名词的练习
名词的练习
一．可数名词的复数规则变化
1. map__________ girl__________ pen__________ bag_____ car__________
2. bus__________ brush__________ watch__________ box__________
3. baby__________ city__________ country__________
4. hero__________ potato__________zoo_________tomato_________ photo__________
5. knife__________ leaf_______wolf________wife__________ life__________
二．可数名词复数不规则变化
6. child__________foot__________ tooth__________ mouse__________ man__________ 三．国人单复数变化
7. German__________ Englishman__________ Chinese_________ 四．单复数同形
8. deer__________ sheep__________ yuan__________
1. There are two__________ over there. (watch)
2. I like taking __________. (photo)
3. l can see a __________and two __________ standing there. (man, woman)
4. There are two baskets of__________ on the floor. (apple)
5. Look at those__________. (child)
6. He doesn't like these__________. (glass)
7. How many __________can you see? (radio)
8. There are more and more __________ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman)
9. Give me some __________, please. (water)
含性别的复合名词
1. There are twenty __________ in our hospital.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctors
D. woman doctor
2. __________ are usually careful in doing exercises.
A. Girl students
B. Girls students
C. Girls’students
D.Girl’s students
可数名词复数不规则变化
1. ----What are these? --They are __________.
A. deers
B. radios
C. Radioes
D.tomatos
2. How many __________ are there in these __________?
A. tomatos, photos
B. tomatoes, photos
C. tomatoes, photoes
D.potatos,photoes
3. Mr. Chen has two __________.
A. tooths
B. teeth
C. teeths
D.toothes
4. Here are __________ for you, Sue.
A. potatos
B. some potatoes
C. three tomatos
D. some tomato
5. Then the __________ began to eat the green __________ of young trees.
A. deer, leafs
B. deer, leaves
C. deer, leaf
D. deers, leafs
2 国人复数变化专项
1. I met some __________ in the park and talked with them the other day.
A. Japanese
B. American
C. Chineses
D. English
2. --- Excuse me, are you __________? --- Yes, I’m from __________.
A. Japan, Japanese
B. China, Chinese
C. England, English
D.American, America
3. A group of __________are talking with two__________ over there.
A. Frenchmen, Germans
B. Frenchmen, Germen
C. Frenchmen, German
D. Frenchmanes, Germans
4. Yesterday a few __________ came to visit some__________ in Shantou.
A. German, places of interest
B. Germans, places of interests
C. Germans, places of interest
D. Germen, places of interest。
5. Two __________ and five __________ are studying Chinese at Beijing University.
A. German, English
B. Germans, English
C. Germans, Englishmen
D. Germen, Englishmen 复合名词
1. The delicious dishes are cooked by __________.
A. women cookers
B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers
2. Julie went to the __________ to buy a pair of shoes.
A. shoes store
B. shoe’s store
C. shoe store
D. shoes’store
简单题 1. After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some ______ in the mall nearby. (08上海) A. furniture B. chair C. table D. shelf
2. We haven’t got much __________ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07上海)
A. apple
B. tomato
C. bread
D. biscuit
3. He knows __________ Chinese and has __________ Chinese friends.
A. much, many
B. many, much
C. much, much
D. many, many
4. I’m thirsty. I think I’ll buy some __________.
A. water
B. bread
C. eggs
D. apples
5. ---Would you like some __________? --Oh, yes, just（只）a little.
A. pears
B. oranges
C. milk
D. grapes
6. Look ! There are some __________on the floor.
A child
B boxes
C water
D girl 7. There are many __________ in the fridge.
A. fish
B. fruit
C. eggs
D. bread
8. Don’t hurry! We still have __________ time left.
A. little
B. few
C. a little
D. a few
中等题 1. Take some __________ to school. It’s so hot and you may feel thirsty.
A. meat
B. bread
C. juice
D. orange
2. We see many __________ and __________ on the hill.
A. horses; sheeps
B. horse; sheep
C. horses; sheep
D. horse, sheeps
4. ---Could I have something to eat? ---Sure. Here’s some .
