大学英语(医学院校版)下 unit 3赵贵旺

译文：

能源意识利在未来

The world is running out of oil, and energy experts believe that there could be serious shortages in ten years’ time. Not only is each individual using more oil than ever before, as the standard of living in industrialized countries rises, but the population explosion means that each year many more people will be using oil in some form or other. Until recently we took oil for granted: it seemed it would never stop flowing. It was so cheap and plentiful that the whole world came to depend on it. Governments neglected other sources of energy: electricity was generated from oil and power stations were fired by it. It found its way into many of the products of light industry. Many people are surprised when they learn how many items in their homes contain oil.

世界上的石油将消耗殆尽，能源专家认为不出十年就会出现严重的石油匮乏。随着工业化国家生活水平的提高，不仅每个人都要比任何时候消费更多的石油，而且人口爆炸意味着每年都会有更多的人以各种方式消费石油。直到最近，人们还在认为石油是唾手可得的：它似乎是取之不尽、用之不竭的，它的价格低廉，储量丰富，以至全世界都在依赖它。各国政府普遍忽视了其他能源的开发：发电也用石油，发电站运转也依靠石油。许多轻工业产品也都倚重石油做原料。当许多人发现他们家中有那么多物品与石油有不解之缘时，都不胜惊讶。The increase in the price of oil has brought the world to its senses. Governments are searching for a suitable alternative, but so far in vain. They are considering how they can make better use of the two other major fuels, coal and natural gas, but they have found that neither can take the place of oil in their economies. In recent years there has been a growing concern for the environment and coal is not a popular fuel with environmentalists. Coal mines are ugly, and their development has a serious effect on animal and plant life; coal itself is a heavy pollutant. Natural gas, the purest of the three fuels, is also the most limited in supply.

石油价格的上涨给世界敲响了警钟。各国政府都在寻找合适的代用品，不过迄今为止徒劳无获。他们正在考虑更充分地利用其他两种燃料：煤和天然气。但是，他们发现无论哪一种也不能代替石油在经济发展中的作用。近年来，人们的环境意识日益增强，煤作为燃料不受环境保护者欢迎。煤矿破坏自然生态，煤矿的开采严重危及动植物的生存，煤本身也是严重的污染物。天然气是这三种燃料中最纯净的，可是可供应量也是最有限的。

The answer would seem to lie in nuclear power stations. They need very little fuel to produce enormous amount of power and they do not pollute the atmosphere. Their dangers, however, are so great and the cost of building them is so high that some governments are unwilling to invest in them. Not only could one accident in a single nuclear power station spread as much radioactivity as a thousand Hiroshima atom bombs, but the radioactive waste from these stations is extremely dangerous—for one hundred thousand years. So is there no possible alternative to nuclear power?

想解决这个问题，看来要寄希望于核电站了。核电站只需消耗极少的燃料就能产生巨大的能量，并且不会对大气造成污染。然而，核电站的危险性很大，造价甚高，所以一些政府不愿为此投资。一座核电站的一次事故，不但造成放射性物质泄漏，危害程度相当于1000颗投于广岛的原子弹，而且核电站产生的放射性废物也极其危险——其危险性要持续10万年之久。那么，就没有什么东西可能代替核能吗？

Well, there are several, but none of them seems likely to satisfy future world energy demands. Scientists have recently turned their attention to natural sources of energy: the sun, the sea, the wind and hot springs. Of these the sun seems the most promising source for the future. Houses have already been built which are heated entirely by solar energy. However, solar energy can only

be collected during daylight hours, and in countries where the weather is unreliable, an alternative heating system has to be included.

