英美概况模拟试题
《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案
Part one
Fill in the blanks ( 10 points )
1.The full name of the United Kingdom is .
2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998.
3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule
in 829.
4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and college
students today.
5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called .
6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of .
7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish.
8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a novel
titled , which intensified the political debate on slavery.
9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of The
Civil Rights Movement: was assassinated.
10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part two
Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points )
1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called .
a. Progressivism
b. laissez faire
c. New Freedom
d. New Deal
2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December,
1941.
a. Great Depression
b. Pearl Harbor incident
c. the Japanese attack on China
d. the German attack on Poland
3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliver
Cromwell as .
a. Lord Protector
b. Lieutenant General
c. Commander of the New Model Army
d. President
4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain.
a. east
b. south
c. west
d. north
5. WASPs referred to .
a. the mainstream Americans
b. Hispanics
c. Asian-Americans
d. Blacks
6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution
formally ended .
a. the immigration movement
b. the Civil War
c. the slave system
d. the industrialization
7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled of the
world people and of the world’s land area.
a. one third
b. one fifth
c. one fourth
d. two fifths
8. The Celt’s religion was.
a. Teutonic religion
b. Christianity
c. Druidism
d. Buddhism
9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping them
within the bounds of the feudal law of the land.
a. the Archbishop of Canterbury
b. the barons
c. the church
d. the king
10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the .
a. the House of Lords
b. the House of Commons
c. the Privy Council
d. the Shadow Cabinet
11. The English Renaissance was largely .
a. religious
b. ideological
c. philosophical
d. literary
12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in .
a. hardware
b. textile
c. pottery
d. chemicals
13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in .
a. 200 B. C.
b. 55 B. C.
c. 55 A. D.
d. 410 A. D
14. The Hundred Years’ War started in.
a. 1733
b. 1453
c. 1337
d. 1357
15. Civil Rights Movement happened in .
a. the 1960s
b. the 1950s
c. the 1940s
d. the 1930s
16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 in
a speech to the joint session of Congress.
a. President Roosevelt
b. President Kennedy
c. General Marshall
d. President Truman
17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.
a. 651
b. 1,200
c. 1,198
d. 763
18. About half of the Britain’s trade is with.
a. the United States
b. South-east Asia
c. the EC
d. the Latin America
19. The British recorded history begins with .
a. the arrival and settlement of Celts
b. the Norman Conquest
c. Roman invasion
d. Viking and Danish invasions
20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of .
a. containment
b. neutrality
c. pro-Germany partiality
d. pro-Ally partiality
Part three
Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points )
( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.
( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States.
( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, and on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.
( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the establishment of the British Empire.
( ) 7. The word English means “the language that belongs to the Angles.”
( ) 8. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.
( ) 9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of 397 square kilometers.
( ) 10. Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston.
( ) 11. The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances.
( ) 12. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.
( ) 13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious
( ) 14. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.
( ) 15. William, Duke of Normandy, founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as “Father of the British Navy.”
( ) 16. Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh people.
( ) 17. After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in 1979, she adopted a new program to cure the “British disease”.
( ) 18. America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian, but a new continent. As a result, the new continent was named after him and became known as America. ( ) 19. Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 14, 1776, a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States. ( ) 20. When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London, the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in 1782.
Part four
Explain the following terms in English: (10 points)
1. The New Deal
2. The commonwealth
3. checks and balances
4. Constitutional monarchy
5. Puritanism
Part five
Tell what you know about the following in your own words. ( 20 points )
1. The Easter Rising
2. Class system in British society
3. The Bronte sisters
4. Counterculture
5. The containment policy
Part six
Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: ( 20 points )
Cold War
Keys:
Part one:
1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
2.the Belfast Agreement
3.King Egbert
4.The Canterbury Tales
5.Guy Fawkes Night
6.1492
7.Catholic
8.Uncle Tom’s Cabin
9.Martin Luther King
10.Colorado
Part two:
1~5dbaca 6~10cccdb 11~15dbbca 16~20daccb
Part three:
1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFT
Part four:
1.It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possible
collapse of the American economic and political system.
2.The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of former
British colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus: others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.
3.Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative, the executive and the
judicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.
4. A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. In
practice, the Sovereign reigns, but does not rule. In English history, constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688.
5.Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify the
Church of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.
Part five:
1.In order to gain independence, different Irish groups had been fighting against the British
institutions and the British military forces. One such activity was the Easter Rising which took place in 1916. the rebels occupied Dublin’s Post Office and Forced the British to take it back by military force. The leaders of the rebellion were executed by the British authorities.
