英警察招募志愿者免费洗警车

英警察招募志愿者免费洗警车

英国斯塔福德郡警方近期发布一则广告，在当地招募志愿者免费为他们清洗并保养警车，称此举每年能帮助警方节约5500小时的时间，同时还能减少警局的支出。另外，该警局还有意让社区民众参与散发安保传单和出警翻译等工作，当然也是免费的。当地民众和一些警员均对此提出疑义，称让未经训练的志愿者参与这些工作会埋下安全隐患。发布招募广告的警局则表示，所有志愿者均需年满16岁，而且上岗前会经过严格审查和指导培训。

A police force in Britain has advertised for members of the public to wash and valet its patrol cars for free in an attempt to cut costs.

Staffordshire Police is hoping to save 5,500 police hours a year by getting volunteers from the community to regularly clean its fleet of vehicles.

The idea is the latest cost-cutting idea from cash-strapped forces, which are also seeking people to work for free completing tasks such as gardening and translating.

However, it has raised concern among police officers and staff, who fear volunteers could pose a security risk.

Staffordshire Police launched its appeal for volunteers to clean cars, act as interpreters and hand out crime-fighting leaflets two weeks ago.

A spokesman said it had received a "number" of applications but could not say if any of the jobs had been filled.

The job advert posted by the force seeks car washing volunteers who would also be required to check equipment in cars and replace faulty items such as traffic cones and flashing lights.

The force also wants unpaid interpreters to work alongside officers on patrol and helpers for crime prevention campaigns.

Ben Priestley, of Unison, which represents police staff, told the Daily Mail: "The public will be very concerned that this vital work is being done by untrained volunteers who will not be subject to the same high standards of professionally employed police staff."

PC Andy Adams, of Staffordshire Police Federation, said: "With this sort of thing they may look at other roles in the organisation where they can push it a little bit further.

"I would like to think that all these people are properly vetted and accredited but that will of course cost money."

All volunteers must be at least 16 and are to be vetted and given an induction course before they can start work, the force said.

Assistant Chief Constable Julian Blazeby said he thought local people would be "keen to get involved" in helping their local force.

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《警察与赞美诗》 教学目标：1、学习从思想内容（情节、主题）的角度评论文学作品（主要目标）； 2、品味作品幽默讽刺的语言（辅助目标）。 感知阶段 一、导入定向 （一）揭示教学目标 在第一单元的学习中，我们解决了“评论要知人论世”的问题。第二单元的学习，主要解决“评论的角度”问题。单元提示告诉我们，对作品的评论，可以侧重于思想内容，也可以侧重于艺术形式。以作品的内容为评论重点，可以从题材、人物、情节、主题等角度入手。学习《警察与赞美诗》，我们就侧重于思想内容，从情节和主题入手进行评论。 （二）设置“突破口” “警察与赞美诗”：警察是维护社会治安的人，赞美诗是基督教徒祈祷时唱的歌。作者把它们放在一起，有什麽用意和含义，请带着这个问题学习。 二、整体认读 （一）了解作者极其创作特点 欧亨利，生活在19世纪后期、20世纪初期的美国，著名的短篇小说家。他善于描写平凡人物，特别是纽约普通老百姓的生活，文笔幽默，被称为“美国生活的幽默的百科全书”。我们读过他的《最后一片叶子》、《麦琪的礼物》，又预习了《警察与赞美诗》，初步看出欧亨利的小说在情节安排方面有怎样的显著特点？（常常在故事的最后，出现意想不到的结局。这种写法被称为“欧亨利式的结尾”。 （二）概括小说的情节。 请用最简洁的语言概括小说的情节。小说的主人公是流浪汉苏比，作品分三部分：1、寒冬迫近，食宿无着，企求入狱；2、故意犯罪，警察不抓，无从入狱；3、听赞美诗，决意从善，被抓入狱。结局出人意料。 理解阶段 三、分析研读 （一）改写小说的结局，初析主题

