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外刊经贸知识选读翻译

旺旺英语

Lesson 15

Weekly Commodities (telex) 每周商品行情

Commodities 1商品行情（-）

econews by Kate Kavanagh Oil prices seesaw to three-month low in “big bang week London”, Oct. 31 (afp)—the attention of commodities dealers was last week captured initially by events on the stock exchange, where Monday’s big bang was muffled by computer failures, but turned later to the troubled oil market.

（法新社）10月31日电：在“伦敦大爆炸改革周”中，石油价格起伏不定，跌至三个月来的最低点。——上周商品交易者们的注意力先是被股票交易所发生的事情吸引，那里的计算机出了故障从而抑制了周一的“大爆炸改革”；但随后，交易者们的注意力又转向了混乱的石油市场。

The unexpected departure of sheik ahmed zaki yamani from his post as Saudi Arabian oil minister aggravated existing uncertainty concerning the future direction of oil prices in view of severe world oversupply.

在国际市场严重供大于求的情况下，沙特阿拉伯石油部长亚马尼的突然离职使本来就起伏不定的油价变得更加难以预料。

Unstable crude prices in turn prompted falls in platinum and gold, the latter to its lowest since early September, aggravated by the withdrawal of investment support as the dollar regained ground.

动荡的原油价格反过来又加速了白金和黄金的降价，而且由于美元重收失地，投资者纷纷撤回投资，黄金还降到了九月初以来的最低点。

Sterling’s decline lent some support to the base metal sector, where lead and zinc rallied on the continuing lack of a solution to the labour dispute affecting australia’s broken hill mines.

英镑的贬值使贱金属的价格有所上升。由于影响到澳大利亚Broken Hill矿山的劳工纠纷迟迟得不到解决，贱金属里的铅和锌的价格止跌回升。

Coffee fluctuated wildly on uncertainty over brazil’s role in the market but sugar and cocoa kept to a narrow range in quiet conditions.

咖啡的价格由于巴西在市场上的角色不稳定而疯狂波动，可是糖和可可的价格在平静中起伏不大。

The grain sector was dulled by the prospect of lower-than-expected soviet imports this season, despite improved british export figures.

本季度，尽管英国的出口量增加了，谷物市场还是因为苏联的进口比预想的低而显得清淡。

Commodities 2 商品行情2

Econews(London) Gold: lower. After coming in for early support on news of strike action affecting mines belonging to gold fields of south Africa, values declined in line with platinum and new york advices as miners were encouraged to return to work by management promises of negotiation. The fall in oil prices also brought pressure to bear but good resistance at around the 400 dollars per ounce level permitted a brief rally. However, values suffered a late decline to below 400 dollars per ounce in line with new york as the dollar strengthened on news of a decline in the u.s. budget trade and a cut in the bank of japan’s discount rate.

黄金：跌了。由于南非金矿受到罢工影响，黄金的价格上升，但随后资方承诺谈判，矿工复工，使得其价值又随着白金的贬值和纽约交易所的行情报告跌了下来。油价的下降同样给市场带来了压力，但在每盎司大约400美元的水平上的强力支撑使金价短时止跌。然而，美国国家预算批准的海外采购的减少和日本削减银行贴现率的消息使美元变得坚挺，金价随后下降到每盎司400美元以下，和纽约交易所标明的价格一样。

Latest figures from the south African chamber of mines showed a 4.6 per cent drop in gold production during the first nine months of 1986 to 488,854 kilos against 504,996 during the same 1985 period.

南非矿业协会的最新数字表明，1986年前9个月的黄金产量与1985年同期相比，下降了4. 6％，由504,996公斤减少到481,854公斤。

Sliver: quiet. Values fluctuated lower in line with other precious metals on both bullion and futures markets, the latter particularly affected by the low level of activity. London Metal Exchange (lme) stocks were down 100,000 ounces, at 25,148,000 ounces.

白银:成交清淡。此处银价与银条块市场及期货市场上的其他贵重金属一样，波动至较低水平；期货市场尤其受低水平交易行为的影响，伦敦五金交易所的库存下降了100,000盎司，跌到25,148,000盎司。（但是，对等贸易并不是债务国所独有的。约非说：“即使像澳大利亚、加拿大和印度尼西亚这样外汇地位强健的国家也坚持在某些领域从事对等贸易。把进口和出口联系起来是一种对跨国公司施加权力的途径。缺乏国际营销专业知识的国家试图用对等贸易作为杠杆来推动跨国公司的内部市场网络。”）

Copper: easier. Prices moved gradually lower following an early setback due to the 3,825-tonne rise in lme stocks to 170,625 tonnes, their highest level since February this year. But support was in evidence at lower levels.

铜:趋疲。铜的价格随着此前的受挫而逐渐下降，这是由于伦敦五金交易所的库存增加了3,825公吨增至今年自二月以来的最高水平170,625公吨造成的。

Commodities 3 商品行情3

Econews(London) Lead: firmer. Values moved up to their best level since april last year in the absence of a settlement at australia’s broken hill lead-zinc-sliver mines, currently operating on an interim labour-agreement that was extended indefinitely at the beginning of the week. Lme stocks were down 1,075 tonnes at 33,725 tonnes, the lowest level since july last year.

铅:软坚挺。铅的价格上升到去年四月份以来的最高点。原因是澳大利亚的Broken Hill铅锌银矿的劳工纠纷还没有得到解决，目前遵守的只是一份临时劳工协议，而且在本周初这份协议还被无限期的延长。伦敦五金交易所的库存下降了1,075公吨，降至今年七月以来的最低水平33,725公吨。

Zinc: firmer. after a reasonably steady start due to the 350-tonne fall in lme stocks to 21,725 tonnes, the lowest level since july 1975, values cased back after the extension of the broken hill agreement. But fears of a tighter supply situation resurfaced in the absence of signs of a settlement there and as the dispute at Noranda’s valleyfield (quebec, cannada) plant approached its 20th week.

