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2017届中考英语专题练习介词和介词短语(含解析)

2017届中考英语专题练习介词和介词短语(含解析)
2017届中考英语专题练习介词和介词短语(含解析)

介词和介词短语

1、(2016?潍坊)Hurry up!The movie will begin 10 minutes.()A.over B.in C.for D.at

【考点】时间介词.

【分析】快点,电影还有十分钟就开始了.

【解答】答案选B.A over,作为时间介词时,意思是"多于;超过",如over two years,两年多.C for,指动作延续贯穿整个过程,后接时间段.D at,多用于表示具体的钟点时刻前,也可用于固定搭配中,表示的时间大多比较短暂.B in,用于表示一段时间,或用于年、月、日、世纪、四季或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等.还可用于表示"从现在起,多长时间以后或多久以后",由hurry up,will begin 等词可推断,电影将会在10分钟之后开始.所以B项符合题题,答案选B

2、(2016?济南)I often go to the bookstore Quancheng Road although it's crowded.()

A.on B.for C.from D.between

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】尽管很挤,但是我还是经常去泉城路上的那家书店.

【解答】答案:A 根据bookstore和Quancheng Road的位置关系,可知店铺是位于马路的表面上的.故应该用on.故选A.

3、(2016?济宁)We should be kind to the old and take care them in daily life.()A.of B.for C.with D.about

【考点】其他介词.

【分析】我们应该善待老人,在日常生活中照顾他们.

【解答】答案:A 根据句子中take care后接介词of,构成短语take care of,后接人或事物作宾语,take care of them照顾他们,故选:A

4、(2016?菏泽)Please e-mail me sdshzs666@163.com if you have any questions.()

A.on B.at C.to

【考点】其他介词.

【分析】如果你有任何问题请给我发电子邮件到邮箱:sdshzs666@163.com.

【解答】答案:B.

结合语境可以推断这句话表达的意思是"如果你有任何问题请给我发电子邮件到邮箱:sdshzs666@163.com.",由于设空处的介词后面跟着的是邮箱地址,所以应该用介词:at,故选B

5、(2016?德州)Nobody could solve this difficult problem alone_____________ others'help.()

A.with B.for C.without D.from

【考点】其他介词.

【分析】在没有别人的帮助下,任何人都无法独自解决这个难题.

【解答】答案:C.

根据设空处后面的others'help结合语境可以推断这句话表达的意思是"在没有别人的帮助下,任何人都无法独自解决这个难题.",所以设空处应选择一个否定意义的方式介词,结合选项 without 意为"没有",表否定,符合句意,故选C

6、(2016?烟台)Life is the unexpected.Whatever we do,try our best.()

A.full of B.proud of C.instead of D.because of

【考点】介词短语.

【分析】生活充满了意想不到的东西.无论我们做什么,尽我们最大的努力.

【解答】答案A.be full of 充满;be proud of 自豪;instead of 代替;because of 由

于.结合语境应该是生活充满了意想不到的东西.故选A.

7、(2016?德州)It's dangerous for you to go out for a walk in the forest ___________

at night.()

A.on business B.by the way

C.on your own D.on the top

【考点】介词短语.

【分析】晚上你自己外出到森林里散步是很危险的.

【解答】答案:C.

首先明确选项中各个短语的意思,A:出差;B:顺便说一下;C:你自己;D:在顶部;根

据语境推测句意是"晚上你自己外出到森林里散步是很危险的.",由此判断句子中缺少短语:

on your own,故答案为C.

8、(2015?临沂)For many western people,they drink cold water even winter.()

A.on B.for C.at D.in

【考点】时间介词.

【分析】翻译:对于许多西方人来说,他们甚至在冬天喝冷水.

【解答】根据句意,表示具体在某个季节,需要用in,故选:D

9、(2015?莱芜)Anna is in a hurry because the train is leaving _______ half an hour.()

A.for B.by C.in D.after

【考点】时间介词.