倒是有几种能源可供选择，但看起来都不可能满足未来世界对能量的需求。科学家们近年来已将注意力转向自然能源：太阳、海洋、风和温泉，其中太阳能似乎是未来最有发展前途的能源。人们已建成了完全由太阳能供热的房屋。可是，太阳能只能在白天采集，而且天气变幻无常的国家，这种房子还必须配置一套备用供热系统。

Experiments are being carried out at the University of Arizona on ways of storing energy on a large scale. To satisfy a large part of the energy needs of a country like America, huge power stations covering 5,000 square miles would have to be built and one wonders whether this would be acceptable to environmentalists. While experiments in generating energy from the sea and the wind are interesting, neither can be considered an obvious solution to a future energy crisis; the first because a lot of energy is needed to generate from the sea, and the second because the amount of energy generated from wind would satisfy only a small percentage of a nation’s needs.亚利桑那大学正在进行试验，探求大规模储存太阳能的方法。研究表明，必须建造占地面积达5000平方英里的巨型太阳能发电站，方能满足像美国这样一个国家的大部分能量需求，而且人们对环境保护主义者能否接受这样的计划尚存疑虑。虽然开发海洋能量和风能的实验令人感兴趣，但是可以认为，两者在解决未来能源危机方面均不会取得显著的效果。前者是因为海洋能源开发本身就需要消耗大量的能量，后者是因为风能开发量只能满足全国需求的很小部分。

Another source of energy which could be more widely used is that generated by water or steam from under the earth (geothermal energy as it is called). This form of energy is already being used in New Zealand, Iceland, and very successfully in Italy, where it in fact generates a quarter of the nation’s electricity.

还有一种可能会获得更广泛应用的能源，是由开采地下热水或水蒸气得到的（称之为地热能）。这种形式的能量已经在新西兰、冰岛和意大利开发利用。在意大利尤为成功，地热发电量已占意大利总发电量的四分之一。

Many scientists are optimistic that new ways of generating large amounts of energy will be successfully developed, but at the same time they fear the consequences. If the world population goes on increasing at its present rate, and each individual continues to use more energy every year, we may, in fifty years’ time, be burning up so much energy that we would damage the earth’s atmosphere. By raising the tempera ture of the atmosphere, we could melt the Arctic and Antarctic ice-caps and change the pattern of vegetable and animal life throughout the world—a frightening possibility.

许多科学家对未来一定会成功地研究出开发大量能源的新方法持乐观态度，但同时也对其后果忧心忡忡。如果世界人口以目前的速度持续增长，而且人均能源消耗逐年增加的话，50年之内，我们使用燃料所排放的气体就足以破坏地球大气层。人为造成的大气温度升高，可能会引起南北极的冰盖融化，致使全球动植物的生存模式改变——后果不堪设想。

These dangers will have to be kept in mind as scientists continue with their experiments. In the meantime, we can all help to protect the environment by not wasting energy. This means driving more carefully (if you have to use a car—it’s healthier and cheaper to ride a bike) and turning off unnecessary lighting and heating in the home. In these small ways we can all help to make the world a cleaner, healthier place for future generations.

