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2017考研英语完形填空常见5大逻辑关系分析

2017考研英语完形填空常见5大逻辑关系分析
2017考研英语完形填空常见5大逻辑关系分析

2017考研英语完形填空常见5大逻辑关

系分析

完形填空的解题方法是由已知信息,进行分析关联,得出答案,这就需要考生把握上下文,前后句逻辑关系,能够很好的进行拆分组合和提炼,最终得到正确的答案。下面凯程网考研频道分享五大逻辑关系(对立关系、因果关系、并列关系、总分关系和递进关系),希望大家掌握了它们,做完型更轻松。

一、对立关系

包括让步和转折关系,常见的标志词和短语有:but, however, yet, on the contrary, by contrast, unfortunately, although, even though, nevertheless, in spite of, regardless of, anyhow, instead of, rather than, not…but等。

如2000年完型第41题:

He must store a large quantity of grain ___ consuming all his grain immediately.

[A]other than [B]as well as[C]instead of[D]more than

答案:C

解析:此处考查的是逻辑关系,需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“储存了大量粮食”与空后“消耗所有粮食”形成对立关系,选C instead of。

二、因果关系

常用的标志词和短语有:because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore, so, so…that, such…that, in order that, consequently, accordingly, due to, thanks to, in response to, on account of, because of, considering that, seeing that, in that, now that, lest, as a result, for this reason等。

如2004年完型第34题:

More families consist of one parent households or two working parents, ___, children are likely to have less supervision at home.

[A]contrarily[B]consequently[C]similarly [D]simultaneously

答案:B

解析:此处考查的是逻辑关系,需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“更多的家庭是单亲家庭或双工家庭”与空后“孩子在家很少受到监管”之间是因果关系,故所 B consequently。

三、并列关系

常用的标志词和短语有:and, or, neither…nor, either…or, not only…but also, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, same…as等。

如2004年完型第25题:

Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in response to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, ___ as a rejection of middle-class values.

[A]or[B]but rather [C]but [D]or else

答案:A

解析:此处考查的是逻辑关系,需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“没有成功提升社会经济地位”与空后“排斥中产阶级的价值观”都可能是“犯罪”的原因,故空前和空后之间是并列关系,选A or。

四、总分关系

常用的标志词和短语有:such as, for example, for instance, to illustrate, as an illustration, to take an example, more specifically等。

如2001年完型第31题:

The government is to ban payments to witnesses by newspapers seeking to buy up people involved in prominent cases ___ the trial of Rosemary West.

[A]as to [B]for instance [C]in particular[D]such as

答案:D

解析:此处考查的是逻辑关系,需要根据空前和空后来判断。空前“prominent cases”与空后“the trial of Rosemary West”是包含的关系,总体与部分的关系,可以选for instance 和such as,但for instance后面不能直接加名词,such as后要直接加名词,故选D such as。

五、递进关系

常用的标志词和短语有:then, besides, additionally, in addition, furthermore, moreover, what is more等。

如1994年完型第46题:

Too often, careless use of words prevents a meeting of the minds of the speaker and listener. The words used by the speaker may stir up unfavorable reactions in the listener which interfere with his comprehension; hence, the transmission-reception system breaks down.

___, inaccurate or indefinite words may make it difficult for the listener to understand the message which is being transmitted to him.

[A]Moreover[B]However [C]Preliminarily [D]Unexpectedly

答案:A

解析:此处考查的是逻辑关系,需要根据空前和空后来判断。此空位于段首,需要考虑本段与上一段的逻辑关系,上一段提到“careless use of words”给交谈带来的障碍,空后则提到“inaccurate or indefinite words”理解信息造成的困难。前后是递进关系,故选择A moreover。

掌握了逻辑关系这一个法宝,完型得分就不再是问题。

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1.harmonyn.协调,和谐;融洽 2.harnessv.治理,利用n.马具,挽具 3.harsha.粗糙的;(声音)刺耳的;苛刻的,严酷的 4.harvestn.收获,收成;成果,后果v.收获,收割 5.hasten.匆忙,急速;草率v.赶快;匆忙 6.hastya.匆忙的,仓促的;草率的 7.hatn.帽子(一般指有边的帽子) 8.hatchv.孵,孵出;策划,图谋n.舱口,小门 9.hatev.恨,憎恨;不愿,不喜欢n.恨,憎恶 10.hatredn.憎恨,憎恶,怨恨 11.graciousa.亲切的,客气的;宽厚的,仁慈的 12.graden.等级,级别;年级;分数v.分等,分级 13.graduala.逐渐的,逐步的 14.graduaten.大学毕业生,研究生v.大学毕业a.毕了业的 15.grainn.谷物,谷类;颗粒,细粒 16.grammen.(gram)克 17.grammarn.语法,语法书 18.granda.盛大的,豪华的;重大的,主要的 19.grandmothern.祖母,外祖母 20.grantv.同意,准予;授予n.授予物;津贴;转让证书 1.guiltn.罪过,内疚 2.guiltya.(of)有罪的,内疚的 3.guitarn.吉他vi.弹吉他

12010-2017年上海高考英语完形填空真题 +答案

2017年上海高考英语真题

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adj.硬的; 困难的; 有力的; 努力的; adv.努力地; 猛力地; 严重地; 沉重地; n.英〉硬海滩,登陆处; [例句]He shuffled his feet on the hard wooden floor. 他拖着脚在硬木地板上走动。 4.ability n.能力,资格; 能耐,才能; [例句]The public never had faith in his ability to handle the job. 公众从来不相信他有能力胜任这一职位。 5.professional adj.专业的; 职业的; 专业性的; n.专业人士; [例句]His professional career started at Liverpool University. 他的职业生涯是从利物浦大学开始的。 6.spot n.地点,场所; 斑点,污点; [股票] 现货; 职位,职务;

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