A. chicken
B. tomatoes
C. orange
D. Potato
2. There are __________students playing in the playground.
A. a great deal of
B. a large amount of
C. a large quantity of
D. a number of
3. There is __________milk and __________apples in the fridge. Let’s get some.
A. little, a few
B. little, few
C. a little. few
D. few. a little
不可数名词简单题
1. I’ve read __________ sports news about the F1 race today.
A. two
B. pieces
C. two pieces
D. two pieces of
2. My teacher game me __________.
A. a good advice
B. some good advices
C. some good advice
D. good advices
3. Usually, young people have black __________ and old people have white __________.
A. hairs, ones
B. hair, one
C. hair, ones
D. hairs, one
4. Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn’t get __________.
A. much sleep
B. many sleeps
C. more sleep
D. most sleep
5. I think it is a wonderful __________.
A. work
B. information
C. idea
D. news
6. Have you found some __________ on the leaves?
A. drops of water
B. drops of waters
C. drops water
D. drop of waters
7. I want to buy __________.
A. two bottles of ink
B. two bottle of ink
C. two bottle of inks
D. two bottles of inks 中等题
1. How many __________ did you have for breakfast?
A. loaves of bread
B. loaves of breads
C. loafs of bread
D. loaf of bread
2. We are very happy with our __________ in our studies.
A. great progresses
B. great progress
C. many progress
D. lot of progress
3. Please pass me __________. I will correct them.
A. the test paper
B. some pieces of test paper
C. the test papers
D. some piece of test paper
4. I’d like to have a glass of milk and __________.
A. two breads
B. two pieces of breads
C. two pieces of bread
D. two piece of bread
5. He bought __________.
A. two pairs of shoes
B. two pair of shoes
C. two pairs of shoe
D. two pair of shoe
抽象名词具体化
1. They had __________ climbing up to the top of the hill.
A. good time
B. the good time
C. a good time
D. good times
2. She has given us __________.
A. a great help
B. many helps
C. a large number of help
D. a lot of help
3. I have to write __________, but I have __________ to write __________.
A. a paper, no paper, on
B. paper, no paper, with
Crying marriage? 31 (surprise), isn’t it? Factually, the custom of crying marriage existed a long time ago in many areas of Southwest China’s Sichuan Province, and 32 (remain) in fashion 33 the end of the Qing Dynasty. Though not so popular as before, the custom is still observed by people in many places, especially Tujia people, who view it as a 34 (necessary) to marriage procedure.
It is very much 35 same in different places of the province. According to elderly people, every bride had to cry at the wedding. 36 , the bride’s neighbors would look down upon 37 as a poorly cultivated girl and she would become the laughingstock of the village. In fact, there were cases 38 which the bride was beaten by her mother for not crying at the wedding ceremony.
In a word, crying at wedding is a 39 by custom to set off the happiness of the wedding through falsely sorrowful words. However, in the 40 (arrange) marriages of the old days of China, there were indeed quite a lot of brides who cried over their unsatisfactory marriage and even their miserable life.
