四级笔试新题型模拟题07(1)

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四级笔试新题型模拟题08 2016-03-31 100.00

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名称得分题型总分

Part I -- 15

Part II -- 35

Part III -- 35

Part IV -- 15

Part Ⅰ

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 187 words.

本题得分：--/15分Renting an Apartment off Campus

1. 现在大学生在校外租房的现象很普遍

2. 这种现象产生的原因

3. 我的看法

你的答案

未作答

参考范文

Renting an Apartment off Campus

Nowadays, an increasing number of college students would rather rent an apartment off campus than live in a dormitory. This phenomenon has raised considerable concern among parents and college faculties about living off campus, which is caused by the following reasons.

To begin with, living conditions of an apartment off campus may be better than those of a dormitory. A rented apartment is often equipped with an independent washroom and a shower equipment which may be of great advantage over the school dormitory. In general, a typical dormitory often accomodates four or six, or even eight students and it is too crowded and noisy for those who prefer private space as well as quiet circumstances. In addition, instead of being regulated by dormitory rules, students may enjoy more freedom in a rented apartment.

If college students intend to rent an apartment, I think they should give top priority to safety. It is important to make a survey of the surroundings first to ensure the security. Besides, when they tend to enjoy the freedom, they should have a better sense of self-control and make good use of their time.

范文点评：

作文是一篇涉及校外租房话题的论述文，考生需要根据所给大纲进行写作。本文语言规范、地道、结构清晰。作者首先指出了当下大学生校外租房的普遍性；第二段通过to begin with 和in addition的使用，清晰地列举出校外租房相对于住宿舍的优势：公寓房条件要比宿舍好，而且学生可以享有更多的自由。最后，作者给出了自己的建议，如果想要校外租房，首先要考虑的就是安全问题。

Part Ⅱ

Section A Understanding Conversations

Directions：In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.

本题得分：--/15分Script

M: I'm always thinking about changing jobs, but I know nothing except computers.

W: There are lots of computer experts around. You need to specialize!

1.What does the woman suggest the man do?

A) The man is no more than an expert.

B) The man should quit his current job.

C) The man should develop special skills.

D) The man isn't qualified for his work.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士建议男士要有自己的专攻，要有专业技能（You need to specialize!），所以选C。

Script

M: Thanks for a great party! But I have to get up early tomorrow, so I should hit the road soon.

W: Oh. It's only 11. How about just one more quick drink?

2.What does the man mean?

A) He wants to say goodbye to the hostess.

B) He asks for one more drink.

C) He has an emergency to deal with.

D) He is not used to staying up late.

正确答案为A你没有作答。

解析：

音频中男士提到他要出发了（I should hit the road soon.），可见他要跟女士道别，所以选A。

Script

W: I'd love to spend more time with my daughter, but I'd miss out on my career if I worked part time.

M: Yeah, it's tricky. You can't have your cake and eat it too.

3.What does the man mean?

A) The woman should continue her job.

B) The woman should take more care of her child.

C) The woman can't have things both ways.

D) The woman should have a cake and eat it.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士说她想要更多的时间陪女儿，又不能放弃自己的事业。男士回答说你不可能两者兼得（You can't have your cake and eat it too），所以选C。

Script

M: I hope I will not oversleep. I need to catch the first flight tomorrow.

W: If I were you, I'd request a wake-up call.

4.Where are the man and the woman at the moment?

A) In an office.

B) At an airport.

C) In a hotel.

D) At a railway station.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士建议男士让人提供叫醒电话（If I were you, I'd request a wake-up call）。Wake-up call 是指酒店提供的叫醒电话，可以推断出他们是在酒店里，所以选C。

Script

W: You should think about changing your job, Harry. Get a piece of the action!

M: Well, I could find a job that pays more, but I would enjoy it less.

5.What does the man mean?

A) He will find a better paid job.

B) He enjoys his current job.

C) He will consider the woman's advice.

D) It is hard to find a satisfying job.

正确答案为B你没有作答。

解析：

音频中男士说他可以找到一份报酬更高的工作，可那样的话他就不会很喜欢工作了（I could find a job that pays more, but I would enjoy it less），由此可以推断出他很喜欢现在的工作，所以选B。

Script

W: Honey, should I throw away the stack of old newspapers? We have no room for the new ones.

M: Well, I'd like to clip some photos first.

6.What will the man probably do?

A) Sell the old newspapers.

B) Keep the old newspapers.

C) Throw away the old newspapers.

D) Cut some pictures out from the old newspapers.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士说要把旧报纸扔掉的时候，男士说他想先做一下剪报（I'd like to clip some photos first）。Clip在这里是剪报的意思，所以选D。

Script

W: Lily will be glad to hear about Sarah's promotion.

M: Really? I heard she also wanted that job very much.

7.What does the man mean?

A) He got some kind of wrong information.

B) He couldn't agree with the woman more.

C) He heard a different story from other people.

D) He felt shocked at the news.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士说听到Sara 升职的消息Lily 应该很开心，男士说他听说Lily也很想要那份工作，可见他听说的消息与女士不同，所以选C。Script

W: Your sweater is great. I've never seen anything like it before.

M: Really? My mother made it for me but it is not my style. Anyway, this is the first time I've worn it in public.

8.What does the man imply?

A) He agrees with the woman.

B) He does not like the sweater very much.

