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英文写作高级词汇

英文写作高级词汇
英文写作高级词汇

重要积累:英文中顶级的同义词替换来源:陶忆宁?7ao的日志

本文非我原作,是互联网上收集的,供大家使用!

请大家不要再用垃圾贫乏词汇,使用高档词汇!

大家都有那些习惯,写英语作文时用来用去就那几个单词,没有深度,更没有创新。下面的大多数单词,都是同义词,但是绝对是最精华的最顶级的,用上以后效果非同反响,你可以做的就是将其背出运用,用于你的作文中,一定令人刮目相看~~如果整理的有错误请大家帮忙纠正啊~~~括号内的是解释

1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0c3633240.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhe re)

3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs an

d wants)

4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)

5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)

6.near=adjacent(two things next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)

7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to ob tain it. FORMAL)

8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in ever y detail)

9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)

10.top=peak, summit

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0c3633240.html,petitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)

12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unaccept able)

13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a partic ular way)

14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation

15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish

16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashame

d or stupid)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0c3633240.html,plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)

18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental

19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or sev ere)

20.force=coerce (coerce means you make someone do something he does not want to),compel

21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0c3633240.html,plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and det ails)

23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)

24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,

25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)

26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things ve ry thoroughly

27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)

28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)

29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)

30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)

31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you empha size something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)

32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it)

33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)

34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)

35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral re asons), loathe(dislike very much)

36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)

39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)

40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immuta ble will never change or be changed)

41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large d egree),astonish(the same as astound)

42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)

43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)

44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)

45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expe nsive)

46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frus trating)

47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMA L)

48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)

49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)

50.hot=boiling(very hot)

51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's s afety and health

52.nowadays=currently

53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;

54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)

55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)

56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)

57.obvious=apparent, manifest

58.based on=derived from

60.quite=fairly

61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)

62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)

63.appear=emerge(come into existence)

64.whole=entire(the whole of something)

65.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)

66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)

67.difficult=formidable

68.change=convert(change into another form)

69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)

70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensi ble)

71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)

72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his /her opinion is different from most people)

73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0c3633240.html,e= utilize (the same as use)

75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)

76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure and satisf action)

77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)

78.scholarship=fellowship

79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)

80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)

81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)#

82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing can attract you a great deal)

83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)

84.disorder=disarray, chaos

85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrol led way)

86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly)

87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)

88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)

89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)

90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)

91.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it ver y

unlike to happen ^

92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/h erbecause he/she does not understand it)

93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)

94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)

95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)

96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)

97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)

98.so=consequently, accordingly

99.rare=infrequent (doesn’t happen often)

100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)

英语写作中可替换的高级词汇

1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important) The way you and I approach today, and each day, is crucial. 我们对待今天以及每一天的方式都是至关重要的。 Whether at work or at home, the goal is to engage in activities that are both personally significant and enjoyable. 无论在工作中还是在家里,目标都是从事个人重大的并且令人愉快的活动。 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0c3633240.html,mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere) Music has been called the universal language. 人们称音乐为世界的语言. Happiness is ubiquitous, may fall short of demand. 幸福无处不在,可还是供不应求. 3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants) He has received ample praise for the work he did. 他所做的工作,使他获得了广泛的赞美。 This place has plentiful material resources. 这地方的物质资源是丰富的。 4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly) We adhere to the principle that everyone should be treated fairly. 我们必须坚持人人都应该被平等对待这一原则。 The children cling to their father for more pocket money. 孩子们粘着爸爸,要他再给些零花钱。 5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.) Focus in the person who are talking with you,ignore something else. 把全身的注意力都集中在与你谈话的人身上,忽略其他。 6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent) His house is adjacent to mine. 他的寓所与我的相毗连。 It is certain that virtue adjoins pride on one side. 好的品德常会引人走向骄傲自满的一面,那是不假的。 7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL) He wooed and won her. 他向她求爱成功而结婚。 Older people may seek their own friends rather than become too emotionally dependent on their children.