锌:软坚挺。由于伦敦五金交易所的库存下降了350公吨达到自1975年7月以来的最低水平21,725公吨，锌在一开始就呈现出坚稳的势头。然而，随后随着Broken Hill协议的延期，锌的价格又趋疲软。但由于那里的劳工纠纷没有被解决的迹象，再加上Noranda的Vellyfield厂（加拿大魁北克省）的纠纷已经持续了20周，人们又开始担心会出现供应紧张的局势。

Aluminium: lower. A sharp 3,375-tonne rise in lme stocks, to 125,725 tonnes dulled the market at the outset, as did the bleak outlook for aluminium prices in 1987 forecast by international traders shearson. Western world production, which is expected to result in a deficit of 220,000 tonnes this year after 370,000 tonnes. News of a settlement at alcan’s seebree (Kentucky) plant, affected by strike action since june, further dampened sentiment.

铝:跌了。正如国际商会的Shearson Lehman预测的那样，由于伦敦五金交易所的库存量剧增了3,375公吨达到了125,725公吨，在一开始就使铝的市场生意清淡，估计前景暗淡。去年，西方国家的产量出现370,000公吨的不足，今年预计只有220,000公吨，砚明年预计还会增长，将出现130,000公吨的剩余。Alcan的Seebree 工厂自6月份就存在的罢工问题得到解决，这一消息减少了人们对行市的情绪。

Merchants outside the lme quoted 1,230-1,250 dollars per tonne against 1,265-1,285 dollars per tonne the previous week.

伦敦五金交易所外的商人们开出每公吨1,230至l,250美元的价格，而上周的价格每公吨只有1,265到1,285美元。

Commodities 4商品行情4

Econews(London) Nickel: slightly steadier. Values fluctuated lower during the first half of the week on the lme in thin conditions, despite the 168-tonne drop in lme stocks to 8,172 tonnes. But a recovery was made on the back of sterling’s weaker trend against the dollar. Merchants’ quotations moved one cent in either dirction before ending the week at a n unchanged 1.63-1.83 dollars per pound.

镍:稍微坚稳。尽管伦敦五金交易所的库存下降了168公吨达到8，172公吨，前半周镍的价格在伦敦五金

交易所生意清淡的情况下有所下浮。但英镑相对于美元贬值后不久，价格得以恢复。在本周仍以1. 63-1-83美元收盘之前，商人们的报价以一美分的幅度上下浮动。

Tin: firmer. the price of tin on the european spot market (basis Rotterdam warchouse) rose to 4,400 pounds per tonne, some 400 po unds above the previous week’s closing level and its highest level for seven months, reflecting widespread production cuts in the world tin industry. At a two-day meeting in Indonesia, the association of tin-producing countries, whose members represent 70 per cent of world tin output, decided to strengthen their co-operation in a bid to stabilize tin prices and to call on the united states to limit sales of tin from its strategic stockpile.

锡:软坚挺。欧洲现货市场的锡价（以鹿特丹仓库交货现价为基础）涨到每公吨4,400英镑，比上周收盘时高出400英镑，也是七个月以来的最高水平，反映了世界市场上锡工业的普遍减产。在印度尼西亚召开的为期两天的会议上，锡生产国联合会决定加强合作以稳定锡价并且要求美国限制从自己战略性库存中销售锡。

Other metals:platinum progressed at the outset on concern about strike action in south African mines, but qui ckly fell victim and the dollar’s late rally brought further pressure to bear. The metal was fixed at 572 dollars per ounce on Friday morning against 570 the previous week or 408.55 against 402.85 pounds per ounce.

其他金属:起初，因为对南非矿井上罢工的担心，铂的价格有所上升。但是它很快就成为牺牲品，而且美元后来的止跌回升给它带来了更大的压力。周五上午铂的价格固定在每盎司572美元或408. 55英镑，而上周是每盎司570美元或402.85英镑。

Commodities 5商品行情5

Econews(London) Lower prices were quoted for tungsten, at 32-42 dollars per ten-kilo unit against 34-44 the previous week, cobalt 4.50-5.00 against 4.75-5.25 dollars per pound, cadmium 0.90-0.95 against 0.92-0.97 dollars per pound, and antimony 2,500-2,600 against 2,600-2,700 dollars per tonne. Buyers raised their bids for mercury from 150 to 160 dollars per 76-pound flask in reply to an unchanged sellers’ q uote of 170 dollars.

报价降低的有以下金属：钨，每10公斤单位由上周的34-44美元降为32~42美元；钻，由上周的每磅4. 75~5. 25美元降到4. 50-5.00美元；锡，由上周的每磅0.92-0.97美元降到0.90-0.95美元；锑，由上周的每公吨2，600~2，700美元降为2,500-2,600美元。购买商提高了水银的出价，76磅一瓶的水银从150涨到160美元，以应对销售商们不变的每瓶170美元的报价

Petroleum:irregular. Crude oil prices fluctuated in nervous conditions throughout the week, beginning with losses in line with new york on reports of abundant supplies and rumours, later denied by Saudi Arabia, that it had offered a discount of 50 cents per barrel on sales of oil to the united states. The unexpected departure of sheik Yamani and bearish oil stock figures from the united states caused north sea brent prices to fall briefly to their lowest for three months at 13 dollars per barrel for December delivery but the market quickly recovered as it was thought that the new Saudi oil minister, Hisham Nazer would put more emphasis on boosting oil prices. His call for an urgent meeting of the pricing committee of the organization of petroleum exporting countries (opec) took prices back up to over 14.50 dollars, but resistance was in evidence at higher levels as the dollar strengthened.