C) He has got no chance to wear the sweater.

D) He wears the sweater to please his mother.

正确答案为B你没有作答。

解析：

音频中男士说这件毛衣不是他的风格（it is not my style），而且他这是第一次在公开场合穿，可以推断出他并不是很喜欢这件毛衣，所以选B。

Script

M: How do you find the cost of living in Britain?

W:Very expensive. Everything including clothing, food, housing, travelling, everything is expensive here.

M: So where do you think you spend most?

W: Transport, I think. I spent more than one hundred pounds on taking the train per week. Yeah, as for food if you eat at home, it's very cheap.

M: And how do you afford clothing?

W: I'm from China, and actually my place also has nice clothes, so I normally bring my clothes from there!

M: So you don't shop here? You shop at home.

W: Yeah mostly from home, except jackets. I love jackets, so I make sure I know if there are any sales going on. Especially on Boxing Day, I go to the shopping center and buy all the stuff and get cheap prices.

M: And what's the social side like?

W: I love it because of so many different cultures from China, Japan, Africa. I was shocked when I first came here, so it took me quite some time. To me it's very interesting. I like to go for movies with my friends once a month like that, and also for dinner.

M: And do you have any money-saving tips for other people who might want to come and work or study here in the UK?

W: You just have to watch anything you buy, just don't be impulsive. I teach a lot and the wage covers a little bit of what I want to spend.

9.What is the major expense for living in Britain according to the woman?

A) Food.

B) Transport.

C) Clothing.

D) Accommodation.

正确答案为B你没有作答。

解析：

音频中当被问及花钱最多的地方时，女士回答说是交通（Transport, I think），所以选B。

10.What is the shopping habit of the woman?

A) She often buys clothes made in China.

B) She prefers online shopping from home.

C) She often goes shopping with her friends.

D) She normally buys jackets on sale in Britain.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士说她的大部分衣服是从家里买的，夹克除外（Yeah mostly from home, except jackets）。有促销活动的时候她会去商场买夹克，所以选D。

11.What does the woman think of her social life?

A) She doesn't get used to the multi-culture.

B) She expects to have more Chinese friends.

C) She has to change her living habits.

D) She enjoys hanging out with her friends regularly.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士说她喜欢每个月跟朋友去看场电影，或者是吃饭（I like to go for movies with my friends once a month like that, and also for dinner），可见她喜欢定期跟朋友出去玩，所以选D。

Script

M: Susan, going back to school can be much fun for children, can't it?

W: It's most certainly not. In fact, for some children, it can be very upsetting. That feeling of going back to a routine is stressful. They have to adapt to a new timetable and the stress.

M: So is there a way to make starting up again easier after the summer break?

W: Yes, there're things that you can do. I mentioned routine before and that's the key. It's difficult to get back into a routine. So you need to try and prepare for it.

M: How to do that?

W: Well, sleep is the most important factor. During holidays, you don't have a proper sleeping routine. You get up when you want and you go to bed when you want.

M: I suppose that is why children love holidays.

W: Yeah, but it makes going back to school much more difficult. You need to enforce a bedtime routine at least a few days before your children go back to school. Also prepare everything the night before. Make sure you have all the clothes laid out to help avoid any early morning panic.

M: That makes sense. After all, the mornings are the hardest part. So what else can we do?

W: Well, there're clothes and school materials to buy. But you can also make this a positive experience. Take your children shopping and buy some fun notebooks, colorful pens with their favorite cartoons on them. It helps honestly.

12.How do children feel when going back to school after a summer break?

A) Excited.

B) Upset.

C) Calm.

D) Horrible.

正确答案为B你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士提到，对有些孩子来说，回学校是件特别沮丧的事儿（for some children, it can be very upsetting），所以选B。

13.What causes children to feel stress when they go back to school?

A) Having less sleep.

B) Doing schoolwork at night.

C) Going back to a routine life.

D) Getting up early to catch school bus.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士提到，回到一种惯例性的生活让孩子很有压力（That feeling of going back to a routine is stressful），所以选C。

14.According to the man's opinion, why do children love holidays?

A) Because they can travel a lot.

B) Because they don't have homework.

C) Because they have enough time to play.

D) Because they can choose their bedtime.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中男士说，孩子们之所以喜欢假期就是因为他们可以想什么时候睡就什么时候睡，想什么时候起就什么时候起（You get up when you want and you go to bed when you want），也就是自己安排睡觉时间，所以选D。

15.What can parents do before their children go back to school?

A) They can prepare everything for their children.

B) They can take their children shopping for school materials.

C) They can get up as early as possible to avoid morning panic.

D) They can help their children complete holiday assignments.

正确答案为B你没有作答。

解析：

音频中女士提到，开学之前可以带孩子去买一些学校用的东西，这样会很有帮助（Take your children shopping and buy some fun notebooks, colorful pens with their favorite cartoons on them. It helps honestly），所以选B。

Section B Understanding Passages

Directions：In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

本题得分：--/10分Script

Flash-playing is all about meeting strangers in a strange city for just a day. This weekend, why not fly to a city without deciding in advance and spend the day with a stranger, part at the end of the day and never see each other again? It sounds like a romantic film, but this is a novel activity for some young urban Chinese. And it is emerging as a method to reduce the pressure among young urban residents.

