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宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)

宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)
宏观经济学期末考试试卷(附答案)

一、[请单击此处编辑题目] (每小题分,共

分)

一、选择题(本题包含30小题,每题?分,共?分)

1.Real GDP

a. evaluates current production at current prices.

b. evaluates current production at the prices that prevailed in some specific year in

the past.

c. is not a valid measure of the economy's performance, since prices change from year

to year.

d. is a measure of the value of goods only, hence, it excludes the value of services.

2.The steps involved in calculating the consumer price index include, in order:

a. choose a base year, fix the basket, compute the inflation rate, compute the basket's

cost, and compute the index.

b. choose a base year, find the prices, fix the basket, compute the basket's cost, and

compute the index.

c. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the basket's cost, choose a base year and

compute the index.

d. fix the basket, find the prices, compute the inflation rate, choose a base year and

compute the index.

3.Suppose the price of a quart of milk rises from $1 to $1.25 and the price of a T-shirt rises from $8 to $10. If the CPI rises from 150 to 175 people will likely buy

a. more milk and more T-shirts.

b. more milk and fewer T-shirts.

c. less milk and more T-shirts.

d. less milk and fewer T-shirts.

4.Which of the following is correct?

a. Countries with the highest growth rates over the last 100 years are the ones that

had the highest level of real GDP 100 years ago.

b. Most countries have had little fluctuation around their average growth rates

during the past 100 years.

c. The ranking of countries by income changes substantially over time.

d. Over the last 100 years, Japan had the highest real GDP growth rate, and now has the highest real GDP

per person.

5.Using the production function and notation in the text, K/L measures

a. natural resources per worker.

b. human capital per worker.

c. output per worker.

d. physical capital per worker.

6.Index funds

a. typically have about the same rate of return as more actively managed funds.

b. typically have lower rates of return than more actively managed funds.

c. contain the stocks and bonds from a single Standard Index Classification of industry.

d. typically have higher rates of return than more actively managed funds.

7.In a closed economy, national saving equals

a. investment.

b. income minus the sum of consumption and government expenditures.

c. private saving plus public saving.

d. All of the above are correct.

8.At which interest rate is the present value of $162.24 two years from today equal to $150 today?

a. 4 percent

b. 5 percent

c. 6 percent

d. None of the above are correct to the nearest penny.

9.Which of the following is incorrect?

a. Frictional unemployment is inevitable in a dynamic economy.

b. Although the unemployment created by sectoral shifts is unfortunate, in the long run such changes lead

to higher productivity and higher living standards.

c. At least 10 percent of U.S. manufacturing jobs are destroyed every year.

d. In a typical month more than 5 percent of workers leave their jobs.

10.Use the balance sheet for the following question.

Last Bank of Cedar Bend

Assets Liabilities

Reserves $25,000 Deposits $150,000

Loans $125,000

If the reserve requirement is 10 percent, this bank

a. is in a position to make a new loan of $15,000.

b. has less reserves than required.

c. has excess reserves of less than $15,000.

d. None of the above are correct.

11.Which of the following lists ranks the Fed's monetary policy tools from most to least frequently used?

a. discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes, open market transactions

b. reserve requirement changes, open market transactions, discount rate changes

c. open market transactions, discount rate changes, reserve requirement changes

d. None of the above lists ranks the tools correctly.

12.A decrease in the money supply creates an excess

a. supply of money that is eliminated by rising prices.

b. supply of money that is eliminated by falling prices.

c. demand for money that is eliminated by rising prices.

d. demand for money that is eliminated by falling prices.

13.Given a nominal interest rate of 6 percent, in which case would you earn the lowest after-tax real rate of interest?

a. Inflation is 4 percent; the tax rate is 25 percent.

b. Inflation is 3 percent; the tax rate is 20 percent.

c. Inflation is 2 percent; the tax rate is 15 percent.

d. The after-tax real interest rate is the same for all of the abov

e.