高中名词从句练习100题和答案
高中名词从句练习 1. It was the hurricane ______ was called Katrina ______ destroyed the city of New Orleans. A. which; that B. what; which C. which; who D. that; which 2. _______we'll finish translating the book depends on the time. A. When B. Why C. What D. That 3. The view ____ many scientists hold is ____ too much emission of carbon dioxide is destructive. A．what; that B．that; which C．that; that D．which; which 4. The professor in the end decided to give the prize to________ command of English． A. who B. anyone C. whoever D. whomever 5.The little boy ate ________ his mother gave him. A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what 6.—Did you buy a dress yesterday? —No, _____ I liked the color, I didn’t like its style. A. as B. while C. if D. since 7.She asked ________. A. what I was doing when she rang me up B. what was I doing when she rang me up C. when she rang me up what I was doing D. when did she ring me up what I was doing 8.___ has a good education can apply for the job. A.Who B.Whoever C.Anyone D.Whoever 9. Some children want to challenge themselves by learning a language different from ______ their parents speak at home. A. what B. that C. which D. one 10.I suggest you choose_________you think is kind and friendly. A. whom B. who C. whoever D. whomever 11.Do you know ________ A. how many populations there are in the world B. how much population there is in the world C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is 12.“Meals on wheels” is a free service, ____ hot meals are delivered to elderly people who may not be able to move around very easily. A. that B. which C. where D. what 13.We all know the truth ________ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things. A. where B. wherever C. that D. that wherever 14.The reason_______he gave for being late was_______he forgot to use the alarm clock. A.which;because B.why;because C.which;that D.that;because 15._____ he wants to say is _____ great an effort he has made to help her out. A. That; how B. What; what C. What; how D. What; that 16.---What were you trying to prove to the police? ---___ I was last night. A.That B.When C.Where D.What 17.With the number of cars increasing rapidly in cities，a major problem is_____the cars can be parked．A．which B．that C．when D．where 18.Is it, in your opinion, possible __________ new measures will be taken to improve the terrible traffic? A. whether B. what C. when D. that 19.I just wonder ______ that makes him so excited.
护理学基础名词解释题-护理名词解释试题库
一、名词解释题 （1）非无菌区：未经过灭菌处理，或经过灭菌处理但又被污染的区域。 （2）弛热：体温在39℃以上，24h温差达1℃以上，体温最低时仍高于正常水平。 （3）新鲜血：在4℃常用抗凝保养液中保存一周的血液，它基本上保留了血液的各种原有成分。 （4）自然环境：是指环绕于人类周围的各种自然因素的总和。 （5）咽拭子标本：从咽部和扁桃体取的分泌物作细菌培养或病毒分离。 （6）护理记录：是指护理人员根据医嘱和病情对患者住院期间护理全过程的客观记录。 （7）库存血：指在4℃环境下保存2～3周的血液。 （8）临终：临终又称濒死，一般指由于疾病末期或意外事故造成人体主要器官的生理功能趋于衰竭，生命活动走向完结，死亡不可避免地将要发生的时候，可称为临终。 （9）安乐死：患不治之症的患者在濒死状态下，由于精神和躯体的极端痛苦，在本人及其亲属的要求下，经医生认可，停止救治或用人为方式使其无痛苦的快速死亡。我国尚未通过实行安乐死的立法。 （10）灌肠法：将一定量的溶液通过肛管，由肛门经直肠灌入结肠，帮助患者排出粪便、积存的气体或输入药物，达到诊断和治疗的目的。 （11）环境: 是指人类和动、植物赖以生存和发展的空间及外部条件。 （12）留置导尿术：在导尿后将导尿管保留在膀胱持续引流尿液的方法。 （13）分级护理:是指根据患者病情的轻重缓急，按护理程序的工作方法所制定的不同护理措施。 （14）传播途径：指病原微生物从感染源排出后侵入易感宿主的途径。 （15）脉搏短绌：在同一单位时间，脉率少于心率，又称绌脉。 （16）手术清点记录：是指巡回护理人员对手术患者术中所用血液、器械、敷料等的记录，应当在手术结束后即时完成。 （17）肠胀气：指胃肠道有过量气体积聚，不能排出。 （18）睡眠剥夺：指睡眠时间减少、质量降低及睡眠被频繁地打断。 （19）无尿：又称尿闭，24h尿量少于100ml为无尿。
英语名词专项练习题