The flash-play community on the Internet is one of the most popular in China and has signed up thousands of members. Li Xu, a 26-year-old banker says, "Because of my high-pressure work, I use weekends to adjust my life. Fortunately, there is fast transport —the airplane, which can take me to another city and back in a short time."

He invented the term "flash-play," inspired by terms like "flash-mob," which refers to a large group of people who assemble suddenly in a public space, perform a pointless act, and then quickly move apart. He created a page for flash-play, which means "a form of trip in which people find companions quickly through the Internet, and travel to another city together."

16.What does "flash-play" refer to?

A) Traveling to a new place with friends.

B) Having a quick reunion with friends.

C) Meeting strangers in a strange city.

D) Chatting on the Internet with strangers.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到“闪玩”就是到一个陌生的城市，然后花一天的时间与一个陌生人在一起（fly to a city without deciding in advance and spend the day with a stranger, part at the end of the day and never see each other again），所以选C。

17.Why do young urban Chinese like "flash-play"?

A) Because they do not have time for long-time travel.

B) Because flash-play costs little travelling fees.

C) Because they need this recreation to lessen work pressure.

D) Because flash-play is a romantic experience for them.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，闪玩是都市年轻人缓解压力的一种方法（it is emerging as a method to reduce the pressure among young urban residents），所以选C。

18.What do flash-players normally do?

A) They find companions through newspapers.

B) They assemble in a private house to have a party.

C) They set up fixed groups and meeting time.

D) They get together for only one day.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，这些人花一天的时间在一起，分手之后就不会再见（spend the day with a stranger, part at the end of the day and never see each other again），所以选D。

Script

Call it a product of the local foods movement. But whatever the reason, more Americans are growing some of their own food.

Many need advice from experts like the master gardeners at the University of Maryland Extension service. The extension service has launched a campaign as a response to the huge new demand for information and help with home gardens. Master gardeners are helping less experienced people learn how to work the land. Food gardeners can join a network and put their garden on a map on the extension service web site. They aim to have one million food gardeners in Maryland to produce their own affordable healthy food. The current count of food gardeners is around 5,000 statewide.

Nationally, sales of garden supplies increased last year as people started or expanded food gardens. Shannon Dill says the weak economy is not the only reason people are trying to grow their own food to save money. Prices for fruits and vegetables at the store are up. Shannon Dill finds that growing food at home usually costs less than buying it at stores or restaurants. She also finds that people seem to be staying home more, so they have more time to work in the garden. And, she says, "People like to know where their food is coming from."

But sometimes people choose the wrong plants for the local growing conditions. Or they plant at the wrong time. Or they plant seeds too close together or in poor soil or without enough daily sunlight. Master gardeners can help people avoid mistakes.

19.Why did the extension service launch a campaign?

A) Because they want to absorb more master gardeners.

B) Because they want to set up a social network for master gardeners.

C) Because they want to provide help for less experienced gardeners.

D) Because they want to grow affordable and healthy food for people.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，进修部发起这项运动是为了满足巨大的信息需求，帮助在家的园艺爱好者（The extension service has launched a campaign as a response to the huge new demand for information and help with home gardens），所以选C。

20.Why do people like growing food at home?

A) Because they are too busy to buy food from the store.

B) Because it is a fashion to grow food of one's own.

C) Because they can sell their food to the store.

D) Because it is an effective way to save money.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，人们自己种植粮食是为了省钱（people are trying to grow their own food to save money），所以选D。

21.What problem do home gardeners have?

A) They lack professional gardening knowledge.

B) They cannot afford high quality seeds.

C) They do not have time to watch the plants.

D) They have to do everything all by themselves.

正确答案为A你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到了园艺爱好者们经常犯的错误有：所选的植物不适合当地的生长环境、种植时间不对、种植方式不当等（sometimes people choose the wrong plants for the local growing conditions. Or they plant at the wrong time. Or they plant seeds too close together or in poor soil or without enough daily sunlight），所有这些都可以归结为他们缺少专业知识，所以选A。

Script

While a WHO report has confirmed tobacco as the leading preventable cause of death in the world, a survey shows that reminding smokers of the fatal consequences of their habit may actually make them smoke more.

More than 94 percent of the world's people are not protected by laws against smoking, leaving them exposed to the biggest cause of preventable death, the World Health Organization said Wednesday. In a global tobacco epidemic report, the WHO said smoke-free policies were crucial to reducing the harm caused by second-hand smoke, which it said kills around 600,000 people each year and causes crippling, disfiguring illness and economic losses reaching tens of billions of dollars. "Unless urgent action is taken to control the tobacco epidemic, the annual death toll could rise to 8 million by 2030," the WHO report said.

However, a study by psychologists from the United States, Switzerland and Germany showed that warnings unrelated to death, such as "Smoking makes you unattractive" or "Smoking brings you and the people around you severe damage," were more effective in changing smokers' attitudes toward their habit. This was especially the case in people who smoked to boost their self-esteem, such as youths who took up the habit to impress or fit in with their peers, and others who thought smoking increased their social value, the researchers said.

"In general, when smokers are faced with death-related anti-smoking messages on cigarette packs, they produce active coping attempts as reflected in their willingness to continue the risky smoking behavior," the study said.

22.Why are most non-smokers exposed to smoking?

A) Because they are not aware of the potential risk.

B) Because non-smoking areas are too few in public places.

C) Because government encourages smoking for economic benefits.