14.In recent years, U.S. net capital outflow was

a. positive and net exports were negative.

b. positive and net exports were positive.

c. negative and net exports were negative.

d. negative and net exports were positiv

e.

15.If a country has business opportunities that are relatively attractive to other countries, we would expect it to have

a. both positive net exports and positive net capital outflow.

b. both negative net exports and negative net capital outflow.

c. positive net exports and negative net capital outflow.

d. negative net exports and positive net capital outflow.

16.On behalf of your firm, you make frequent trips to Hong Kong. You notice that you always have to pay more dollars to get enough local currency to get your hair styled than you have to pay to get your hair styled in the United States. This is

a. inconsistent with purchasing-power parity, but might be explained by limited opportunities for

arbitrage in hairstyling across international borders.

b. consistent with purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising more rapidly than prices in

the United States.

c. consistent with purchasing-power parity if prices in Hong Kong are rising less rapidly than prices in the

United States.

d. None of the above is correct.

17.Ceteris paribus, if the Canadian real interest rate were to increase, Canadian net capital outflow

a. and net capital outflow of other countries would rise.

b. and net capital outflow of other countries would fall.

c. would rise, while net capital outflow of other countries would fall.

d. would fall, while net capital outflow of other countries would ris

e.

18.If a government increases its budget deficit, then the real exchange rate

a. and domestic investment rise.

b. and domestic investment fall.

c. rises and domestic investment falls.

d. falls and domestic investment rises.

19.Which of the following is the correct way to show the effects of a new import quota?

a. shift the demand for loanable funds right, the supply of dollars for foreign exchange right, and the

demand for dollars left

b. shift the demand for loanable funds right, and the supply of dollars for foreign exchange left

c. shift the demand for dollars for foreign exchange left

d. None of the above is correct.

20.A large and sudden movement of funds out of a country is called

a. arbitrage.

b. capital flight.

c. crowding out.

d. capital mobility.

21.Aggregate demand shifts right when the government

a. raises personal income taxes.

b. increases the money supply.

c. repeals an investment tax credit.

d. All of the above are correct.

22.If people want to save more for retirement

a. or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts right.

b. or if the government raises taxes, aggregate demand shifts left.

c. aggregate demand shifts right. If the government raises taxes, aggregate demand

shifts left.

d. aggregate demand shifts left. If the government raises taxes, aggregate demand

shifts right.

23.n the mid-1970s the price of oil rose dramatically. This

a. shifted aggregate supply left.

b. caused U.S. prices to fall.

c. was the consequence of OPEC increasing oil production.

d. All of the above are correct.

24.Liquidity refers to

a. the relation between the price and interest rate of an asset.

b. the risk of an asset relative to its selling price.

c. the ease with which an asset is converted into a medium of exchange.

d. the sensitivity of investment spending to changes in the interest rat

e. 25.When the interest rate increases, the opportunity cost of holding money

a. increases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.

b. increases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.

c. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded increases.

d. decreases, so the quantity of money demanded decreases.

26.Which of the following properly describes the interest rate effect?

a. As the money supply increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.

b. As the money supply increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.

c. As the price level increases, the interest rate falls, so spending rises.

d. As the price level increases, the interest rate rises, so spending falls.

27.An increase in government spending initially and primarily shifts

a. aggregate demand right.

b. aggregate demand left.

c. aggregate supply right.

d. neither aggregate demand nor aggregate supply.

28.The reduction in demand that results when a fiscal expansion raises the interest rate is called the

a. multiplier effect.

b. crowding-out effect.

c. accelerator effect.

d. Riccardian equivalence effect.

29.One determinant of the natural rate of unemployment is the

a. rate of growth of the money supply.

b. minimum wage rate.

c. expected inflation rate.

d. All of the above are correct.

30.An increase in the expected rate of inflation shifts

a. only the short-run Phillips curve right.

b. only the short-run Phillips curve left.

c. both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the right.

d. both the short-run and long-run Phillips curves to the left.

