新视野英语教程2教案

Subject

Unit 1 Symbols of Culture

Aims

Period 1

Step 1 Leading in

When talking about symbols of American culture ,probably we will never leave out McDonald′s and Disney . McDonald′s is the world leading fast food service retailer . Nowadays ,it has more than 30000 restaurants in 119 countries serving 47 million customers each day .That explains why the tearing down of the first McDonald′s restaurant had caused such a big stir in the minds of many Americans

Why do people react when a historic building is about to be destroyed?

People react in this case just because such a building serves as symbol of culture, and may remind people of what has happened in history there. When it is torn down, people’s memory about the past is destroyed at the same time.

1.What are the typical symbols of American culture?

Every nation is blessed with its own unique cultural symbols. The United States of America is no exception. Sofar as I know, there are some famous symbols of American culture, such as the Statue of Liberty, Uncle Sam, Disneyland, the McDonald’s restaurant and so on. These symbols reflect American culture.

Step 2 Exploring the Topic

Work in pairs and choose the answers for teh open-ended questions.

1.What’s your favorite fast food reastaurant?

As China is opening its door to the outside world, many foreign fast food restaurants have found their way into China and are getting more and more popularity. But if it is left to me to choose, my first choice would be the McDonald’s.

2.Why do you think many Chinese people like to go to McDonald’s or KFC?

To my way of thinking, many people choose to go to the McDonald’s or KFC for the following reasons. First of all, food is served fast and thus time is saved. Besides, it is different from a Chinese restaurant and gives a foreign feeling to people who never have a chance to go abroad. Moreover, people can learn something about American culture. So “Don’t dismiss the dish saying that it is just, simply food. The blessing thing is an entire civilization in itself.”

Step 3 Background Information

1. McDonald's

McDonald's is the world's largest restaurant corporation with more than 30,000 restaurants in 119 countries serving 47 million customers each day. In the United States, there are more than 5,000 McDonald's restaurants. It serves some of its favorite foods—world-famous French fries, Chicken McNuggets (大鸡块) and so on. The largest McDonald's restaurant is located in Beijing, China. This restaurant has 1,000 employees. Also, up to 700 customers can sit and eat in this restaurant at one time.

2. Ray Kroc

Raymond Albert Kroc was the founder of the McDonald's Corporation. Brothers Mac and Dick McDonald opened the first fast food restaurant called McDonald's in 1953 in Downey, California. In 1955, Kroc, a milkshake (奶昔) salesman went to visit the restaurant. He saw the potential of this fast food business and thus persuaded the brothers to sell the name to him. In this way, Kroc opened the first store of the McDonald's Corporation in 1955 in Illinois. Kroc died in the 1980's.

3. Dick and Mac McDonald

In 1953, the McDonald brothers—Dick and Mac—developed a new idea for their restaurant. The brothers called their idea a "drive-in" restaurant, and customers could order food from their cars. The restaurant also cut down on the number of choices on the menu, so the cooks could make the food very quickly. The restaurant specialized in making hamburgers, French fries, and chocolate shakes. In 1955, Ray Kroc visited the restaurant and offered to buy the rights to the two brothers' idea. The two brothers agreed, and the McDonald's restaurant chain was born.

4.Walt Disney Company

It was formerly (1929-1986) known as Walt Disney Productions. It is an American corporation that was the best-known provider of family entertainment in the 20th century. It is getting even more popular now.

5.Walter Elias Disney

Walter Elias Disney was born in Chicago, Illinois, in 1901. He was famous as a pioneer of animated cartoon films and as the creator of such cartoon characters as Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. Walt produced such animated classics as Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Pinoccho, and Dumbo. He also planned and built Disneyland, a huge amusement park that opened near Los Angeles in 1955. During his lifetime Disney won a record of 30 Academy Awards and had been named among the most successful American entrepreneurs. Walt Disney died on December 15, 1966.

6.Disneyland

In the early 1950s Disney had started plans for a huge amusement park to be built near Los Angeles. When Disneyland opened in 1955, it soon became a place of great attraction for tourists from around the world. It is called “the Happiest Place on Earth”because of its fantasy, imagination and magical entertainment.

7.Disney World

Walt Disney World opened near Orlando, Florida, in 1971. It is the most popular theme park in the world; it draws over 40 million visitors annually. It is modeled as a utopian city of leisure. It is represented by personalities from Disney animation and operated by 26,000 employees.

Step 4 Warm up

Here is the typical food sold in McDonald’s.