石油:涨落不定。整周原油价格都在紧张的情况下起伏不定，开始是随着谣言和供给充足的报告与纽约交易所一起下跌，而后，沙特阿拉伯否认了其销往美国的石油给了每桶50美分折扣的这一谣言。沙特石油部长亚马尼的突然离职和美国下跌的石油股票价格使北海不伦特的油价暂时跌到了三个月以来的最低点，十二月的交货价为每桶13美元；但是石油市场很快就恢复了，因为人们认为新任的沙特石油部长Hisham Naaer会更重视提高油价：他要求欧佩克价格制定委员会召开紧急会议，使油价回升到14. 50美元以上，但随着美元变得坚挺，油价的上升显然遇到了抵制。

Gas oil futures were lower on prompt oversupply and trading activities on the two new oil products contracts were unchanged from the previous week’s levels.

由于现货供过于求，瓦斯油的期货价格较低，涉及这两种新石油产品的贸易活动和上周相比没有什么变化。

Commodities 6 商品行情6

Econews(London) Cocoa: quiet. Terminal prices fluctuated in line with with currencies in a quiet market due to the absence of many

participants attending the annual cocoa dinner in hamburg.

可可:清淡。由于很多人没有参加每年一度在汉堡举行的可可宴会，市场清淡。在这样的条件下，可可的期货价格随着货币的市值上下波动。

But rumours of a shortage of nearby good quality cocoa prevented significant losses.

但是近期优质可可短缺的谣言阻止了其价格的大幅下降。

The announcement by lvorian agriculture minister denis bradanon that his county had produced a record 580,000 tonnes of cocoa in 1985-1986 (October-september) had been expected by the market.

在人们预料之中的是，象牙海岸的农业部长Danis Brakanon发表声明说，他的国家在1985到1986年间(10月一11月）生产了580,000公吨的可可，创下了记录。

The U.S. department of agriculture forecast a record world crop of 1.97 million tones of cocoa in 1986-1987, which, it said, should result in a rise of 104,000 tonnes in world stocks.

美国农业部预测，1986-1987年间世界的可可产量将创记录地达到197万公吨，这将使世界库存量增加10.4万公吨。

The increase from 54,000 to 82,000 tonnes by the secretariat of the international cocoa organization of its estimate of last season’s world cocoa surplus had little apparent effect on the market.

国际可可组织秘书处估计上一季度可可的盈余会从54,00公吨增加到82,000公吨，但是这对世界市场不会有明显的影响。

Sugar: irregular. Prices fluctuated under opposing factors, with reports that India had bought some eight to ten cargoes of white sugar, and Algeria around 55,000 tonnes of the product, boosting sentiment.

糖:涨落不定。价格在对立因素的影响下起伏不定，有消息说，印度已经购买了大约八到十货船的白糖，阿尔及利亚也购进了大约55,000公吨的白糖，推动了市场行情。

But indications that around 20 cargoes were offered in reply to India’s demand, and rumours that mexico intends to sell 150,000-200,000 tonnes of raw sugar on the world market put pressure upon values at higher levels.

但是有迹象表明，对于印度的需求，有大约20货船的货物来回应，而且有谣言说墨西哥也有意向世界市场销售150,000 ~200,000公吨的粗糖，这将给糖冲击更高价位带来压力。

Commodities 7 商品行情7

Econews(London) Coffee: irregular. Prices continued to fluctuate wildly due to persistent uncertainty as to whether brazil intends to ship the coffee that it recently purchased on the London market or to resell it on the world market.

咖啡:涨落不定。咖啡价格继续大幅波动，这是因为人们仍不确定巴西打算运走其在伦敦市场购买的咖啡还是打算把它返销到世界市场上。

Rumours that Colombian coffee exports would not exceed 600,000 60-kilo bags in November and December due to recent heavy rains underpinned sentiment at the outset. But gains were later wiped out due to heavy selling in line with new york.

有传闻说，由于近来的大雨，哥伦比亚的咖啡在11月和12月间的出口不会超过600,000袋（每袋60公斤），这在一开始助长了行情。但由于按纽约交易所的损价大量抛售，上涨的价格很快又落了下来。

Exports of coffee by producing members of the International coffee organization (ico) to other members reached their highest level for 22 years during coffee year 1985-1986 (October-September) at 61.2 million sixty-kilo bags, against 57.5 million last season, according to preliminary statistics published by the ico Thursday.

根据国际咖啡组织星期四的初步统计数字，其咖啡生产成员国在1985到1986年(10月-9月）年度向其他成员国出口的咖啡，达到了22年来的最高水平，即6,120万袋（每袋60公斤）。而上一年度只有5,750万袋。

Oilseeds: firmer. prices continued to rise, underpinned by persistent demand for coconut oil on fears of supply shortages in certain areas, particularly the Philippines, before profit-taking set in ahead of the weekend.

油籽:较坚挺。在本周末的见利抛售开始之前，受对椰子油持续需求的影响，油籽价格不断上升。这是由于某些地区，特别是菲律宾担心会出现供应短缺造成的。

Coconut oil was particularly strong, with palm and palm kernel oils gaining ground in sympathy. Rape and soya oils, in comparison, were relatively quiet.

椰子油的行市尤其坚挺，同时，棕搁油和棕桐仁油也一起上涨。相比之下，油菜油和豆油的市场相对清淡。

The influential hamburg-based journal oil world estimated that European economic community (eec) rapeseed production could reach between 4.3 and 4.4 million tones in 1987, up from 3.5 million this year and the record 3.86 million in 1985.