【分析】Anna很匆忙,因为火车半个小时后就要离开了.

【解答】答案:C.

根据语境“Anna很匆忙,因为火车半个小时后就要离开了.”,句子的时态是一般将来时,

half an hour表示“半个小时”指一段时间,“in+时间段”表示“一段时间以后”句中的

谓语动词用一般将来时.故选:C.

10、(2015?东营)When is the World Book and Copyright Day(世界读书日)?

It's____23 April.()

A.in B.at C.on D.during

【考点】时间介词.

【分析】世界读书日是什么时候?--时间是4月23日.

【解答】答案:C 根据时间状语23 April,可知时间为具体到某一天(4月23日).in+年、

月、季节等;at+时间点;on+具体到某一天;during+时间段.故选C

11、It's reported that the passenger ship"Eastern Star"capsized and sank(翻沉)

in the Yangtze River _____ June 1st,2015.()

A.in B.on C.at

【考点】时间介词.

【分析】据报道,"东方之星"客轮于2015年6月1号在长江翻沉.

【解答】答案:B.

根据设空处后面的时间"June 1st,2015"可知句子中的时间状语是"2015年6月1",这个时

间具体到某一天,用介词on. at+时间点; in+年、月、季节等;on+具体的某一天或某一天的上午/下午/晚上.故选B.

12、______April 20,2015,Chinese president arrived in Islamabad for a 2-day state visit.()

A.At B.In C.To D.On

【考点】时间介词.

【分析】2015年4月20日,中国国家主席抵达伊斯兰堡进行为期两天的国事访问.

【解答】答案:D 句子中"…April 20""4月20日"表示具体的日期,在具体到几号的日期前用介词on,故选:D.

13、-Where is North Korea?

-It lies ______ the northeast of China.()

A.on B.to C.in D.at

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】-朝鲜在哪儿?-它位于中国的东北部.

【解答】在表示方位时,in表示A地在B地范围之内; to表示A地在B地范围之外,即二者之间有距离间隔; on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻,at表示在一点.结合常识可知中国与朝鲜毗邻,故选A

14、Teenagers should be encouraged to go ______and be close to nature.()A.inside B.back C.outside D.off

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】青少年应该被鼓励去外面亲近大自然.

【解答】由be close to nature可知“意为去外面”.inside内部;back后面;outside 外面,off离开.故选C

15、The bank is ______ the bookstore and the post office.

A.at the front of B.among

C.between

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】翻译:银行在书店和邮局之间.

【解答】at the front of指在某个物体本身或范围之内的前部,仅指一个点而已;among 一般用于三者或三者以上的“在…中间”,其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数(或集合)意义的名词或代词;between 一般指两者之间,其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词.故选:C.

16、In the picture,the chair is ______ the table.()

A.under B.on C.above D.beside

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】在图画中,椅子在桌子旁边.

【解答】答案:D.under在…下边;on在…上边(有接触面);above在…上边(无接触面);beside在…旁边.根据图中位置关系可知,椅子在桌子旁边.故选D

17、---I hear two high speed railways will be built in Xiangyang __________ a few years.

---That sounds great.It’ll be more convenient and faster for us to go out.()A.after B.on C.in D.at

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】翻译:---我听说在几年后,襄阳将建成高速铁路.

---那听起来很棒.我们外出将会更方便,更快地外出.

【解答】根据句意和will be build表示“将被建设”,是一般将来时的被动语态,in后面跟一段时间a few years,做一般将来时的时间状语,答案选:C

18、-Why do you want to be a teacher,David?

-Because I like children and I can feel happy________ them.()

A.in B.between C.among

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】--大卫,你为什么想当教师?--因为我喜欢孩子而且在他们中我感到快乐.

【解答】答案:C.A.in在…里面,指在事物的内部;B between在…之间,强调两者之间.among 在…之间,强调三者或三者以上的人或物之间,本题之在若干同学之间表示三者或三者以上,故选C

19、The large grassland,reaching out far away,looks extremely beautiful _____the blue and clean sky.()

A.against B.above C.through D.past

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】大片的草地,延伸到远方,以清澈的蓝天为背景,看起来极为美丽.