英语名词练习题 1. I want to buy ________. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 2. They dont have to do _______ today. A. much homework B. many homeworks C. many homework D. much homeworks 3. The ______ of machine made us feel sick. A. voice B. noise C. sound D. noises 4. The blouse is made of ________. A. a wool B. these wood C. wools D. wool 5. There are three ______ and seven ______ in the picture. A. cows, sheeps B. cows, sheep C. cow, sheep D. cow, sheeps 6. June 1 is _______. A. childrens day B. childrens Day C. Childrens Day D. Childrens day 7. ______ room is next to their parents. A. Kates and Joans B. Kates and Joan C. Kate and Joans D. Kate and Joan 8. Miss Green is a friend of _______. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mary mothers D. mothers of Mary 9. Tom is ______. He will come to see me. A. my a friend B. a friend C. mine friend D. a friend of mine 10. Sheep _______ white and milk _______ also white. A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are 11. Id like to have a glass of milk and _______. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 12. Its a long ______ to Paris. Its two thousand kilometers. A. street B. road C. way D. end 13. Many ______ are singing over there. A. woman B. women C. girl D. child 14. He bought _______. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe
词语专项训练(答案)
【词语专项训练】 以下类型的词语各写4个。 1.ABB式的词语：亮晶晶、绿油油、胖乎乎、笑哈哈 2.AABB式的词语：明明白白、大大方方、红红火火、快快乐乐 3.ABAB式的词语：打扫打扫、研究研究、商量商量、讨论讨论 4. ABAC式的词语：大模大样、人山人海、各种各样、自言自语 5.AABC式的词语：落落大方、斤斤计较、洋洋得意、彬彬有礼 6.ABCC式的词语：喜气洋洋、秋风习习、北风呼呼、生机勃勃 7.带有数字的词语：十全十美、一心一意、一五一十、三言两语 8.带有颜色的词语：万古长青、青山绿水、白纸黑字、万紫千红 9.带有动物的词语：马到成功、车水马龙、九牛一毛、放虎归山 10.含有比喻的词语：面如土色、如花似玉、恩重如山、如鱼得水 11.含有夸张的词语：人山人海、惊天动地、一步登天、一字千金 12.含有拟人的词语：花枝招展、鸟语花香、春风得意、百花争艳 13.含有近义的词语：不知不觉、见多识广、千辛万苦、欢天喜地 14.含有反义的词语：大材小用、积少成多、声东击西、顶天立地 15.描写外貌的词语：白发苍苍、衣冠楚楚、眉清目秀、虎背熊腰 16.描写神态的词语：大惊失色、愁眉苦脸、神采飞扬、垂头丧气 17.描写心理的词语：心乱如麻、忐忑不安、忧心忡忡、心惊肉跳 18.描写声音的词语：叮叮咚咚、叽叽喳喳、滴滴答答、卜通卜通 19.描写春天的词语：春暖花开、春色满园、春光明媚、春回大地 20.描写夏天的词语：骄阳似火、烈日炎炎、烈日当空、汗流浃背 21.描写秋天的词语：秋高气爽、秋风习习、秋风送爽、秋色宜人 22.描写冬天的词语：冰天雪地、大雪纷飞、北风呼呼、白雪皑皑 23.含寓言故事的成语：坐井观天、井底之蛙、狐假虎威、自相矛盾 24.含历史故事的成语：纸上谈兵，三顾茅庐、望梅止渴、四面楚歌 25.含神话故事的成语：夸父逐日、女娲补天、嫦娥奔月、精卫填海 25. 描写人物品质的词语：拾金不昧、助人为乐、舍己为人、见义勇为 26. 八字成语：十年树木，百年树人千里之行，始于足下 前人栽树，后人乘凉君子一言，驷马难追
高中英语语法-名词练习题
一、基础练习 1、There are only twelve ______in the hospital.． A. woman doctors B.women doctors C.women doctor D.woman doctor 2、Mr Smith has two _______, both of whom are teachers in a school.． A.brothers-in-law B.brother-in-laws C.brothers-in-laws D.brothers-in law 3、——How many ______ does a cow have——Four. A.stomaches B.stomach C.stomachs D.stomachies 4、Some______visited our school last Wednesday.． A.German B.Germen C.Germans D.Germens 5、The_______ of the building are covered with lots of . A.roofs; leaves B.rooves; leafs C.roof; leaf D.roofs; leafs 6、When the farmer returned home he found three_______ missing.． A.sheeps B.sheepes C.sheep D.sheepies 7、That was a fifty_______ engine.． A.horse power B.horses power C.horse powers D.horses powers 8、My father often gives me ______ A.many advice B.much advice C.a lot of advices D.a few advice 9、Mary broke a ______while she was washing up. A.tea cup B.a cup of tea C.tea’s cup D.cup teas 10、Can you give us some ______ about the writer?． https://www.wendangku.net/doc/098706450.html,rmations https://www.wendangku.net/doc/098706450.html,rmation C.piece of informations D.pieces information 11、I had a cup of _____and two pieces of_____ this morning. A.teas; bread B.teas; breads C.tea; breads D.tea; bread 12、As is known to us all, ______ travels much faster than ______. A.lights; sounds B.light; sound C.sound; light D.sounds; lights 13、She told him of all her ___ and ____ A.hope; fear B.hopes; fear C.hopes; fears D.hope; fears 14、The rising _____have(has) a lot of ____to the crops. A.water; harm B.water; harms C.waters; harm D.waters; harms 15、How far away is it from here to your school?”----About ______ . A.half an hour”s driv e B.half hours drives C.half an hour drives D.half an hour drive 16、The shirt isn”t mine. It”s _____ . A.Mrs Smith B.Mrs” Smith C.Mrs Smiths’ D.Mrs Smith”s 17、Miss Johnson is a friend of _______. A.Mary’s mother B.Mary’s mothers’ C.Mary mother’s D.Mary’s mother’s 18、Last week I called at my _____Last week I called at my _____. A.aunt B.aunts C.aunt’s D.auntes’ 19、The beach is a ______throw. A.stone B.stones C.stones’ D.stone’s 20、I can hardly imagine ____sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
