九年级全一册语法知识点整理与复习
九年级全一册语法知识点整理与复习
一、现在完成时精讲精练
I.定义：
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
2.也可以表示过去已经开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态
II.现在完成时的结构
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。
如：I have lived here for more than thirty years.我已在此住了30多年。
III.现在完成时的时间状语
1.ever, never, twice（once…）, so far（到目前为止）, , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）, recently（近来）等词连用
2.Since+时间点，for+时间段，in the past/last few years
表示短暂时间动作的词，如:come，go，die，marry，buy等的完成时不能与for，since等表示一段时间的词连用。用来持续的动作或状态或表过去重复的动作，如live，study，be，wait等，常和since（自从）或for（经历）引导的词语连用。
说明：already与yet都有“已经”的意思，但already常用于肯定句，并用于句中。yet常用于否定句和疑问句，并用于句末。例如：
I have already finished my homework.
I haven’t finished my homework yet. Have you finished your homework yet?
They have left. (他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里)
I have had my lunch. (我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿)
I can’t find my watch now. I think I have already lost it.
注意：1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterday, last week, three years ago 等;
2)不能与when连用
IV.现在完成时的用法
A．表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调对现在造成的影想或结果）。例如：
The car has arrived.车子来了。（结果：车子已在门口）
Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。（结果：窗户仍破着）
B. 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括“现在”在内）的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。例如：
My uncle has worked at this factory for five years.
我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。
Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002.
自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。
How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了？
用相应的延续性动词替换短暂性动词，句中谓语动词用现在完成时，时间状语为“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”。如：
He has been in the Green China for three years.
He has been a member of the Green China for three years.
他加入“绿色中国”已经三年了。
The old man died 4 years ago.---- The old man has been dead for 4 years.
He joined the Party 2 years ago.---- He has been in the Party for 2 years.
I bought the book 5 days ago.---- I have had the book for 5 days.
表示时间段的短语有:for+一段时间(for 2 years), since+从句(since he came here), since+时间点名词( since last year, since 5 days ago),how long; for a long time等。
V.现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别
1一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。
I saw this film yesterday.（强调动作发生的时间是yesterday 。）
I have seen this film.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
2一般过去时和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：…ago, last week/...
In 2008, in the past, just now, the day before yesterday, yesterday ...
Then(那时),that day, one day, once(从前)
现在完成时常和recently（近来），ever, never, twice, so far（到目前为止）, since，for，in the past/last few years , already（肯定句）, yet（否定，疑问句）, just(刚刚), before（以前）连用。现在完成时不与表示过去的时间状语连用。
现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.
VI.比较have/has been to、have/has gone to 和have been in
have(has) been to...表示“曾去过某地，已经从那里回来了”，可以和ever、never、twice等连用。have(has) gone to表示“已经去了某地，在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”。have(has) been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”，常与表示一段时间的状语连用，如：since, for, how long 等
He went to Shanghai last week 上周他去了上海
He has been to Shanghai.
他(曾经)到/去过上海.(但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了)
He has gone to Shanghai.
他已经去上海了.(也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里)
Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生来上海已经有三天了。
注意：（一）结构
1.肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
2.否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他
3.一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
Yes, 主语+have/has. No , 主语+have/has+not
4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
（二）当现在完成时与表示短时间的时间状语连用时，谓语动词必须使用延续性动词。如果谓语动词是非延续性动词则转化为对应的延续性动词。若不是和短时间连用，则不用转化。
英语的行为动词有持续性动词和瞬间性动词之分，使用中应注意两者的区别。
1. 持续性动词: 表示一个动作可以持续一段时间或更长时间。
常见的study, play, do, read, learn, drive, write, clean , sleep, speak, talk, wait, fly, stay, sit, stand, lie, keep等。
2. 瞬间性动词: 表示一个动作发生在一瞬间，非常短暂。亦称终止性动词。
常见的--begin, start, finish, go, come, leave, find, get up, arrive, reach, get to, enter, hear, stop, open, close, become, buy, borrow, lend, happen, join, lose, renew, die, take away, put up, set out, put on, get on/off等
3. 瞬间性动词在完成时中如要与表示持续一段时间的状语连用，通常用意思相当的持续性动词来替换
He has been in the army/a soldier for three years. （他参军已有3年了。）不用has joined She has been up for quite some time. （她起床已有好久了。）不用has got up
Has your brother been away from home for a long time? （离家已有好久了吗？）不用has left
常用瞬间动词相应持续性动词关系：
1、go—be away
2、come—be here
3、come back—be back
4、leave—be away （be not here）
5、buy—have
6、borrow—keep
7、die——be dead
8、begin——be on
9、finish—be over 10、open——be open 11、close——be closed 12、lose——be lost 13、get to know—know 14、turn on—be on 15、get up——be up 16、sit down—sit/beseated 17、join—be in（…）或be a…member 18、become—be
4. 瞬间动词的否定形式可以与表示一段时间的状语连用
例如：I haven’t seen you for a long time.（好久没见到你了。）
（三）现在完成时的反义疑问句的结构主语+have/has+动词过去分词+其他，have/has+not+主语
主语+have/has+not+动词过去分词+其他，have/has+主语
现在完成时考点例析
一、考查其构成
"助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如：
1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。
2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句)
His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______.
析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't, yet。
3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。
二、考查其用法与标志词
(一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如：
1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -______you______ your homework yet?
A. Do; finish
B. Are; finishing
C. Did; finish
D. Have; finished
2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______
A. Did; surf; surfed
B. Have; surfed; surfed
C. Did; surf; have surfed
D. Have; surfed; have surfed
析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。
(二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如：
1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan.
A. after
B. before
C. since
D. for
析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。
2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks.
A. has lent
B. has borrowed
C. has bought
D. has had
析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。
3. I______a letter from him since he left.
A. didn't receive
B. haven't got
C. didn't have
D. haven't heard
析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。
三、考查have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如：
1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have.
A. went to
B. gone to
C. been in
D. been to
析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。
2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years.
A. have been in
B. have been to
C. have gone to
D. have been
析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。
四、考查现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如：
1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子)
析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there.
2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句)
________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city.
析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。
3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket.
A. lost
B. don't lose
C. have lost
D. is coming
析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。
Exercise:
II. Choose the best answer.
1. How long have you _______ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been
2. My grandpa died _________.
A. at the age of my 2
B. for 2 years
C. when I was 2.
D. my age was 6.
3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. w ent D. never been
4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that
5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times.
A. met
B. have met
C. had met
D. will meet
6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks.
A. will, buy
B. did, buy
C. are, having
D. have, had
7.--Do you know Lydia very well?
--Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young.
A. have made
B. have become
C. have been
D. have turned
8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D . live
9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park.
A. has been to
B. has gone to
C. went to
D. will go to
10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice.
A. Have, gone
B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences.
1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句)
I _________ _________ been to Macau before.
2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问)
______ _______ he come to school?
3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写)
I ____ just ____ a new bike.