【解答】答案:A 根据主语“grassland”(草地)和“the blue and clean sky”(蔚蓝的天空)可知草地不可能在天空之上,故排除above(在…之上);草地不可能从天空内部穿过,故排除through(从内部穿过);past为超过,against 以…为背景,衬托着.故选A.20、Helen is friendly and she always has a smile _____ her face.()

A.on B.with C.at D.for

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】海伦很友好,脸上总是带着微笑.

【解答】答案:A 根据smile,可知词意为微笑.her face为她的脸.微笑是在脸上的.表示…的上面用on.with表示伴随,带有;at后接地点,表示在某处;for表示目的.故选A.

21、Maria is leaving for France soon by air.She will arrive ______ Paris ______ the morning of August 8th.()

A.at; in B.in; on C.in; in D.at; on

【考点】方位介词;时间介词.

【分析】玛丽亚不久要乘机前往法国.她将在8月8日早晨到达巴黎.

【解答】答案:B.

arrive in+大地点;arrive at+小地点,巴黎是法国首都,是大地点;在具体的某一天的上午前用介词on.故选B

22、--Where is Guang’an,Lingling?

--It is _________ the east of Sichuan.()

A.in B.on C.for D.to

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】--琳琳,广安在哪里?--它在四川省东部.

【解答】答案:Ain 在某范围之内;on 表示毗邻,接壤;for 为了…; to 表某范围之外示在;根据语境,广安市在四川省内,用介词in,所以选A

23、Ladies and gentlemen,welcome ________ China-South Asia EXPO.()

A.on B.in C.at D.to

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】--女士们,先生们,欢迎来到中国南亚博览会.

【解答】答案:D

on 在…上面;in 在…里面;at 在…接小地点;to 表示在某范围之外根据语境,欢迎来到…短语welcome to…所以用介词to

24、Heilongjiang Province is ________ the northeast of China.()

A.to B.in C.on

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】黑龙江省在中国的东北方.

【解答】答案:B.根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是介词的用法.从属于某个国家、区域应该使用介词in,两地紧挨着应用介词on,两地不挨着,中间隔着海峡或者其他国家、区域应用介词to.结合语境“黑龙江省在中国的东北方.”,故选B

25、Ma Yun,the Chairperson of Alibaba Group,has made much money the Internet.()

A.through B.along C.across D.towards

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】马云,阿里巴巴集团的总裁,已经通过网络赚到了很多钱.

【解答】答案:A.根据语境以及上下文,本题考查的是介词的用法.根据选项的意思,A 选项的意思是“通过、经过”,一般指通过什么方式;B选项的意思是“沿着,顺着”;C选项意思是“穿过”,一般指穿过街道、河流等;D选项的意思是“朝向,面向…”,表示方向.同时,根据句意推测,“马云,阿里巴巴集团的总裁,已经_____网络赚到了很多钱.”,可知使用“through”来通过网络的方式来赚钱.故选A.

26、You have to put the past you before you can move on.()

A.in front of B.near

C.behind D.between

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】--在你出发之前,你不得不把往事抛在你的后面.

【解答】答案:Cin front of 在…的前面(外部);near 在…附近;behind 在…后面;between 在…之间;根据语境,把往事抛在你的后面,所以用介词behind,选C

27、You must be careful when you swim the lake.()

A.across B.below C.over D.through

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】--当你游过这个湖的时候,你必须小心.

【解答】答案:Aacross,穿过从物体表面通过;below,在…以下,通常不接触面;over 在…正上方;through,穿过,从物体内部穿过;根据语境,游过湖泊,从其表面穿过,用介词across,所以选A

28、This road is usually busy _______ the rush hours.()

A.between B.among C.in

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】--这条路在通常在高峰时间很很繁忙.