名词解释题
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【英语】英语名词专项训练及答案含解析
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2、度观察事物，注意积累描绘事物的词语：
想一想，练一练： （1）我们的祖国是伟大的、可爱的、你能写出20个描绘祖国大好山河的词语吗？ （2）按下列要求分项各写10个词语。 ①写人物外貌的： ②写人物神态的： ③写人物品质的：
④写欢乐场面的： ⑤写激烈竞赛的： ⑥写景物样子的： ⑦写景物颜色的： ⑧写景物动态的： （3）下面景物你会用哪些词语来描写？请分别写在横线上。 太阳： 星星： 云彩： 大雾： 细雨： 白雪： 北风： （4）按要求写词语，看谁写得多？ ①歌颂学校的词语： ②讲市场繁荣的词语： ③描写城市风光的词语： ④讲商店生意兴隆的词语： （5）你能写出下列动物的叫声吗？ 小狗（汪汪）青蛙（）小猫（）蝉儿（）小羊（）蟋蟀（）小鸡（）公鸡（）小鸭（）乌鸦（）
高中动名词专项练习题及答案
高中动名词专项练习题 及答案 -CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
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名词解释题库及答案
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高考英语名词专项练习
.高考英语短文改错及语法填空考点分析及训练·名词考点规律分析：短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题，即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。此外，还常考名词的所有格、名词与其他词类之间的转换等。语法填空主要考查名词的单复数以及名词与其他词类之间的转换。 名词单句改错之真题训练： 1. We stopped to rest for a while and to drink some waters from a stream. 2.We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. 3.There are branch library in many villages. 4.I hope that you two could come and visit us some times soon. 5.Today I visited the Smiths — my first time visit to an American family. 6. They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. 7. We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. 8. …and often watch football match on TV together. 9.Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! 10. She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. 11. I used to love science class — all of them— biology, chemistry, geography, physics. 12. They did not want me to do any work at family. 13. …so that I’ll get good mar ks in all my subject. 14.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful. 15. No one worries much about the radio program young people listen to. 16. Their word were a great encouragement to me. 17. You know, that was a dinner we had waited for several month.” 18. …but after class we become stranger at once. 19. You can find all kinds of information in just a few minute on the Internet. 20. Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby… 21. She was doing her homeworks one Sunday morning when… 22. Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well. 23..The airs we breathe is getting dirtier and dirtier. 名词单句改错之模拟训练： 1. Women live longer than men in most country. 2. The film is very interesting. I have seen it many time. 3. It’s said that all the ticket have been sold out. 4. The children spend a lot of times watching TV. 5. I met a lot of interesting peoples on holiday. 6. The flower in the park were all pleasing. 7. As the day went by, she became less anxious. 8. Computer are becoming more and more popular in the country. 9. It’s one of the most interesting book that I’ve ever read. 10. He made his first time visit to China when he was 18. 11.Hearing the news, the woman burst into tear. 12. He hasn’t lived here long, but he has a great many friend here. 13. I was afraid she would have left for family when I got there. 14. He’s getting marr ied next month and decides to buy some furnitures. 15. There’s a paper’s factory near our school. 名词单句改错之提升训练： A级 1. From then on, we became good friend and often played together. 2. Both Marx and Engels were Germen. 3.Did you take their advices yesterday? 4. Most of them are woman doctors. 5.We can have funs at the seaside this weekend. 6. There are four baskets of apple in that room. 7. This computer cost me eight thousands yuan. 8. Tom looks happy today. He’s got many good news from here. 9. This hat of my father is rather old. 10.He made many mistake in the exam because of carelessness.
