上海大学考研翻译硕士英语真题2015模拟题

上海大学

2015年翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试初试模拟试题

考试科目：211 翻译硕士英语

Part I. (30’) Vocabulary and grammar (30’)

Directions: There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET

1. Mary and John are busy looking for a hotel for their wedding _____．

A．meal B．snack C．refreshment D．banquet

2．Mini-skirts first _____ in the 1960s．

A．caught out B．caught in C．caught on D．caught up

3．That outburst at the meeting was ____ of his bad temper．

A．illustrative B．explanatory C．expository D．revealing

4．The earthquake refugees are ____ for food and blankets．

A．desirous B．ambitious C．seriously off D．badly off

5．When Linda heard the good news she tried to sound casual，but her excitement was obvious．The underlined part means _____．

A．uncaring B．disinterested C．without plan D．without warning

6．Most Chinese people went to work by bike within living _____．

A．mind B．knowledge C．memory D．scope

7．The speaker was very good at ____ his ideas during the discussion．A．putting aside B．putting across C．putting back D．putting off

8．The food is good at this hotel，but the ____ is poor；the waiters don’t seem to be well trained．

A．maintenance B．repair C．charge D．service

9． Slavery was ____ in America in the 19th century．

A．abolished B．cancelled C．abandoned D．terminated

10．Mercifully，I was able to complete all I had to do within a few days．The underlined part means _____.

A．efficiently B．surprisingly C．fortunately D．shortly

11．The boys in the dorm ____ a coin to decide who would clean the floor．

A．held B．tossed C．put D．collected

12．The patterns of spoken language are ____ from those of writing．

A．distinct B．distinctive C．distinguished D．distinguishing

13．A(n)____ shape has four straight sides at 90°to each other, two of which are much longer than the other two．

A．square B．oval C．oblong D．circular

14．I’d like to have a ____ word with his parents．

A．peaceful B．quiet C．silent D．personal

15. My boss ordered that the legal documents ____ to him before lunch．

A．be sent B．were sent C．were to be sent D．must be sent

16. ______with the developed countries, some African countries are left far behind in

terms of people’s living standard.

A. Compare

B. To compare

C. Compared

D. Comparing

17. You were silly not _____ your car.

A. to lock

B. to have locked

C. locking

D. having locked

18. I don’t think it’s wise of you to _____ your greater knowledge in front of the director, for it may offend him.

A. show up

B. show out

C. show in

D. show off

19. She didn’t go to the cinema last night, _____she had to finish her term paper.

A. as

B. if

C. till

D. though

20. Mary tried to teach her little brother how to pronounce words ____ her teacher did.

A. in much the same way like

B. with much the same way as

C. in much the same way that

D. using much the same of

21. By this time next year, we______ all the land into rice fields.

A. had turned

B. will have turned

C. have turned

D. have been turning

22. It is time we _____computers to the production of iron and steel.

A. will apply

B. applied

C. have applied

D. would have applied

23. ____Sarah has got a well-paid job, she will no longer have to rely on her parents.

A. Although

B. Now that

C. Even after

D. Since that

24.This time next week I’ll be on vacation. Probably I____- on a beautiful beach.

A. am lying

B. have lain

C. will be lying

D. will have lain

25. _____, we went swimming in the river.

A. The day being very hot

B. It was a very hot day

C. The day was very hot

D. Being a very hot day

26. The local government provided ___ for the homeless soon after the flood．

A．possessions B．accommodations C．souvenirs D．groceries

27. Any help from you will be greatly appreciated. Please give me a reply at your earliest ______.

A. convenience

B. consideration

C. interruption

D. imagination

28— What do you think of the furniture on exhibition?

— Well, great! But I don’t think much of ____ you bought．

A．the one B．it C．that D．which

29. Our manager, who is particular about everything, will not accept your design unless it is truly_____.

A．mysterious B．considerate C．curious D．novel

30.These days strange things happened ______ in the small village, which caused a

panic among the villagers．

A．frequently B．fluently C．regularly D．deliberately

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(15*2’+5*2’)

Directions: In this section there are four passages followed by a total of 15 multiple-choice questions and 5 short answer questions. Please read the passage and answer the question on the ANSWER SHEET.