巧克力圣代Chocolate Sundae 巨无霸Big Mac

麦乐鸡Chicken McNuggets

麦辣鸡翅Spicy Chicken Wings 草莓奶昔Strawberry Shake 大薯条arge Fries

中薯条Medium Fries

小薯条Small Fries

Step 5 New Words and Expressions

1. danger n. 危险

e.g. John should have been aware of the danger of smoking to his health.

约翰本该知道吸烟对健康的危害.

Exercises

警察在值勤的每分钟都可能遇到危险。

A policeman could meet with danger any minute of his working day.

in danger of 处于……危险之中

e.g. The trees in the forest have been cut down in such great numbers that the forest is in danger of disappearing.

森林的树木被大量砍伐，因此面临消失的威胁。

Exercises

美国和印度的科学家说，喜马拉雅山数百万人面临着大地震的威胁。

Millions of people in the Himalayas are in danger of big earthquakes, according to scientists in the US and India.

2.destroy n. 破坏；毁坏

e.g. Our main task was to destroy the enemy’s airport.

我们的主要任务是摧毁敌人的机场。

Exercises

建造大坝会破坏动植物的生存环境。

The building of large dams can destroy the environment for animals and plants.

3. damage

v. cause damage to 毁坏；损害

e.g. We just managed to put the fire out before it damaged the house.

我们抢在房子被烧毁之前将火扑灭了。

n. the process of spoiling the condition or quality of something and the harm or loss that results 毁坏；损害

e.g. The storm caused great damage to the small village.

那场暴风雨给小村子带来了巨大破坏。

Exercises

史密斯太太看到孩子们把她的花糟蹋得不成样子，非常生气。

Mrs. Smith was very angry when she saw the damage done by the kids to her flowers.

有人提出，电脑甚至可能严重影响学生学习，因为他们可能把太多的时间花在电脑游戏上。Some suggest that computers can even damage students’learning: students may spend too much

time on computer games.

4. public

n. (the ~) people in general 公众；大众；民众

e.g. At last, the president admitted his fault to the public.

总统最后终于向公众认错了。

adj. 【1】for the use of everyone; not private 公共的；公用的

e.g. There is no public bathroom in this area.

这一带没有公共浴室。

【2】of, for or concerning people in general 公众（事务）的

e.g. The public image is very important to a politician.

公众形象对于政客来讲非常重要。

Exercises

1) 公众关心的是物价是否会上涨。

What the public concerns is if there will be a rise in price.

2)这个城市的居民可以免费乘坐公共交通工具。

People in this city can use their public transportation for free.

3)我现就职于一家小型公共关系公司。

I am now working for a small public relations firm.

5.location n. 位置；场所

e.g. Scientists cannot predict the exact location and time of an earthquake.

科学家们不能预测出地震的确切位置和时间。

Exercises

这些植物移栽到现在这个地方后，长势不太好。

These plants are not growing well after they have been moved to the present location.

6. afford v. 买得起；担负得起

e.g. He could afford an apartment in the downtown area. 他有能力在市中心买一套公寓。Note: This word is usually used with can, could and be able to

afford to do 花得起；有能力去（做某事）；承担得起

e.g. My father taught himself since he could not afford to go to school at that time.

我父亲因为当年没钱上学，所以是自学的。

Exercises

那个年轻人发现自己攒的钱还不够买辆二手车。

The young man found he couldn’t afford to buy a second-hand car with the money he had saved.

7. amount n. 数额；数量；总数

e.g. A child’s education needs a large amount of money.

一个小孩的教育需要一大笔钱。

Exercises

泡茶时，一定要注意将适量的茶叶放到开水里。

While making tea, make sure to put the right amount of tea leaves into the boiling water.

8. claim

v.【1】declare to be true; state 声称；断言；宣称

e.g. He claimed to have lived a life full of love and happiness, although his wife left him many years ago.

虽然妻子多年前就离他而去，他还是声称自己的生活充满了爱和幸福。

【2】ask for, take, or state that one should have (something to which one has a right) 对……提出要求；索取

e.g. On what grounds are you claiming compensation? You have to state your reasons.

你要求赔偿的依据是什么？你必须说明理由。

n.【1】a statement that something is true or real 宣称；声称；断言

e.g. Lots of people say that they never read advertisements, but this claim is hard to believe.

许多人说他们从不看广告，但这种说法令人难以相信。

【2】a demand or request for something which one has a right to have 索赔；要求

e.g. The workers have come out on strike in support of their pay claim.