精心整理英语作文常用的高级词汇

高考英语作文中常用的替换词 1.individuals, characters, folks 替换( people, persons) 2.positive, favorable, rosy (美好的) ,promising(有希望的) ,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior 替换 good 3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换 bad 如果 bad 做表语 ,可以有 be less impressive替换 eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation , as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4.( an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many, if not most)替 换 many. 注:用 many, if not most 一定要小心, many 后一定要有词。 most, if not all ,Eg. Many individuals ,if not most ,harbor the idea that同理?用. 替换 most. 5.a slice of, quiet a few, several替换 some 6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that,it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替 think (因为是书面语,所以要加 that) 7.affair, business, matter替换 thing 8.shared 替换 common 9.reap huge fruits 替换 get many benefits 10.for my part, from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion 11.Increasing(ly ), growing 替换 more and more(注意没有 growingly 这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing。修饰形容词,副词用 increasingly. Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12.little if anything, 或 little or nothing 替换 hardly 13. ?? beneficial, rewarding替换 helpful 14.shopper,client, consumer, purchaser替换 customer 15.exceedingly, extremely, intensely替换 very 16.hardly necessary, hardly inevitable替换unnecessary,??avoidable

常用英语写作词汇

常用英语写作词汇 1 the 2 be 3 of 4 and 5 a 6 to 7 in 8 he 9 have 10 it 11 that 12 for 13 they 14 I 15 with 16 as 17 not 18 on 19 she

20 at 21 by 22 this 23 we 24 you 25 do 26 but 27 from 28 or 29 which 30 one 31 would 32 all 33 will 34 there 35 say 36 who 37 make 38 when 39 can 40 more

41 if 42 no 43 man 44 out 45 other 46 so 47 what 48 time 49 up 50 go 51 about 52 than 53 into 54 could 55 state 56 only 57 new 58 year 59 some 60 take 61 come

63 know 64 see 65 use 66 get 67 like 68 then 69 first 70 any 71 work 72 now 73 may 74 such 75 give 76 over 77 think 78 most 79 even 80 find 81 day 82 also

84 way 85 many 86 must 87 look 88 before 89 great 90 7 back 91 through 92 long 93 where 94 much 95 should 96 well 97 people 98 down 99 own 100 just

(完整word版)英语写作高级词汇替换大全

.增补(Addition) in addition另外, furthermor e此外, again, also, besides, moreover此外, similarly, finally最后2.比较(Comparison) in the same way, likewise同样地, similarly, equally, in comparison比较起来, just as同样地3.对照(Contrast) whereas然而, in contrast与此相反, on the other hand, instead同样, however然而, nevertheless然而, unlike, even though即使, on the contrary, while 4.因果(Cause and effect) because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus 5.强调(Emphasis) certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant 6.让步(Concession) although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true.... 7.例证(Exemplification) for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration. 8.总结(Conclusion) to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary 9.推断(Inference) therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise 10.时间和空间(Time and space) afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of 11.启承转合 1)、启 A proverb says...... At present....... As the proverb says.... Currently..... Generally speaking, .... Now,.... In general, ..... On the Whole.... It is clear that.... Recently..... It is often said that.... Without doubt, ....... 2)、承 First(of all), ...... Moreover, ......... Firstly, ............ No one can deny that.... In the first place, ......... Obviously..... To begin with, ......... Of course, ......... Also, ....... Similarly,......... At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that..... Certainly...... There is no doubt that....... In addition,..... What`s more, .......... In fact........ It can be easily proved that...

