基础英语2005年

青岛科技大学2005年研究生入学考试试卷(B)

考试科目: 基础英语(答案全部写在答题纸上)

I. Multiple Choice （30points）

Directions: In this part of the test, you will decide which of the four choices given in each statement most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the blank. Choose only one answer.

1.______, it is quite easy to drill a hole in it with a laser.

A. Hard although a diamond is

B. Hard as a diamond is

C. As a diamond is hard

D. How hard a diamond is

2.The windows look _______ the garden.

A. into

B. through to

C. out on

D. back

3. Children?s clothes have to be strong to stand________ hard wear.

A. out

B. away

C. back

D. up

4.She is so careless with her spelling that she often leaves ________ letters from words.

A. alone

B. behind

C. off

D. out

5.Don?t run ________ the idea that Scotsmen are mean. They just don?t like wasting money.

A. out of

B. away with

C. back over

D. up against

6.He was kept ________in his research by lack of money.

A. away

B. back

C. in

D. off

7.These folk songs have been handed ________ from generation to generation.

A. off

B. on

C. out

D. over

8.The population ________ their flags to celebrate the return of their victorious army.

A. hung out

B. hung together

C. hung behind

D. hung over

9.It took him a long time to ________ after the operation.

A. come around

B. come off

C. come out

D. come upon

10.The ice on the lake________ in spring.

A. breaks down

B. breaks up

C. breaks off

D. breaks in

11.If you ________ your hand as far as you can, you should be able to touch it.

A. stretch out

B. reach out

C. hold out

D. pull out

12.Dear, do send the children to bed. I can?t ________ their noise any longer.

A. put off

B. put up with

C. make out

D. make up

13.Color-blind people often find it difficult to ________ between blue and green.

A. separate

B. compare

C. contrast

D. distinguish

14.Quite a lot of people watch TV only to ________time.

A. waste

B. spend

C. kill

D. pass

15.I?ll ________ you off this time, but next time you?ll be punished.

A. leave

B. let

C. put

D. set

16.The designs of the new tools should be________ carefully so that we can pick out the one which

suits our job.

A. examined

B. tried

C. tested

D. experienced

17.All the rooms have ________ carpets, which are included in the price of the house.

A. adapted

B. designed

C. equipped

D. fitted

19.There was a lot of ________in the house after the fire.

A. death

B. burnt

C. hurt

D. damage

20.Photographs printed in newspapers usually have a________ underneath to explain what they are

about.

A. caption

B. headline

C. label

D. signature

21.The dress was a nice ________ of blue.

A. make

B. coloring

C. cloth

D. shade

22.I watched a wrestling ________on TV the other day.

A. fight

B. game

C. match

D. sport

23.His poor standard of play fully justifies his________ from the team for the month next Saturday.

A. rejection

B. expulsion

C. exclusion

D. exception

24.Turntable, amplifier and speakers are _______ of a phonograph.

A. compounds

B. compositions

C. composites

D. components

25.We are looking for a________ experienced secretary who is capable of organizing a busy sales

office.

A. chartered

B. mature

C. graduated

D. polished

26.Occasionally, we experience waterly gales, but the ________ winds are from the north-east.

A. existing

B. general

C. special

D. prevailing

27.Still waters run _______.

A. deep

B. heavy

C. slow

D. quick

28.Oh, I?m afraid that doll may be________ expensive.

A. too much

B. greatly

C. far too

D. very much

29.His brother shows a(n) ________ for business.

A. altitude

B. aptitude

C. attitude

D. solitude

30.There is a very widely_______ demand for this traffic law to be changed.

A. based

B. joined

C. settled

D. proved

II. Cloze Test (20 points)

Directions: Decide which of the choices given besides will best complete the passage if inserted in the corresponding blanks.