科学家们今后继续他们的实验时，必须将这些危险牢记在心。与此同时，我们也都能通过节约能源，为保护环境做贡献。这就意味着少开汽车（如果你不得不用汽车的话——骑自行车

更有利健康，也更省钱），关掉家中不必要的照明和供热装置。从这些点滴小事做起，我们就能尽自己的一份力，为子孙后代创造一个更加清洁，更加健康的生存环境。

新版新目标英语八年级下册unit3知识点总结

Unit 3 Could you please clean your room? Section A 1.Could you please do sth ?用于提出请求，希望得到对方肯定回答，语气较委婉。 肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem. 否定回答：Sorry , I can’t. / I’m afraid I can’t. 在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，以表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can 则不具备这些语气。这种情况下不能把could 看作can 的过去式。以上两句中用could 是为了表示礼貌的请求。表示请求帮助或请求允许时，除了can, could 之外，还可以用may，句子的表达方式也各有不同，可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念。Could / Can / May I use your car for a day? 作允答可以各种各样： 如同意可以说Yes，或Sure 或Certainly，还可说Yes, (do) please. 或Of course. (you may / can). 或That's OK / all right. 如果不同意，可以说I'm sorry you can't. 或I'm really sorry, but I have to use it today. 要避免说No, you can't. 这样显得很不礼貌。否定回答通常用委婉语气。 2. take (1)取，拿：Please take some books to the classroom. (2)吃，喝，服用Take some medicine. (3)乘车，船等We can take a bus to the park. (4)花费（时间、金钱）It took me 2 hours to do my homework. take care of 照顾take a walk 散步take awa拿take up占据take place 发生take off脱下； take one’s time慢慢来 3.problem question 问题 problem客观存在待解决的问题，侧重困难。Solve the problem question因存疑而提出问题，侧重疑惑。answer the question 4.(1)neither adv 也不句子须部分倒装。此时可用nor替换neither I don’t like this dress. 我不喜欢这件连衣裙。Neither / Nor do I. 我也不喜欢。 【注意】肯定句：He likes beef..--So do I. 我也喜欢。 (2) neither …nor… 既不…也不…, 连接两个词做主语，谓语动词就近原则Neither Tom nor I am a student (3) neither 作代词表示“两个都不”，它作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。Neither of my parents is at home. 辨析also, too, either, neither (1)also 较正式，在句中位于行为动词前，系动词、助动词或情态动词之后。 Peter also likes beef. I am also a student. She can also swim. (2)too较口语，多用在肯定句句末。 (3)either 表示“也”时，一般只用于否定句句末。 I don’t have much money either. (4)neither 用作副词，意为“也不”解释，句子须采用部分倒装。 also和too常用于肯定句，neither用于否定句； either表示“也”用于否定，但either…or用于肯定。 5.or 否定句也不We don’t have tea or coffee. 陈述句或者Answer me yes or no. 疑问句还是Do you like red or pink? 表转折否则祈使句Hurry up, or you will be late.

大学英语综合教程1练习答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Part II Language Focus V ocabulary Ⅰ. 1. 1. respectable 2. agony 3. put…down 4. sequence 5. hold back 6. distribute 7. off and on 8. vivid 9. associate 10. finally 11. turn in 12. tackle 2. 1. has been assigned to the newspaper’s Paris office. 2. was so extraordinary that I didn’t know whether to believe him or not. 3. a clear image of how she would look in twenty years’time. 4. gave the command the soldiers opened fire. 5. buying bikes we’ll keep turning them out.

3. 1. reputation, rigid, to inspire 2. and tedious, What’s more, out of date ideas 3. compose, career, avoid showing, hardly hold back Ⅱ. 1. composed 2. severe 3. agony 4. extraordinary 5. recall 6. command 7. was violating 8. anticipate Ⅲ. 1. at 2. for 3. of 4. with 5. as 6. about 7. to 8. in, in 9. from

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eat breakfast-have breakfast , eat lunch-have lunch, eat dinner-have dinner play sports-do sports, usually-often 复数形式：policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen 现在分词：tell-telling 第三人称单数：say-says 同义句：What do you do ? ---What are you? 你是干什么的？ 表示频度的副词：always 总是，一直；usually 通常，常常；often 经常；sometimes 有时候以复数形式出现的词组：visit grandparents ,plant trees 介词后跟表示时间的词语时，表示在某年、某月、某个季节，某个时候（在上午，在下午，在晚上）用in;表示在某一天，在星期几用on,在具体的几点几分用at. too 和either的用法区别：too和either都是“也”的意思，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。 五年级下册英语第二单元知识点整理 一、主要单词和短语： season 季节 spring 春天 summer 夏天 fall 秋天 winter 冬天 swim 游泳 fly kites 放风筝 skate 滑冰 make a snowman 堆雪人 plant trees 种树 二、主要句子：

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Unit 3. Could you please clean your room 一、短语动词 1、take out 带出去；取出；拔出；除掉动副词组 代词作宾语时必须放在两词之间。 2、come over 固定短语过来，顺便来访，拜访。后面加介词to，后接表示地点的名词作宾语。 拓展：take out of 把---从---取出/带出 3、hang →hung→hung hang out 闲逛；溜达。 4、throw down扔下；随手丢下其中throw可用作及物或不及物动词，意为扔，掷→threw→thrown 拓展：throw at向----扔去（带有攻击性）throw to 扔给---（不含恶 意）throw away扔掉 SectionB 1、、 2、take care of 照顾；照料。相当于look after后可接名词、(反身）代词作宾语。Take good care of相当于look after well 3、 二、动词用法 1、finish 及物动词完成后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式作宾语。拓展：与finish一样用法的动词或动词短语有：enjoy/look forward to/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up 2、pass用作及物动词给；递；pass sb sth =pass sth to sb把某物