词语解释练习
1.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①无动于衷．衷：内心 ②姗姗 ．．而去姗：人名 ③良辰．美景辰：时日 ④石矶西畔．问渔船畔：田地的界限 2.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①秉．笔直书秉：拿着，持 ②独揽．大权揽：把持 ③贪．生怕死贪：贪图，求多，不知足 ④黄四娘家花满蹊．蹊：小河 3.选出下列选项中加点字解释正确的一项（） ①屈．服屈：与“直”相反 ②衣衫褴褛 ．．褴褛：衣服破烂 ③颠倒是．非是：是不是 ④小扣柴扉．久不开扉：柴草 4.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①欲．言又止欲：想要 ②跃跃欲试．欲：将要 ③食欲．欲：欲望 ④欲．把西湖比西子欲：需要 5.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①先天失聪．聪：听觉灵敏 ②禁．锢禁：习惯上制止的事 ③不遗．余力遗：余，留 ④处处闻．啼鸟闻：听见 6.选出下列选项中加点字解释正确的一项（） ①经．久不衰经：经受，禁受 ②偃．旗息鼓偃：停止 ③束手无策．策：鞭打 ④独．怜幽草涧边生独：独自 7.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①欲速则．不达则：就 ②丰．碑丰：容貌、姿态美好 ③振耳发聩．聩：耳聋 ④风景旧曾谙．谙：熟悉 8.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①日新月异．异：不同的 ②干涸．涸：水干
③融洽相处．处：跟别人一起生活，交往 ④千门万户曈曈 ．．日曈曈日：高兴的日子 9.选出下列选项中加点字解释正确的一项（） ①大漠孤．烟直孤：一种燃料 ②日夜兼．程兼：多方面 ③丝绸之．路之：的 ④拘束．束：结束 10.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①饱览．览：看，阅 ②危在旦．夕旦：早晨 ③至．高无上至：到 ④白日依山尽．尽：完毕 11.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①数不胜．数胜：尽 ②崇．山峻岭崇：尊敬 ③钩．以写龙写：画 ④红星乱．紫烟乱：四处飞溅 12.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①五．色无主色：颜色 ②锣鼓喧．天喧：声音杂乱 ③奇．光异彩异：特别的 ④独．怜幽草涧边生独：特别 13.选出下列选项中加点字解释正确的一项（） ①步履．履：脚步 ②索．然无味索：讨取，要 ③一知半解．解：解决 ④岐王宅里寻．常见寻：寻找 14.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①训练有素．素：平常 ②转瞬即．逝即：就 ③善良淳厚．厚：与“薄”相反 ④此．曲只应天上有此：这 15.选出下列选项中加点字解释不正确的一项（） ①疲劳顿．消顿：忽然 ②远渡重．洋重：重复，再 ③络绎不绝．绝：断 ④白日放歌须纵．酒纵：任性地 16.选出下列选项中加点字解释正确的一项（）