I remember a film, I forget what it was called, in (1)_____ (1) A. it

B .that

C. which

D. what

four people were interrogated (2) _____the character and (2) A. of

B. about

C. for

D. on

life-style of a woman who had been (3) _____. All of (3) A. slaughtered

B. slain

C. assassinated

D. murdered

them had known her well, but to (4)_____of them she (4) A. all

B. every

C. many

D. each presented a different (5)_____. The man who loved her (5) A. side

B. thing

C. story

D. person

(6)_____ her as amusing, intelligent and extravagant. (6) A. said

B. saw

C. stated

D. expressed The girl who had been (7 )_____ school with her said (7) A. in

B. attended

C. at

D. gone to she was reserved, (8)_____ to make friends and (8) A. dislike

B. active

C. slow

D. ready

(9)_____ to be mean. Her boss, for whom she worked as (9) A. inclined

B. declined

C. reclined

D. liked

a secretary, (10)_____her hardworking but dull, the last (10) A. regarded

B. thought

C. saw

D. found person to inspire passion, (11)_____ alone murder. (11) A. be

B. let

C. make

D. ask

Her landlady said she was (12)_____ to get on with, untidy (12) A. easily

B. effortless

C. easy

D. comfortable and careless about money. “I always had to (13)_____her (13) A. remind

B. inform

C. tell

D. demand about the rent,” she said, “but I liked her. She was always

cheerful and willing to lend a (14)_____ if anyone was (14) A. help

B. hand

C. finger

D. support

(15) ____t rouble.” The interest of the film was not (15) A. getting

B. into

C. in

D. making

(16)_____much in who committed the murder, but in (16) A. that

B. very

C. so

D. too

(17) _____it showed the way in which we all show different (17) A. what

B. how

C. which

D. who

sides of (18)____to different people. For most of us, this (18) A. us

B. ours

C. our

D. ourselves

is not a conscious deceit but (19) _____a chameleon-like (19) A. instead

B. much

C. quite

D. rather

reaction, a form of selfprotection in a world in which our

(20) _____of security is constantly threatened. (20) A. sense

B. desire

C. sensation

D. hope

III. Reading Comprehension and Writing (100 points)

Read this article and do the tasks following it.

It is worth looking at one or tw0 aspects of the way a mother behaves towards her baby. The usual fondling, cuddling, and cleaning require little comment, but the position in which she holds the baby against her body when resting is rather revealing. Careful American studies have disclosed the fact that 80 percent of mothers cradle their infants in their left arms, holding them against the left side of their bodies. If asked to explain the significance of this preference most people reply that it is obviously the result of the predominance of right-handedness in the population. By holding the babies in their left arms, the mothers keep their dominant arm free for manipulations. But a detailed analysis shows that this is not the case. True, there is a slight difference between right-handed and left-handed females, but not enough to provide an adequate explanation. It emerges that 83 per cent of right-handed mothers hold the baby on the left side, but then so do 78 per cent of left-handed mothers. In other words, only 22 percent of the left-handed mothers have their dominant hands free for actions. Clearly there must be some other, less obvious explanation.

The only other clue com es from the fact that the heart is on the left side of the mother?s body. Could it be that the sound of her heartbeat is the vital factor? And in what way? Thinking along these lines it was argued that perhaps during its existence inside the body of the mother, the growing embryo becomes fixated (…imprinted?) on the sound of the heartbeat. If this is so, then the re-discovery of this familiar sound after birth might have calming effect on the infant, especially as it has just been thrust into a strange and frighteningly new world outside. If this is so then the mother, either instinctively or by an unconscious series of trials and errors, would soon arrive at the discovery that her baby is more at peace if held on the left against her heart, than on the right.

This may sound far-fetched, but tests have now been carried out which reveal that it is nevertheless the true explanation. Groups of newborn babies in a hospital nursery were exposed for a considerable time to the recorded sound of a heartbeat at a standard rate of 72 beats per minute. There were nine babies in each group and it was found that one or more of them was crying for 60 per cent of the time when the sound was not switched on, but that this figure fell to only 38 per cent when the heart-beat recording was thumping away. The heartbeat groups also showed a greater weight-gain than the others, although the amount of food taken was the same in both cases. Clearly the beatless groups were burning up a lot more energy as a result of the vigorous actions of their crying.

