动词不定式学案

动词不定式学案

◆Teaching Aims:

★To learn the different forms of the Infinitive.

★To master their usage through cooperation and exploration.

◆Teaching Procedures:

★Step I. Revision

指出下列不定式在句中充当什么成分．

1.To lose heart means failure.

2.She doesn’t want to marry him.

3.The most important thing is to take measures to prevent the pollution.

4.I need a pen to write with.

5.She asked us to go there on time.

6.The athletes practised hard to win the match.

7.I tried the door, only to find it locked inside.

8.I am glad to see you.

★Step II. Cooperation &Exploration

考点一：不定式的时态和语态

1.①- Is Bob still performing?

-I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official（2005江苏卷）

A. to have left

B. to leave

C. to have been left

D. to be left

②Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to____ since the flood hit the area last Friday. (2006年山东卷)

A. have been missing

B. have got lost

C. be missing

D. get lost

③The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games ______ in Beijing in 2008. (2006四川卷)

A. hold

B. holding

C. held

D. to be held

④It remains ________ whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals. （2006浙江卷）

A. seen

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. to see

⑤When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there ______ for a space flight.（2007江西卷）

A. training

B. being trained

C. to have trained

D. to be trained

⑥When the class teacher came in, the boy pretended ___________a book.（2007浙江卷）

A. to read

B. to have read

C. to be reading

D. to be read

小结：表示在主句谓语动词之前已完成的动作用不定式的_______式，即__________;表示在主句谓语动词之前已完成的动作且与其逻辑主语构成被动时用不定式的_________式，即____________; 表示正在进行的动作用_________式，即______________。

考点二：不定式的功能

不定式是非谓语动词常见的一种形式，它具有名词的特征，在句子中可以作主语或宾语；具有形容词的特征，在句子中可以作表语、定语或补足语；具有副词的特征，在句子中可以作状语。

1 ①We found a house _________ (用来住的房子).

②Can you lend me a pen ___________ (用来写的笔)?

③I have no one _________(可以交谈的人).

④Give me a piece of paper __________ (用来写字的纸)

小结：当不定式的动词表示所修饰词的______或为________时，应加上合适的_______。

2. I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.（2005天津卷）

A. to sound

B. to be sounded

C. sounding

D. to have sounded

小结：下列口诀中的动词只能接不定式作宾语：

决心/学会/想/希望，_______, _________/ __________/ __________/ ________, ________, ________ 拒绝/设法/愿/假装。________/ __________/ ________/ __________

主动/答应/选/计划，________/ __________/ __________/ __________

同意/请求/帮一帮。________/ _________, __________/ __________

此外还有afford(负担得起，提供), strive(力求，努力), happen(碰巧), wait, fail也要用不定式作宾语。

3.①He hurried to the booking office only ________ that all the tickets had been sold out. (2006年的全国II卷)

A. to tell

B. to be told

C. telling

D. told

②Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a recorder US$57.65 a barrel on April 4.（2005山东卷）

A. have reached

B. reaching

C. to reach

D. to be reaching

小结：不定式作结果状语表示___________的结果，而现在分词作状语表示___________的结果。

4. ①The teacher asked us ______so much noise. （2003北京卷）

A. don’t make

B. not make

C. not making

D. not to make

②I ______ him to give up smoking, but he wouldn’t listen.

A. persuaded

B. advised

C. suggested

D. provided

小结：下列动词后接带to的不定式作宾补

Advise, allow, ask. Beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, think, wait for, call on, depend on等。

5. ①—Excuse me sir, where is Room 301?

—Just a minute. I’ll have Bob ____you to your room. （2007北京卷）

A. show

B. shows

C. to show

D. showing

②My parents have always made me ______ about myself, even when I was twelve. （2007江苏卷）

A. feeling well

B. feeling good

C. feel well

D. feel good

③He is such a diligent boy that he doesn’t need to be made _________.

A. learn

B. learning

C. to learn

D. learnt

小结：下列动词在主动语态中用_________的不定式作宾补，但在被动语态中要加上____，归纳为：吾看三室两厅一感觉

吾看(五个“看”)：__________, ___________, _____________, _____________, ________________ 三室(三个使役动词)：__________, __________, __________

两厅(两个“听”)：____________, ____________

一感觉：_____________

考点三：不定式的省略

1. ①The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him_____(NMET2005重庆卷)

A. not to

B. not to do

C. not do it

D. do not

②.--- Does your brother intend to study Germany?

--- Yes, he intends ________.

A. /

B. to

C. so

D. that

③–Are you a teacher?

--No, but I hope _______.

A. /

B. to

C. to be

D. to do

小结：动词love, mean, want, hate, like, wish, expect, hope，try, intend, plan, refuse, prefer, seem 及be glad (pleased, delighted, happy)等后面接不定式时，为避免重复，常省略________________，只保留不定式符号to后的__________________。

2. ①We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we have no choice but _____ a taxi.

②We’ve missed the last bus. I’m afraid we can do nothing but _____ a taxi.