TEXT A

Saying“ thank you”is probably the first thing most of us learn to do in a foreign language．After all，we’re brought up to be polite，and it is important to make a good impression upon other people—especially across national divides．

So．what exactly are you supposed to say when "thank you" is only the 20th most popular way to express gratitude? According to a recent survey,19 other ways of expressing appreciation finished ahead of "thank you" in a poll of 3,000 people．

Pollsters found almost half of those asked preferred the more informal “cheers”，while others liked to use such expressions as “ta”, “great" and “nice one”．So，just what is the appropriate form of words to express your thanks?

Fortunately, the clue is in the language itself．“Cheers”，despite its popularity，is considered an informal way to say thank you—and this is a definite clue as to when you can best use it. For instance，when going for a drink with friends，a smile and a “cheers” by way of thanks is not only appropriate to the situation，it is also culturally accurate．

“Ta”，originated from the Danish word “tak”, was the second-most popular expression of thanks，and is also commonly used in informal situations，along with phrases such as “nice one”， and “brilliant”．Interestingly, one word that didn’t make it into the top 20 was “thanks”．Thank you's shorter, more informal cousin．

“Thanks ”can be useful，as it is able to bridge the divide between the formality of “thank you" and the downright relaxed “cheers”. Certain words can double as an expression of thanks as well as delight．Again，the words themselves offer the clue as to when best to use them．

For example，words like “awesome”，“brilliant" and “you star" featured highly in the new poll and they can hint at both your pleasure at someone's action，as well as serving to express your thanks．If you are on the receiving end of a “new” thank you，you can respond with a simple “no problem”, or “sure”．

Of course，in certain circumstances，a simple wave，nod or smile may be appropriate．For instance，if a car driver slows down to let you cross the road，simply raising your hand in acknowledgement is enough to show that you appreciate the driver's consideration. Sometimes，formality is necessary, and “thank you” is still the best choice in such situations. But students should not worry about when exactly to use certain expressions．

Many people in Western countries are worried that good manners are in decline．People are tired of seeing their acts of kindness and service pass without comment．So don’t think that your “thank you ”was clumsy or awkwardly formal．The chances are，if you said “thank you”，you made someone’s day．You star．

1．We can tell from the results of the poll that________

A．people are unconcerned about politeness nowadays．

B．“thank you” remains the best expression of gratitude．

C．there is a variety of expressions of appreciation．

D．there are more formal expressions than informal ones．

2．Which word/phrase does NOT appear in the top 20?

A．Cheers． B．Thanks． C．Brilliant． D．You star．

3．According to the passage．which is an appropriate response to “awesome” or “brilliant”?

A．Thanks． B．Cheers． C．Nice one． D．Sure．

4．According to the passage，the way in which we express our gratitude depends on all the following EXCEPT

A．gender． B．formality． C．culture． D．circumstance．

5．In the last paragraph the author encourages people to _______

A．continue their acts of kindness．

B．behave themselves well．

C．show their gratitude to others．

D．stop worrying about bad manners．

TEXT B

From 2007 to 2010，American households lost $l1 trillion in real estate，savings, and stocks More than half of all U．S．workers either lost their jobs or were forced to take cuts in hours or pay during the recession．The worst may be behind them now, but the shocking losses of the past few years have reshaped nearly every facet of their lives—how they live，work，and spend—even the way they think about the future．

For Cindy, the recession began when her husband was relocated to Rhinelander, Wisconsin．by his company forcing the family to move in a hurry．The couple bought a new house but were unable to sell their two-bedroom home in Big Lake，Minnesota．With two mortgages(抵押借款) and two young children to care for, Cindy couldn't imagine how to stretch her husband's paycheck to keep her family fed．

Then she stumbled upon an online community called Blotanical，a forum for gardeners，many with an interest in sustainability．“The more I read and discussed

these practices，the more I realized this would help not only our budget but also our health，”she says．

Cindy admits that before the recession，she was a city girl with no interest in growing her own dinner．“I grew flowers mostly—I didn’t think about plants that weren’t visually interesting." But to stretch her budget，she began putting in vegetables and fruit—everything from strawberry beds to apple trees—and as her first seedlings grew，her spirits lifted．She no longer thinks of gardening and making her own jams as just a money saver；they’re a genuine pleasure．“It’s brought us closer together as a family, too，”she says．Her kids voluntarily pitch in with(主动帮助)the garden work，and the family cooks together instead of eating out．The food tastes better —it's fresher and organic —and the garden handily fulfills its original purpose：cost cutting．Now she spends about $200 to $300 a month on groceries．less than half of the $650 a month that she used to lay out．

After discovering how resourceful she can be in tough times，Cindy is no longer easily discouraged．“It makes me feel proud to be able to say I made it myself, ”she says．“I feel accomplished，and I'm more confident about attempting things I've never done before．" Now she avoids convenience stores and has begun learning to knit，quilt，and make her own soap．"I don't think I would have ever begun this journey if it weren’t for the recession，”she says．“I have a feeling that from now on，it will affect my family’s health and happiness for the better．"

6．We learn from the first paragraph that the recession_______

A．affected Americans in certain occupations．

B．had great impact on Americans’work and life．

C．had only brought huge losses in savings and stocks．

D．is over with some of the losses recovered.