D) Because they are not protected by laws against smoking.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，由于没有法律的保护，世界上94%的人口都面临着吸烟带来的死亡威胁（More than 94 percent of the world's people are not protected by laws against smoking, leaving them exposed to the biggest cause of preventable death），所以选D。

23.Which of the following is caused by second-hand smoke?

A) Environmental pollution.

B) Unattractive appearance.

C) Crippling, disfiguring illness and economic losses.

D) Brain damage.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，二手烟带来的危害包括跛腿、畸残类疾病和巨大的经济损失（causes crippling, disfiguring illness and economic losses reaching tens of billions of dollars），所以选C。

24.How can we change smokers' attitude toward their bad habit?

A) By reminding smokers of the high death possibility.

B) By telling smokers the harm of second-hand smoke.

C) By showing smokers warnings unrelated to death.

D) By taking actions against heavy smokers.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，与死亡不相关的警告能更加有效的改变吸烟者对于吸烟的态度（warnings unrelated to death…were more effective in changing smokers' attitudes toward their habit），所以选C。

25.What is the reason for youths to take up smoking?

A) To reduce their study pressure.

B) To escape from the real world.

C) To fight against their parents.

D) To get along well with their peers.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

音频中提到，年轻人吸烟是为了炫耀或者与同龄人打成一片（youths who took up the habit to impress or fit in with their peers），所以选D。

Section C Dictation

Directions：In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

本题得分：--/10分Script

In an event at the White House, President Barack Obama and his wife Michelle marked International Women's Day.

(26)Addressing students from different areas, the Obamas (27)referred to the progress women in America have made over the decades in (28)securing their rights.

Michelle Obama said the (29)purpose of the gathering was not only to express respect to persons in the (30)struggle for equality, but also to what she called the "quiet heroes" who, in the process of shaping America, achieved (31)extraordinary things.

President Obama said that the story of America's women, like that of the United States itself, has (32)peaks and valleys, but ultimately it has been one of progress against hardships that women continue to (33)confront . "Even as we reflect on the hope of our history, we must also face squarely the reality of the present—a reality marked by (34)unfairness , marked by hardship for too many women in America ," he said.

The president pointed to some of what he called the "statistics of inequality"— women making up more than half of the US population while occupying only 17 percent of the seats in the US Congress, and constituting less than three percent of Fortune 500 company (35)chief executive officers .

Madeleine Albright, a former Secretary of State pointed to the challenges women still face globally in achieving the same basic rights and dignity as men and boys. She said, though women have made great progress in obtaining legal recognition of their rights, they run up against some crushing realities.

26.正确答案为Addressing 你没有作答。

27.正确答案为referred 你没有作答。

28.正确答案为securing 你没有作答。

29.正确答案为purpose 你没有作答。

30.正确答案为struggle 你没有作答。

31.正确答案为extraordinary 你没有作答。

32.正确答案为peaks 你没有作答。

33.正确答案为confront 你没有作答。

34.正确答案为unfairness 你没有作答。

35.正确答案为chief executive officers 你没有作答。

Part Ⅲ

Section A Fill in the blanks

Directions：In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

本题得分：--/5分 Being fat is bad for you. On that, almost everyone agrees. It is just possible, though, that almost everyone is wrong. In fact, getting fat may be a mechanism that protects the body. The health problems (36)associated with fatness may not be caused by it but be another consequence, another symptom, of overeating.

That is the heretical (异端邪说的) (37)proposal of Roger Unger and Philipp Scherer. They have been (38)reviewing the science of what has come to be known as metabolic syndrome (代谢综合症). This is a host of symptoms such as high blood pressure, insulin (胰岛素) resistance and fatness that seem to increase the (39)risk of heart disease and strokes and liver disease. Metabolic syndrome is (40)found in one-sixth of the American population.

"Syndrome" is the medical term for a (41)collection of symptoms whose common cause is not properly understood. The symptom of metabolic syndrome that appears first is usually fatness, so this is generally regarded as the (42)potential cause.

Dr. Unger and Dr. Scherer, however, turn this logic on its head. They point out that there is usually a period of many years between a person becoming overweight and his (43)developing other symptoms. If the growth of the body cells was directly harmful, that would not be the case. This is one of the lines of evidence that has led them to the conclusion that, in addition

to its role in storing energy as a way to (44)fight against future famine, getting fat is a (45)protective mechanism against metabolic syndrome.

A) proposal

B) issue

C) developing

D) stored

E) protective

F) negative

G) fight

H) collection

I) reviewing

J) assigned

K) risk

L) found

M) discovered

N) associated

O) potential

36.正确答案为N) associated 你没有作答。

解析：N) associated

第36题：句子意思题。这里要表达的意思是：与肥胖有关的健康问题。be associated with sth为固定搭配，意思是“与……有关、与……相关的”，所以此处填人associated。

第37题：上下文联系题。上文描述了一种对于肥胖的新的认识理论，这里是说这就是由Roger Unger 和Philipp Scherer提出的貌似异端邪说的新提议。Proposal有“建议、提议”的意思，所以此处填入proposal。

第38题：逻辑分析和语法结构题。由句子的结构可知，此处需要填入一个动词的现在分词形式。由常识推断可知，一种新的理论的创立肯定是在回顾以往研究的基础之上的，review意为“回顾、审查”，意思最为合适，所以此处填入reviewing。