【解答】答案:C.

between 两者之间;among 三者或者三者以上之间;in 表示在较长的时间内;根据语境在高峰时间,用介词in,in the rush hours,所以选C

29、There are some apples_____the tree and some birds are singing_____the tree.()A.on,on B.in,on C.on,in

【考点】方位介词.

【分析】树上有一些苹果,一些鸟儿在树上唱歌.

【解答】答案:C.

结合语境可以推断这句话表达的意思是"树上有一些苹果,一些鸟儿在树上唱歌."in the tree和on the tree译成汉语都是"在树上"之意,但所表示的含义是不一样的:in the tree 多指外界的事物或人在树上,而非树木自身所长;而on the tree则多指树自身所有,长在树上的东西.本题根据句意选C

30、--Who is the girl ______ long black hair?

--She’s my sister.()

A.has B.have C.with D.of

【考点】方式介词.

【分析】--那个留着黑色长发的女孩是谁?

--她是我的妹妹.

【解答】答案:C.

根据设空处后面的long black hair 即:“黑色的长发”可以推断这句话表达的意思是“那个留着黑色长发的女孩是谁?”其中句中的介词表达“留着”的意思,应该为:with,故选C

31、-Who is that girl ____ the pink sweater?

-Becky.Pink is her favorite color.()

A.to B.of C.in D.at

【考点】方式介词.

【分析】--那个穿粉色毛衣的女孩是谁?贝琪,粉色是她最喜欢的颜色.

【解答】答案:C to 到,向,朝着;of(…的)可用于所有格,某人/物的…;in+年、月、季节、世纪等大时间,还可以表示穿戴in+服装/颜色;at(表示位置)在;在(某时间或时刻);以,达;向,朝;句子中表示“穿着粉色毛衣的女孩”介词词组in the pink sweater,修饰名词the girl,作后置定语,故选:C.

32、Wild animals are our friends.We shouldn't kill them food or clothing.()

A.in B.with C.about D.for

【考点】目的介词.

【分析】野生动物是我们的朋友,我们不应该为食物或衣服而杀了他们.

【解答】根据句意,显然是表示目的,故运用目的介词for,故选D

33、There was a big crowd waiting _____ the opening ceremony to start.()A.by B.from C.for D.with

【考点】目的介词.

【分析】一大群人正在等待开幕式开始

【解答】wait for 为固定搭配,表目的.waiting for the opening ceremony to start 做crowd 的定语.故选C

34、Kumming is famous ________ its beautiful scenery(风景).()

A.for B.of C.as D.to

【考点】目的介词.

【分析】昆明以它美丽的风景而出名.

【解答】答案;A be famous as表示“以…而出名”的意思,或确切地说,是“作为…而出名“的意思,主要是表示人“以某种身份或职业而出名”;be famous to sb.“广为人知,

大家都熟悉的”;be famous for表示某人“以某种知识技能,作品或特征而出名”,表示某地“以某种特产或特征出名”,或表示某事“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知”根据句中“its beautiful scenery”这是介绍昆明的特征,故选:A.

35、It is great____us to get so many favourite books on International Children's Book Day.()

A.to B.with C.Of D.for

【考点】目的介词.

【分析】在国际儿童读书节上得到如此多的最喜欢的书,对我们来说太好了.

【解答】答案:D 根据句型It is great for sb.to do sth.做某事对某人来说很好.it 为形式主语,真正的主语为后面的动词不定式;for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible,great.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right.故选:D

36、Tony gets up early in the morning.He likes to make breakfast _________ his family.()

A.at B.on C.for D.from

【考点】目的介词.

【分析】托尼早晨起得很早,他喜欢为他的家人做早餐.

【解答】答案:C make sth.for sb.=make sb.sth.为某人制作某物,make breakfast for sb.为某人做早饭,for后接人物对象,故选:C

37、Guilin is famous _____ its green hills and clear water.()

A.with B.of C.for

【考点】目的介词.