英语写作必备的100个意群词汇

托福写作必备100个意群词汇 1.持某观点: claim (contend reckon share the belief that ) 2. 支持某观点: advocate (maintain vote for side with be in favor of ) 3. 反对某观点: contradict (criticize be against cast doubts on ) 4. 合理的:justified ( sensible feasible convincing hold water bear much analysis) 5. 好处:advantage (benefit, merit, positive side) 6. 弊端:disadvantage( defect, demerit, negative side) 7. 肯定:undoubtedly (indeed undeniably there is no denying that) 8. 不确定:be likely to ( potentially presumably) 9. 重要的:essential (significant, vital, crucial, critical, fundamental, indispensable) 10. 有益的:beneficial (conducive instrumental ) 11. 有害的:detrimental (harmful virulent) 12. 有争议的:controversial (disputable, contentious) 13. 普遍的:widespread ( prevalent, universal) 14 显著地:considerably (significantly, remarkably, dramatically, tremendously, substantially) 15. 明显的:evident (apparent, manifest) 16. 增强:enhance (strengthen intensify) 17. 减少:decline (descend, collapse, relieve) 18. 大约:approximately(nearly, around, estimated, roughly) 19. 趋势:trend(tendency, inclination) 20. 预见:predict (expect, project) 21. 带来bring about (result in, lead to) 22. 引起create (spark, yield, give rise to) 23. 建立establish (found, institute) 24. 要求call for (request,demand) 25. 去除eliminate(remove, eradicate) 26. 探讨explore (examine, identify) 27. 描绘depict (portray, illustrate) 28. 后果consequence( aftermath; outcome) 29. 足够adequate(enough; sufficient) 30. 解决tackle ( resolve, address) 31. 意识awareness(consciousness) 32. 控制curb ( regulate, censor) 33. 解释:account for(be responsible for) 34. 投资finance (invest in, subsidize) 35. 缓解relieve ( ease, alleviate) 36. 压力stress ( pressure, strain) 37. 和谐harmony ( concordance) 38. 继承inherit (hand down) 39. 培养cultivate(train, foster) 40. 促进promote ( contribute to, upgrade) 41. 适应adapt to (adjust to, acclimate to) 42. 提供provide (render, afford) 43. 替代replace (substitute, take the place of) 44. 保护preserve (protect) 45. 证据evidence (proof) 46. 赢得gain (acquire, attain) 47. 国外的f oreign( alien, exotic) 48. 灾难disaster (misfortune, catastrophe) 49. 发展advance (progress) 50. 倾向于tend to ( be inclined to , be apt to)

英语六级写作常用词的高级词汇替换

英语六级写作常用词的高级词汇替换 一:许多 一提到“许多”,无数童鞋的脑海中第一时间浮现了一个词:"many",于是,阅卷老师心中可能如千万只神兽奔腾而过,初中词汇拿来糊弄我! 所以,为了避免阅卷老师的愤怒,我们可以用以下的词汇替换。 替换词NO.1:numerous 栗子:Scientific development meant the growth of numerous professions ancillary to medicine. 科技发展意味着许多医学衍生职业的增长。 替换词NO.2:a host of 栗子:The new e-books will include a host of Rough Guide titles. 新电子书将包括大量的简明指南。 替换词NO.3:a multitude of 栗子:There are a multitude of small quiet roads to cycle along. 有很多可以骑车的宁静小路。

二:不同的 提到“不同的”,别跟小编说你没想到"different"一词。。。这个词无形中把你的词汇量拉低,可能让阅卷老师暗中发出“英语(精品课)智障”的感叹。 所以为了减少阅卷老师对你智商的无限怀疑,请看下列几个替换词。 替换词NO.1:various 栗子:They've been living and working peacefully with members of various ethnic groups. 他们和不同民族的人们一起和睦地生活和工作。 替换词NO.2:a variety of 栗子:West Hampstead has a variety of good shops and supermarkets. 西汉普斯特德有各种各样不错的店铺和超级市场。 替换词NO.3:diverse 栗子:people from diverse cultures 不同文化背景的人 三:普遍的