第39题：常识判断题。由常识可知，高血压、胰岛素抗拒和肥胖都可能会增加心脏病、中风和肝病风险，risk意为“危险性、风险”，所以此处填入risk。

第40题：句子意思题。这里要表达的意思是：研究发现六分之一的美国人患有代谢综合症。Find有“（经过研究、计算、测试等）发现、找出”的意思，这里用被动形式，所以此处填入found。

第41题：上下文联系题。上文提到syndrome时说这是指a host of symptoms（许多症状）。这里要选出与之意思相近的单词，a collection of 可以表示“一堆、许多”的意思，所以此处填入collection。

第42题：句子意思题。这里要表达的意思是：代谢综合症的首要表现一般是肥胖，所以肥胖往往被看做该病的潜在起因。Potential意为“潜在的、可能的”，所以此处填入potential。

第43题：单词用法题。Develop有患病、得病的意思。这里是说一个人体重超标和他患上其他症状之间通常有几年时间，所以此处填入developing。第44题：固定用法题。这里要表达的意思是：对抗将来的饥饿。Fight against为固定用法，意为“与……作战；对抗……”，所以此处填入fight。第45题：句子意思题。这里要表达的意思是：变胖是对抗代谢综合症的一种保护机制。Protective意思是“保护的、防护的”，所以此处填入protective。

37.正确答案为A) proposal 你没有作答。

解析：A) proposal

略

38.正确答案为I) reviewing 你没有作答。

解析：I) reviewing

略

39.正确答案为K) risk 你没有作答。

解析：K) risk

略

40.正确答案为L) found 你没有作答。

解析：L) found

略

41.正确答案为H) collection 你没有作答。

解析：H) collection

略

42.正确答案为O) potential 你没有作答。

解析：O) potential

略

43.正确答案为C) developing 你没有作答。

解析：C) developing

略

44.正确答案为G) fight 你没有作答。

解析：G) fight

略

45.正确答案为E) protective 你没有作答。

解析：E) protective

略

Section B Match

Directions：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.

本题得分：--/10分A Recently, climate scientists have taken a widely-spreading criticism in the media and on the Internet, accused of hiding data, covering up errors and preventing others from expressing views. Their response until now has been largely to assert the legitimacy (合法性) of the vast body of climate science and to call their critics as know-nothings.But the volume of criticism and the depth of doubt have only grown, and many scientists now realize they are facing a crisis of public confidence and have to fight back. Up to now, they are beginning to face their critics, admit mistakes, open up their data and reshape their working way.

B The release last fall of hundreds of e-mail messages from a major climate research center in England, and more recent exposure of a handful of errors in a supposedly authoritative United Nations report on climate change, have created what a number of top scientists say is a major destruction of faith in their research. They say this strong threat has undermined decades of work and has badly damaged public trust in the science.

C The e-mail episode, called "climategate" by critics, revealed arrogance (傲慢) and what one top climate researcher called "tribalism (宗派意识)" among some scientists. The correspondence appears to show efforts to limit publication of contrary opinions and to escape "Freedom of Information Act" requests. The content of the messages opened some well-known scientists to charges of concealing temperature data from rival researchers and manipulating results to be consistent with precooked conclusions. "I have obviously written some very awful e-mails," Phil Jones, the British climate scientist at the center of the controversy, admitted. But he sharply disagreed with charges that he had hidden data or faked results.

D After the e-mail was exposed, serious damage has already been done. A survey conducted in late December by Yale University and George Mason University found that the number of Americans who believed that climate change was just scientific cheat had more than doubled since 2008, to 16 percent of the population from 7 percent. An additional 13 percent of Americans said they thought that even if the planet was warming, it was a result solely of natural factors and was not a significant concern.

E Climate scientists have been shaken by the criticism and are beginning to look for ways to recover their reputation. "It's clear that the climate science community was just not prepared for the scale and intensity of the attacks and they simply have not responded quickly and appropriately," said Peter C. Frumhoff, an ecologist and chief scientist at the Union of Concerned Scientists. "We need

to acknowledge the errors and help turn attention from what's happening in the blogosphere (博客圈) to what's happening in the atmosphere."

F A number of institutions are beginning efforts to improve the quality of their science and to make their work more understandable. The official British climate agency is undertaking a complete review of its temperature data and will make its records and analysis fully public for the first time. Two universities are investigating the work of top climate scientists to determine whether they have violated academic standards and broken faith in science. The National Academy of Sciences is preparing to publish a non-technical paper outlining what is known—and not known—about changes to the global climate. And a hot debate is under way among climate scientists on how to make their work more transparent and regain public confidence.

G Some critics think these are merely useless efforts that do not address the real problem, however. Willis Eschenbach, an engineer and climate critic who posts frequently on climate skeptic (怀疑的) blogs, wrote in response to one climate scientist's proposal to share more research. "I don't want you to learn better ways to advertize for fake science. I don't want you to figure out how to inspire trust by covering your dishonest practices in new and creative ways. You should just do more successful and creative science."

