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2014年广西普通高中学业水平考试真题(word版)

2014年广西普通高中学业水平考试真题(word版)
2014年广西普通高中学业水平考试真题(word版)

2014年12月广西壮族自治区普通高中学业水平考试

地理

(全卷满分100分,考试时间90分钟)

注意事项:

1.答题前,考生务必将姓名、座位号、考籍号填写在试卷和答题卡上。

2.考生作答时,请在答题卡上作答(答题注意事项见答题卡),在本试题上作答无效。

一、单项选择题(本大题共35小题,每小题2分,共70分。在每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一项符合题目要求。错选、多选或未选均不得分。温馨提示:请在答题卡上作答,在本试题上作答无效。)

1.“太阳大,地球小,太阳带着地球跑”这句童谣所指的天体系统是

A.总星系

B.太阳系

C.银河系

D.河外星系

2.图1为大气受热过程示意图。低层大气的

热量直接来源于

A.①

B.②

C.③

D.④

3.古诗云:“才从塞北踏雪,又向江南看杏花。”

造成塞北与江南景观差异的自然要素是

A.气候

B.植被

C.地形

D.河流

4. 普通服装厂工业布局的主导因素是

A.技术

B.市场

C.原料

D.劳动力

5.我国境内沿40°N纬线从东向西出现“森林-草原-荒漠”自然景观的变化,体现了

A.垂直地带性分异规律

B.地带性(非地带性)规律

C.从沿海向内陆(经度)的地域分异规律

D. 从赤道向两极(纬度)的地域分异规律

6.图2为黄果树瀑布景观示意图,该图示意

的地球圈层有

A.1个

B.2个

C.3个

D.4个

7.有利于环境可持续发展的生产生活方式是

A.使用一次性餐具

B.购物使用塑料袋

C.分类回收、处理垃圾

D.大量使用矿产资源

8.冷空气侵入造成24小时内降温10℃以上,且最低气温在5℃一下,称为寒潮。寒潮严重危害我国农作物的季节是

A.夏秋之交

B.盛夏时节

C.隆冬季节

D.秋末、春初

9.黄梅戏《天仙配》中的歌词“你耕田来我织布,我挑水来你浇园”所描述的生产方式多出现在

A.采猎文明时期

B.农业文明时期

C.工业文明时期

D.后工业文明时期图3为我国南方某区域聚落分布示意图,回答10~11题。

10.图中沿河流分布的a、b、c、d四个聚落,最有可能发展成为大城市的是

A.a

B.b

C.c

D.d

11.为发展地区经济,计划修建连接a、b两地的公路。图中修建难度较小,成本较低的选线方案是

A.①

B.②

C.③

D.④

12.我国干旱、半干旱地区发展种植业的制约因素是

A.光照

B.热量

C.土壤

D.水源

13.图4为局部天气系统示意图(单位hPa),图中锋面是

A.北半球暖锋

B.北半球冷锋

C.南半球暖锋

D.南半球冷锋

14.与发达国家相比,中国的城市化

A.速度快

B.水平高

C.起步早

D.普遍出现逆城市化

15.市中心的城市功能用地主要是

A.住宅用地

B.工业用地

C.文化用地

D.商业用地

16.素有“欧洲粮仓”之称的乌克兰在1992-2007年期间,耕地总量减少,但人均耕地增加。由此说明该国这一时期

A.人口数量减少

B.粮食单产提高

C.土壤质量下降

D.城市化水平提高

17.地壳物质经过外力作用形成的岩石是

A.侵入岩

B.喷出岩

C.沉积岩

D.变质岩

18.图5漫画反映的环境问题是

A.大气污染

B.水污染

C.土壤污染

D.噪声污染

19.广西境内的红水河流域已先后建成岩滩、天生桥、百龙滩等梯级水电站,其水电梯级开发的有利自然条件是

A.径流量小,汛期较短

B.地质复杂,断层多

C.地形起伏,河流落差大

D.河面宽广,水流缓慢

20.2014年11月22日,四川康定发生6.3级地震。为尽快获取地震影响范围和破坏程度的影像资料,宜选用

A.遥感技术

B.数字地球

C.地理信息系统

D.全球定位系统

21.据观测,珠穆朗玛峰的终年积雪在逐渐减少,其主要原因是

A.干旱程度加剧

B.全球气候变暖

C.生活需水量增大

D.旅游活动破坏

22.图6为北太平洋中低纬度海区的洋流示意图,有关洋流性质的正确判断是

A.①是寒流

B.②是暖流

C.③是寒流

D.④是暖流

23.下列做法体现可持续发展公平性的是

A.各国保持现有的人口规模

B.世界各国共同开发热带雨林

C.子孙后代共享资源和环境

D.国际合作解决大气污染问题

24.下表为2013年甲、乙两国水资源利用状况表,与乙国相比,甲国

A.农业用水效率高

B.居民用水浪费严重

C.工业水重复利用率高

D.单位工业产值用水量少

25.阿根廷潘帕斯草原大牧场放牧业的特点是

A.科技投入少

B.劳动力投入多

C.畜产品商品率高

D.专业化程度低

26.图7为某城区范围变化示意图,70年代后该城区向东北扩展的主要原因是

A.铁路的修建

B.人口分布的改变

C.矿产资源的开发

D.环境污染的影响

27.近年来,广西承接了珠江三角洲部分产业转移。广西承接产业转移的突出优势是

A.交通便利,市场广阔

B.原料充足,煤炭丰富

C.劳动力丰富,土地成本低

D.位置优越,技术水平高

28.西北地区民谣“一年开草场,二年打点粮,三年五年变沙梁”所描述的生产方式会导致

A.土地生产力下降

B.洪涝灾害频发

C.臭氧层空洞扩大

D.伏旱天气增多

29.图8为某季节气压带、风带位置示意图。该季节北纬

30°~40°大陆西岸的气候特点是

A.炎热干燥

B.温和多雨

C.高温多雨

D.寒冷少雨

30.我国实施“西气东输”工程的主要原因是

A.促进东部资源优势转化为经济优势

B.从根本上解决东部地区能源短缺问题

C.缓解能源生产与消费地区不平衡的矛盾

D.改变东部地区以煤炭为主的能源消费地位

31.我国传统民居,北方的墙体严实厚重,南方的墙体轻薄。造成这一差异的主要因素是

A.风俗习惯

B.气温条件

C.生产方式

D.建筑材料

32.据统计,2013年中国网络购物交易额达1.84万亿元,较前一年增长39.4%。这种网络购物能实现商品的快速传递,主要得益于

A.现代娱乐业

B.现代旅游业

C.现代物流配送业

D.现代金融业

图9为某企业集团生态产业园区的生产联系示意图。据此回答33-34题。

33.图中生态产业园区反映了

A.产业之间无物质循环

B.企业集聚避免了市场的竞争

C.企业之间形成生产上的联系

D.技术协作带来了企业的集聚

34.该产业园的核心企业是

A.酿酒厂

B.发电厂

C.纸浆厂

D.制糖厂

35.下列城市的服务范围大小排列正确的是

A.省会城市>地级市>县级市

B.省会城市>县级市>地级市

C.地级市>县级市>省会城市

D.县级市>省会城市>地级市

二、综合题(本大题共5小题,共30分。)

36.读我国南方某地质、地貌示意图(图10),完成下列各题。(6分)