英语作文常用高级词汇

(冒号前面的是我们习惯想到的词,考试中尽量少用!一定要用后面的词去替换前面)We, everyone: any reasonable/sensitive soul/mind, talented minds, elite minds, versatile minds, personality, figures, celebrity, idiots, philosophic minds, genius More and more: increasingly, Big: enormous, tremendous, gigantic, titanic, astronomical, vast, boundless, Very: extremely, overwhelmingly, undeniably, remarkably, voluminously, excessively, exceedingly, tangibly, impressively, shockingly, Famous: renowned, celebrated, accomplished, distinguished, prominent, eminent, outstanding, preeminent, Good: spectacular, amazing, unbelievable, incredible, magnificent, adorable, fantastic, fascinating, admirable, respectable, cherishable, adorable, awesome, terrific, majestic, Bad: nightmarish, disgusting, despicable, monstrous, appalling, abhorring, repelling, repulsive, Important: significant, essential, basic, fundamental, indispensable, crucial, critical, decisive, determinant, dominant, predominant, infallible, Say, Believe,think: suppose, hold, claim, maintain, presume, assume, contend, argue, declare, I am convinced, conclude, Improve, better: further, promote, enhance, reinforce, strengthen, consolidate, cement, nurture, relieve, recover, Everyone knows: it’s a truth universally acknowledged t hat, It can never be denied, it is undeniable that,It goes without saying that,It is self evident that,It is highly advisably, imperative, remarkable that,It comforts one to know that… ◆常见替代词汇解释 1. accelerate: 后面接名词,表示“加速”,中性词,好事坏事都能用。 2. adequate: “足够的”,用来替代经常被使用的enough。 3. advance: 名词,“进步,发展”,用来替代文章开头经常使用的development,progress。 4. advisable / sensible / rational: “合理的”,都可以替代reasonable。 5. cannot afford to: “不应当做”,不是我们说的“负担不起”。 6. be alert to something: “对…保持警惕”,后面接消极概念。 7. alternative: “其他的选择或办法”,比如an alternative is that… 相当于in addition(除此之外)。 8. applicable / feasible / workable: 都表示“可行的”,用在政策、法令、手段等词前面做修饰语,既可增加字长,又可以提高词汇水平。 9. approach / channel: “方法,手段”,用来替代我们经常使用的一些简单词汇,如method 等。 10. approve of something: “批准,同意”,注意不要忘记介词of。 11. attach importance to something: 表示“重视,强调”,替代pay attention to。

考研常用英语写作词汇

考研常用英语写作词汇 1. accident n. 意外事件,事故 2. achievement n. 成就,功绩 3. activity n. 活跃,活动性,行动,行为 4. adopt vt. 采用,收养 5. advantage n. 优势,有利条件,利益 6. afford vt. [常与can,could,be able to连用]担负得起费用(损失,后果等),花费得起,经受得住;抽得出(时间) 7. ambition n. 野心,雄心 8. approach n. 接近,逼近,走进,方法,步骤,途径,通路 ①vt. 接近,动手处理②vi. 靠近 9. attract vt. 吸引 vi. 有吸引力,引起注意 10. bribe n. 贿赂 vt. 贿赂,向. . . 行贿 11. chance n. 机会,可能性,运气 12. cheat n. 欺骗,骗子 v. 欺骗,骗取 13. client n. [计]顾客,客户,委托人 14. communication n. 传达,信息,交通,通讯 15. compare v. 比较,相比,比喻 n. 比较 16. compete vi. 比赛,竞争 17. concentrate v. 集中,浓缩 18. consequently adv. 从而,所以

19. contribution n. 捐献,贡献,投稿 20. convenient adj. 便利的,方便的 21. decline vi. 下倾,下降,下垂 v. 拒绝,衰落 22. decrease n. 减少,减少之量 v. 减少 23. demand n. 要求,需求(量),需要 v. 要求,需要,要求知道,查询 24. depict vt. 描述,描写 25. duality n. 二元性

_英语写作中高级同义词替换(zhang)

英语写作中高级同义词替换 连词篇:(介词,副词) Firstly: previously, beforehand, foremost, initially, originally, formerly, principally, mainly, essentially, basically, generally, commonly, universally, on the whole, fundamentally, to begin with, to start with, first of all, at the outset… Then: subsequently, afterward, thereafter, after that, secondarily, what is more, furthermore (further more)… Lastly: ultimately, eventually, in conclusion, to conclude, as a final point, last of all, last but not least, finally… Too: as well (句末)也, in addition, besides, moreover, additionally, to boot, excessively, also… And: plus, as well as, along with, in addition, bonus, with… Or: otherwise, if not, before, or else…