H Ralph J. Cicerone, president of the National Academy of Sciences, the most well-known scientific body in the United States, said that there was a danger that the distrust of climate science could mushroom into doubts about scientific inquiry more broadly. He said that scientists must do a better job of policing themselves and trying to be heard over the loudest voices on cable news, talk radio and the Internet. "This is a job that scientists have not had much experience in," said Dr. Cicerone, a specialist in atmospheric chemistry.No scientific body is under more hostile scrutiny than the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, which collects the climate research of hundreds of scientists around the globe and changes the research into periodic reports intended to be the final statement of the science and a guide for policy makers. Critics, citing several relatively minor errors in its most recent report and charges of conflict of interest against its leader, Rajendra K. Pachauri, are calling for the IPCC to be dismissed or radically reformed.

I On Saturday, after weeks of refusing to engage critics, the IPCC announced that it was asking for the creation of an independent panel to review its research procedures to try to eliminate bias and errors from future reports.

J "Scientists must continually earn the public's trust or we risk falling into a new Dark Age where ideology (意识形态) groups reason," Dr. Pachauri said. But some scientists said that responding to climate change skeptics was a foolish thing. "Climate scientists are paid to do climate science," said Gavin A. Schmidt, a senior climatologist with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's Goddard Institute of Space Studies. "Their job is not persuading the public." He said that the recent hostility to climate science had been driven as much by the cold winter as by any real or perceived scientific sins.

"The answer is simple," Dr. Schmidt said. "Good science is the best way to fight all the criticism back."

46.Scientists should remember that their job is to do good science. J

正确答案为J 你没有作答。

解析：J

文章J部分从另一个角度看待批评家对气象学家的批评，认为科学家更应关注科学，而不是去回应对科学的怀疑和批评，而做好科学就是对批评的最好反击。Climate scientists are paid to do climate science. Their job is not persuading the public. "The answer is simple," Dr. Schmidt said. "Good science is the best way to fight all the criticism back."

47.Finally many scientists realize that they should accept the public criticism and regain the public support although they thought their cirtics were ignorant. A

正确答案为 A 你没有作答。

解析：A

文章A部分中开始提到公众对气象学家的批评，隐藏数据，掩盖错误，不容许别人表达观点，气象学家并不接受批评。但随后批评呼声越来越高，气象学家意识到他们将失去公众威望，于是开始直面批评，承认错误，公开数据。But the volume of criticism and the depth of doubt have only grown, and many scientists now realize they are facing a crisis of public confidence and have to fight back. Up to now, they are beginning to face their critics, admit mistakes, open up their data and reshape their working way.

48.After the exposure, more Americans thought that they were cheated by the climate scientists. D

正确答案为 D 你没有作答。

解析：D

文章D部分主要内容是说曝光带来的严重后果，使更多的美国人相信气候变暖是科学欺骗，是自然因素造成的结果，不值得过多关注。A survey conducted in late December by Yale University and George Mason University found that the number of Americans who believed that climate change was just scientific cheat had more than doubled since 2008, to 16 percent of the population from 7 percent. An additional 13 percent of Americans said they thought that even if the planet was warming, it was a result solely of natural factors and was not a significant concern.

49.Climate scientists need to do something that they haven't experienced before in order to change the status quo. H

正确答案为H 你没有作答。

解析：H

文章H部分是国家科学院院长对气象学家的期望，他认为，气象学家一定要做好整顿工作，要关注公众的声音。而这一点恰好又是科学家们所欠缺的。He said that scientists must do a better job of policing themselves and trying to be heard over the loudest voices on cable news, talk radio and the Internet. "This is a job that scientists have not had much experience in."

50.The exposure of errors has badly ruined the public confidence in the science. B

正确答案为 B 你没有作答。

解析：B

文章B部分讲述对大量气象错误的曝光大大损坏了民众对科学研究的信赖，而且威胁到几十年的气象工作成果。….more recent exposure of a handful of errors in a supposedly authoritative United Nations report on climate change, have created what a number of top scientists say is a major destruction of faith in their research. They say this strong threat has undermined decades of work and has badly damaged public trust in the science.

51.Scientists need to regain their reputation and draw the public attention again back to the climate change. E

正确答案为 E 你没有作答。

解析：E

文章E部分提到气候科学家没有想到会受到如此强烈的攻击，正着力寻找出路恢复名誉，使大众再次关注环境，而不要过分关注博客。Climate scientists have been shaken by the criticism and are beginning to look for ways to recover their reputation. We need to acknowledge the errors and help turn attention from what's happening in the blogosphere (博客圈) to what's happening in the atmosphere. 52.Some scientists were charged with hiding data and faking results. C

正确答案为 C 你没有作答。

解析：C

文章C部分提到某些知名科学家被指控隐藏数据，编造结果。但也有科学家不同意此说法。The content of the messages opened some well-known scientists to charges of concealing temperature data from rival researchers and manipulating results to be consistent with precooked conclusions.

53.However, some critics are still unsatisfied with the climate scientists and their work. G

正确答案为G 你没有作答。

解析：G

文章G部分表明批评家们仍然对气象学家所做的改进工作不满意，认为气象学家没有解决实际问题。Some critics think these are merely useless efforts that do not address the real problem, however. "I don't want you to learn better ways to advertize for fake science. I don't want you to figure out how to inspire trust by covering your dishonest practices in new and creative ways. You should just do more successful and creative science."