汉堡的颇有影响力的期刊《油料世界》估计，欧洲经济共同体的油菜籽产量在1987年可能达到430万~440万公吨，超过了今年的350万公吨和1985年创记录的368万公吨。

Ivory caost’s oilseed production reached a record 225,000 tonnes in 1985-1986, compared with 195,000 in 1984-1985, agriculture minister denis bracanon announced.

象牙海岸的农业部长Denis Bracanon宣布，1985-1986年，该地区油籽产量创记录地达到了225,000公吨，而1984-1985年度只有195 000公吨。

Commodities 8 商品行情8

Econews(London) Rubber: quiet. Conditions prevailed on the physical market reflecting increased offers and a low level of enquiry. What little business was concluded was done at very competitive levels, in line with lower east asian advices, according to trade sources. Futures activity remained at a virtual standstill.

橡胶:成交清淡。实物市场上存在的一个普遍现象是报价的增加了而询价的却很少。根据《贸易信息》，少数完成的交易也是在很低的价格水平上完成的，这一点和东亚的情况一致，而期货行为实际上处于停滞状态。

Cereals:irregular. Prices on both wheat and barley futures markets went higher at the outset on encouraging eecexport figures showing that shipments since july 1 had reached 4.96 million tones against 4.27 million at the same stage last year.

谷类:涨落不定。由于欧共体的出口数字表明，今年从7月1日开始交运的货物达到496万公吨，相对于去年同期的472万公吨，是振奋人心的。这样，小麦和大麦的期货市场价格在一开始就开始攀升。

British wheat and barley exports had risen 164 per cent and 70 per cent respectively during the same period. Reports of renewed soviet enquiry for up to one million tones of community grain added to the steadier undertone. But values were unable to maintain their best levels, following bearish reports from the International wheat council and the economist intelligence unit (eiu). The former lifted its estimate of world wheat production this season by four million tones to 515 million, against 506 million last season, and lowered its estimate of soviet grain imports by six million tones to 29 million, against 30 million last season. The eiu warned that soviet imports could fall to around eleven million tones a year by 1991, while annual world imports are likely to fall nine per cent to 86.5 million, the lowest level since 1979-1980.

英国小麦和大麦的出口量在同期分别增长了164％和70肠。苏联重新询购高达100万公吨的共同体谷物的消息更加强了较坚稳的潜在市场。但随着国际小麦委员会和经济信息单位下跌行情的报道，谷物价格没能保持住其最高的价格水平。国际小麦委员会把本年度对世界小麦产量的估计提高了4百万公吨，达到5亿1千5百万公吨。而上一年度只有5亿零6百万公吨。同时还估计苏联对谷物的进口量为2千9百万。比去年的3千万减少了6百万。经济信息单位警告说，到1991年苏联的进口量可能会下降到一年大约1,100万公吨，而世界年进口量可能下降9%，降到1979~1980年以来的最低水平，8,650万公吨。

Commodities 9 商品行情9

Econews(London) Potatoes: irregular. Values rose initially on poor weather but lost ground on expectations that the British potato marketing board would announce disappointing consumption figures. In the event, there was no publication, and values recovered before meeting resistance at higher levels.

土豆：涨落不定。一开始由于恶劣天气．价格攀升，但后来因为预测英国土豆营销委员会将要宣布令人失望的消费数字而价格回落。结果，该委员会并没有发表任何消息，这样价格在更高水平上遇到阻碍之前得以恢复。

Wool:slightly steadier. Extremrly quiet conditions prevented merchants from making more than very minor upward adjustments to wooltop quotations in line with firmer replacement costs at origin, bid levels remained very competitive. At the Bradford (England) auction of british wool, 93 per cent of the offering was cleared, at mixed prices. The commonwealth secretariat raise its estimate of 1986-1987 world wool production from 2,96 million to 2.98 million tones (greasy) against 2.97 million last season.

羊毛:较为坚稳。极为清淡的市场行情使商人们只能略微调整毛条的报价以便和原产地较坚挺的重置成本保持一致。卖方的索价一直很有竞争力。在Bradford（英国）羊毛拍卖会上，93％的供货一混合价格成交。英联邦秘书处把其对1986-1987年度的世界羊毛产量的估计从296万公吨提高到298万公吨（未脱脂的），而上个年度是297万公吨。

Cotton: irregular. The cotton index fluctuated narrowly on the Liverpool (England) market, where interest was displayed in chinese, Egyptian, Turkish and Peruvian styles. The international cotton advisory committee forecast world demand at a record 76 million bales this season against 74.25 million last season with production at 72.5 million, about six million down on last season.

棉花:涨落不定。在利物浦市场上，棉花指数涨跌幅度不大，中国、埃及、土耳其和秘鲁等国在该市场分享利润。国际棉花咨询委员会预测，在本年度产量为7,250万包，较上个年度减少了600万包的情况下，本年度世界需求将创记录地达到7,600万包，这与上年度的7,425万包形成对比。

Jute and sisal: all sisal quotations remained unchanged, while raw jute and jute goods eased slightly.