A. to take

B. taking

C. take

D. taken

小结：介词but ,except, besides 后接不定式作宾语时，介词前有________________ ,不定式要_____________，简称前有_____，后无______；前无_______，后有________。

考点四：不定式主动表被动的问题

1. ①She has a sister ______________. (她有一个妹妹要照看) （She looks after her sister）

②I have many books ___________. (我有很多书可读)（I read the books ）

小结：不定式与它前面修饰的词构成_______关系，又和句子主语构成_________关系时，不定式用______形式。

2. ①This book is difficult _______________. (这本书难懂)

②This kind of fish is nice ______________. (这种鱼很好吃)

小结：不定式用来说明主语的___________时，用________表被动。

考点五：不定式作独立成分

必背

to tell you the truth 说实话

to be exact 确切地说

to begin with 首先

to be frank 坦白说

to say nothing of 姑且不说

so to speak 可以这么说

to be sure 诚然，固然

to do him justice 说句对他公道的话

to make a long story short 简言之

to be brief 总而言之

★Step III. Practice

巩固练习

1. Listen! Do you hear someone _______ for help?

A. calling

B. call

C. to call

D. called

2. With Father’s Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the back ______ parents for my

dad.

A. buy

B. to buy

C. buying

D. to have bought

3. In many people’s opinion, that company, though relatively small, is pleasant _______.

A. to deal with

B. dealing with

C. to be dealt with

D. dealt with

4. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ______.

A. reusing

B. reused

C. reuses

D. to be reused

5. _______ the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.

A. Completing

B. Having completed

C. To have completed

D. To complete

6. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ___ reduce unemployment pressure.

A. help

B. to have helped

C. to help

D. having helped

7. We are invited to a party _____ in our club next Friday.

A. to be held

B. held

C. being held

D. holding

8. The play _______ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.

A. produced

B. being produced

C. to be produced

D. having been produced

9. ______, you need to give all you have and try your best.

A. Being a winner

B. To be a winner

C. Be a winner

D. Having been a winner

10. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _______.

A. to be breathed

B. to breathe

C. breathing

D. being breathed

11. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ______ alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.

A. living

B. to live

C. to be living

D. having lived

12. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made _______ in the restaurant.

A. working

B. work

C. to work

D. worked

13. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _____.

A. blamed

B. blaming

C. to blame

D. to be blamed

14. The plan was that the two companies should first reach an agreement on the basic principle, the details _______ later.

A. to be discussed

B. discussed

C. were discussed

D. discussing

15. During job interviews, many graduates use the reputation and image of their schools to the full, _______ themselves to employers.

A. presented

B. to have presented

C. having presented

D. to present

16. There is nothing more I can try _____ you to stay, so I wish you good luck.

A. persuading

B. being persuaded

C. to be persuaded

D. to persuade

17. James said that he’d like to work with some of the leading directors, first _______, and then hopefully _______ his own film.

A. learning; do

B. learning; to do

C. to learn; doing

D. to learn; to do

18. –Do you think there’s any possibility of the new educational program ______ next year?

--Quite possible, according to some well-informed person.

A. carrying out

B. carried out

C. to be carried out

D. being carried out

19. –Could you tell me the way to the zoo?

--Follow me, please. I happen ________ there, too.

A. to have been

B. to have gone

C. to be going

D. going

20. With two more professional hands ____ you with the work later on, scarcely will you have any trouble _______ your task ahead of time.

A. helping; fulfilling

B. help; fulfill

C. will help; fulfilled

D. to help; fulfilling

情态动词用法导学案

Modal verbs（情态动词的用法） ————课堂导学案 一、Lead in Watch a video, then answer a question. ---How does Mr. Bean like the man? --- _____________________ 二、教学过程 Step 1: 复习情态动词用法一 5 tasks 1.动词的种类：_________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 2.情态动词的定义:___________________________________________________ 3.已经学过的情态动词：4-3-2 ①能、会____________ 也许，可能___________ 应该______________ 将会_________________ ②必须___________ 需要________________ 敢_______________ ③不得不_________ 最好_____________________ 4 情态动词的语法特征： ①后接动词____________He can speak English. ②无_____和______ 的变化They can speak English? ③构成否定句时，在其后加______ 构成疑问句时，将其_____ He can’t speak English Can he speak English? 注意：have to 不遵循以上②、③规则，其有_____ _____的变化，疑问句也要借_____来完成。如：They have to go home . She has to go home. They don’t have to go home. She doesn’t have to go home. Do they have to go home? Does she have to go home? ④情态动词的肯定回答, 用开头的词来回答. --- May I go now? ---Yes, you may. ⑤情态动词疑问句的否定回答，通常用相应的否定形式. ---Can she swim?---No, she can’t. 但may 和must 的一般疑问句的否定回答，分别用____________ ; _____________ 5. Have a try(小试牛刀) ( )1. ---Must we clean the classroom before breakfast? ---No, you _____. A. can’t B. may not C. mustn’t D. needn’t ( )2. ---Can you tell us the story in English? ---No, I_____. A. needn’t B. don’t C. won’t D. can’t ( )3.---May I take the books out of the room?--- No, you ___. A. may not B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. don’t ( )4. You _____ go there at once. A. hav en’t to B. doesn’t have to B. don’t have to D. not have to Step 2 情态动词表推（猜）测，4 tasks。 1. He plays basketball every day, so he must be very strong now. 2. must /have to must 表________________________ 2. He looks handsome, he may/might/could be an actor in the future. may/might /could表___________________ 表示“可能性”，三者之间区别不大may 的可能性稍大。 3. can’t / can ①He is riding a bike outside, so he can’t be at home.can’t 表_______________