4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句)
We ____ ____English ____three years
5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句）
6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提问)
_______ _______have they been here?
7. The old man _________ last year. He has _______ _______for a year. (die) （动词填空）
8. Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同义句转换)
Miss Gao has _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.
六、用have / has been to / in, have gone to及go的各种形式填空。
1) Where is Jack? He __________ his country.
2) David ________ the park just now.
3) John _______ England since he came back.
4) How long _____ they _____ this village?
5) The Smiths ______ Beijing for years.
6) _____ you ever ____ America? -- Yes, I _____ there many times.
7) I _____ this school since three years ago.
8) Where is Jim? He _____ the farm.
9) When_____ he _____? He _______ an hour ago.
10) Would you like to _____ to the zoo with me? ---Yes, but I _____ there before.
11) Where _____ you _____ now? --- I ____ to the zoo.
12) He often _____ swimming.
13) _____ you ______ there last year?
14) _____ they often ______ skating in winter?
八. 用适当的时态填空：
1.She’s _____________ (live) here ever since she was ten.
2.Both of them ________________ (be) in Hongkong for ten days.
3.Both of them ____________ (come) to Hongkong ten days ago.
4. Half an hour __________ (pass) since the train __________ (leave).
5. Mary________(lose) her pen. ________ you _______(see) it here and there?
6. _________ you _____ (find) your watch yet?
7. ---Are you thirsty? ---No I _________just _________ (have) some orange.
8. We ---- already _________ (return) the book.
9. ________ they _______ (build) a new school in the village?
10. I _____________(not finish) my homework . Can you help me?
11. My father _____ (read) the novel twice.
12. I _________ (buy) a book just now.
13. I _________ (lost ) my watch yesterday.
14. My father ___________ (read) this book since yesterday.
二、被动语态精讲精练
（一）被动语态概述
语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如：He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）
The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）
（二）被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be 的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。
情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。
Tables could be made of stone at that time.那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）
（三）、被动语态的用法：
1、不知道或没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
The bridge was built last year.这座桥是去年建造的。
He was elected chairman.他被选为主席。
2、当更加强调动作的承受者时。此时动作的执行者由by引导置于谓语动词之后，不需要时可以省略。
The room hasn't been cleaned yet.房间还没有打扫。
The tiger was killed by him.老虎被他杀死了。
3、当动作的执行者不是人时，多用被动语态。如：
The window was blown by wind.窗户被风吹开了。
The whole village has been washed away by the flood.整个村庄都被洪水冲走了。
4、表示客观的说明常用"It is + 过去分词."句型。
It is said that Lucy has gone abroad.据说露茜已经出国了。
It is believed that he is a spy. (=He is believed to be a spy.)大家相信他是个间谍。
其它常见的"It is + 过去分词+ that"句型还有：It is reported that…据报道；It is said that…据说；It is believed that…大家相信；It is suggested that…有人建议
（四）主动语态变为被动语态
1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：
（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：
注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom.
（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。
如:They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday.
他们昨天开会了。
（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。
注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。
He sang a song. → A song was sung by him.
2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：
（1）主动句中的主语如果是people, we, you, they, somebody等含糊地表示"人们"、"大家"的单词，变为主动句时，通常删去"by…"，但原主语被强调者除外。如：They set up this hospital in 1975. →This hospital was set up in 1975.
这所医院建于1975年。
Only he can finish the job. →只有他能完成这项工作。
The job can be finished only by him.这项工作只能由他来完成。
（2）含有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。
Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。
We were told the truth by Jack.
The truth was told (to) us by Jack.
(五)动词的主动形式表示被动之意
以主动形式表示被动之意的动词多为连系动词，如：look, feel, smell等。下列动词没有被动式：happen，cost，take place，have
An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。
An accident happened yesterday.（）
The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。
The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。
This book sells well.这本书畅销。
(六)各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）
1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）
English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。
Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。
The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。
2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)
The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。
He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。
My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。
3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)
A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。
A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。
I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。
4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)
The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。
A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。
5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)
Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。
Several soldiers have already been killed in the conflict. 在冲突中已经有几名士兵被杀害。
6．过去完成时(had been+done)
They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。
She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died.
他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。
被动语态专项练习
Ⅱ把下列句子改为被动语态
1. I saw the boy run yesterday.
2. He told me that he would come back soon.
3. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
4. Do you water your flowers every day?
5. The wind blew down the big tree last night.
6. I think that he is right.
7. He had not thrown the bad food.
8. Mother was not mending the trousers.
9. They would not take him to Beijing.
10. Nobody knew me in this town at that time.
三、并列句
（一）并列连词：连接具有并列关系的词、短语或句子的连词叫做并列连词。根据其意义，并列连词又分为表示并列、转折、选择和因果等四种关系的连词。
1、并列关系： and / both ... and ... / not only ... but also ... / neither ... nor ...
My father is a teacher and my mother is a nurse. /Neither he nor I like to see this film.
Not only I but also he will stay here tomorrow.
2、转折关系：but / however / while
I like English, but I am not good at it. /I am short, while my brother is very tall. 3、选择关系：or / either ... or ...
You can read this book or that one. /Either she or you are going there with me.
4、因果关系： so / for
It was late, so I went home at once. /It is morning now, for the birds begin to sing.
下面整理并列句的口诀： and 表示顺承 while表示对比 but/yet表示转折 for/so表示因果
or/either ...or 表示选择 when和and/then表示时间 and/so/neither/nor表示并列
not only...but also/neither... nor表示递进
（二）并列句的构成：并列句是由并列连词and，but，or，for，so等把两个或两个以上互不依从，但意思紧密联系的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。其结构为：简单句+并列连词+简单句。
（三）并列句的分类：
1. 表示同等关系的并列句
这类并列句常用并列连词and连接前后简单句，and常译为"和"、"并且"，也可不译出来。例如： He likes playing football and he plays well. 他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。Last year l met Kate and we became friends. 去年我和凯特相遇，我们成了朋友。
2. 表示转折关系的并列句
这类并列句常用并列连词but(但是)，yet(可是)，while(而，另一方面)，however(可是)等连接前后简单句，but常译为"但是"，"可是"，切不可与从属连词though或although 一起使用。例如： It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。School is over, yet all the teachers are still working. 学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。
He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家，而我则想当科学家。It's raining hard, however, we must go out. 雨下得很大，然而我们必须出去。
3. 表示选择关系的并列句
这类并列句常用并列连词or(或者，否则)等连接前后简单句。 or有两重含义：(1)译为"或者"，表示选择。
例如： Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema．现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。
(2)译为"否则"、"要不然"，表示条件。例如： You must tell the truth，
or you will be punished．你必须说真话，否则你将会受到惩罚。
4. 表示因果关系的并列句
这类并列句常用并列连词for，so等连接前后简单句。
(1)for在意义上与从属连词because，since和as相同，但它们引导的是原因状语从句，而for则连接两简单句，前者表示结果，后者表示原因。其结构为：简单句(结果)+for+简单句(原因)。例如：He has many good friends, for he is an honest man。他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的男子汉。
(3)so意为"因此"、"所以"，但不能与because同时出现在同一个句子中。因为because
是从属连词，而是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构为：简单句(原因) +so牛简单句(结果)。
例如： Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead．
5. 其他形式的并列句
(1)"祈使句+and+简单句"。其中祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词and引导的简单句则表示一个较好的结果，谓语常用一般将来时。例如：
Use your head, and you will find away．动脑筋，你就会想出办法来。
(2)"祈使句+or+简单句"。祈使句表示一个条件，并列连词or后的简单句则表示一个不愉快或不理想的结果。例如：Study hard, or you Will fall behind the others．努力学习，否则你就会落于别人。
(3)"either...or"结构表示"不是……就是……"，"或者……或者……"，
例如： Either my uncle can do it, or my aunt can do it. 我叔叔可以做那件事，或者我婶婶也可以做。习惯上将两个句子合并成Either my uncle or my aunt can do it.