54.The officials and institutions are making efforts to imporve their work and trying to regain public confidence. F

正确答案为 F 你没有作答。

解析：F

文章F部分主要是针对上面出现的问题，各个部门通力合作，开始采取措施，努力使得公众重新认可他们的工作，获取公众的信任。

55.The United Nations IPCC were forced by the critics to reform, reviewing its research procedures and trying to eliminate bias and errors from their reports. I

正确答案为I 你没有作答。

解析：I

文章I部分主要讲述IPCC联合国政府间气候变化专门委员会所面临的压力，必须重新审视研究过程，努力在将来的工作中剔除错误。On Saturday, after weeks of refusing to engage critics, the IPCC announced that it was asking for the creation of an independent panel to review its research procedures to try to eliminate bias and errors from future reports.

Section C Reading Comprehension

Directions：There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D).

本题得分：--/20分 Worried that the 27-year-old man making $70,000 as profiled (描绘) on an online dating service isn't so young or taking home that much cash? Chances are he's telling the truth if the site is aimed at long-term relationships. But if he's lying, he's probably a people pleaser—the type of person who'd try to put himself in the best light even if you'd found him offline first.

In Professor Jeffrey Hall's survey of 5,020 men and women who belonged to an undisclosed Internet dating site, most respondents (被访者) indicated they wouldn't lie. But those saying they were most likely to lie generally gave answers to other questions indicating they were people pleasers, or "high self-monitors." Such people want to be liked and fit in, these people, whether online or off, may lie about weight, age, income and interests, Hall said.

In the study, published in the February issue of the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, respondents were asked to rate on a 10-point scale the likelihood that they would misrepresent their education, income, relationship goals, personal interests, weight and age to a potential date online. "On average, answers were close to around 2 for the most part, which means less likely," Hall said. Men indicated they were more likely than women to lie in every category except weight, according to the study.

However, the differences between men and women were small, Hall said. For example, men led women 2.01 to 1.83 when it came to lying about education and income. Women led men 3.24 to 2.37 in lying about weight. "Personality makes much more of a difference in how much people lie," Hall said. "People interested in long-term relationships tend to be the users that are attracted to this site."

"Online daters shouldn't be concerned that most people are presenting a false impression of themselves," Hall said in a news release before Thursday's phone interview. "What influences face-to-face dating influences the online world, too."

56.What is the passage mainly about?

A) A 27-year-old man making $70,000 is dating online.

B) People pleasers always lie to others online and offline.

C) People should not believe in online dating.

D) Online daters don't lie as much as people think they do.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

文章主要是呈现了一项调查研究的结果，被访者们对相关问题的回答表明，大部分人都不会谎报自己的个人信息，人们一般寻求的是一种长期的关系，因此谎报现象并没有人们想象的那么严重，所以选D。

57.According to Professor Jeffrey Hall, those "high self-monitors" always ________.

A) aim at having a long-term relationship

B) behave as such people that everyone likes

C) try various ways to make other people like them

D) lie about their weight, age, income and interests

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

文章第二段第三句话指出，这些“high self-monitors”希望能够讨人喜欢，与周围人打成一片（Such people want to be liked and fit in），所以选C。

58.What's one finding of the study mentioned in Paragraph 3 and 4?

A) Men lie in more aspects than women when dating online.

B) Women lie in more aspects than men when dating online.

C) Women are more likely to lie about their salary.

D) Men are more likely to lie about their weight.

正确答案为A你没有作答。

解析：

文章第三段最后一句话指出，在除了体重之外的所有测试项目中，男性都表示比女性更容易谎报（Men indicated they were more likely than women to lie in every category except weight），因此男性在很多方面都比女性容易说谎，所以选A。

59.How much people would lie online is determined by ________.

A) their weight

B) their income

C) their height

D) their personality

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

文章第四段第四句话指出，人们是否撒谎更多的取决于他们的性格（Personality makes much more of a difference in how much people lie），所以选D。

60.What can we conclude from Professor Hall's words?

A) Online daters shouldn't be too worried about being cheated.

B) Online daters should try to change people's impression of them.

C) Face-to-face dating is far safer than online dating.

D) Face-to-face dating is becoming less popular today.

正确答案为A你没有作答。

解析：

文章第五段第一句话指出，网上约会的人不用过于担心大多数人会提供不实的个人信息（Online daters shouldn't be concerned that most people are presenting a false impression of themselves），也就是说，不用过于担心会被骗，所以选A。

People who are obese (过度肥胖) are at increased risk of becoming depressed, and people who are depressed are at increased risk of becoming obese, Dutch researchers have found.

Luppino of Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands, said the analysis was not designed to determine a given person's risk of depression, only to figure out how much obesity increased that risk.

However, for comparison, a recent study funded by the National Institute of Mental Health found that nearly one out of four cases of obesity is associated with a mood or anxiety disorder. Their findings appear to support what other studies have found—that obesity, which is on the increase in the US—is associated with increasing rates of depression and other mental health problems.

In contrast to obesity, the association between depression and being overweight (but not obese) did not run the other way, Luppino noted. Being overweight increased the risk of depression in initially non-depressed individuals somewhat, but depression did not increase the risk of being overweight over time.

The findings, reported in the latest issue of the Archives of General Psychiatry, also suggest that the link between obesity and later depression is morepronounced among Americans than among Europeans.

Why? "A dose-response association—meaning the higher the Body Mass Index is, the more depressed people get—might explain the association," Luppino said. And the average American weighs more than the average European.