高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习电子教案

高中动词不定式用法讲解及练习

Grammar Presentation---动词不定式 一、不定式的句法功能 ●不定式作主语 ?To learn a foreign language is not easy.学习外语不是一件容易的事。 ◎不定式短语作主语时，常用it作形式主语来代替它的位置，而将真正的主语（不定式短语）移到谓语之后 ?It’s a great honor to be invited to Mary’s birthday party.很荣幸被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会。 ●不定式作宾语 ◎作动词宾语 ◇下列动词常接不定式作宾语，如：agree, arrange, ask, beg, choose, dare, decide, demand,expect, fail, fear, hope, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, ?They hope to find new resources for mankind.他们希望为人类找到新资源。 ◇如果不定式作宾语且有自己的补语，常用“it”作形式宾语，而把真正的宾语放在后面。 下列动词常用it作形式宾语，如：believe, consider, feel, find, know, make ?I know it impossible to finish so much homework in one day. 我知道在一天中完成这么多的作业是不可能的。 ●不定式作表语 ◎不定式作表语时，一般紧跟在系动词后，说明主语的内容 ?The first step is to check the victim’s breathing.

动词不定式的用法学案

动词不定式的用法 非谓语动词是指那些在句中不能单独充当谓语的动词，可分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词。 1. 不定式形式:由to＋动词原形构成。 2.用途： 在句中不能作谓语。它具有动词的性质，本身可以带宾语和状语。动词不定式在句中除了不做谓语，可以作句子任何成分。动词不定式的被动形式除了一般形式外还有其完成式和进行式。 动词不定式及其短语还可以有自己的宾语、状语，虽然动词不定式在语法上没有表面上的直接主语，但它表达的意义是动作，这一动作一定由施动者发出。动作的施动者我们称之为不定式的逻辑主语，其形式如下： 主动形式被动形式 一般式（not） to make （not） to be made 完成式（not） to have made （not） to have been made 进行式（not） to be making (1)语态 如果动词不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式一般要用被动语态形式。如： It's a great honor _____________ (invite) to Mary's birthday party.（不定式作______） I wish ______________ (send)to work in the country.（不定式作__________） Can you tell me which is the car________________( repair)（不定式作________） He went to the hospital______________________ (examine).（不定式作__________） (2)时态 1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 I hope_________(see) you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。 2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。 I'm sorry __________________ (give) you so much trouble. 3) 进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。 He seems ____________________ (eat) something. 4) 疑问词who, what, which, when, where, whether, how后可接不定式构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。如： Eg. 什么时候出发去伦敦到现在还没有决定呢。 _______________________________________________________________________我问陈老师怎么样学好英语。 __________________________________________________________________________

动词不定式用法归纳

动词不定式用法归纳 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如： To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy．（Lesson 10）． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj．（形容词）＋to do sth．或 It is ＋n．（名词）＋to do sth．句型中，it仅作形式主语。 2．作宾语 a.以下动词只能to do 作宾语。 attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视 afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange 安排 mean意欲，打算 begin开始 expect期望 appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装 ask问 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love爱 swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg请求 fail不能 plan计划 bother扰乱；烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿 care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备 decide决定 learn学习 regret抱歉，遗憾 choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许 start 开始 undertake承接 want想要 intend想要 refuse拒绝 decide决定 learn学习 contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议 seek找，寻觅 try试图 b．love，like ，begin，start，hate ，prefer等词后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面除接不定式外，还可以接动名词，意思无很大区别。 提示板：like doing指经常性动作，而like to do指一次性的动作。如： I like swimming，but I don't like to swim now．我喜欢游泳，但我现在不想游。 c．stop，forget，remember，go on ，try等词或短语后面可以接不定式。 点击规律：上述动词后面接不定式和接动名词意思大不相同。 1）stop to do sth．：停止一件事，去做另一件事。 stop doing sth．：停止正在做的事。 例句：When the teacher came in，the students stopped talking；when he came out，the students stopped to talk． 当老师走进来时，学生们停止说话；当老师走出去时，学生们又开始说话。 2）思考：forget，remember，go on，try等词或短语后面接不定式和动名词用法有何区别d．在find／feel＋it＋adj．＋to do sth．句型中，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。如： The man downstairs found it difficult to get to sleep． I feel it easy to recite the text． 点击规律：某些动词或短语后面既可以接动词不定式作宾语，又可接动名词作宾语，二者用法上的区别可以通过造句子加以区分，如上面stop例句。 3．作宾语补足语 a．下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使 allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿 announce

八下Unit3单元语法学法指导之情态动词Could 用法导学案2.0

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