7．What made the family's financial situation even worse was that they________ A．moved to Rhinelander in a hurry．

B．had two children to raise．

C．didn't know anyone in Rhinelander．

D．couldn't sell their home in Big Lake．

8．Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

A．Cindy had seen the benefits of gardening in a different way．

B．Cindy had developed a hobby of gardening before the recession．

C．Cindy had already had a keen interest in sustainability．

D．Cindy had already planned to meet the gardeners．

9．In addition, Cindy views gardening as a genuine pleasure because gardening_______

A．helped her cut living costs almost by half．

B．enabled her to make her own jams．

C．built up family ties and kids’ enthusiasm．

D．enabled her to know more about plants．

10．What does Cindy think of the difficult times she has gone through?

A．It gave the couple and their kids a tough lesson．

B．It gave her confidence and optimism．

C．It would come again and affect the family．

D．It left a lasting psychological impact on the family．

TEXT C

Despite Denmark’s manifest virtues, Danes never talk about how proud they a re to be Danes. This would sound weird in Danish. When Danes talk to foreigners about Denmark, they always begin by commenting on its tininess, its unimportance , the difficulty of its language, the general small-mindedness and self-indulgence of their countrymen and the high taxes. No Dane would look you in the eye and say, “Denmark is a great country.” You’re supposed to figure this out for yourself.

It is the land of the silk safety net, where almost half the national budget goes toward smoothing out life’s inequalities, and there is plenty of money for schools, day care, retraining programmes, job seminars-Danes love seminars: three days at a study center hearing about waste management is almost as good as a ski trip. It is a culture bombarded by English, in advertising, pop music, the Internet, and despite all the English that Danish absorbs—there is no Danish Academy to defend against it —old dialects persist in Jutland that can barely be understood by Copenhageners. It is the land where, as the saying goes,“ Fe w have too much and fewer have too little, ”and a foreigner is struck by the sweet egalitarianism that prevails, where the lowliest clerk gives you a level gaze, where Sir and Madame have disappeared from common usage, even Mr. and Mrs. It’ s a nation of recyclers—about 55 % of Danish garbage gets made into something new— and no nuclear power plants. It’s a nation of tireless planner. Trains run on time. Things operate well in general.

Such a nation of overachievers — a brochure from the Ministry of Business and Industry says, “Denmark is one of the world’s cleanest and most organize d countries, with virtually no pollution, crime, or poverty. Denmark is the most corruption-free society in the Northern Hemisphere. ”So, of course, one’s heart l ifts at any sighting of Danish sleaze: skinhead graffiti on buildings(“Foreignrs Out of Denmark! ”), broken beer bottles in the gutters, drunken teenagers slumped in the park.

Nonetheless, it is an orderly land. You drive through a Danish town, it comes to an end at a stone wall, and on the other side is a field of barley, a nice clean line: town here, country there. It is not a nation of jay-walkers. People stand on the curb and wait

for the red light to change, even if it’s 2 a.m. a n d there’s not a car in sight. However, Danes don’ t think of themselves as a w ai nting-at-2-a.m.-for-the-green-light people——that’s how they see Swedes and Germans. Danes see themselves as jazzy people, improvisers, more free spirited than Swedes, but the truth is( though one should not say it)that Danes are very much like Germans and Swedes. Orderliness is a main selling point. Denmark has few natural resources, limited manufacturing capability; its future in Europe will be as a broker, banker, and distributor of goods. You send your goods by container ship to Copenhagen, and these bright, young, English-speaking, utterly honest, highly disciplined people will get your goods around to Scandinavia, the Baltic States, and Russia. Airports, seaports, highways, and rail lines are ultramodern and well-maintained.

The orderliness of the society doesn’t mean that Danish lives are less messy or lonely than yours or mine, and no Dane would tell you so. You can hear plenty about bitter family feuds and the sorrows of alcoholism and about perfectly sensible people who went off one day and killed themselves. An orderly society c an not exempt its members from the hazards of life.