(4) "not only…but also"意思为"不仅……而且……"，例如：
not only the students have missed the school car, but also the teacher has missed the school car.不仅学生，而且他们的老师都误了校车。
(5) "neither…nor…"结构，意为"既不……也不……"，"两者都不……"，用法与either …or …,not only …but also…相同。
( 四)使用并列句要注意的几种情况
1. 并列句有时可不用连词，而用分号隔开(前后句之间的关系须相当紧密)。例如：We fished all day; we didn\'t catch a fish. 我们钓了一天的鱼，一条鱼也没钓到。
2. 并列连词后的简单句如果与其前的简单句有相同的部分，则相同的部分常可省略。例如： My father works in a factory and my mother in a school. 我父亲在工厂工作，母亲在学校工作。
3. 由so, nor, neither连接的并列句，后一简单句为避免重复,其成份常倒装并省略一些。例如： He is not a student, nor am I. 他不是学生,我也不是。 Beibei can swim, so can I. 贝贝会游泳,我也会。
练习：
一、单项选择
1．I like fish， ____ my brother doesn't like it. A．so B．or C．for D．but
2．Mr Zhang felt a little tired， ____ he still went on working A．but B．and C．so D．or 3．——Will you be free on Saturday morning ？
----No, I won't , ____ I'll be free on Monday afternoon. A．but B．for C．and D．so 4．Miss Gao is badly ill， ____ she is still working very hard. A．but B．and C．so D．or 5．Hurry up， ____ you won't catch the early bus. A．but B．and C．or D．so 6．Go along the road， ____ you'll find the market at the end of it
A．when B．and C．or D．though
7．I help him ____ he helps me. We help each other （互相） A．but B．and C．or 8．____ Saturday ____ Sunday is OK. I will be free in these two days.
A．Either；or B．Neither； nor C．Both； and D．One； the other
9．Mr. Zhang felt very tired， ____ he needed a good rest. A．and B．so C．or D．but 10．____ human beings（人类） ____ animals can live without air. A．Not only； but also B．Both； and C．Either； or D．Neither； nor 11．Work hard， ____ you'll catch up with others. A．and B．but C．or D．for 12．——Have you got any brothers ____ sisters？ ---- I have a sister.
A．nor B．or C．but D．for
13．Be quick， ____ you'll be late for the football match. A．so B．but C．and D．or 14．Jim is an American， ____ he can speak very good Chinese.
A．if B．so C．but D．because
15．We bought Granny a present， ____ she didn't like it. A．but B．and C．when D．if 16．That was our firtst lesson， ____ she didn't know all our names
A．for B．but C．so D．or
17．The boy is only ten， ____ he can do some washing himself.
A．though B．but C．or D．so
18．He is listening to the music ____ he is washing clothes
A．after B．before C．that D．while
四、定语从句精讲精练
（一）定语从句的概念：在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
（二）定语从句的关系词：引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包where, when, why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
（三）定语从句的分类：
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
（四）关系代词的用法
1. that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语,作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如: Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语) The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语或宾语,作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom, 也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to? 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who, that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。
例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。
b.被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c.先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a.先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
What’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。
c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
（五）关系副词的用法
(1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。
(2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。
(3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 定语从句习题精练
( )1. This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that
B. who
C. whom
D. this
( )2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. whom
B. which
C. who
D. /
( )3. The girl _____ you saw in the street is Mary.
A. that
B. whose
C. which
D. as
( )4. Is this the factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one
B. which
C. who
D. whom
( )5. Is this factory _____ a lot of students visited yesterday?
A. the one
B. that
C. which
D. /
( )6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which
B. that
C. /
D. it
( )7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which
B. in which
C. that
D. all
( )8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That
B. Who
C. The one who
D. The ones who
( )9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which
B. whom
C. whose
D. this
( )10. This is the best book _____ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who
B. whom
C. which
D. /
( )11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
( )12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom
B. who
C. /
D. he
( )13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door
B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door
D. that lives next door
( )14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
A. which
B. whom
C. that
D. who
( )15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.
A. /, to
B. that, /
C. where, to
D. which, there
( )16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A. what
B. which
C. as
D. ./
( )17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that
B. when
C. where
D. there
( )18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?
A. where
B. in that
C. that
D. which
( )19. The factory _____ Mr. Li used to work was closed last week.
A. when
B. where
C. that
D. which
( )20. Do you still remember the day _____ we first met?
A. that
B. when
C. what
D. on that
( )21. The time _____ we studied together is not easily forgotten.
A. that
B. when
C. where
D. in which
( )22. October 1,1949 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.
A. when
B. that
C. where
D. in which
( )23. October 1,1949 was the day _____ the People’s Republic of China was founded.
A. which
B. when
C. where
D. in which
( )24. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?
A. which
B. where
C. in which
D. what
( )25. Is this museum _____ they visited last month?
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. the one
( )26. I still remember the sitting-room _____ my mother and I used to sit in the evening.
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
五、主谓一致精讲精练
主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致
主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致原则．
1、单数名词(代词)或不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数。复数名词(代词)作主语，谓语用复数。
如：The desk is Tom’s./Some water is in the bottle. /The students are playing football on the playground.
２. 表示时间、价格、重量、长度、数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，谓语用单数形式。
One and a half hours is enough. /Twenty dollars is enough./
Two months has passed./ Tweney pounds isn’t so heavy.
３. 动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：
To see is to believe.眼见为实。Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.
４. 主语为one of , each of等加复数名词或代词，谓语用单数。如：
One of my favorite sports is basketball.Each of them has an English dictionary.
５.不定代词作主语，谓语动词用单数，例如：
Is everyone here today？Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in.
６. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语，谓语动词用单数。
如：Neither answer is correct两个答案都不正确。
７. 有些以—s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式，如news, maths, physics等。如：No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。
Maths is very popular in our class 在我们班数学很受欢迎。
８. people,police等集体名词作主语，谓语动词用复数形式，
The police(警方)are searching for the robbers.People here are very friendly. ９. 由both…and…连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；
Both his father and his mother are both teachers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是老师。
10“定冠词+姓氏复数形式”表示一家人时，谓语一般用复数。如：The Smiths are having dinner.