2.The class system does exist in British society. Most of the British population would claim
themselves to be either of middle-class or working-class, though some people would actually belong to the upper middle-class or lower middle-class. Class divisions are now simply economic, they are cultural as well. People of different classes may differ in the kind of newspapers they read, in the way they speak and in the kind of education they receive. One of the distinctive features about the British class system is that aristocratic titles can still be inherited.
3.Perhaps the most famous literary family I British history are the Bronte sisters, who were
influenced by the Romantic Movement. Charlotte, Emily and Ann were daughters of the vicar of a village church in Yorkshire. Although they were poor, they were educated and respectable. In their short lives, they didn’t produce much, but their works are among the best-loved novels in English: Charlotte Bronte’ s Jane Eyre and Emily’s Wuthering Heights 4.In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenon
that historians called “counterculture”. The counterculture rejected capitalism and other American principles. They had morals different from those taught by their parents. Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life. Among the most famous were the hippies. They sought new experience through dropping out, and drug taking. But it was music, rock music in particular, that became the chief vehicles for the counter culture assault on the traditional American society. The counterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriage, career and success.
5.The US put into effect the containment policy in the late 1940s. by containment, the Us meant
that it would use whatever means, including military force, to prevent the Soviet Union form breaking out of its sphere of influence. In order to contain communism, the US fought two wars in Asia: the Korean War and the Vietnam War.
Part six:
Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States, relying on its large economic and military strength, tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism, represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts without bloody “hot war” between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.
英美概况试卷
学院 专业班级 学 号 姓 名 教室 号 座位 号 . ———— 装 —————订 — ————线——————外——————不——————要——————答 — ———— 题 — ——— ( 第 1 页， 共6 页 ) 页 ) ( 第 2 页， 共 6 页 ) 湖南涉外经济学院2016-2017学年度第 一 学期期末课程 《英语国家概况》考察试卷 专业年级： 2014级商英本科 考核方式：闭卷 考试时量：90分钟 试卷类型： 题 号 一 合计 复核人 应得分 100 实得分 得分 评卷人 复核人 I.You are required to interpret the following terms.（10X5′） One Standard English Two Magna Carta Three The Reformation Four The Seperation of Three Powers Five Thatcherism Six Critical Realism Eight Thanksgiving Day Nine the Lost Generation Ten Industial Revolution II You are required to answer the following questions.(5X10) 1. How does the english language develops into a universal lingua franca? 2. What is the British Empire? 3. What do we know about the Renaissance? 4. Why is American regarded as a “nation of immigrants ”? 5. What is your understanding of “checks and balance ”?
英美概况解答题复习资料
英美概况解答题 1.Why is the climate of Britain much milder than of many places in the same latitude? a.The climate of Britain is moderated by the Atlantic Gulf Stream. b.It is influenced by the west wind belt, which blow over the country all the year round and bring warm and wet air from the Atlantic Ocean. c.Topography of Great Britain .Britain is surrounded by seawaters, which can balance the seasonal differences by heating up the land in winter and cooling it off in summer. 2. What are the characteristics of the British economy? a. Britain is one of the world’s most advanced manufacturing and trading nations. b. Its currency, the pound sterling, is the exchange currency for about one third of the world’s foreign trade. c. the British economy was the first to have been fully industrialize d. d. British agriculture does not produce enough food to meet the country’s basic needs, and therefore part of all vital foodstuffs has to be imported.. e. the British labour force is remarkably homogeneous. 3. Why do British people think of themselves as Englishmen, Scotsmen, Welshmen and Irishmen, not as Britons? The British people have a way of living together without really doing so, that is peculiarly British. In normal times they take the national division very much for granted. They have their own way traditions. For example, Scotland has its own national church and its own system of law. Wales possesses a language and a culture of its own. 4.What were the consequences of the Norman Conquest? a.The Norman Conquest caused important consequences. It increased the process of feudalism. b.William the Conqueror established a strong monarchy in England. c.In 1086 William the Conqueror had his officials go through England and make a general survey of the land, known as the Domesday Book. d.After the conquest William retained most of the old English customs of government. e.The Norman Conquest also brought about changes in church. f.Along with the Normans came the French language. 5.In what ways did Henry II consolidate the monarchy? a.Henry II took some measures to consolidate the monarchy. Firstly, he carried out a series of reforms to strengthen his power. He strengthened the Great Council .But the most important step is that the Royal powers of justices were greatly expanded. b.As for administration, the major reform of his reign was the Inquest of Sheriffs in 1170. c.In 1181 Henry issued the “Assize of Arms”. d.Henry II wanted to restore the relationship between church and state that had existed under the Norman kings. 6.What were the comments and the nature of the Great Charter? Comments: (1)The king was not to exact extra payments from the feudal vassals (or towns) without their consent;(2)that laws were not to be modified by arbitrary action of the king;(3)if the king should attempt to free himself from the law, the vassals had the right to force the king to obey it, by civil war or by otherwise. Nature: (1)The Great Charter was essentially a feudal document.(2)It had a progressive
英国部分英美概况汇总题库
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
英美概况期末试题
I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0013872425.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命)【圣才出品】
第7章工业革命、美国独立战争和法国革命 7.1 复习笔记 I. The American Revolution II. The French Revolution III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution IV. The Industrial Revolution and Its Consequences 1. The Industrial Revolution 2. Its Consequences I. The American Revolution (美国独立战争) 1. The Navigation Acts (passed in 1651) were intended to increase the prosperity of English merchants and ship builders. 1651年通过了《航海条例》，有利于英国商人和轮船制造者的发展。 2. The process (过程) ①The war broke out in April 1775. ②In October, 1777, the American army won a great battle at Saratoga, which was a turning point. ③By the Treaty of Paris in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the United States.