二、判断题(本题包含20小题,每题?分,共?分)

T 31.If nominal GDP is 10,000 and real GDP is 8,000 the GDP deflator is 125.

F 32.International data on the history of real GDP growth rates shows that the rich countries

get richer and the poor countries get poorer.

T 33.One of the reasons that African countries may have grown slower than other countries is that many have high barriers to trade.

F 34.When the U.S. government is in debt, it follows that they have a deficit.

F 35.The future value of $1 saved today is $1/(1 + r).

T 36.The market for insurance is one example of reducing risk by using diversification.

F 37.Someone who is without work but is not looking for work would be counted as

unemployed by the BLS.

T 38.Union workers earn about 10 percent to 20 percent more than similar workers who do not belong to unions.

F 39.Because of the multiple tools at its disposal, the Fed is precise in its control of the

money supply.

T 40.Inflation distorts savings because people pay taxes on their nominal rather than their real interest income.

T 41.In an open economy, U.S. national savings can be less than U.S. investment.

F 42.If the real interest rate were above the equilibrium rate, there would be a shortage of

loanable funds.

T 43.Although trade policies do not affect a country's overall trade balance, they do affect specific firms and industries.

T 44.When output rises, unemployment falls.

F 45.The explanations for the slopes of the aggregate demand and aggregate supply curves

are the same as the explanations for the slope of demand and supply curves for

specific goods and services.T 46.A decrease in the price level makes consumers feel wealthier, so they purchase more. This logic helps explain why the aggregate demand curve slopes downward.

T 47.In liquidity preference theory, an increase in the interest rate decreases the quantity of money demanded, but does not shift the money demand curve.

T 48.In principle the government could increase the money supply or government expenditures to try to offset the effects of a wave of pessimism about the future of the economy.

F 49.In the long run, the natural rate of unemployment depends primarily on the growth rate of the money

supply.

F 50.A policy change that reduced the natural rate of unemployment would shift both the long-run

aggregate-supply curve and the long-run Phillips curve left.

三、名词解释(本题包含5小题,每题?分,共?分)

51.human capital:

52.exports:

53.trade policy:

54.aggregate-demand curve:

55.crowding-out effect:

四、简答题(本题包含8小题,每题?分,共?分)

56.Why is productivity related to the standard of living? In your answer be sure to explain what productivity and standard of living mean. Make a list of things that determine labor productivity.

57.Draw and label a graph showing equilibrium in the market for loanable funds.

58.Founders of the Federal Reserve were concerned that the Fed might form policy favorable to one part of the country or to a particular party. What are some ways that the organization of the Fed reflects such

concerns?

59.Suppose that monetary neutrality holds. Of the following variables, which ones do not change when the money supply increases?

a. real interest rates

b. inflation

c. the price level

d. real output

e. real wages

f. nominal wages

60.The long-run trend in real GDP is upward. How is this possible given business cycles?

What explains the upward trend?

61.Discuss what economists believe is different about the long and short run.

62.Suppose that consumers become pessimistic about the future health of the economy, and

so cut back on their consumption spending. What will happen to aggregate demand

and to output? What might the president and Congress have to do to keep output

stable?

63.Why and in what way are fiscal policy lags different from monetary policy lags?

参考答案

1.b

2.c

3.d

4.c

5.d

6.d

7.d

8.a

9.d 10.c 11.c 12.d 13.a 14.c 15.b 16.a 17.d 18.c 19.d 20.b 21.b 22.b 23.a 24.c

25.b 26.d 27.a 28.b 29.b 30.a

31.T 32.F 33.T 34.F 35.F 36.T 37.F 38.T 39.F 40.T 41.T 42.F 43.T 44.T 45.F 46.T 47.T 48.T 49.F 50.F

51.the knowledge and skills that workers acquire through education, training, and experience.

52.goods and services that are produced domestically and sold abroad.

53.a government policy that directly influences the quantity of goods and services that

a country imports or exports.