But there is a sense of entitlement and security that Danes grow up with. Certain things are yours by virtue of citizenship, and you shouldn’t feel bad f o r taking what you’re entitled to, you’re as good as anyone else. The rules of the welfare system are clear to everyone, the benefits you get if you lose your job, the steps you take to get a new one; and the orderliness of the system makes it possible for the country to weather high unemployment and social unrest without a sense of crisis.

11. The author thinks that Danes adopt a ___ attitude towards their country.

A. boastful

B. modest

C. deprecating

D. mysterious

12. Which of the following is NOT a Danish characteristic cited in the passage?

A. Fondness of foreign culture.

B. Equality in society.

C. Linguistic tolerance.

D. Persistent planning.

13. The author’s reaction to the statement by the Ministry of Business and Industry is ___.

A. disapproving

B. approving

C. noncommittal

D. doubtful

14. According to the passage, Danish orderliness ___.

A. sets the people apart from Germans and Swedes

B. spares Danes social troubles besetting other people

C. is considered economically essential to the country

D. prevents Danes from acknowledging existing troubles

15. At the end of the passage the author states all the following EXCEPT that ___.

A. Danes are clearly informed of their social benefits

B. Danes take for granted what is given to them

C. the open system helps to tide the country over

D. orderliness has alleviated unemployment

TEXT D

"Museum" is a slippery word. It first meant (in Greek) anything consecrated to the Muses: a hill, a shrine, a garden, a festival or even a textbook. Both Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum had a mouseion, a muses' shrine. Although the Greeks already collected detached works of art, many temples - notably that of Hera at Olympia (before which the Olympic flame is still lit) - had collections of objects, some of which were works of art by well-known masters, while paintings and sculptures in the Alexandrian Museum were incidental to its main purpose.

The Romans also collected and exhibited art from disbanded temples, as well as mineral specimens, exotic plants, animals; and they plundered sculptures and paintings (mostly Greek) for exhibition. Meanwhile, the Greek word had slipped into Latin by transliteration (though not to signify picture galleries, which were called pinacothecae) and museum still more or less meant "Muses' shrine".

The inspirational collections of precious and semi-precious objects were kept in larger churches and monasteries - which focused on the gold-enshrined, bejeweled relics of saints and martyrs. Princes, and later merchants, had similar collections, which became the deposits of natural curiosities: large lumps of amber or coral, irregular pearls, unicorn horns, ostrich eggs, fossil bones and so on. They also included coins and gems - often antique engraved ones - as well as, increasingly, paintings and sculptures. As they multiplied and expanded, to supplement them, the skill of the fakers grew increasingly refined.

At the same time, visitors could admire the very grandest paintings and sculptures in the churches, palaces and castles; they were not "collected" either, but "site-specific", and were considered an integral part both of the fabric of the buildings

and of the way of life which went on inside them - and most of the buildings were public ones. However, during the revival of antiquity in the fifteenth century, fragments of antique sculpture were given higher status than the work of any contemporary, so that displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation; and so could be considered Muses' shrines in the former sense. The Medici garden near San Marco in Florence, the Belvedere and the Capitol in Rome were the most famous of such early "inspirational" collections. Soon they multiplied, and, gradually, exemplary "modern" works were

In the seventeenth century, scientific and prestige collecting became so widespread that three or four collectors independently published directories to museums all over the known world. But it was the age of revolutions and industry which produced the next sharp shift in the way the institution was perceived: the fury against royal and church monuments prompted antiquarians to shelter them in asylum-galleries, of which the Musee des Monuments Francais was the most famous. Then, in the first half of the nineteenth century, museum funding took off, allied to the rise of new wealth: London acquired the National Gallery and the British Museum, the Louvre was organized, the Museum-Insel was begun in Berlin, and the Munich galleries were built. In Vienna, the huge Kunsthistorisches and Naturhistorisches Museums took over much of the imperial treasure. Meanwhile, the decline of craftsmanship (and of public taste with it) inspired the creation of "improving" collections. The Victoria and Albert Museum in London was the most famous, as well as perhaps the largest of them.

16. What does the sentence "Museum is a slippery word" in the first paragraph means?

17. Where did the idea that museum could mean a mountain or an object originates from?

18. In the fifteenth century, why were fragments of antique sculpture given higher status than the work of any contemporary?

19. What did modern museums come into existence for?

20. When did the museum funding begin to take off?

Part Ⅲ WRITING (30’)

Some people simply see education as going to schools or colleges, or as a means to secure good jobs; most people view education as a lifelong process. In y our

opinion, how important is education to modem man?