工人们都出去罢工，以支持提高工资的要求。

Notice when “claim”means “a right to something”, it is often followed by to or on.

e.g. Nobody has made a claim to this bag.

没人来认领这只包。

Exercises

1) 一个人不要不懂装懂。

One should not claim to know what one doesn’t know.

2) 没有人来认领这只丢失的猫。

No one comes here to claim the lost cat.

3) 有位女士向百货商场提出索赔要求，因为她在商场购物时受了伤。

A woman made a claim against a department store because she was hurt while shopping in the store.

4) 因为他是房子主人的继父，所以这所房子他也有一份。

He has a claim on this house as he is the owner’s stepfather.

9. deny v. 否认；不承认

e.g. Do you deny this to be your writing?

你否认这是你写的吗？

她不让孩子们接受所需的教育，这是不对的。

It is wrong of her to deny her children the educational opportunities they needed.

10. local adj. 当地的；地方性的

e.g. I’ve signed up to take a course at the local college.

我已经报名在一所地方学院学一门课程。

Exercises

全国新闻节目之后就是本地新闻和天气预报节目。

Following the national news we have the local news and weather.

10. register

n. (a book containing) an official record or list 登记（簿）；注册（簿）

e.g. We kept on a register all the money given by kind people to the sick child.

我们把好心人给那个生病的小孩的捐款一一作了登记。

v. 【1】put into an official record or list 登记；注册

e.g. Please ask the secretary to register the names of the new members.

请让秘书把新会员的名字登记一下。

【2】send by registered post 以挂号邮件寄送

e.g. If you worry that your letter might be lost, you can send a egistered letter.

如果你担心邮件丢失，你可以寄挂号信。

Exercises

1) 所有销售枪支的商店都必须作记录，注明每次买卖的详细情况。

All stores which sell guns must keep a register showing the details of each deal.

2) 他们确保每本书都编了号并登记在册。

They made sure that each book was numbered and registered.

3) 挂号信和其他信件是分开处理的，而且是有记录的。

Registered mail is handled separately from all the other mail, and records are kept.

board

11. board

n. 【1】a long thin flat piece of cut wood 长形木板

e.g. He ran to the end of the spring board and dived into the water.

他跑上跳板，跳入水中。

【2】an official body or group that has responsibility for a particular organization or activity 委员会；董事会；（官方的）部；局

e.g. The board of education of our school is made up of five members.

我校的教务委员会由五位成员组成。

v. get into (a ship or public vehicle); go on board 登上（船或其他公共交通工具）

e.g. He walked to the gate, showed his ticket, and boarded the plane.

他走到登机口，出示机票后就登上了飞机。

Exercises

1) 护士用胶带将他的手臂固定在一块板上，这样针头就固定了。

The nurse taped his arm to a board so that the needle would stay in place.

2) 经董事会讨论，公司决定购买新机器。

The firm decided after a board meeting that new machines should be bought.

3) 那名男子本想飞往加州，但是他却上了去北京的航班。

The man wanted to travel to California, but he boarded the flight which flew to Beijing.

12.gree with 意见（感觉、目的）一致；同意

e.g. Please put up your hand if you don’t agree with me.

不同意的人请举手。

Exercises

他的想法太怪了，所以我们不同意。

We don’t agree with him because his idea seems so strange.

13. have nothing to do with 与······毫无关系

e.g. Her worry has nothing to do with her job.

她的忧虑和工作没有关系。

Exercises

他的话和眼下讨论的问题毫无关联。

What he said has nothing to do with the question at hand.

13. stop... from 阻止

e.g. The heavy fog stopped planes from taking of

f.

大雾阻止了飞机起飞。

Exercises

人们把莱特兄弟称为疯子，但是这并没有阻挡他们成为最先制造和驾驶飞机的人。People called the Wright brothers mad but it did not stop them from becoming the first men to

make and fly a plane.

14. even so 尽管如此

e.g. There are many spelling mistakes; even so it’s quite a good essay.

文章中拼写错误不少，尽管如此，它不失为一篇好文章。

Exercises

我头疼得厉害，尽管如此，我还是去听音乐会了。

I had a terrible headache, but even so I went to the concert.

Period 2

Step 1 Main Idea

People in Downey and the McDonald’s hold different opinions about how to deal with the first McDonald’s restaurant. On the one hand, the residents in Downey think the building should be saved because it is a cultural symbol and gives them good memories. On the other hand, the McDonald’s says the building should be torn down for two main reasons. But some people in Downey as well as some local historians think that these are just excuses for changing the history. In spite of this, everyone hopes the people of Downey and the McDonald’s will soon find peace.