54.a curve that shows the quantity of goods and services that households, firms, and the government want to buy at each price level.

55.the offset in aggregate demand that results when expansionary fiscal policy raises the interest rate and thereby reduces investment spending.

56.The standard of living is a measure of how well people live. Income per person is an

important dimension of the standard of living and is positively correlated with other things such as nutrition and life expectancy that make people better off. Productivity measures how much people can produce in an hour. As productivity increases, people can produce more (and use less to produce the same amount) and so their standard of living increases.

The factors that determine labor productivity include the amounts of physical capital (equipment and structures), human capital (knowledge and skills), and natural resources available to workers, as well as the state of technological knowledge in

society.

57.Market for Loanable Funds

58. 1. The president appoints the Board of Governors, but the Senate must approve them.

2. The seven members of the Board of Governors serve 14-year terms, so it is unlikely

that a single president will have appointed most of them.

3. The Federal Reserve has 12 regional banks.

4. The presidents of the regional banks serve on the FOMC on a rotating basis. 59. a. real interest rates

d. real output

d. real wages

60.There are occasional short-lived periods of negative real GDP growth. However, in most years real GDP increases. The years of increase are more frequent and the increases large enough that over long periods of time real GDP increases despite the occasional declines. The long-run upward trend in real GDP is due to increases in the labor force and capital stock, and advances in technological knowledge.

61.Most economists believe that in the long run, real variables are not affected by nominal variables. So, for

example, changes in the money supply do not change real variables in the long run. However, most

economists believe that nominal variables to do change real variables in the short run.

62.As consumers become pessimistic about the future of the economy, they cut their expenditures so that

aggregate demand shifts left and output falls. The president and Congress could adjust fiscal policy to increase aggregate demand. They could either increase government spending, or cut taxes, or both.

63.The fiscal policy lags are mostly a matter of waiting to implement the policy. By the time the president and

Congress can agree to and pass legislation changing expenditures or taxes, the recession may have ended.

The Federal Reserve can act to change the money supply quickly, but it may take some time before the effects of an increase in the money supply work their way through the economy.

《曼昆—宏观经济学》 重点总结

第23章一国收入得衡量—GDP 微观经济学(microeconomics)研究个别家庭与企业如何做出决策,以及它们如何在市场上相互交易。宏观经济学(macroeconomics)研究整个经济,包括通货膨胀、失业率与经济增长。 一GDP 1 定义:国内生产总值(grossdomestic product,GDP) 就是在某一既定时期一个国家内生产得所有最终物品与劳务得市场价值。 2组成:GDP(用Y代表)被分为四个组成部分:消费(C)、投资(I)、政府购买(G)、净出口(NX): Y = C + I +G +NX 3 实际GDP与名义GDP:实际GDP=名义GDP-通货膨胀率,衡量得就是生产得变动,而不就是物价得变动。 4 GDP平减指数: ,就是经济学家用来检测经济平均物价水平,从而监测通货膨胀率得一个重要指标。(GDPdeflator) 5 GDP与经济福利: ?由于GDP用市场价格来评价物品与劳务,它就没有把几乎所有在市场之外进行得活动得价值包括进来,特别就是,GDP漏掉了在家庭中生产得物品与劳务得价值。 ?GDP没有包括得另一种东西就是环境质量。 ?GDP也没有涉及收入分配。 二衡量收入得其她指标: ?国民生产总值(GNP):就是一国永久居民(称为国民)所赚到得总收入。它与GDP得不同之处在于:它包括本国公民在国外赚到得收入,而不包括外国人在本国赚到得收入。 ?国民生产净值(NNP):就是一国居民得总收入(GNP)减折旧得消耗. ?国民收入、个人收入、个人可支配收入 第24章生活费用得衡量—CPI 一CPI 1定义:消费物价指数(consumer price index,CPI)就是普通消费者所购买得物品与劳务得总费用得衡量标准 2 计算:定义篮子→找出价格→计算费用→选择基年并计算指数→计算通货膨胀率 消费者物价指数=*100 3 衡量生活费用过程中存在得问题 替代倾向 新产品得引进