Write a composition of about 400 words on the following topic:　

EDUCATION AS A LIFELONG PROCESS

In the first part of your writing you should present your thesis statement, and in the second part you should support the thesis statement with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary.　

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.

Write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET

参考答案：

partⅠ Vocabulary and grammar(30’)

1-5 DCADA 6-10 CBDAC 11-15 BACBA

16-20CBDAC 21-25 BBBCA 26-30 BAADA

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension(40’)

1.[C]

2.[B]

3.[D]

4.[A]

5.[C]

6.[B]

7.[D]

8.[A]

9.[C]10.[B]

11.[B]12.[A]13.[D]14.[C]15.[D]

16 It means that the word had changed over the years.

17 The Romans

18. As a result, the displays of antiquities would inspire artists to imitation, or even better, to emulation; and so could be considered Muses' shrines in the former sense.

19. In order to protect royal and church treasures.

20. In the first half of the nineteenth century

Part Ⅲ WRITING(30’)(略)

2015考研英语一阅读理解逐句翻译

2015 Text 1 Paragraph 1 1、King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted ?kings don`t abdicate, they die in their sleep.? But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down. 西班牙国王胡安?卡洛斯曾说?国王不会退位，他们逝世于睡眠中?。但是最近几次欧洲大选中，丑闻盛行、共和党人大受欢迎迫使胡安?卡洛斯收回之前的言论，并被迫退位。 1.1 abdicate英/'?bd?ke?t/ 美/'?bd?ket/vt. 退位；放弃vi. 退位；放弃 1.2 scandal英/'sk?nd(?)l/ 美/'sk?ndl/n. 丑闻；流言蜚语；诽谤；公愤 2、So, does the Spanish crisis suggest that monarchy is seeing its last days? Does that mean the writing is on the wall for all European royals, with their magnificent uniforms and majestic lifestyle? 如此说来，西班牙的危机是否表明君主制已到穷途末路？是否意味着欧洲皇室以及他们锦衣玉食的生活走向末路已无可更改？ 2.1 monarchy英 /'m?n?k?/ 美/'mɑn?ki/n. 君主政体；君主国；君主政治 2.2 the writing is on the wall某事将失败的不祥预兆 2.3 royal英/'r???l/ 美/'r???l/n. 王室；王室成员adj. 皇家的；盛大的；女王的；高贵的；第一流的 2.4 magnificent英/m?g'n?f?s(?)nt/ 美/m?g'n?f?snt/adj. 高尚的；壮丽的；华丽的；宏伟的 2.5 majestic英 /m?'d?est?k/ 美/m?'d??st?k/adj. 庄严的；宏伟的 Paragraph 2 1、The Spanish case provides arguments both for and against monarchy. 西班牙的事例既提供了支持君主制的论据，也提供了反对君主制的论据。 2、When public opinion is particularly polarised, as it was following the end of the Franco regime, monarchs can rise above ?mere? politics and ?embody? a spirit of national unity.这时公众意见呈现出两极分化，弗 2.1 particularly英/p?'t?kj?l?l?/ 美/p?'t?kj?l?l?/adv. 特别地，独特地；详细地，具体地；明确地，细致地 2.2 polarise 英/’p??l?ra?z/ 美/’p?ul?raiz/vt. 极化（等于polarize）polarize英/'p?ul?raiz/ 美/'pol?'ra?z/vt. （使）极化；（使）偏振；（使）两极分化vi. 极化；偏振；两极分化 2.3 regime英 /re?'?i?m/ 美/re'?im/n. 政权，政体；社会制度；管理体制 2.4 monarch英 /'m?n?k/ 美/'mɑn?k/n. 君主，帝王；最高统治者 Paragraph 3 1、It is this apparent transcendence of politics that explains monarchs` continuing popularity polarized. 正是这次明显的超越对君主作为国家元首继续流行做出了解释。 1.1 transcendence英/tr?n'send?ns/ 美/tr?n'send?ns/n. 超越；卓越；超然存在 2、And also, the Middle East excepted, Europe is the most monarch-infested region in the world, with 10 kingdoms (not counting Vatican City and Andorra). 正因如此，除中东外，欧洲是世界上君主制最盛行的地区，有10位国王（梵蒂冈和安道尔不算在内）。 2.1 infested adj. 为患的，大批滋生的（常与with搭配）v. 害虫、野兽大批出没于( infest的过去式和过去分词)；遍布于 3、But unlike their absolutist counterparts in the Gulf and Asia, most royal families have survived because they allow voters to avoid the difficult search for a non-controversial but respected public figure. 但是，与海湾地区和亚洲的专制国家不同，欧洲皇室能够留存下来，是因为他们让选民免于苦心孤诣地寻找一个没有争议且受尊崇的公众人物。 3.1 absolutist英/'?bs?lu:tist/ 美/'?bs?lu:tist/n. 绝对论者；专制主义者 Paragraph 4 1、Even so, kings and queens undoubtedly have a downside. 即使如此，毋庸臵疑君主还是在衰落。 1.1 ownside英 /'da?nsa?d/ 美/'da?nsa?d/n. 负面，缺点；下降趋势；底侧adj. 底侧的 2、Symbolic of national unity as they claim to be, their very history—and sometimes the way they behave today – embodies outdated and indefensible privileges and inequalities. 即使他们声称自己是国家统一的象征，但他们的历史和今日的行为方式都代表着他们享有的特权和他们身上体现出的不公平已经过时，且站不住脚。