11. a number of+pl.n“许多…”表示复数；the number of +pl.n“…的数字”表示单数。
A number of famous people were invited to party. 许多名人都被邀请参加这个聚会。
The number of the students is over eight hundred. 我们学校的学生数超过800人。
12. 当kind of,pair of, glass of 等短语修饰主语时，谓语与kind,pair,glass等一致。This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old.
There are two glasses of water on the table. 桌上有两杯水。
13. the+形容词表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式，表示抽象概念时，用单数形式。
The poor are very happy,but the rich are sad. 穷人很快乐，富人却过得不快乐。
The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。
14 or, either…or…，neither…nor…,not only…but also…,not…but…,连接两个名词或代词作主语以及here，there开头的句子，若主语在两个或两个以上，谓语动词采用就近原则。
如：Tom or Jack is wrong. 不是汤姆就是杰克错了。
Either this one or that one is ok. 这一个或那一个都行。
There is a book and three pens on the desk. 桌子上有一本书，三只钢笔
Here are some books and paper for you. 这是给你的书和纸。
15 当主语部分含有with，together with，along with，as well as，besides，except，but，like等介词短语时，谓语动词由主语的单复数决定。与介词短语之后的名词无关。The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health.
Mike with his father has been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰。
Mike,like his brother,enjoys playing football 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜欢踢足球。
16. 由and连接的两个单数名词作主语时，一般用复数形式，但and所连接的并列主语是同一个人，事物，或概念时，谓语动词用单数。
Swimming and walking are good exercises.
The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人)
但every, each, no 做定语时，即使用and 连接两个主语，谓语也用单数．
No teacher and no student has seen the film.
Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。．
No food and no water __in the house.
A. is
B. has
C. are
D. have
17. family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语，若指一个整体时，谓语动词用单数形式，若指一个具体成员时，谓语动词复数形式。例如：His family isn’t large. 他家的人不多。
My family all like watching TV. 我们一家人都喜欢看电视。
18. 单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。
A sheep is over there. Some sheep are over there.
19. all/most/half/the rest of+名词，lots of/ a lot of/plenty of+ 名词，分数/百分数+名词作主语，谓语动词由of后面的名词的数保持一致。
All of my students work hard.All of the oil is gone.
20. 定语从句中关系代词who、that、which等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
Ｉlike the music that is interesting.I like the people who are friendly.
21.名词性物主代词做主语时，谓语动词的单复数决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。Your classroom is small.Ours (=our classroom) is big.
Your shoes are white, Mine (= my shoes) are black.
22.在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。如：
Between the two buildings is a big tree.
24.population 作主语，作“人口”讲时，谓语常用单数形式；当它作“人们”讲时，谓语常用复数形式。另外，当分数、百分比数修饰population 作主语时，谓语常用复数形式。The population of China is very large.
Two thirds of Chinese population are farmers.
25.What从句做主语，表语是复数，谓语动词用复数．
What the students need ____ good books.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
主谓一致精练
1. Either Jane or Steven ______watch TV now. A. were B. is C. was D. are
2. Two days _____enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.
A. isn’t
B. is
C. are’t
D. are
3. —How many lessons do you usually haver a
day? —Six lessons a day. And each of then _____45 minutes.
A. last
B. lasts
C. have
D. are
4. Neither Liping nor I _ a basketball player. A. am B. is C. be D. are
5. There ___many new words in lesson one,It is very easy. A. is B. aren’t C. isn’t D. are
6. The number of the students in our school __1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have
7. Maths ____ my favourite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are
8. The boy with the two dogs _____ when the earthquake rocked the ciry.
A. were sleeping
B. is sleeping
C. was sleeping
D. are asle
9. Every one except Tom and John ____ there when the meeting began.
A. are
B. is
C. were
D. was
10.That place is not interesting at all, ___ of us wants to go there.
A. Neither
B. Both
C. All
D. Some
11. Nobody but Jane ______ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is
12. —What’s on the plate? some eggs and cakes on it? There __________ some eggs and c akes on it.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
13. This pair of glasses __________ mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be
14. Both Lily and Lucy ___ to the party yesterday.
A. invited
B. was invited
C. had invited
D. were invited
Part 1:1. -Have you got some water to drink? -Here you are. There___ still some in the bot tle. A. are B. were C. is D. was
2 ._____ there many American friends in the school last Friday?
A. Is
B. Was
C. Are
D. Were
3. There ____ a great many accidents last year. A. were B. are C. is D. was
4 .-How many children ____ in the picture?-Three.
A. has there
B. is there
C. have there
D. are there
Part 2:1. In 1850, about a third of U. S. A___ covered by forests.
A. were
B. has been
C. /
D. was
2. Most of our earth____ covered by water. A. are B. is C. was D. were
3. Sunday ____ the first day of the week. A. is B. are C. am D. be
4.Neither___right. A. answers are B. answers aren't C. answer is D. answer isn't
Part 3:1. The population of the world ____ still ____ now.
A. has; grown
B. will; grow
C. is; growing
D. is grown
2.There ____ many people running in the park every morning.
A. is
B. were
C. are
D. have
3. These police often___the children across the street.
A.help
B. helps
C. helping
D. is helping
Part 4: 1. ___ going to England by air next week.
A.The Green family are
B. The Greens family are
B.The Green's family are D. Green family are
2.The whole family ____ enjoying the beautiful music now.
A. is all
B. all is
C. all are
D. are all
3.Our class ___ big. A. is B. are C. were D. will
Part 5： 1. Neither he nor I ____ from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is
B. are
C. am
D. be
2Either you or he ____ right. A. are B. is C. does D. were
3. Neither Mary nor her brother____ good at singing.A. is B. are C. is not D. are not
4. Not only Tom but also Alice and Mary ____ busy. A. is B. was C. are D. has Part 6： 1. Physics ___ interesting to us. A. are B. has C. is D. were
2. The news____ exciting. We got excited at it. A. is B. was C. were D. are
3.Though mathematics____ hard, we all work at it hard. A. are B. were C. was D. is
云南省2014年中考英语试题（笔试部分）
第二部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分30分)
第一节词语释义(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的解释，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
21. I hope I’ll tra vel all over the world one day.
A. the next day
B. in the future
C. at that time
D. the whole day
22. Jack takes after his father. They’re both tall and strong.
A. looks like
B. waits for
C. takes care of
D. feels excited about
23. It’s reported that a person throws away 50kg of food every year. We should save food.
A. cooks
B. takes
C. eats
D. wastes
24.—You’ll have a free trip to Hong Kong!
—Really? That’s music to my ears. I can’t wait!
A. That’s good news.
B. That’s beautiful music.
C. Have a good time.
D. I’m afraid not.
25. The news about the missing plane broke many people’s hearts. We hope the passengers can come back home safely.
A. lost many people’s lives
B. cheered many people up
C. made many people sad
D. surprised many people
第二节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
26. —Eric, you look so cool with your sunglasses.