递给某人。走过、通过（考试等） 作不及物动词，（时间）过去，流逝 3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。非延续性动词Lend(lent;lent) sb sth=lend sth to sb借给某人某物。非延续性动词& Keep 由“保存”引申为“借”，延续性动词，可与时间段连用。四川-----Excuse me,can I_____your pen -----sorry,I have_____it to Bob. A.borrow;lend ;borrowed ;borrowed ;lent 4、hate及物动词厌恶；讨厌，表示一种感情或心理状态，不能用于进行时态。Hate sb/sth不喜欢某人或某物 Hate to do/doing sth 厌恶做某事（某一次或经常性的）相当于like的用法。 SectionB 1、invite及物动词邀请名词invitation 邀请；请帖。 Invite sb to +地点名词。邀请某人到某地。 Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事。 2、￥ 3、make sb do sth 让某人做某事。 4、动词辨析： 单词主语常用结构含义 Spend(spent) 人sb spend time/money on sth Sb spend time/money doing sth

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1.V alentine’s Day probably....ever since. (BCADA) 1.to trace back 2.they would’t concentrate 3.Refused to obey 4.496 AD 5.to show our 2.Having raised eight children....can provide. (BABCD) 1. How to show 2.may by a famous 3.he had a 4.material wealth does 5.to give them 3.In the 1990s...of their class (CABCD) 1.The devaluation 2.prove the trend 3.reducing in 4.people can’t 5.The Devaluation 4.We received your letter....such trip (BABCC) 1.To express the difficulties 2.they advertise 3.we can’t afford 4.may not 5.the sales agent 5.In the future....says Leon (BABDA) 1.people with the 2.they may lose money 3.Scientists want 4.To illustrate 5.What’s Best 6.Criticism has been....own games (BDDCA) 1.Parents of 2.Because they have seen 3.To promise 4.Fewer referees would 5.Abusing. 7.Only about 15....of obesity (ADCDA) 1.people do not 2.He is one 3.Stretching at work 4.Extreme fatness 5.Ten minutes to 8.Y ou may recall....J.J.Budd (BBCAD) 1.a company 2.he wants new 3.Raj Rammanvihal works 4.familiar with 5.a formal letter 9.Fifteen-year-old...learn now (DAABC) 1.kept so that 2.they fail to 3.A list of the result 4.academic achievement 5. a teacher in 10.Most Americans will....and responsible? (ADDCD) 1.Positive 2.admission 3.helps students both 4.To ensure that 5.School that offer 11.A study issued...shared responsibility (BCDBA) https://www.wendangku.net/doc/0615398279.html,mitment to 2.enter school 3.60--80% 4.making young people 5.Social environment 12.When i was four....be impossible (CDCCB) 1.kept him away 2.attended classes 3.be different 4.to give a 5.knowledge from outside 13Bin Ben is one of....a guide (CBACD) 1.a light 2.Coins a 3.the old 4.1924 5.Undamaged 14.John Colter was....mud holes (DADBC) 1.Y ellowstone Park 2.Moran and 3.for more 4.was once not 5.The History 15.One day Walt ....the future” (CCBCB) 1.Building a 2.improved the 3.Its spot 4.Fantasyland 5.Disneyland 16.At sixteen Ron....the book (DACBC) 1.Ron was 2.he wanted 3.The job 4.four 5.he knew 17.When faced with.....international scale (BBCBB) 1.A good death means 2.Never say 3.Tube feeding 4.to adapt 5.Death is 18.On Mother’s Day....of dying (AACAD) 1.she wanted 2.to do something 3.Mom had 4.not busy 5.as the tablecloth 19.While caring for.... Their lives. (CDBBD) 1.Women provide 2.volunteer assistance 3.tain family 4.people who 5.to talk to 20.On the morning ....our grief. (CBADB) 1.someone bombed 2.angels in 3.There was 4.He was elbowed 5. We should 21.With so many scientists...the study (BCADD) 1.The possible 2.the former 3.focusing on 4.are the 5.Freed and Lin’s stress 22.Engineering design aims....so important. (BABCD) 1.Some factors 2.pulled down 3.Building ..reconstructed 4.effect of 5.rivers and

【范文】高三英语必修五Unit3重要知识点总结(词汇部分人教版)

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