2015考研英语翻译真题解析

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2015年考研英语一：翻译真题答案及来源分析 新东方在线唐静 2015年全国研究生入学考试今天拉开帷幕。今天是考研的第1天，下午进行了英语的考试，新东方在线考研辅导名师团队第一时间通过酷学网对考研真题进行直播解析，敬请持续关注。 以下是新东方在线考研名师唐静为2015考生带来的考研英语一翻译深度解析： 英语一翻译的文章来源于An Outline of American History，《美国历史纲要》，是一本历史学方面的专著。考研翻译曾经在1999年考过历史学方面的话题，当初考的是历史学科建立方面的争论，关于历史研究方法论的。今年的考题与1999年那篇历史学文章的试题相比，简单太多。但是与2014年考研翻译试题相比，难度倒是上升了不小。 真题如下，大家参考： Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration -one of the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, impelled (命题人改写为driven) by powerful and diverse motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent. 受到各种强大的动机所驱使，这场运动在荒野中开创了一个国家；本质使然，它也塑造了这片未知大陆的性格和命运。 47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these distinctly European cultural(命题人删除了这三个 词)traits. 有两股主要力量形成了美国：一是欧洲移民带来的各式思想、风俗和民族特征，二是这个新国家本身在融合上述特征之后带来的影响。Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 48) But, inevitably,(命题人删掉了这个词) the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. 但是，美国特有的地理条件、不同种族间的相互影响、以及在这片原始的新大陆上维持旧秩序的艰难，带来了巨大的变化。These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.

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2015年考研英语二：翻译真题答案及来源分析 新东方在线唐静 2015年全国研究生入学考试今天拉开帷幕。今天是考研的第1天，下午进行了英语的考试，新东方在线考研辅导名师团队第一时间通过酷学网对考研真题进行直播解析，敬请持续关注。 以下是新东方在线考研名师唐静为2015考生带来的考研英语二翻译深度解析： 来源分析： 文章来源于https://www.wendangku.net/doc/06526162.html,，它是一个关于心理学方面的网站。原文标题是：The Well-Travelled Road Effect: Why Familiar Routes Fly By，文章链接地址如下：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/06526162.html,/2013/06/the-well-travelled-road-effect-why-familiar-routes-fly-by.php 2015年翻译真题，经过命题人改编，完全符合英语二翻译部分大纲要求，总字数为156个词，有8句话，难度与2014年年初翻译难度相当。 真题和答案如下，大家参考。若有错误，请指正： Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual(命题人改编为：lose concentration on the) driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has. 设想一下，你正开车行驶在一条非常熟悉的路线上。可以是你每天上下班、去城里、或者回家的路。不管是什么路，你对每一个拐每一个弯都了如指掌，非常熟悉。在这样的路途中，我们容易在开车的时候心不在焉，对途中的景色也几乎是全然不顾。结果是你觉得路途上所花的时间比实际要少。 This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route. 这就是所谓的“熟悉路线效应”：人们往往会低估在熟悉的线路上所花费的时间。 The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, when we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to i t. So we assume it was proportionately(命题人删掉了这个词) shorter. 这种效应是由于我们注意力分配的方式不同引起的。如果我们行驶在熟悉的路线上，因为不需要太集中精力，会感觉时间流逝较快。以后，一旦回想这段路程，因为注意力没有集中在此，我们就会全然忘记。这样，我们就会觉得路程更短。