黄麻和剑麻:所有的剑麻的报价保持未变，但未加工的黄麻和黄麻商品的报价略有下降。

Commodities 10—last 商品行情10

Econews(London) Tea: firmer. strong demand prevailed at the weekly auction where priecs gained up ten pence per kilo in places. Average prices in pence per kilo were: quality grade 198(195), medium 162(160) and low medium 136(133) 茶叶:较坚挺。在周拍卖会上需求普遍很大，在某些地方每公斤上涨了10便士。每公斤的平均价格是：上等茶198 (195)便士，中等茶162 (160)便士，中等稍次136 (133)便士。

seesaw / 5si:sR:/ v.玩跷跷板；（物价的）起伏不定

hang / hAN/ n.（突发的）巨响；爆炸声

initially / i5niFEli/ ad.最初的

muffle / 5mQfl/ v.使（声音）低沉；减弱；抑制

troubled / 5trQbld/ a.混乱的

departure / di5pa:tFE/ n.离开

sheik / / n.酋长；大人（伊斯兰教徒使用的尊称）

prompt / prRmpt/ v.引起；加速

platinum / 5plAtinEm/ n.铂

sterling / 5stE:liN/ n.英镑

lead / li:d/ n.铅

zinc / ziNk/ n.锌

dispute / dis5pju:t/ n.纠纷

fluctuate / 5flQktjueit/ v.（市场）波动

dull / dQl/ v.使沉闷

prospect / 5prRspekt, prEs5pekt/ n.可能性；前景

come in / / （潮）上涨

advice / Ed5vais/ n.（常用复数）报道；消息

resistance / ri5zistEns/ n.抵抗；抵制；反抗

ounce / auns/ n.盎司（英制重量单位）

discount rate / / 贴现率

chamber / 5tFeimbE/ n.协会

bullion / 5buljEn/ n.银块；银条

futures / / n.（商）期货（交易）

setback / 5setbAk/ n.挫折

tonne / tQn/ n.公吨

interim / 5intErim/ a.临时的

extend / iks5tend/ v.展望

ease / i:z/ v.下降；呈下降趋势

resurface / 5ri:5sE:fis/ v.重现（原指潜艇等）重新露出水面Quebec / kwi5bek/ n.魁北克（加拿大城市）

aluminum / 5Alju5minjEm/ n.铝

bleak / bli:k/ a.没有希望的；凄凉的

Kentucky / kEn5tQki/ 肯德基（美国州名）

dampen / 5dAmpEn/ v.减少；降低

sentiment / 5sentimEnt/ n.情绪

merchant / 5mE:tFEnt/ n.商人

quote / kwEut/ v.开价

nickel / 5nikl/ n.镍

pound / paund/ n.磅（重量单位）

spot / spRt/ n.现货

Rotterdam / 5rRtEdAm/ 鹿特丹（荷兰港市）

warehouse / 5wZEhaus5 5wZEhauz/ n.仓库

closing / 5klouziN/ a.最后阶段的

reflect / ri5flekt/ v.反映

widespread / 5waidspred/ a.分布广的；普遍的；广泛的association / E5sEusi5eiFEn/ n.协会；联盟

tin / tin/ n.锡

stabilize / 5steibilaiz/ v.使稳定

stockpile / 5stRkpail/ n.储备；存货

victim / 5viktim/ n.牺牲者；受害者

tungsten / 5tQNstEn/ n.钨

cobalt / 5koubR:lt/ n.钴

cadmium / 5kAdmiEm/ n.镉

antimony / 5AntEmouni/ n.锑

bid / bid/ n.出价

mercury / 5mE:kjuri/ n.水银

flask / fla:sk/ n.（运送水银用的）瓶状容器

petroleum / pi5trEuljEm/ n.石油

nervous / 5nE:vEs/ a.神经质的；游移不定的

deny / di5nai/ v.否认

barrel / 5bArEl/ n.桶（装石油用的）

bearish / 5bZEri:F/ v.行情下跌的

North Sea / / 北海（欧洲）

Brent / / 不伦特（英国石油产地）

delivery / di5livEri/ n.交货

prompt / prRmpt/ a.（货物）当场交的

Hamburg / 5hAmbE:g/ 汉堡（德国港市）

crop / krRp/ n.产量

secretariat / sekrE5tZEriEt/ n.秘书处

cargo / 5ka:gEu/ n.船货（一船所载的货量）

indication / 5indi5keiFEn/ n.迹象

Colombia / / 哥伦比亚

underpin / QndE5pin/ v.加固...的基础；支持

preliminary / pri5liminEri/ a.初步的

the Philippines / / 菲律宾

set in / / 到来；开始

kernel / 5kE:nl/ n.果核或果壳内的仁

sympathy / 5simpEWi/ n.协调；一致

rape / reip/ n.欧洲油菜

journal / 5dVE:nl/ n.刊物

prevail / pri5veil/ v.普遍存在

virtual / 5vE:tjuEl/ a.实际上的

barley / 5ba:li/ n.大麦

shipments / / n.交运的货物

renew / ri5nju:/ v.重新开始

undertone / 5QndEtoun/ n.[经]（市场的）潜在倾向；市场动向

intelligence / in5telidVEns/ n.信息

in the event / / [英]结果；到头来

wooltop / / n.毛条

bid / bid/ n.此处指卖方的索价；投标

auction / 5R:kFEn/ n.拍卖

the Commonwealth / / 此处指英联邦

greasy / 5gri:si/ a.（羊毛）未脱脂的

Egyptian / i5dVipFEn/ a.埃及的

Turkish / tE:kiF/ a.土耳其的

Peruvian / pE5ru:viEn/ a.秘鲁的

jute / dVu:t/ n.黄麻

sisal / 5saisl/ n.即sisal hemp西沙尔大麻；波罗麻；剑麻

medium / 5mi:djEm/ a.中等的

1.oil prices seesaw to three-month low in “big bang” week

2.unstable crude prices in turn prompted falls in platinum and gold, the latter to its lowest since early

September, aggravated by the withdrawal of investment support as the dollar regained ground.

3.Sterling’s decline lent some support to the base metal sector, where lead and zinc rallied on the

continuing lack of a solution to the labour dispute affecting Australia’s broken hill mines.

4.the grain sector was dulled by the prospect of lower-than-expected Sovier imports this season, …

5.gold: lower. After coming in for early support on news of strike action affecting mines belonging to gold

fields of South Africa, values declined in line with platinum and New York advices as miners were encouraged to return to work by management promises of negotiation.