—___________
A. Not really
B. I t’s not true
C. Nothing much
D. Thank you
27. My favorite ________ is summer. I can swim with my friends.
A. month
B. day
C. season
D. weekend
28.—Excuse me. Could you tell me the way _______ the nearest supermarket?
—Go down the street and turn left. Then you’ll see it.
A. to
B. of
C. in
D. a
29.—May I take a look at your new iPad?
—_______Here you are.
A. I hope not
B. Not at all
C. Of course
D. No way
30. If there _____ no buying and selling of animals, there will be no killing in nature.
A. is
B. will be
C. has
D. will have
31.—Oh, dear! Your room is untidy.
—Sorry, mom. I’ll __________.
A. set it up
B. clean it up
C. put it up
D. look it up
32.—What do you think of the Sochi Winter Olympi c Games?
—_________.They are exciting.
A. I love them
B. I can’t stand them
C. Sounds terrible
D. I don’t mind them
33.—______sweet song it is!
—Yeah, it’s My Heart Will Go On sung by Celine Dion.
A. How
B. How a
C. What a
D. What
34. We_____ use mobile phones when the plane takes off
A. may not
B. shouldn’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
35. China’s hot words, like tuhao, dama and lianghui, ____in the western media(媒体).
A. use widely
B. is widely used
C. uses widely
D. are widely used
36. —Kunming is really a comfortable city to live in.
—_________.The weather is pleasant.
A. So it is
B. So is it
C. So it does.
D. So does it
37. —To achieve a bright future, we should______ study hard____ keep in good health.
—I agree with you.
A. not; but
B. not only; but also
C. neither; nor
D. either; or
38.—You look really tired. ________?
—I didn’t sleep well last night. I had a headache.
A.How about you
B. What should I do
C. What’s the matter
D. How are you feeling now
39. Keep on. Don’t stop. The_____ you climb, the_______ you will see.
A. highest; farthest
B. highly; farther
C. high; far
D. higher; farther
40. —Do you know_______ in America?
—Sure. It’s the third Sunday of June.
A. when Father’s Day is
B. how is Father’s Day
C. when is Father’s Day
D. how Father’s Day is
第三节完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
There was once a little monkey in the forest. He liked to 41 everyone. He jumped from tree to tree, called all the other 42 bad names and threw bananas or stones at them.
One day he saw a baby elephant near the river. “Hey, baby elephant, you are so 43 , and you’ll never catch me.” said the monkey.
“44 do you have to laugh at me?” the baby elephant asked. “I 45 make trouble or make anyone upset.”
“It’s so fun.” said the monkey.
The monkey 46 , jumping from tree to tree. Then he saw a turtle(乌龟) 47 with his mouth open. The monkey thought it would be a lot of fun putting his finger 48 the turtle’s mouth. He did so, 49 the turtle shut his mouth just at that time. The monkey shouted 50 .The nice turtle woke up and let the monkey go. The monkey climbed up a tree and shouted all the way.
41. A. look at B. laugh at C. smile at D. point at
42. A. animals B. monkeys C. babies D. elephants
43. A. quick B. smart C. slow D. ugly
44. A. How B. What C. When D. Why
45. A. always B. sometimes C. ever D. never
46. A. came back B. fell asleep C. went away D. sat down
47. A. sleeping B. playing C. living D. walking
48. A. from B. off C. for D. into
49. A. because B. but C. if D. so
50. A. in trouble B. in peace C. in pain D. in danger
第三部分阅读理解(共15小题;满分25分)
A
Some people think that chicken soup is good for a cold. Others believe that it is unhealthy not to eat meat. The question is, are they right?
Here are some facts.
For centuries, people have believed that chicken soup helps to fight a cold. Now, doctors say it may be true. They think that chicken soup has something that stops a cold from getting worse. Heat from the soup can also make a person feel better.
Many people think that it is unhealthy not to have meat. 1t is true that meat, especially red meat, has protein(蛋白质)that the body needs. A person who doesn’t eat meat can get enough protein and be healthy by eating tofu, eggs, and some vegetables.
A study showed that tea is better than coffee. Tea has something that can protect your heart, fight cancer, and make you less fat. Coffee does not do this.
Many people believe that bread and potatoes can easily make people fat. In fact, bread and potatoes do not have fat in them. But eating too much and not exercising can make people fat. Also, adding things like butter to them can raise the chance of becoming fat.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误。正确的填“T”错误的填“F”，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
51. It is helpful to eat some chicken soup to fight a cold.
52. To get enough protein and be healthy, people must eat meat.
53. Protein can be found in tofu, eggs and some vegetables.
54. Tea is better than coffee in fighting cancer.
55. People who like bread and potatoes become fat easily.
B
Sometimes it may seem difficult to improve our health. If so, the following health habits may help you.
Eat breakfast every morning.
Research shows that if you eat a meal in the morning you may not become too fat or eat too much during lunch. Dating breakfast can help people feel better through the day.
Get enough sleep.
Poor sleep can influence our memory and learning. It can also cause traffic accident! Studies show that people who don’t get enough sleep seem to get into more accidents. So stay safe and get enough sleep!
Take a walk every day.
Walking is an easy way to exercise. You’d better meet friends for a walk, not for a meal. As you walk, you will see the beautiful world around you. Once you try, you will find that adding a walk into your daily life is very easy.
Join social groups.
Social groups can provide support. They might include sport teams, art or music groups. The people in the group can offer advice and can help each other in difficult times. Also, being in a group keeps your mind busy. An active mind is a healthy mind!
Have a hobby.
A hobby could be running, reading or making something with your hands. Hobbies help people to relax and rest. Hobbies bring us joy as well.
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
56. You may have a good memory and learn better if you________.
A. eat breakfast every morning
B. have a good sleep
C. take a walk every day
D. join a social group
57. If you need help and want to help others, you’d better _______.
A. invite your friend to a meal
B. make something with your friends
C. become a member of a social group
D. have a hobby
58. Which of the following is TRUE?
A. If you have breakfast every morning, you’ll be fat.
B. All the traffic accidents are caused by poor sleep.
C. To join a social group helps you have a healthy mind.
D. Having a hobby is the best way to relax.
59. The passage is mainly written for ________.
A. students at school
B. people who don’t like running
C. students who never have breakfast
D. people who want to improve health
60. Which is the best title(标题)of the passage?
A. Ways to Improve Your Health
B. Reasons for Keeping healthy
C. Good Habits
D. Breakfast and Exercise
C
Last week my youngest son and I visited my father at his new house in Arizona. He moved there a few years ago, and I wanted very much to see his new place and meet his friends.
In my earliest memories my father was a tall, handsome and successful man. He loved his work and family, but was uncomfortable with his children. As a child I loved him; as a school girl and young adult I was afraid of him. He seemed unhappy with me unless I got straight A’s in my study and unhappy with my boyfriends if their fathers were not as “successful” as he was. Whenever I went out with him on weekends, I used to try hard to think up things to say to protect myself.