宏观经济学试题及答案99694

宏观经济学B卷答案 一、名词解释(10分每小题2分) 1GNP:国民生产总值。某国身份家的公民在一定时期内运用生产要素所能生产的全部最终产品的市场价值。 2、税收乘数:税收增加一个单位所引起的均衡国民收入增加的倍数。 3、货币流动偏好:由于货币具有使用上的灵活性人们宁肯牺牲利息收入来保持财富的心理倾向。 4、LM曲线:货币市场均衡时L m =,此时反映利率r和国民收入y之间对应关系的曲线。 5、扩张性的货币政策:货币当局通过改变货币供给m或利率r等金融杠杆进而使国民收入增加的政策。 二、单项选择(20分每小题2分) 1——5 DDADB 6——10 BBABC 三、简答题(20分每小题5分) 1、在其他条件不变的前提下,如果国家增加政府转移支付,IS曲线将如何移动, 请画图分析并说明理由。 答:在三部门经济中,IS曲线为 1 e g t tr r y d d αβββ ++-+- =-,当其他条 件不变,政府转移支付tr增加时,纵截距 e g t tr d αββ ++-+ 增大,斜率不变, 所以IS曲线向右上方平移。 2、什么是汇率?汇率有几种标价法?并举例说明。 答:汇率是一国货币交换另一国货币的比率。有直接标价法和间接标价法。直接标价法如:1美元=6.19人民币;间接标价法如:1人民币=1/6.19美元。 3、宏观经济政策目标是什么?为达到这些目标可采用的政策工具有哪些? 宏观经济政策目标包括充分就业、物价稳定、经济增长和国际收支平衡。工具有财政政策和货币政策。财政政策又包括扩张性的财政政策和紧缩性的财政政策。货币政策又包括扩张性的货币政策和紧缩性的货币政策。

南京财经大学宏观经济学期末考试题库

宏观经济学期末考试题库 一、填空题:在题目中的空格上填入正确答案(每一空格1分,共12分) 1.宏观经济学的中心理论是国民收入决定理论。 1.宏观经济学要解决的解决问题是资源利用问题。 2.国内生产总值(GDP)是指一个国家领土内在一定时期内所生产的全部最终产品和劳务的市场价值。 2.国民生产总值(GNP)是指一国在某一给定时期内所生产全部最终产品和劳务的市场价值。。 3边际消费倾向是指消费增量和收入增量之比,它表示每增加一个单位的收入时消费的变动情况。 3.乘数是指自发总需求的增加所引起的国民收入增加的倍数,在二部门模型中乘数的大小取决于边际消费倾向。 4.货币的交易需求和预防需求与国民收入成同方向变动。 4货币的投机需求与利率成反方向变动。 5.IS曲线是描述产品市场上实现均衡时,利率与国民收入之间关系的曲线。 5.LM曲线是描述货币市场上实现均衡时,利率与国民收入之间关系的曲线。 6.总需求曲线是描述产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时,价格水平与国民收入间依存关系的曲线。它是一条向右下倾斜的曲线。 6.总需求曲线是描述产品市场和货币市场同时达到均衡时,价格水平与国民收入之间依存关系的曲线。它是一条向右下倾斜的曲线。 7.当就业人数为1600万,失业人数为100万时,失业率为5.9%。 7.若价格水平1970年为80,1980年为100,则70年代的通货膨胀率为25%。 8.经济周期的中心是国民收入的波动。 8.经济周期是指资本主义市场经济生产和再生产过程中出现的周期性出现的经济扩张与经济衰退交替更迭循环往复的一种现象。 9.针对单纯经济增长造成的问题,罗马俱乐部的第一个报告麦都斯的《增长的极限》提