6.the fall in oil prices also brought pressure to bear but good resistance at around the 400 dollars per

ounce level permitted a brief rally.

7.… the dollar strengthened …

8.values fluctuated lower in line with other precious metals …

9.London metal exchange(lme) stocks were down 100,000 ounces, at 25,148,000 ounces.

10.Prices moved gradually lower following an early setback due to the 3,825-tonne rise in LME stocks to

170,625 tonnes, their highest level since February this year, but support was in evidence at lower levels.

11.values moved up to their best level …

12.values eased back …

13. a tighter supply situation

14. a sharp 3,375-tonne rise

15.the bleak outlook for aluminum prices

16.news of a settlement at Alcan’s Seebree(Kentucky) plant, affected by strike action since june, further

dampened sentiment.

17.In thin conditions,

18.… but a recovery was made on the back of Sterling’s weaker trend against the dollar

19.the previous week’s closing level

20.platinum progressed at the outset

21.crude oil prices fluctuated in nervous conditions…

22.bearis h oil stock figures

23.his call for an urgent meeting of the pricing committee of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting

Countries (OPEC) took prices back…

24.nearby good quality cocoa

25.some eight to ten cargoes of white sugar,

26.boosting sentiment

27.rumours that colombian coffee exports would not exceed 600,000 60-kilo bags in November and

December due to recent heavy rains underpinned sentiment at the out set,

28.profit-taking

29.… with palm and palm kernel oils gaining ground…

30.futures activity remained at a virtual standstill.

31.… shipments since July 1 had reached 4.96 million tonnes

32.renewed soviet enquiry for up to one million tonnes of community grain added to the steadier undertone

33.values rose initially on poor weather but lost ground on expectations …

34.making more than very minor upward adjustments to wooltop quotations

35.the cotton index fluctuated narrowly on the Liverpool (England) market,

36.strong demand prevailed at the weekly auction …

《外刊经贸知识选读》复习资料

《外刊经贸知识选读》复习资料 Lesson One China in the Market Place 一、术语： manufactured goods 制成品 capital equipment 资本货物 balance of payments 国际收支 current account 经常项目 visible trade account 有形贸易项目 invisible trade account 无形贸易项目 trade surplus 贸易顺差 trade deficit 贸易逆差 barter 易货贸易 compensation trade 补偿贸易 counter-trade 反向贸易 assembly manufacturing 组装生产 industrial and commercial consolidated tax 工商统一税 joint venture 合资企业 deferred payment 延期付款 buyer credit 买方信贷 supplier credit 卖方信贷 soft loan 软贷款（低息贷款） MFN treatment: Most Favored Nation treatment 最惠国待遇 PNTR: Permanent Normal Trading Relations 永久性正常贸易关系 NI: National Income 国民收入 GNP: Gross National Product 国民生产总值 GDP: Gross Domestic Product 国内生产总值 IBRD: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development 国际复兴和开发银行 IDA: International Development Association 国际开发协会 IFC: International Finance Corporation 国际金融公司 OECD: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 经济合作和发展组织 BIS: Bank for International Settlement 国际清算银行 EEC: European Economic Community 欧洲经济共同体 EU: European Union 欧洲联盟 FDI: Foreign Direct Investment 外商直接投资二、词语释义： exacerbate: deteriorate 恶化 disrupt: interrupt 中断 in the wake of: following 继┉之后 breakdown: analysis by classification 分类分析 buoyant: brisk 上扬的，增产的 run-down: reduction

外刊经贸知识选读翻译

旺旺英语 Lesson 15 Weekly Commodities (telex) 每周商品行情 Commodities 1商品行情（-） econews by Kate Kavanagh Oil prices seesaw to three-month low in “big bang week London”, Oct. 31 (afp)—the attention of commodities dealers was last week captured initially by events on the stock exchange, where Monday’s big bang was muffled by computer failures, but turned later to the troubled oil market. （法新社）10月31日电：在“伦敦大爆炸改革周”中，石油价格起伏不定，跌至三个月来的最低点。——上周商品交易者们的注意力先是被股票交易所发生的事情吸引，那里的计算机出了故障从而抑制了周一的“大爆炸改革”；但随后，交易者们的注意力又转向了混乱的石油市场。 The unexpected departure of sheik ahmed zaki yamani from his post as Saudi Arabian oil minister aggravated existing uncertainty concerning the future direction of oil prices in view of severe world oversupply. 在国际市场严重供大于求的情况下，沙特阿拉伯石油部长亚马尼的突然离职使本来就起伏不定的油价变得更加难以预料。 Unstable crude prices in turn prompted falls in platinum and gold, the latter to its lowest since early September, aggravated by the withdrawal of investment support as the dollar regained ground. 动荡的原油价格反过来又加速了白金和黄金的降价，而且由于美元重收失地，投资者纷纷撤回投资，黄金还降到了九月初以来的最低点。 Sterling’s decline lent some support to the base metal sector, where lead and zinc rallied on the continuing lack of a solution to the labour dispute affecting australia’s broken hill mines. 英镑的贬值使贱金属的价格有所上升。由于影响到澳大利亚Broken Hill矿山的劳工纠纷迟迟得不到解决，贱金属里的铅和锌的价格止跌回升。 Coffee fluctuated wildly on uncertainty over brazil’s role in the market but sugar and cocoa kept to a narrow range in quiet conditions. 咖啡的价格由于巴西在市场上的角色不稳定而疯狂波动，可是糖和可可的价格在平静中起伏不大。 The grain sector was dulled by the prospect of lower-than-expected soviet imports this season, despite improved british export figures. 本季度，尽管英国的出口量增加了，谷物市场还是因为苏联的进口比预想的低而显得清淡。 Commodities 2 商品行情2 Econews(London) Gold: lower. After coming in for early support on news of strike action affecting mines belonging to gold fields of south Africa, values declined in line with platinum and new york advices as miners were encouraged to return to work by management promises of negotiation. The fall in oil prices also brought pressure to bear but good resistance at around the 400 dollars per ounce level permitted a brief rally. However, values suffered a late decline to below 400 dollars per ounce in line with new york as the dollar strengthened on news of a decline in the u.s. budget trade and a cut in the bank of japan’s discount rate. 黄金：跌了。由于南非金矿受到罢工影响，黄金的价格上升，但随后资方承诺谈判，矿工复工，使得其价值又随着白金的贬值和纽约交易所的行情报告跌了下来。油价的下降同样给市场带来了压力，但在每盎司大约400美元的水平上的强力支撑使金价短时止跌。然而，美国国家预算批准的海外采购的减少和日本削减银行贴现率的消息使美元变得坚挺，金价随后下降到每盎司400美元以下，和纽约交易所标明的价格一样。 Latest figures from the south African chamber of mines showed a 4.6 per cent drop in gold production during the first nine months of 1986 to 488,854 kilos against 504,996 during the same 1985 period. 南非矿业协会的最新数字表明，1986年前9个月的黄金产量与1985年同期相比，下降了4. 6％，由504,996公斤减少到481,854公斤。