On the first day of my visit, we went out with one of my father’s friends for lunch. W e walked along that afternoon, did some shopping, ate on the street table, and laughed over my son’s funny talks. My father’s critical(挑剔的)air and strict rules were gone. He seemed so friendly and interesting to be with us.
The next day my dad pulled out his childhood pictures and told me many stories about his own childhood. Although our times together became easier over the years, I never felt closer to him at that moment. After so many years, I’m at last seeing another side of my father. And in so doing, I’m happy with my new friend. My dad, in this new home in Arizona, is back to me from where he was.
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
61. The father was unhappy with the writer because________.
A. he didn’t like her
B. he expected too much of her
C. she had a boyfriend
D. she was uncomfortable
62. The underlined words straig ht A’s in Paragraph 2 mean ______ in Chinese.
A. 全优
B.及格
C.中等
D.不及格
63. When the writer went out with his father for a walk on weekends she felt ____.
A. tired
B. happy
C. satisfied
D. nervous
64. What does t he writer think of her father after visiting him in Arizona’?
A. Strict and hard-working.
B. More critical
C. Friendly and interesting.
D. More successful.
65. When the writer says “my new friend” in the last paragraph, she is talking about_____.
A. her son
B. her father
C. her boyfriend
D. her father’s friend
第四部分写作(共三节，满分20分)
第一节根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。(共5小题；每小题l分，满分5分)
66. It is a good habit to brush your teeth at least ______ a day. (two)
67. After the rain, the village looks ______ from the top of the hill. (wonder)
68. I don’t know whether the dream can come true, b ut I will try ______ best. (I)
69. Spring Festival is the _____ festival in China. It is a good time for family members to
get together. (big) ;
70. A good teacher is a good ____. A teacher is there to listen to every student and help
them out. (listen)
第二节将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
71. You are welcome to join our _______. You can have a lot of fun here.(篮球俱乐部)
72. Let’s build ________ to make our mother earth healthy and clean.(绿色城市)
73. We can enjoy fresh air when we ______ in the countryside.(去钓鱼)
74. I’m trying to sleep. Would you mind ______ the music? (调低)
75. When we are in trouble, we should face the challenges _____ worrying about our
problems. (代替)
第三节书面表达（满分10分）
My Plan for the Coming School Year
提示:难忘的初中生活即将结束，请以“My Plan for the Coming School Year"为题，用英语写一篇短文，谈谈你初中结束后一学年内的打算。
要求: 1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；
2. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计；
3. 将短文写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。
英语试题卷·第7页(共8页)
云南省2015年中考英语试题（笔试部分）
第二部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节词语释义（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的解释，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
21. She is on holiday at the moment, but she’ll be back next week.
A. then
B. recently
C. now
D. very soon
22. —Sorry, I forgot to bring your book.
—Never mind. I won’t use it today.
A. I’m afraid not
B. It doesn’t matter
C. Nothing much
D. Of course not
23. Jack called his mother at 7:30 yesterday, but she didn’t pick up at that time.
A. answer
B. speak
C. talk
D. ring
24. This book is a little above my head, because there are too many new words in it.
A. expensive
B. difficult
C. interesting
D. boring
25. I was really in a sweet when I won the first prize in the speech competition.
A. nervous
B. angry
C. tired
D. happy
第二节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
26. I love singing and dancing. I want to be actor in the future.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
27. —do you study for a test?
—I study by working with my classmates.
A. How
B. Why
C. What
D. Where
28. —Summer holiday is coming. What are you going to do?
—I’m not sure. Maybe I to the beach.
A. go
B. went
C. will go
D. have gone
29. —Can you speak Chinese, Steve?
—Yes, only . I have been in China for only one month.
A. few
B. a few
C. little
D. a little
30. The Third China-South Asia EXPO was held in Kunming June 12th to June
16th.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. from
31. —Excuse me, are there any book stores around here?
—, but there are some on Center Street.
A. Yes, there are
B. No, there aren’t
C. Yes, there is
D. No, there isn’t 32. You are supposed to be more careful to make fewer while you are writing.
A. trouble
B. matter
C. mistakes
D. problems
33. WeChat (微信) is very popular. the young the old are getting interested
in it.
A. Neither…nor
B. Either…or
C. Not only…but also
D. Between…and
34. Mary used to in the countryside, but now she is used to in the city.
A. live ; live
B. live ; living
C. living ; live
D. living ; living
35. —May I watch TV now, mum?
—No, you . You must clean your room first.
A. may not
B. needn’t
C. can’t
D. mustn’t
36. It’s reported that there are more than 300 smokers in China, nearly a third of all
the smokers in the world.
A. million
B. millions
C. million of
D. millions of
37. useful robot! It can help with the housework like a human servant.
A. How
B. What an
C. How a
D. What a
38. The volunteers many signs to remind people to protect the environment.
A. put on
B. put up
C. put down
D. put off
39. —You shouldn’t eat too much junk food. It’s bad for your health.
—You’re right. junk food I eat, I will be.
A. The less ; the healthier
B. The less ; the healthy
C. The more ; the healthier
D. The more ; the healthy
40. —I wonder at 6:00 yesterday afternoon.
—I was doing my homework in the reading room.
A. what were you doing
B. what did you do
C. what you were doing
D. what you are doing
第三节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。
It was in autumn. A young woman was ill. She 41 in the hospital. There was a tree 42 her room. She saw the leaves fall down. Day after day, there were less and less leaves on the tree. The woman was very 43 . She didn’t want to eat or drink, and she didn’t want to talk. The doctor asked her to 44 and take a walk. She wouldn’t do that. She became worse day by day. One day she said, “When the last leaf falls down, I will die, 45 .”
An old artist knew that. He decided to help this woman. One night, all yellow 46 fell down. The artist painted a green and yellow leaf, then put it in the tree. The next morning, 47 the woman looked out of the window and saw the last leaf, she was filled with 48 . She wanted to be alive. She didn’t want to fall down like other leaves. From then on, she
became 49 and lived a long time.
Don’t 50 your hope at anytime.
41. A. played B. stayed C. studied D. worked
42. A. outside B. inside C. from D. under
43. A. glad B. relaxed C. sad D. interested
44. A. fall asleep B. get ready C. hurry up D. get up
45. A. too B. also C. either D. neither
46. A. flowers B. plants C. leaves D. trees
47. A. if B. before C. until D. when
48. A. hope B. dream C. interest D. happiness
49. A. worse and worse B. better and better C. harder and harder D. thinner and thinner
50. A. give out B. give in C. give up D. give away
第三部分阅读理解（共15小题；满分25分）
A
Have you heard about paper-cutting? Paper-cutting is an important art form in China. Paper-cuts were used for many purposes, and everything can become the theme (主题) of paper-cuts, from people to the things that can be found in everyday life such as birds, flowers and animals.
Each paper-cut brings out the personal ideas of the author(作者). People express traditional culture or their own feelings with different styles of paper-cuts. For example, when someone marries, we put up some red paper-cuts on the wall, dressing table or other furniture to express our best wishes.