①战争开始于1775年4月。 ②1777年10月，美国军队取得萨拉托加大捷，这是美国独立战争的转折点。 ③1783年《巴黎和约》，英国承认了美国的独立。 II. The French Revolution (法国革命) 1. The French Revolution broke out in 1789 and Thomas Paine published “The Rights of Man”. 2. In 1793 Britain became the chief leader of a military alliance with Austria and Prussia against revolutionary France. 3. The allies met at the Congress of Vienna and fought for the spoils of victory. England obtained Ceylon, the-Cape of Good Hope, and a number of Spanish, Dutch and French colonies. 1. 1789年，法国革命爆发，潘恩发表《人权宣言》。 2. 1793年，英国联合澳大利亚和普鲁士，反对法国革命。 3. 盟国在维也纳分赃会议上瓜分胜利品。英国得到锡兰，好望角，以及西班牙，荷兰和法国的殖民地。 III. Prerequisites for the Industrial Revolution (工业革命的必要条件) 1. The conditions for the Industrial Revolution : ①the accumulation of capital; ②the development of capitalist farming and the appearance of a labor reserve; ③the expansion of markets, domestic and foreign. 2. Britain’s population grew fast in this period and the people were skilled in
英美国家概况期末试题A卷
2013-2014学年度第一学期 英国国家概况期末试题 （考试时间120分钟，总分100分） 班级姓名成绩 得分评卷人复查人 I. Multiple Choice Questions. (50 points, 2 point for each) Directions: In this part of the test, there are 50 unfinished statements or questions. For each of the unfinished statements or questions, four suggested answers, marked A. B, C and D are given. Choose the one that you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your Answer Sheet. I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts： 1.The British Isles are made up of________ A.two large islands and hundreds of small ones B. two large islands and Northern Ireland C. three large islands and hundreds of small ones D. three large islands and Northern Ireland 2. There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain. They are_______ A.Britain，Scotland and Wales B. England，Scotland and Wales C. Britain，Scotland and Ireland D. England，Scotland and Ireland 3.The Commonwealth of Nations is an association of independent countries______ A. that have a large number of British immigrants B. that fought on the side of Britain in the two world wars C. that speak English as their native language D. that were once colonies of Britain 4. About a hundred years ago，as a result of imperialist expansion，Britain ruled an empire that had one fourth of the world's people and ______of the world's land area. A.one third B. one fifth C. one fourth D. two fifths 5.The earliest invasion of England is that by _____. A. the Iberian B. the Danes C. the Celts D. the Anglo-Saxons 6.the Celts religion was _____. A.Christianity B. Druidism C. Norman belief D. Roman Catholic 7.the Anglo-Saxons brought _____ religion to Britain.