第14课初级商品市场外刊经贸知识选读,每课重要知识点,串讲,课文翻译

第14课初级商品市场 Soft Commodities非耐用商品 Many prices are at historic lows, and the IMF expects further falls.Yet there are signs that the worse may be over.One key commodity, sugar, has recovered. 许多商品的价格处于历史最低点，虽然国际货币基金组织预计价格还会进一步下跌。但是，有迹象表明，最糟的局面已经结束了。因为“糖”这种关键性商品的价格已经回升了。 Markets Have Lost Their Allure 市场已失去吸引力 For Most people involved in the production and trading of “soft” or agricultural commodities, this is proving to be a grim decade. 对于大多数生产并买卖非耐用商品或农业品的人来说，这十年无疑是阴暗的十年。 Prices are in many cases at, or near, historic lows in real terms as markets struggle to cope with floods of surplus produce.And—with most soothsayers forecasting flat, or still lower, prices—the markets themselves have lost much of their allure. 许多情况下，产品的价格都在实际意义上处于或接近历史最低价，这是因为市场要应付泛滥成灾的过剩的农产品。同时，大多数预言家预测价格将会持平，或者更低。市场自身已经失去了很多的魅力。 Speculators who profited handsomely from the price volatility of the 1970s have deserted soft commodities for the newer excitement of financial futures or the security and big yields afforded by the equity and money markets. 从20世纪70年代的价格不稳中大笔获益的投机者们已经放弃了非耐用商品而寻求金融期货或有价证券带来的新的刺激以及股票和货币市场提供的巨额利润。The contrast with the “resources decade” of the 1970s could hardly be more marked.It is strange, indeed, to observe that only 10 years have elapsed since spiraling commodity prices were the focus of major international concern, and many respected forecasters were warning of impending global shortages of basic raw materials and foodstuffs. 这和70年代的“资源十年”之间的对比是再明显不过的了。确实很奇怪，仅仅十年前，国际上关心的焦点还是不断盘旋上升的价格，许多受人尊重的预言家们一直在警告全球性的基础原材料和食品短缺即将到来。 The shortages never came, and the terms of trade have now shifted dramatically against the commodity producers.Agricultural commodities have been particularly badly https://www.wendangku.net/doc/131655153.html,st year alone, the International Monetary Fund’s indices of food prices and of agricultural raw material prices fell by 15 per cent and 12 per cent https://www.wendangku.net/doc/131655153.html,modity prices in general were about 35 per cent below their 1980 average in 1985 according to the UN Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). 然而，短缺从未出现，现在的贸易条件已经转为对商品生产者大为不利，特别是农产品遭到了严重的打击。仅仅去年一年，国际货币基金组织的食品和农业原材料的价格指数就分别下跌了15％和12％。联合国贸易和发展会议（贸发会）的

外刊经贸知识选读第4课翻译

Lesson 4 The Economic Scene: A Global Perspective (Excerpts) In 1991,for the second year in a row, the economies of low-income and middle-income countries virtually stagnated, as measured by an increase in per capita gross domestic product (GDP). Aggregate output for developing countries advanced by slightly less than 2 per cent during 1991 (similar to the weak performance of 1990), implying an easing in per capita income of 0.1 per cent. Aggregate statistics for 1991 were influenced by the sharp decline in output in Central and Eastern Europe, as well as by the adverse effects of the Gulf crisis on several economies in the Middle East. Excluding Central and Eastern Europe, growth in developing countries in 1991 was 3.4 per cent, compared with 3.8 per cent during the 1980s. Estimates of GDP growth by major geographic region show an acceleration in Latin America and in sub-Saharan Africa; an increase in China’s growth rate helped to sustain high rates of growth in the East Asia region. International conditions for growth in developing countries deteriorated in 1991. The seven major industrial countries (the G-7) experienced a significant slowdown in GDP growth—from 2.8 per cent in 1990 to 1.9 per cent during 1991 as recession gripped Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States and growth rates slowed in continental Europe and Japan. In important respects, the slowdown was different from those that occurred during the 1970s and 1980s. Rather than reflecting the effect of disinflationary policies, weakness in demand was more closely related to the loss of momentum that had built up during the long period of expansion that began in 1983. In addition, a common factor underlying the slowdown in many industrial countries was the cyclical deceleration in investment spending. Although the weakness in demand in the United States led to a sharp decline in short-term dollar interest rates—a positive development for many developing countries—it also contributed to a drop of over 6 per cent in non-oil commodity prices and to a slackening, to 3 per cent, in the growth of world trade. These trends were compounded by worsening economic conditions in the Soviet Union and its successor states, where a growing shortage of foreign exchange led to a compression of imports from Eastern Europe and an acceleration of certain commodity exports (aluminum, gold and lead, for instance) to earn hard currencies. Against this deteriorating global background, the improvement in economic performance in a few developing regions in 1991—which carried over in 1992—was especially noteworthy. This improvement is attributable, in part, to the implementation by many governments of measures to stabilize their economies and restructure incentives to encourage private initiative and international trade. Policy reforms in Latin America helped to moderate inflation and domestic demand; East Asian economics, supported by growth in export volume in the range of 10 per cent and by robust domestic demand, continued to grow rapidly. Sub-Saharan Africa raised its real GDP growth rate from 1.3 per cent in 1990 to 2.4 per cent in 1991. Also noteworthy was the implementation by the Paris Club of a new menu of enhanced concessions in debt reschedulings for the severely indebted, low-income countries. The menu was introduced in agreements with Benin and Nicaragua, and was subsequently applied in agreements with Bolivia and Tanzania. Nonconcessional but special extended rescheduling terms were also