However, the effect of the psychological distress should not be neglected, the researcher said. "Overweight and obesity can induce low self-esteem and body dissatisfaction," Luppino explained, "especially in Western countries where thinness is often considered a beauty ideal." "Because both depression and obesity carry major health implications, it is very important to try to prevent and treat both," Luppino said.

The Dutch team encourages doctors to collaborate (合作) and exchange their professional skills. Doctors treating patients who are overweight or obese could screen their patients for depression and vice versa—psychiatrists (精神病医生) or general doctors encountering depressed patients could suggest their overweight patients see a doctor who can help them balance their diet, Luppino suggests.

61.What's the purpose of the study by Luppino of Leiden University Medical Center?

A) To find out how common depression is among people.

B) To find out how depression patients can be cured.

C) To find out the risk of depression caused by obesity.

D) To find out the approximate death rate of depression.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

文章第二段指出，此项研究的目的是要搞清楚什么程度的过度肥胖会增加抑郁症的风险（to figure out how much obesity increased that risk），所以选C。

62.What is the meaning of "pronounced" in Paragraph 5?

A) Readable.

B) Declared.

C) Uttered.

D) Definite.

正确答案为D你没有作答。

解析：

pronounced意为“明显的、显眼的”。四个选项中，readable意为“文字清晰的”，declared意为“公开声明的”，uttered意为“说出的”，definite意为“清楚的、明确的”，显然definite与之意思最为接近，所以选D。

63.What can we learn from the fact that Americans are fatter than Europeans?

A) Americans are more likely to get depressed.

B) Americans are not satisfied with their life.

C) Europeans have very low self-esteems.

D) Europeans don't often eat fast food.

正确答案为A你没有作答。

解析：

文章第五段提到，美国人过度肥胖与晚年抑郁症之间的联系要比欧洲人更显著（the link between obesity and later depression is more pronounced among Americans than among Europeans.），由此可以推断，美国人肥胖比重超过欧洲人，这也会使得他们更容易抑郁，所以选A。

64.What suggestion does Luppino give to doctors who treat depressed patients?

A) They should learn from other doctors to improve their skills.

B) hey should consider the patients' diet while treating them.

C) They should treat the patients by using anti-depression drugs.

D) They should examine medical history of the patients' family.

正确答案为B你没有作答。

解析：

文章都八段结尾处指出，在治疗超重的抑郁症病人时，医生们可以建议病人去看其他医生，帮助平衡他们的饮食（psychiatrists (精神病医生) or general doctors encountering depressed patients could suggest their overweight patients see a doctor who can help them balance their diet），可见医生需要考虑病人的饮食问题，所以选B。

65.What's the main idea of this passage?

A) Depressed people are more likely to be overweight.

B) Overweight people are more likely to be depressed.

C) Overweight and depression are well connected.

D) Overweight and depression are totally separate.

正确答案为C你没有作答。

解析：

文章通篇都在讲体重超标或是过度肥胖与抑郁症之间的关系，指出这两种现象是密切联系的，即肥胖会增加抑郁的风险，反之亦然。可见文章主旨就是指出肥胖与抑郁的密切关系，所以选C。

Part Ⅳ

Directions：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.

本题得分：--/15分66.很多外国人对中国文化的了解，最早往往是通过遍布世界各地的中国餐馆，他们知道中国是一个讲究饮食文化的国家。占第二位的大概就是京剧。京剧的脸谱几乎成了中国文化的一个代表性的符号，一种象征。许多国家举办“中国文化年”，招贴画上往往画着一个大大的京剧脸谱。要了解中国文化，确实不能不了解京剧。

你的答案

未作答

参考范文

Many foreign friends first learn about Chinese culture through the numerous Chinese restaurants found all over the world, and soon discern that China is a country with delicious cuisine. The second impression of Chinese culture is often Peking Opera, whose masks are now almost emblematic (标志性的) of China. Many countries design posters using Peking Opera masks to signal a "Year of Chinese Culture". To understand Chinese culture, therefore, some knowledge about Peking Opera is indeed indispensable.

范文点评：

2020年大学英语四级考试新题型样卷答案

大学英语四级考试新题型样卷答案 Part I Writing A Campaign Speech Good evening，ladies and gentlemen, Thank you for coming to this election campaign today. With the trust and complete support of my team, I am delighted to announce that I am running for chairman of the Student Union. As a diligent man with pleasant personality, I have been always considered to be a good team member. Meanwhile, as a big fan of sports I fully realize the importance of teamwork and advocate the spirit of being quicker and stronger. I possess strong determination to take firm steps toward achieving the objectives of my team. In addition, my working experience with the Student Union in the past two years will be extremely helpful to my future work here if I get elected. A sign of a really strong organization is that it can change its leadership without hindering its progress and without damaging its values. If I am elected, I believe I have the capability to lead the Union to advance in the right direction. I will cooperate well with my fellow members of the Union and take innovative measures, including establishing a student-information center, forming a teacher-student-friendship association, to make the Union a true assistance t o students’study and life here as well as a bridge of communication between teachers and students. Thank you very much! Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1.Y 2.Y 3.N 4.N 5.Y 6.N 7.NG 8. municipalities and construction companies 9. $10 to $40 10. drop-off stations Part III Listening Comprehension Section A 11-15 DBACB 16-20 CDCDB 21-25 BCAAD Section B

四级笔试新题型模拟题07(1)

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