工程硕士英语unit1完型答案及翻译

UNIT 1

CLOZE B

Every year Forbes magazine prints “The Forbes Four Hundred”, a list of the richest individuals in the United States. This issue 1 interesting reading because it tells how these people made their money and, indirectly, how the country has changed over the years.

The original list 14 years ago was crawling with Rockefellers, and Du Ponts, a Frick, a Whitney, Mellon or two---all great family fortunes that stretched back to the 19th century. However, there weren’t as many old-money fortunes on last year’s list---which leads to some conclusions about wealth in America. First, it’s not easy to hold down money, even for billionaires. Taxes put a big dent in family fortunes, and unless the heirs are careful and invest wisely, they can lose their millions as fast as their ancestors made them. Second, the old ways to riches aren’t as dependable as they used to be. Only 18 in the latest 400 made their fortunes from oil. Third, America is still the land of opportunity where smart young people like Bill Gates of Microsoft can end up on top of the list of the richest Americans ahead of the Rockefellers, Mellons, Gettys and Carnegies.

What’s more, it’s amazing how many of these people keep their frugal habits after they’ve made it big. Among The Forbes Four Hundred, there are many such stories of self-made millionaires living modestly, avoiding publicity and working long hours even though they can pay the bills without lifting a finger. These people are still doing whatever it was that led to their success. There is a good lesson in this: Find something you enjoy doing, give it everything you’ve got, and the money will take care of itself. 1. A. makes off B. makes at C. makes for D. makes out

逃走、离开袭击、扑向导致、有助于理解、起草

2. A. when B. how C. where D. why

何时如何哪里为什么

3. A. entirely B. indicatively C. incorrectly D. indirectly

完全地、彻底地表示错误地间接地

4. A. original B. novel C. pioneering D. fresh

最初的新奇的、异常的首创的新鲜的

5. A. crawling B. crawled C. to crawl D. crawl

震惊爬行（过去式）爬行爬行

6. A. extended B. stretched C. spread D. expanded

延伸的拉伸的伸展的展开的

7. A. results from B. holds to C. leads to D. leads up

起因于坚持导致引入

8. A. hold down B. hand down C. hold up D. hold on to

抑制、保有宣布、流传下去举起、阻挡紧紧抓住

9. A. although B. unless C. despite D. otherwise

尽管除非不管否则

10. A. as soon as B. as fast as C. as much as D. as many as

一…就和…一样快差不多多达、和…一样多

11. A. were used to B. are used to C. used to D. could

习惯于习惯于过去经常能

12. A. latest B. later C. earliest D. earlier

最近的稍后最早更早

13. A. chance B. fortune C. happiness D. opportunity

机会财富幸福时机、机会

14. A. end in B. end up C. look at D. stand up

以…告终结束着眼于坚持

15. A. forward B. onward C. ahead of D. in front

向前的在前面在…之前在前面

16. A. amusing B. frightening C. startling D. amazing

有趣的令人恐惧的令人吃惊的令人惊异的

17. A. frugal B. strange C. savable D. economic

节俭的奇怪的、陌生的可节省的经济的

18. A. to live B. living C. live D. lives

活着生活的活的生活

19. A. even if B. as if C. even though D. as though

即使犹如虽然好像

20. A. whichever B. which C. whatever D. what

无论哪个哪一个无论什么什么

译文：

每年福布斯杂志出版“福布斯400排名”—美国最富有的人的清单。这事令公众喜于阅读，因为它揭示这些人怎样创造财富，间接地揭示历年来国家的变化。

14年前最初的清单布满了洛克菲勒、杜邦、一个弗里克、一个惠特尼、或一两个梅隆之辈—全部可追溯到19世纪的大家族财富。然而，在去年的清单上没有和之前一样多的祖传财富，这导致一些关于美国财富的结论。首先，保有钱是不容易的，即使对于亿万富翁。税金大幅消减家族财富，除非继承者小心明智的投资，他们会失去数百万，其速就像他们的祖先创造他们一样快。其次，对于财富过去曾经有过的老的方式是不可靠的。400人中仅仅最后18人从石油中创造财富。第三，美国仍是个机会之地，聪明的年轻人如微软的比尔盖茨最终能在美国富人榜顶端排在洛克菲勒、梅隆、吉提斯和卡内基之前。

而且，令人惊异的是这些人中有多少在发财之后仍保持他们节俭的习惯。在福布斯400中有很多这样的故事关于白手起家百万富翁生活简朴、避免惹人注意、长时间工作，虽然他们一指不弹就可稳付账单。这些人不管怎样仍然在做导致他们成功的事。在这有一个好的教训：找到你喜欢的事，为它付出你能得到的一切，财富将自行眷顾你。

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