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Lesson 1 China in the Market Place市场经济中的中国(Excerpts)（摘录） Barry Coulthurst examines the development of China’s trade policy and the present state of the overseas links --巴里库尔塞斯特对中国贸易政策的演变和当前与海外经济往来状况的研究自从中华人民共和国成立以来，中国对外贸易的模式发生了巨大的变化。20世纪50年代，中国向苏联和东欧国家出口农产品换取制造品和资本设备，用于侧重于重工业发展所必须的工业化项目。1958~1959年的―大跃进‖最初在工农业生产上带来收益，但随后又导致了严重的经济平衡。三年自然灾害(1959-1961)加剧了经济问题，造成1960-1962年间的国民收入和对外贸易额的减少。 20世纪60年代，苏联经济和技术援助撤走，导致了中国与苏联及经互会成员国的贸易转向于日本和西欧国家的贸易。中国对外贸易政策的一贯宗旨是重视与第三世界国家发展贸易关系。 ―文化大革命‖期间（1966-1976）工农业生产一落千丈，交通运输限制更加严重，中国对外贸易的增长再次中断。 The Sino-USA agreement on trade relations, which came into force（解释：施行）in February 1980, accords China most-favoured nation treatment.（最惠国待遇）在实现四个现代化中起着很大作用的对外贸易在近几年发展很快。1978年2月于日本签订了一个主要贸易协定，根据这个协定，中国向日本出口每盒石油换取工业设备和技术。1978年中国也与欧共体签订了长期贸易协定，继1979年初与美国的外交关系正常化以后，中美贸易发展迅速。美国遵照1980年1月25日生效的中美贸易关系协定给与中国最惠国待遇。 Breakdown分类A commodity breakdown of China’s trade shows that fuels （燃料）accounted for 24 per cent of total exports in 1982, 中国的贸易商品分类表明，1982年燃料占总出口的24%，食品占13%，纺织纤维和矿砂占7%，制造品占55%（最重要的产品是纺织品、化工产品、机械及运输设备）。自从新中国建立以来，中国一直重视进口资本设备已使加强工业部门。但是1982年进口的主要是食品，占进口总额的22%，轻工业产品占20%，机械和运输设备占17%。 During the past few years a major objective of the Chinese authorities（权威、权力）has been to reduce（减少）the proportion（比例）of agricultural exports, while increasing that of industrial and mineral products. A wide variety（多样性）of industrial goods are now exported and Chinese capital equipment has been used by a number of developing countries to establish projects in areas such as agriculture, forestry, light industry, food processing, water conservation and transport and communications. 过去几年，中国当局的主要贸易目标一直是减少农产品出口的比例，增加工业和矿产品的出口比例。中国现在出口种类繁多的工业品，许多发展中国家采用中国的资本设备，用于农业、林业、轻工业、食品加工业、水保护、交通和通信领域中的建设项目 The Balance Shifts 收支平衡变化The US dollar value of Chinese exports increased at an average rate of almost 18 per cent per annum between 1978 and 1983, while imports increased by approximately （大约）11 per cent per annum. As a result, the visible trade surplus （有形贸易顺差）rose sharply from US $ 1.4 billion in 1981 to US $ 4.4 billion in 1982 and US $ 3.7 billion in 1983. Exports grew much faster than imports during this period not only because of the strong emphasis placed on exporting by China’s economic planners, but also because a number of industrial projects were postponed in 1979. Official（官方）recognition（承认）that foreign technology could play a major role in modernising the Chinese economy had caused imports to rise by more than 50 per cent in 1978 placing undue strain on the national economy. Grain imports have fallen sharply over the past few years ---- China became a net grain exporter in 1984 ---- and in 1983 the country started to export soyabeans and cotton. 1978-1983年建，中国出口额按美元计算，平均每年增长率近18%，每年进口额增长率约是11%。因此有形贸易顺差从1981年的14亿美元猛增到1982年的44亿美元，1983年是37美元。同期的出口比进口增长快得多，这不仅是因为中国的经济决策者十分重视出口，还因为许多工业项目推迟到了1979年。官方认识到，在中国经济走向现代化的过程中外国技术起着主要作用，这种认识导致1978年进口增长50%以上，给国民经济造成了不应有的重负。在过去几年粮食进口急剧减少—1984年中国成为粮食净出口国---1983年中国开始出口大豆和棉花。

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