曼昆 宏观经济学 练习题及答案

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6.实际GDP等于(B)。 A.价格水平/名义GDP; B.名义GDP/价格水平×100; C.名义GDP乘以价格水平; D.价格水平乘以潜在GDP。 7.下列各项中属于流量的是(A)。 A.国内生产总值; B.国民债务; C.现有住房数量; D.失业人数。 8.存量是(A)。 A.某个时点现存的经济量值; B.某个时点上的流动价值; C.流量的固体等价物; D.某个时期内发生的经济量值。 9. 下列各项中哪一个属于存量?(C)。 A. 国内生产总值; B. 投资; C. 失业人数; D. 人均收入。 10.古典宏观经济理论认为,利息率的灵活性使得(B)。 A.储蓄大于投资; B.储蓄等于投资; C.储蓄小于投资; D.上述情况均可能存在。

11.古典宏观经济理论认为,实现充分就业的原因是(C)。 A.政府管制; B.名义工资刚性; C.名义工资灵活性; D.货币供给适度。 12.根据古典宏观经济理论,价格水平降低导致下述哪一变量减少(C)。 A.产出; B.就业; C.名义工资; D.实际工资。 13.在凯恩斯看来,造成资本主义经济萧条的根源是(A)。 A.有效需求不足; B.资源短缺; C.技术落后; D.微观效率低下。 14.下列各项中不是流量指标的是(D) A.消费支出; B.PDI; C.GDP; D.个人财富。 15.在国民收入核算账户中,下列各项中除了哪一项外均计入投资需求(D)。 A.厂商购买新的厂房和设备的支出; B.居民购买新住房的支出; C.厂商产品存货的增加; D.居民购买股票的支出。

宏观经济学期末考试试题

一、单项选择题。(本大题共30小题,每小题1分,共30分) 1、一国某年的名义GDP为1500亿美元,当年的实际GDP为1200元,则GDP平减指数等于() A、125﹪ B、150 ﹪C、100﹪D、180﹪ 2、假如某国目前的均衡国民收入为5500亿元,若政府要把国民收入提高到6000亿元,在边际消费倾向等于90﹪的条件下,应增加投资() A、50亿元 B、500亿元 C、450亿元 D、540亿元 3、IS曲线上的每一点都表示使() A、投资等于储蓄的收入和利率的组合 B、投资等于储蓄的均衡的货币量 C、货币需求等于货币供给均衡的货币量 D、产品市场和货币市场同时均衡的收入 4、引起IS曲线右移的原因有() A、政府消减国防开支 B、对未来利润预期变得悲观 C、实际货币需求大于供给 D、其他国家实际国民生产总值增加 5、在IS不变的情况下,货币减少会引起() A、y增加,r上升 B、y增加,r下降 C、y减少,r上升 D、y减少,r下降 6、若支出乘数为2,自发投资支出增加10亿美元,会使IS曲线()亿美元 A、左移10 B、右移10 C、左移20 D、右移20 7、()将导致LM曲线向右移 A、交易货币需求减少 B、投机货币需求增加 C、货币供给增加 D、货币供给减少 8、税收增加将使(),利率(),收入() A、IS曲线右移提高提高 B、IS曲线左移降低降低 C、IS曲线右移降低提高 D、LM曲线右移降低提高 9、在凯恩斯区域内() A、货币政策有效 B、财政政策有效 C、财政政策无效 D、货币政策和财政政策同样有效 10、反周期波动的财政政策为经济()时应()政府开支,()税收 A、衰退增加消减 B、高涨增加消减 C、高涨增加提高 D、衰退减少消减 11、中央银行向公众大量购买政府债券的意图是() A、增加商业银行在中央银行的存款