Another test was done with slightly older infants at bedtime. In some groups the room was silent, in others recorded lullabies were played. In others a ticking metronome was operating at the heartbeat speed of 72 beats per minute. In still others the heartbeat recording itself was played. It was then checked to see which groups fell asleep more quickly. The heartbeat group dropped off in half the time it took for any of the other groups. This not only clinches the idea that the sound of the heart beating is a powerfully calming stimulus, but it also shows that the response is a highly specific one. The metronome imitation will not do ---- at least, not for young infants.

So it seems fairly certain that this is the explanation of the mothe r?s left-side approach to baby-holding. It is interesting that when 466 Madonna and child paintings (dating back over several hundred years) were analysed for this feature, 373 of them showed the baby on the left breast. Here again the figure was at the 80 per cent level. This contrasts with observations of females carrying parcels, where it was found that 50 per cent carried them on the left and 50 per cent on the right.

What other possible results could this heartbeat imprinting have? It may, for example, explain why we insist on locating feelings of love in the heart rather than the head. As the song says: “You gotta have a heart!” It may also explain why mothers rock their babies to lull them to sleep. The rocking motion is carried on at about the same s peed as the heartbeat, and once again it probably “reminds” the infants of the rhythmic sensations they became so familiar with inside the womb, as the great heart of the mother pumped and thumped away above them.

Nor does it stop there. Right into adult life the phenomenon seems to stay with us. We rock with anguish. We rock back and forth on our feet when we are in a state of conflict. The next time you see a lecturer or an after-dinner speaker swaying rhythmically from side to side, check his speed for heartbeat time. His discomfort at having to face an audience leads him to perform the most comforting movements his body can offer in the somewhat limited circumstances; and so he switches on the old familiar beat of the womb.

Wherever you find insecurity, you are liable to find the comforting heartbeat rhythm in one kind of disguise or another. It is no accident that most folk music and dancing has a syncopated rhythm. Here again the sounds and movements take the performers back to the safe world of the womb.

Task 1. Read each of the following statements and decide if it is true (T) or false (F), according to the passage you have read. (30 points)

1.The author thinks that we can learn nothing new from “the usual fondling, cuddling and cleaning” of

babies by their mothers.

2.It is rather unusual for a mother to hold her baby against her body when resting.

3.Eighty per cent of American mothers put their babies on the left side of the cradle.

4.The author does not agree that there is a predominance of right-handedness in the population.

5.Most people think that mothers hold their babies in their left arms in order to keep their right arms

free for other work.

6.Our world is “strange and frighteningly new” to a baby that has just been born.

7.The mother who holds her baby on the left knows that her heartbeat has a calming effect on the baby.

8.The author says that the tests which he is going to describe may sound far-fetched.

9.The babies that could hear the heartbeat recording cried much less and put on more weight than those

that could not hear it.

10.The infants that heard recorded lullabies fell asleep more quickly than the others.

11.The second experiment (paragraph 4) shows that young infants can tell the difference between an

actual heartbeat and an imitation of it by a metronome.

12.There is some evidence to show that most mothers held their babies on the left, even in past

centuries.

13.The theory of heartbeat imprinting proves that love is in fact felt in the heart.

14.The fact that love is felt in the heart may also explain why mothers rock their babies to lull them to

sleep.

15.Whenever people are angry, distressed or nervous, they are likely to start a rhythmic movement of

some kind.

Task 2. Find single words in the passage which have roughly the meanings given below. (20 points)

1.unlikely

2.anything remarkable or unusual

3.relating to one particular thing

4.regular and repeated

5.without having to think about

6.become known as a result of enquiry

7.instrument for marking time in music

8.having special meaning, significant

9.more important

10.confirm, prove

Task 3. Fill in the blanks with suitable words or phrases from the passage. (20 points)

Many people are ________(1) the phenomenon of adults rocking to and fro with anguish. If ________(2) this phenomenon, most people would say that we sway from side to side ________(3) when we feel insecure obviously, but why should this particular movement be instinctive? Tests have been________(4) which reveal________(5) both babies and adults find the heartbeat rhythm ________(6). Whenever we are________(7) of conflict we are________(8) to switch on the old familiar beat of ________(9) by rocking ________(10).

Task 4. Imagine a debate in which two speakers oppose each other on the true explanation of why mothers carry their babies in their left arms. Each speaker should argue in no more than 150 words. (30 points)