It is easy to learn paper-cutting but very difficult to make it perfect. We need a long-time practice to learn how to use the scissors and how to paint. More over, we need to learn some cutting skills.
At present, in many parts of China, paper-cutting skill has become a must for women and a symbol of a clever mind.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子的正误。正确的填“T”，错误的填“F”，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
51. Not everything can become the theme of paper-cuts.
52. People express traditional culture or their own feelings with the same paper-cut.
53. It is not easy to make a perfect paper-cut.
54. When we learn paper-cutting, we don’t need to learn cutting skills.
55. Women must learn paper-cutting skills in many places of China.
B
It was nearly dark, the sun was dropping down the mountains far away. Little Tom came back home, with tears in his eyes.
“What’s the matter, Tom? How’s your trip?”his mother asked with a big smile. “I failed. The mountain is so high and full of big or small stones on the way, I still go ahead. But I was tired and it was so late that I had to come back.” Tom cried. “It doesn’t matter, you are only 14 years old after all. You will have another chance.” his mother said. “But, standing at the top of the mountain is my dream!”Tom said. His father came over and asked, “Did you see the green trees on your way to the mountain?”“Sure, and there are a lot of beautiful flowers by the side of the road.”Tom replied. “Did you hear the birds singing?” his father asked. “There were many kinds of birds singing in the trees, and the sound was very sweet.” Tom said. “Did you feel the beauty of nature?” his father asked. “Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds, the green trees and the colorful flowers made a nice picture.” Tom answered. “That’s enough!” his father smiled and said, “Please remember, son. For often, achieving what you expect is not the most important thing. Although you didn’t reach the top of the mountain, you got a lot on the way.”
It is true that not every goal will be achieved, not every job will end up with a success, and not every dream will come true. The most beautiful scenery (风景) is on the way.
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
56. Tom got back home when the sun was dropping.
A. slowly
B. sadly
C. quickly
D. early
57. Tom’s parents wanted Tom .
A. to be friendly
B. to be happy
C. to be clever
D. to be healthy
58. What’s the main reason that Tom didn’t reach the top of the mountain?
A. The mountain was so high.
B. The way was full of big or small stones.
C. He was tired and it was so late.
D. He was only 14 years old.
59. Tom saw a lot of things on the way to the mountain except .
A. clear water
B. blue sky
C. colorful flowers
D. green trees
60. The writer tries to tell us that .
A. the goal is not important
B. everyone should climb the mountain
C. the mountain is very beautiful
D. the process (过程) is more important than the result
C
These days, more and more Chinese people enjoy sending and receiving messages on the phone. It can help them to get the latest news and communicate with friends. But I think I should read more books besides the textbooks, the more, the better. It can open my eyes and improve my language skills. Of course, it also can help me to get good grades. Do you know how to read more and learn more? Here are some tips for you.
◆Clear your purpose for reading
Before you start reading, ask yourself why you are reading this book. Most people read for two main reasons, pleasure or knowledge. Clearing about your reading purpose can not only help you choose the books you really need to read, but also remind you why reading the book is important to you, so you will keep reading and complete the book faster.
◆Read only what you are interested in
No matter what you are reading, it is important to enjoy what you read. Your friends may tell you the books they love, but those books might not necessarily be the ones you enjoy.
◆Give up books that you don’t enjoy
You may have chosen books that you are interested in, and they are right to your purpose. But while you are reading them, there may still be some books that you don’t enjoy reading. Whenever you realize that you aren’t enjoying the book you are reading, give it up. Remember reading shouldn’t be a chore.
◆Set a reading goal
It is interesting that I read the books borrowed from libraries faster than those I bought. The reason is the books I bought don’t have a due date! I don’t need to return those books. Having a reading goal helps you work out how much reading you need to do in a week or even a day. Before you read each book, ask yourself what time you need to complete this book by.
根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出正确选项，并将所选答案涂到答题卡的相应位置上。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
61. According to the passage, the writer might be a .
A. teacher
B. doctor
C. student
D. scientist
62. Why do most people read books?
A. To get the latest news and communicate with friends.
B. For pleasure or knowledge.
C. To open their eyes and improve their language skills.
D. To get good grades.
63. What should you do when you find the book which you are reading is boring?
A. Keep on reading.
B. Set a reading goal.
C. Read the books your friends love.
D. Give up the book.
64. The underlined words “due date” mean in Chinese.
A. 星期
B. 借期
C. 还期
D. 日期
65. This passage mainly tells us .
A. how to read more and learn more
B. how to choose a good book
C. how to read faster
D. why we should read more books
第四部分写作（共三节，满分20分）
第一节根据句意，用括号中所给词的适当形式填空，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
66. Mother is my first teacher. She teaches a lot about life. ( I )
67. The little girl is running after a butterfly in the garden. ( happy )
68. No pains, no gains. Without hard, no one can achieve success in life. ( work )
69. Soccer is played by so many people all over the world, but only a few are truly
great. ( play ) 70. The overseas Chinese in Yeman got when they saw Chinese soldiers coming to
their help. ( excite )
第二节将下列句子中汉语部分译成英语，注意使用适当的形式，并将答案写在答题卡的相应位置上。（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