So (adv): therefore, thus, consequently, accordingly, as a result, for that reason, hence, that’s why Because: as, due to, since, as to, in that, for the reason that, for, now that… But: however, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, on the contrary, on the other hand, 让步although, even thought, though, even if, while, as, despite the fact that… Only: just, merely, barely, singly, solely, rarely… Without: excluding, Very: extremely, acutely, decidedly, deeply, exceedingly, greatly, highly, uncommonly, profoundly, unusually… Actually: as a matter of fact, indeed, in fact, in point of fact, in reality, in truth, literally, truly … 形容词/副词

(完整word版)英语作文常用高级词汇

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1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle 2损害:Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize 3给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford 4培养::Develop, cultivate, foster 5优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness 7 使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle 8 重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative 9 认为:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced 10 保护:Protect, conserve, preserve 11确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge 12 有害的:Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental 13 要求:Request, demand, needs, requisition 14 消除:Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away 15 导致:Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate 16 因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this 17 增长至:Grow to,rise to,increase to,go up to,climb to,ascend to,jump to,shoot to 18降低至:Dip to,fall to,decline to,decrease to,drop to,go down to,reduce to,slump to,descend to,sink to,slide to 19保持稳定:Level out,do not change,remain stable,remain still,remain steady,be stable,maintain the same level,remain unchanged,be still,remain the same level,stay constant,keep at the same level,level off,stabilize,keep its stability,even out 20 急剧地:Dramatically,drastically,sharply,hugely,enormously,steeply,substantially,considerably,significantly,markedly,surprisingly,strikingly,radically,remarkably,vastly,noticeably 21平稳地:Steadily,smoothly,slightly,slowly,marginally,gradually,moderately,mildly 22 宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim 23 发生:Happen, occur, take place 24 原因:Reason, factor, cause

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摘要是对一篇文章的主题思想的简单陈述。它用最简洁的语言概括了原文的主题。写摘要主要包括三个步骤:(1)阅读;(2)写作;(3)修改成文。 第一步:阅读 A.认真阅读给定的原文材料。如果一遍不能理解,就多读两遍。阅读次数越多,你对原文的理解就越深刻。 B.给摘要起一个标题。用那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子作为标题。也可以采用文中的主题句作为标题。主题句往往出现在文章的开头或结尾。一个好标题有助于确定文章的中心思想。C.现在,就该决定原文中哪些部分重要,哪些部分次重要了。对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。 D.简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括摘要重要的东西。 第二步:动手写作 A. 摘要应该只有原文的三分之一或四分之一长。因此首先数一下原文的字数,然后除以三,得到一个数字。摘要的字数可以少于这个数字,但是千万不能超过这个数字。 B. 摘要应全部用自己的话完成。不要引用原文的句子。 C. 应该遵循原文的逻辑顺序。这样你就不必重新组织观点、事实。 D. 摘要必须全面、清晰地表明原文所载的信息,以便你的读者不需翻阅原文就可以完全掌握材料的原意。 E. 写摘要时可以采用下列几种小技巧:

1) 删除细节。只保留主要观点。 2) 选择一至两个例子。原文中可能包括5个或更多的例子,你只需从中筛选一至二个例子。 3) 把长段的描述变成短小、简单的句子。如果材料中描述某人或某事用了十个句子,那么你只要把它们变成一两句即可。 4) 避免重复。在原文中,为了强调某个主题,可能会重复论证说明。但是这在摘要中是不能使用的。应该删除那些突出强调的重述句。 5) 压缩长的句子。如下列两例: “His courage in battle might without exaggeration be called lion-like.” 可以概括为:”He was very brave in battle.” “He was hard up for money and was being pressed by his creditor.”可以概括为:“He was in financial difficulties.” 6) 你还可以使用词组代替整句或者从句。请看下面的例子:“Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, Lushan Mountain, and Mount Huang, were visited by only a few people in the past. Today, better wages, holidays with pay, new hotels on these mountains, and better train and bus services, have brought them within reach of many who never thought of visiting them ten years ago.” 可以概括为:”Beautiful mountains like Mount Tai, once visited by only a few people, are today accessible to many, thanks to better wages, paid holidays, new hotels and better transportation services.”

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