图9

(1)图中地质构造主要有背斜、向斜、断层,其中甲处为___________,乙处为_________。

(2)图中丙处为喀斯特地貌,主要受流水_____________作用形成,此景观主要分布在云南、贵州、___________、广东等省区。

(3)图中良好的储水构造是__________处,大型铁路工程建设应避开______________处。

37.读某日太阳光照示意图(图11),完成下列各题。

(1)图中太阳直射的纬线是______________,此日全球昼夜长短状况是______________________________。

(2)图中①、②、③三地中,地方时为正午12时的是________地,水平运动的舞台向左偏的是___________地。

(3)该图所示日期过后,若广西各地白昼逐渐变短、黑夜逐渐变长,则太阳直射点向________________(方向)移动,广西各地学校的旗杆正午影子变______________。

38.读图12和图13,完成下列各题。(5分)

(1)目前,我国人口增长模式是图12中的__________(填序号)模式。

(2)图13中,吸引农村人口迁往城市的有利条件是_______、________(填字母)。(3)近十几年来,从全国来看,我国属于人口的________(填“迁入”或“迁出”)地;广西作为我国跨省流动人口的主要省区之一,农村人口主要流向的邻省是___________。

39.图14为美国部分农作物分布图,玉米主要分布在A地区,蔬菜、花卉主要分布在B地区,B地区的蔬菜、花卉大量销往东北五大湖区。读图完成下列各题。

(6分)

(1)图中A地区的农业地域类型为______________________,粮食商品率___________(填“高”或“低”)。

(2)图中A 地区种植玉米的优势自然条件是_____________________________、________________________________________。

(3)简述图中B地区的蔬菜、花卉大量销往东北五大湖区的有利社会经济条件。

40.阅读材料,完成下列各题。(7分)

材料一:鲁尔工业区形成于19世纪上半叶,位于德国西部莱茵河支流鲁尔河与利珀河之间的地区,依靠丰富的煤炭资源和邻国的铁矿石,发展成为世界著名的工业区。20世纪60年代后,鲁尔工业区在工业结构、生产技术、资源利用和环境保护等方面实施了综合整治,现成为社会经济结构协调、环境优美的地区。

材料二:山西是我国传统的煤炭工业基地,近些年来,在发展过程中出现了资源与环境问题,现正在进行综合整治。

(1)19世纪上半叶,鲁尔区依托资源形成的主要工业部门是________________、_______________________________。

(2)鲁尔工业区形成的主要区位条件是__________________________________、_______________________________。

(3)运用所学知识,结合以上材料,请你为山西煤炭基地的综合整治提出合理化建议。

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第二部分阅读技能(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共12小题;每小题2分,满分24分) 21. How long will the exhibition last A. Five days. B. Seven days. C. Nine days. D. Eleven days.

22. What will you get for free every day if you’r e among the first 500 A. A magazine. B. A ticket for a magic show. C. A great bargain. D. A chance to join in games. 23. If you come with your family at 3 ., you’ll enjoy the programme________. A. Games and Quizzes. B. Lucky Draw C. Drama on Fun with jokes D. Story Telling 24. For more information about the exhibition, you can_______. A. call the organizer B. write to the company C. visit the website D. e-mail the publisher B Chen Zijiang is a paper-cutting expert whom I interviewed for my article on Chinese Art. Paper-cutting is something that he learned to do from an early age. “It is a Chinese folk art with a long history,” Mr. Chen told me, “Paper cuts of animals have been found in tombs which date back to the time of the Northern and Southern Dynasty!”He added that by the Southern Song Dynasty, paper-cutting had become an important part of everyday life. Mr. Chen went on to explain that there are three types of paper cuts which people still make today: paper cuts for decoration, for religious purposes and for design patterns. Paper cuts used for decoration are often seen on windows and gates. They are often put up during holidays to bring good luck. They are also used on presents. For example, a present for parents whose child has recently been born might show a paper cut of children. Paper cuts which show the Chinese character for double happiness are often used to celebrate

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