1、改写结局并说明意图 我们在读第一遍时，大概谁也不会想到小说是这样的结局。预习时，要求同学们读到小说中写苏比第六次故意犯罪，还是不能“落入法网”，警察们“认为他是个不会犯错误的国王”时，想一想，要是让我们接下去写，故事将如何结局。请用简洁的语言把你设计的结局说出来。（讨论） 我们设计的结局，大体上分为悲剧、喜剧两类。悲剧结局有：冻饿而死；终于入狱；彻底堕落等等。喜剧结局有成为新人；爬到上层等等。这篇小说的结局应该是悲剧还是喜剧？（喜剧无批判意义，且有悖上文情节；悲剧具有批判意义，且是上文情节的合乎逻辑的发展。） 请设计悲剧结局的同学说出你的意图。（冻饿而死，表现美国下层人民的悲惨命运；终于入狱或彻底堕落，表现灵魂被扭曲。 2、研究改写部分与上文之间的联系，揭示小说的主题要点之一、二 既然我们设计的悲剧结局合乎上文情节的发展，那么上文是怎样表现穷人的“悲惨命运”的呢？请以有关描写为例回答。（小说用对比手法，写出社会的贫富不均，突出穷人的命运悲惨。如：冬天到了，富人想的是“海豹皮大衣”；而苏比“躺在街心公园长凳上辗转反侧”，“把三份星期天的厚报纸塞在上衣里，盖在脚踝和膝头上，都没有能挡住寒气”。所以，我们顺着这个思路，安排苏比“冻饿而死”的结局。） 上文又是怎样表现穷人的“灵魂扭曲”的呢？（苏比企求入狱，是反常的心态；他为入狱所用的故意犯罪的种种手段，是反常的行为。）哪些手段？（1）骗食（未遂），（2）砸破橱窗，（3）白吃（挨揍）,（4）调戏女人，（5）扰乱治安，（6）偷盗绸伞。从作品中找出一些描写其反常行为的句子来加以品味。如“调戏女人”的“表演”，“扰乱治安”的行动，写得幽默，富有讽刺性。这些行为都是“灵魂扭曲”的表现，在这些情节之后，安排苏比“终于入狱”或“彻底堕落”，是合情合理的，进一步表现他的“灵魂扭曲”。 （二）回到小说的结局，再析主题。 同学们设计的几种结局都不错，试图告诉人们，那个社会给穷人带来悲惨的命运，扭曲了人的灵魂。这也是欧亨利所要告诉人们的。可是，欧亨利为什麽不像我们这样安排结局，而要用赞美诗来感召苏比，用警察来抓苏比呢？ 1、研究“警察”与苏比的关系，揭示小说的主题要点之三。 为什麽最终要写警察抓苏比？要弄清楚这个问题，先要弄清楚小说第二部分写苏比6次故意犯罪时警察的反映。读出小说中有关的描写，并用最简洁的语言加以概括。（1）骗食未遂——警察不知；（2）砸破橱窗，“在警察的脑子里苏比连个旁证都算不上”——警察不信；（3）白吃挨揍，“警察先是笑了笑，顺着街走开去了”——警察不理；（4）调戏女人，警察“盯住他”，“还在盯着”，“老盯着”，苏比“懊丧地在警察身边走了过去”——警察不管；（5）扰乱治安，“警察让警棍打着旋，身子转过去背对苏比，向一个市民解释”——警察不究；（6）偷盗绸伞，警察“急匆匆地跑去搀一位穿晚礼服的金发高个儿女士过马路”——警察不暇。总之是警察不抓。 再来看看结局部分。警察是在怎样的情况下抓苏比的？请听配有“赞美诗”音乐的朗读录音。听读时留意描写苏比心理活动的句子，分析苏比心理活动的层次。（听录音）这部分有层次地写出苏比的心理活动，有几层？（1）庄严虔诚的赞美诗唤起他对一生中美好时刻的回忆“生活中有母爱、玫瑰、