【分析】桂林以其青山和清澈的水而出名.

【解答】答案:C be famous for表示某人“以某种知识技能,作品或特征而出名”,表示某地“以某种特产或特征出名”,或表示某事“以其内容、特征、价值等而被人所知.根据句中“its green hills and clear water”这里介绍桂林的特色,故选:C.

38、I love this picture ______ you beside the music fountain.()

A.in B.of C.on D.at

【考点】范围介词.

【分析】我喜欢你在音乐喷泉旁的这张照片.

【解答】in在…里面;of…的;on在…上面;at在,后跟小地点或具体的时间;a picture of sb.某人的照片,of表所属关系,故选:B.

39、In cold winter,the temperature in Harbin often remains zero all day.()A.above B.below C.over D.under

【考点】范围介词.

【分析】翻译:在寒冷的冬天,哈尔滨气温通常整天仍低于零.

【解答】above,over都可表示“在…之上”.above一般表示“在上面,高于”,不一定垂直; over表示在…正上方,强调垂直在…之上;below表示非垂直并不与表面接触的下方;under表示垂直并不与表面接触的下方.根据句意,故选:B.

40、It is careless ______ him to lose his wallet again.I think it necessary ______ him to

be more careful next time.()

A.of; to B.of; for C.for; for

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14. go on 继续做某事 15. feel like 喜欢做某事 16. stop to do sth 与stop doing sth 停下来去做某事(与)停止做某事. 17. forget/remember to do 与forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得去做某事(与) 忘记/记得曾经做过事. 18. keep(precent,stop)sb. from doing sth阻止/防止/阻栏栽人做某事 19. prefer….to ……喜欢…..胜过…… 20. prefer to do sth. rather than do ath.宁愿做某事,而不原做某事. 21. used to do sth.过去常常做某事. 22. What’s wong with……? …..出了问题(事)? 23. have nothing to do with….. 与…..无关 24. be busy doing sth . 在忙于做某事 25. too…..to….. 太……以致知于不…… 26. so ……that ….. 如此….. 以致知于不…… 27. such…..that……如此….. 以致知于不…… 28. It take sb. some time to do sth .某人做某事用了一些时间.

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中考英语重点介词短语 归纳 Company number:【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】

介词重点短语归纳 1. ~ down: put down放下 shut down把…关上 cut down砍掉 come down下来、落下 slow down 减缓、放慢 sit down坐下 write down写下 get down下来,降落 2. after ~: after all毕竟.终究 after that于是.然后 day after day日复一日地one after another相继.挨次 soon after不久以后 the day after tomorrow后天 3. ~ up (with): come up with找到、提出 catch up with赶上 wake up弄醒、醒来 send up发射 open up开设、开办 grow up长大 pick up拾起、捡起hands up举手 eat up吃光 clean up打扫干净 give up doing sth.=stop doing sth.放弃做某事 4.到达: arrive at/in + n. (地方) =get to +n. (地方) =reach + n. (地方) =arrive / get +adv. (地方) 5. ~ back: get…back退还,送回去.取回 give back归还

come back回来 at the back of在…的后面 on the way (back)home在回家路上 6. at~ : at least至少 at breakfast早餐时 at desk在桌前 at once立刻,马上 at school在上学 at the doctor’s在医务室 at work在工作 at night在晚上 at noon中午 be good at=do well in 善长 be bad at不善长 laugh at嘲笑 not…at all一点也不 at the age of在…岁时 at first起初 at last=in the end=finally最后、终于 at the beginning of (the 21st century)在21世纪初at the end of 在…终点、结尾 at Christmas在圣诞节 at the foot of在…脚下 at the moment= now现在 at any moment任何时候 at times(sometimes)有时,偶尔 at the same time同时 7. for~ : for example例如 for ever永远 be good for对…有益 be bad for对…有害 for long=for a long time长期 for short 简称 be short for是…的简称

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