《曼昆—宏观经济学》 重点总结

第23章一国收入的衡量—GDP 微观经济学(microeconomics)研究个别家庭和企业如何做出决策,以及它们如何在市场上相互交易。宏观经济学(macroeconomics)研究整个经济,包括通货膨胀、失业率和经济增长。 一GDP 1 定义:国内生产总值(gross domestic product,GDP) 是在某一既定时期一个国家内生产的所有最终物品与劳务的市场价值。 2 组成:GDP(用Y代表)被分为四个组成部分:消费(C)、投资(I)、政府购买(G)、净出口(NX): Y = C +I +G +NX 3 实际GDP与名义GDP:实际GDP=名义GDP-通货膨胀率,衡量的是生产的变动,而不是物价的变动。 4 GDP平减指数:,是经济学家用来检测经济平均物价水平,从而监测通货膨胀率的一个重要指标。(GDP deflator) 5 GDP与经济福利: ?由于GDP用市场价格来评价物品与劳务,它就没有把几乎所有在市场之外进行的活动的价值包括进来,特别是,GDP漏掉了在家庭中生产的物品与劳务的价值。 ?GDP没有包括的另一种东西是环境质量。 ?GDP也没有涉及收入分配。 二衡量收入的其他指标: ?国民生产总值(GNP):是一国永久居民(称为国民)所赚到的总收入。它与GDP的不同之处在于:它包括本国公民在国外赚到的收入,而不包括外国人在本国赚到的收入。 ?国民生产净值(NNP):是一国居民的总收入(GNP)减折旧的消耗。 ?国民收入、个人收入、个人可支配收入 第24章生活费用的衡量—CPI 一CPI 1 定义:消费物价指数(consumer price index,CPI) 是普通消费者所购买的物品与劳务的总费用的衡量标准 2 计算:定义篮子→找出价格→计算费用→选择基年并计算指数→计算通货膨胀率 消费者物价指数=*100 3 衡量生活费用过程中存在的问题 替代倾向 新产品的引进

宏观经济学期末试卷及答案

一、1、在一般情况下,国民收入核算体系中数值最小的是: A、国内生产净值 B、个人收入 C、个人可支配收入 D、国民收入 E、国内生产总值 2、下列哪一项应计入GDP中: A、面包厂购买的面粉 B、购买40股股票 C、家庭主妇购买的面粉 D、购买政府债券 E、以上各项都不应计入。 3、计入GDP的有: A、家庭主妇的家务劳动折算合成的收入 B、拍卖毕加索作品的收入 C、出神股票的收入 D、晚上为邻居照看儿童的收入 E、从政府那里获得的困难补助收入 4、在下列各项中,属于经济中的注入因素是 A、投资; B、储蓄; C、净税收; D、进口。 5、政府支出乘数 A、等于投资乘数 B、比投资乘数小1 C、等于投资乘数的相反数 D、等于转移支付乘数 E、以是说法都不正确 6、在以下情况中,投资乘数最大的是 A、边际消费倾向为0.7; B、边际储蓄倾向为0.2; C、边际储蓄倾向为0.4; D、边际储蓄倾向为0.3。 7、国民消费函数为C=80+0.8Y,如果消费增加100亿元,国民收入 A、增加100亿元; B、减少100亿元; C、增加500亿元; D、减少500亿元。 8、如果政府支出增加 A、对IS曲线无响应 B、IS曲线向右移动 C、IS曲线向左移动 D、以上说法都不正确 9、政府税收的增加将 A、对IS曲线无响应 B、IS曲线向右移动 C、IS曲线向左移动 D、以上说法都不正确 10、位于IS曲线左下方的收入与利率的组合,都是 A、投资大于储蓄; B、投资小于储蓄;