英美概况考试试题集
英语专业考研英美概况自测题（一） British Survey Test Part I Geography 1. The total area of the U.K. is _____. A. 211,440 B. 244,110 C. 241,410 D. 242,534 2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K. A. northern B. eastern C. southern 3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____. A. Northern Ireland B. England C. Scotland 4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary. A. Wales B. Scotland C. England 5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century. A. 14th B. 15th C. 16th 6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain. A. 1707 B. 1921 C. 1801 7. Physiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces. A. 13 B. 12 C. 14 8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____. A. the Scottish Highlands B. Wales C. England 9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____. A. north to south B. south to north C. east to west 10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England. A. Scotland B. Wales C. Vale of Eden 11. The longest river in Britain is _____. A. Severn B. Clyde C. Bann 12. London is situated on the River of _____. A. Parret B. Thames C. Spey 13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales 14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short. A. North Sea B. English Channel C. Dee estuary 15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____. A. Scotland B. Wales C. England 16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____. A. Cotswolds B. Oxford Clay C. Pennines 17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources. A. 50% B. 38% C. 42% 18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____. A. Scotland B. England C. Northern Ireland 19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____. A. 1964 B. 1946 C. 1694
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(美国文学)【圣才出品】
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
专四英美概况模拟试题
4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .在美国20世纪20年代，被描述为一个物质和精神沮丧的成功 7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”，we are referring to . 当我们说“水”或“老人河之父”，我们指的是密西西比河
8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from . 凯尔特人是不同群体的古代人来自德国 13. The ， the backbone of the North American continent， is also known as the Continental Divide.落基山脉，北美大陆的脊梁，也被称为大陆分水岭。
14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty，the British government allowed the company to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people. 为了帮助不列颠东印度公司摆脱困境，英国政府允许公司以较低的价格向殖民地通过自己的人卖茶 21. The first Puritans came to America were on the ship_______. A. Codpeed B. Susan Constant C. May Flower 五月花 D. Discovery
英美概况美国部分整理
America The Founding of Colonies殖民地的建立 First Inhabitants：American Indians Discovery of the New World： 1492 Christopher Columbus →the discoverer of America (Italian)Spanish Queen’ s support 1501-2 Amerigo Vespucci →the new land was name after him as America. reached the mouth of Amazon River America—the New World Europe—the Old World 13 colonies： New England Colonies: Mid Atlantic Colonies: Southern Colonies: Massachusetts →（2nd colony，1620）New York Maryland New Hampshire Pennsylvania Virginia →（1st colony，1607）Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina Connecticut South Carolina Georgia →（the last colony，1733）New England Region（6个）: Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire, Maine and Vermont 建立原因： Virginia, 1607 Virginia Company For foreign expansion as a way of easing religious dispute and economic distress in England 105 men (no women) Jamestown in honor of the king Massachusetts In 1620 102 Puritans (“Pilgrim Fathers”), in Mayflower, from Plymouth in England to America First in Plymouth (today’s Massachusetts); and then Boston Seek religious freedom Mayflower Compact <五月花号公约>：self-government Hardships when arrived the help of the Indians Thanksgiving Day to thank the Indians and the God for protection The next three colonies Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire Reasons: 1. religious disputes and struggles in Massachusetts intensified 2. more immigrants
Test for US 英美国家概况 美国部分测试题
1. The official full name of the United States is usually referred to as . It is often called , , , , or simply , or the “” in American spoken English. 2. National Holiday of US is . 3. Nicknames for the flag include ,,, and which is also the name of the country's official national anthem. 4. served as the political theory behind the American Revolution. 5. On July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the Declaration of Independence drafted by a committee including and , with most of the work done by . 6. By the Declaration of Independence the United States held its separate and equal position among the powers of the earth, and also by it the United States had been founded, based on the right “.” 7. The American Civil War was in fact a conflict during 1861-1865 in the USA between the Southern or of America and the Northern or . 8. Four great empires—, , , and —had disappeared by the end of WWⅠ. 9. American Attitudes towards WWⅡ were excitedly divided into who opposed any involvement in the European war, and who urged immediate aid to the Allies. 10. The Cold War was an ideological, political, and economic state of tensions, conflicts and hostility from 1945 to 1990 between the USSR and on the one hand, and the US and on the other. 11. The Berlin blockade promoted the signing of and the founding of . 12. is the only “hot war” between the USA and the Soviet Union during the Cold War period.
英美概况美国部分复习.docx
Melting Pot: Immigrants from different regions and cultures came to live in the United States, their old ways of life melt away and they became part of the American culture? WASPs: WASPS are the mainstream Americans, referring to the white Anglo-Saxon Protestants The Hispanics: The Hispanics are Spanish-speaking people from Latin America, which was once dominated by the Spanish Empire?American Indians: The Indian peoples are known as the first Americans. When Columbus landed in the New World in 1492, he thought he had reached India and called the natives Indians? Separation of powers: Under the federalist system, the federal and the state governments have separate and distinct powers laid down in the Constitutio n. ^Winner-take-air5principle: The party that wins most votes (simple majority) in a state wins all the electoral votes for the state and the defeated party gets none? Federalism: Federalism in the United States is the evolving relationship between U.S. state governments and the federal government of the United States? Since the founding of the country, and particularly with the end of the American Civil War, power shifted away from the states and towards the national government. Thanksgiving Day: It's on the fourth Thursday of Novembe匚It is a typical