71. Now Chinese teenagers have plenty of chances all kinds of outdoor activities.
(参加)
72. I had a bad cold. The doctor told me to take the medicine . (按时)
73. In order to improve her listening skills, Wang Ling often listens to English news and
watches . (美国电影)
74. Children today their parents too much. They should learn how to look after
themselves. (依赖、依靠)
75. China is a great country with a of more than 5,000 years. (悠久的历史)
第三节书面表达（满分10分）
Growing up with …
提示：在你的成长过程中，一定有人陪伴你、帮助你、影响你、感动你，让你能够健康快乐地成长。请以“Growing up with…”为题，用英语写一篇短文。
要求：1. 请把题目补充完整；
2. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；
3. 文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计；
4. 将短文写在答题卡上。写在本试题卷上无效。
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2017新人教版九年级英语全册知识点归纳 Unit 1 How can we become good learners? 短语总结: 1. good learners 优秀的学习者 2. work with friends 和朋友一起学习 3. study for a test 备考 4.have conversations with 与……交谈 5.speaking skills 口语技巧 6.a little 有点儿 7.at first 起初起先 8.the secret to......， .......的秘诀 9.because of 因为 10.as well 也 11.look up (在词典中等)查阅；抬头看 12.so that 以便，为了 13.the meaning of ……的意思 14.make mistakes 犯错误 15.talk to 交谈 16.depend on 依靠依赖 17.in common 共有的 18.pay attention to 注意关注 19.connect ……with ……把……联系 20.for example 例如 21.think about 考虑 22.even if 即使尽管纵容23.look for 寻找 24.worry about 担心担忧 25.make word cards 制作单词卡片 26.ask the teacher for help 向老师求助 27.read aloud 大声读 28.spoken english 英语口语 29.give a report 作报告 30.word by word 一字一字地 31.so……that 如此……以至于 32.fall in love with 爱上 33.something interesting 有趣的事情 34.take notes 记笔记 35.how often 多久一次 36.a lot of 许多 37.the ability to do sth. 做某事的能力 38.learning habits 学习习惯 39.be interested in 对……感兴趣 40.get bored 感到无聊 41.be good at 在……方面擅长 42.be afraid of 害怕 43.each other 彼此互相 44.instead of 代替而不是 二.用法集萃 1. by doing sth 通过做某事 2.it +be+adj+to do sth 做某事是……的 3.finish doing sth 完成某事 4.what about doing sth？做某事怎么样？ 5.try to do sth 尽力做某事 6.the +比较近，the+比较近越……，就越…… 7.find it+adj+to do sth 发现做某事 8.be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 9.help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事10.practice doing sth 练习做某事 11.keep doing sth 一直做某事 12.be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事 13.begin to do sth 开始做某事 14.want to do sth 想要做某事 15.need to do sth 需要做某事 16.remember to do sth 记得做某事 17.shoot 射（射着，射死等表结果） 18.shoot at（瞄准）射
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人教版九年级全册英语重点语法知识点复习提纲
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人教版英语九年级语法知识点
1. by + doing 通过……方式如：by studying with a group by 还可以表示："在…旁","靠近","在…期间"、"用,""经过","乘车"等如：I live by the river. I have to go back by ten o'clock. The thief entered the room by the window. The student went to park by bus. 2. talk about 谈论，议论，讨论 如：The students often talk about movie after class. 学生们常常在课后讨论电影。talk to sb. === talk with sb. 与某人说话 3. 提建议的句子： ①What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? ②Why don't you + do sth.? 如：Why don't you go shopping? ③Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why not go shopping? ④Let's + do sth. 如：Let's go shopping ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.? 如：Shall we/ I go shopping? 4. a lot 许多常用于句末如：I eat a lot. 我吃了许多。 5. too…to 太…而不能常用的句型too+adj./adv. + to do sth. 如：I'm too tired to say anything. 我太累了，什么都不想说。 6. aloud, loud与loudly的用法三个词都与"大声"或"响亮"有关。 ①aloud是副词,重点在出声能让人听见,但声音不一定很大, 常用在读书或说话上。通常放在动词之后。aloud没有比较级 形式。如: He read the story aloud to his son.他朗读那篇故事给他儿子听。 ②loud可作形容词或副词。用作副词时,常与speak, talk, laugh等动词连用,多用于比较级,须放在动词之后。如: She told us to speak a little louder. 她让我们说大声一点。 ③loudly是副词,与loud同义,有时两者可替换使用,但往往 含有令人讨厌或打扰别人的意思,可位于动词之前或之后。 如: He does not talk loudly or laugh loudly in public. 他不当众大声谈笑。 7. not …at all 一点也不根本不如： I like milk very much. I don't like coffee at all. 我非常喜欢牛奶。我一点也不喜欢咖啡。 not经常可以和助动词结合在一起，at all 则放在句尾 8. be / get excited about sth.=== be / get excited about doing sth. === be excited to do sth. 对…感兴奋如： I am / get excited about going to Beijing.=== I am excited to go to Beijing. 我对去北京感到兴奋。 9. ①end up doing sth 终止做某事，结束做某事如： The party ended up singing. 晚会以唱歌而结束。 ②end up with sth. 以…结束如： The party ended up with her singing. 晚会以她的歌唱而告终。 10. first of all 首先. to begin with 一开始later on 后来、随 11. also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 too 也(用于肯定句) 常在句末 12. make mistakes 犯错如：I often make mistakes. 我经常犯错。
人教版新目标九年级英语课文翻译全一册
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九年级全一册知识点
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九年级英语上册重点语法归纳总结
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九年级英语语法填空12篇
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 A There are four people in my family. They are my parents, my elder brother and I. My mother is 1 house wife, and she works the 2 (hard) in my family. I 3 (usual) help her with the housework on weekends. My father is a 4 (teach). He has many lovely 5 (student). And he loves his job very much. My brother is 6 actor. He has 7 (work) for five years and he lives in another flat 8 (lonely) now. He often 9 (invite) us to go to his home to have dinner. I am a middle school student. I enjoy 10 (play) tennis in my spare time. My family members have a close relationship. I have a happy family. B My parents care about my study very much. When I do very well in 1 exam, my parents celebrate 2 for me. My mother usually cooks a delicious meal 3 my father always 4 (give) me a book as a present. He knows that I am 5 (interest) in reading books very much. But they also think it is important to develop 6 (person) independence. For example, some parents don?t expect their children to do the housework at home. Because they think 7 most important thing for them is to study well. But my parents have different 8 (opinion). They always ask me to help 9 the housework at home. So I can look after 10 (I) well. C Today is Saturday. Tom seems 1 (happily) because he doesn?t need to go to school. After 2 (eat) breakfast, he wants to go ouside to play, but it is 3 (rain) now. Tom feels sad. At the moment, Tom?s father asks Tom to play chess with him. Tom turns 4 (excite) after hearing that. In the afternoon, Tom and his parents watch TV together. The TV programmes are 5 (interest). D Susan had a problem and it worried her a lot. Last Sunday, 1 friend Ben came to her home to do the homework 2 her. After they finished their homework, it started to rain. Susan 3 (lend) her umbrella to Ben, 4 Ben hasn?t returned 5 to her yet. Susan?s grandmother gave the umbrella to Susan as her 6 (thirteen) birthday gift and it is very special to Susan. Susan felt 7 (embarrass) to talk about it to Ben. She had no idea what to do next. Her father told her maybe Ben has forgotten it and he suggested Susan should tell Ben the 8 (true). Now, Susan 9 (decide) to follow her father?s advice. She thinks Ben will be very happy to give 10 umbrella back. E My father died when I was 1 little kid. We were too poor 2 buy food. My mother got two part-time jobs to pay for 3 education. She did everything to make me live 4 (happy). At 5 age of twenty-two, I found a good job. However, a few 6 (month) later, the doctor told me I had a stomach cancer. It?s difficult for 7 (I) to accept the fact. My mother 8 (cook) simple but delicious food for me. After another CT, the doctor told me my tumor (肿瘤) got much 9 (small) than before, and I was away from the 10 (dangerous) of the cancer. F Mark Twain is one of the famous American 1 (write). Once he 2 (be) going to Dijon by train. There were many 3 (passenger) on the train. He was 4 (tire) and wanted to sleep. He asked the conductor (列车员) to wake him up when they came to Dijon. He explained he was 5 very heavy sleeper. “I?ll 6 (probable) get very angry at first, 7 do not take any notice. Just put me off the train.” Mark Twain went to sleep. After waking up, he 8 (find) that he was in Paris. He realized the conductor didn?t wake him up at Dijon. He 9 (run) up to the conductor and said, “I have never been so angry in all my life,”The conductor looked at him calmly. “You are not half so angry as 10 American whom I put off the train at Dijon,” she said.
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