C、投资等于储蓄; D、无法确定。 11、当经济中未达到充分就业时,如果LM曲线不变,政府支出增加会导致 A、收入增加、利率上升; B、收入增加、利率下降; C、收入减少、利率上升; D、收入减少、利率下降。 12、一般地,在IS曲线不变时,货币供给减少会导致 A、收入增加、利率上升; B、收入增加、利率下降; C、收入减少、利率上升; D、收入减少、利率下降。 13、如果现行产出水平为10万亿元,总需求为8万亿,可以断定,若经济不是充分就业,那么: A、就业水平将下降 B、收入水平将上升 C、收入和就业水平将均衡 D、就业量将上升 E、就业水平将上升,收入将下降 14、在流动陷阱(凯恩斯陷阱)中 A、货币政策和财政政策都十分有效 B、货币政策和财政政策都无效 C、货币政策无效,财政政策有效 D、货币政策有效,财政政策无效 E、以上说法都不正确 15、如果实施扩张性的货币政策,中央银行可采取的措施是 A、卖出国债; B、提高法定准备金比率; C、降低再贴现率; D、提高再贴现率; 16、如果名义利率为6%,通货膨胀率为12%,那么实际利率是 A、6%; B、18%; C、12%; D、-6%。 17、自发投资增加10亿元,会使IS曲线 A、右移10亿元 B、左移10亿元 C、右移10亿元乘以支出乘数 D、左移10亿元乘以乘数 18、由于经济萧条而出现的失业属于: A、摩擦性失业 B、结构性失业 C、周期性失业 D、自愿性失业 19、如果某人刚进入劳动力队伍尚未找到工作,这是属于 A、摩擦性失业 B、结构性失业 C、周期性失业 D、自愿性失业 20、根据哈罗德的分析,如果有保证的增长率大于实际增长率,经济将: A、累积性扩张 B、累积性萧条 C、均衡增长

宏观经济学复习题及答案

宏观经济学复习题及答案 一、名词解释: 1、GDP与GNP GDP国内生产总值是指在一定时期内,一个国家或地区的经济中所生产出的全部最终产品和劳务的价值。 GNP国民生产总值是指一个国家地区的国民经济在一定时期内以货币表现的全部最终产品(含货物和服务)价值的总和。 2、CPI与PPI CPI消费者物价指数是对一个固定的消费品篮子价格的衡量,主要反映消费者支付商品和劳务的价格变化情况。 PPI生产者物价指数是用来衡量制造商出厂价的平均变化的指数。 3、财政政策与货币政策 财政政策指国家根据一定时期政治、经济、社会发展的任务而规定的财政工作的指导原则,通过财政支出与税收政策来调节总需求。 货币政策指中央银行为实现其特定的经济目标而采用的各种控制和调节货币供应量或信用量的方针和措施的总称,包括信贷政策、利率政策和外汇政策。 4、经济增长与经济发展 经济增长通常是指在一个较长的时间跨度上,一个国家人均产出(或人均收入)水平的持续增加。 经济发展是一家摆脱贫困落后状态,走向经济和社会生活现代化的过程。

5、挤出效应指政府支出增加所引起的私人消费或投资降低的效果。 6、结构性失业与结构性通货膨胀 结构性失业尽管劳动市场有职位空缺,但人们因为没有所需的技能,结果继续失业,也就是由于劳动力的供给和需求不匹配而造成的失业。 结构性通货膨胀是指物价上涨是在总需求并不过多的情况下,而对某些部门的产品需求过多,造成部分产品的价格上涨的现象。 7、适应性预期与理性预期 适应性预期是指人们在对未来会发生的预期是基于过去,在估计或判断未来的经济走势时,利用过去预期与过去实际间的差距来矫正对未来的预期。理性预期是在有效地利用一切信息的前提下,对经济变量作出的在长期中平均说来最为准确的,而又与所使用的经济理论、模型相一致的预期。 二、简答: 1、简述国民收入核算的两者基本方法。 答:1、支出法核算国民收入 就是通过核算在一定时期内整个社会购买最终产品和劳务的总支出,即最终产品和劳务的总卖价来核算国民收入的方法。产品和劳务的最后使用,除了家庭部门的消费,还有企业部门的投资,政府部门的购买及外贸部门的净出口。因此,用支出法核算国民收入,就是核算经济社会(指一个国家或一个地区)在一定时期内消费、投资、政府购买以及净出口这几方面支出的总和。 2、法核算国民收入

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