Step 2 Structure

Part I: Para. 1-3: the history of McDonald’s and related background

Part II: Para. 4-10: the different opinions held by the Downey people and the McDonald’s managers and their reasons

Part III: Para. 11-12:the final situation of the McDonald’s restaurant and people’s hope

Step 3 Text Explanation

The First M cDonald’s Restaurant

Translation:

第一家麦当劳餐馆

1. Even though the first McDonald’s restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it still became a cultural symbol. Now, in the Southern California city of Downey, people are trying to save the first McDonald’s restaurant in history. McDonald’s, though, says the building should be torn down.

Notes:

1) Even though the first McDonald's restaurant sold only hamburgers and French fries, it still became a cultural symbol.

Meaning:In spite of the fact that the first McDonald’s restaurant served onl y two kinds of food: hamburgers and French fries, it still became a symbol that represents the American culture.

2) McDonald’s, though, says the building should be torn down.

Meaning:McDonald’s, however, says that the buildi ng should be pulled down.

Translation:

虽说第一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，它还是成为了一种文化象征。如今，在加州南部唐尼市，人们正努力保住历史上第一家麦当劳餐馆。然而，麦当劳却称这幢房子应该拆掉。

坐落于加州唐尼的这家餐馆建于1953年，是美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史最久的，它的设计也是麦当劳最早的建筑设计。

2. Built in 1953, the restaurant in Downey, California, is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America, and has the earliest McDonald’s building design.

Notes:

1) Built in 1953, the restaurant... is the oldest of all the Golden Arches in America...

Meaning:Since the restaurant was built in 1953, it is the oldest among all t he McDonald’s restaurants with the logo of the Golden Arches in America...

Translation:

坐落于加州唐尼的这家餐馆建于1953年，是美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史最久的，它的设计也是麦当劳最早的建筑设计。

3. Many people have good memories of that old McDonald’s. These people are angry that the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along with their memories.

Notes:

1) ... the building is now in danger of being destroyed, along with their memories.

Meaning:The first McDonald’s restaurant is now facing the possibility of being torn down. Tog ether with the disappearance of the building, people’s good memories about it would be ruined too.

Translation:

许多人对那家老餐馆有着美好的回忆。这些人想到餐馆连同他们美好的回忆一起将被摧毁，感到很气愤。

4. McDonald’s explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake, and there fore needs to be torn down. Many people in the town of Downey don’t agree with this line of thinking, though. Notes:

1) McDonald’s explains that the building was damaged in an earthquake...

Meaning:McDonald’s tells people that the building was destroyed in an earthquake and thus is not useful anymore.

2) Many people in the town of Downey don’t agree with this line of thinking, though. Meaning:But many Downey people don’t share McDonald’s view that the building was destroyed and thus needs to be torn down.

Translation:

麦当劳方面解释说，那家老店在一次地震中遭到损坏，因此必须拆掉。不过，唐尼的许多人却不同意这种说法。

5. One woman says, “I think it’s terrible. They are using the earthquake as an excuse. It’s a big lie.”

Notes:

1) They are using the earthquake as an excuse.

Meaning:The reason that the building was damaged in an earthquake was not a real one: McDonald’s managers are using it to hide the real reason for tearing down the building.

Translation:

有位女士说：“我认为这件事太可怕了。他们在利用那次地震作借口。这是一个极大的谎言。”

6. Anoth er Downey resident remarks, “I am so upset. They don’t respect the public at all. They haven’t even tried. They could do some small repairs and make it a good restaurant again.”Notes:

1) They don’t respect the public at all.

Meaning:They don’t care at al l about how people in general think and feel about this matter. Translation:

Translation:

另一位唐尼市居民说：“我非常难过。他们一点也不尊重公众的意见，甚至都没试着这样做。他们可以稍加修理，使它再成为一家好餐馆。”

7. McDonald’s managers say the restaurant is losing money at that location. There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside. After the earthquake, they say it was impossible to fix. The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.

Notes:

1) McDonald’s managers say the restaurant is losing money at that loc ation.

Meaning:McDonald’s managers say the restaurant is doing business at a loss at that place.

2) There is no room for a drive-thru window, or for seating inside.

Meaning: There is no space where people can buy food without getting out of their car. Nor is here space for people to sit and eat inside.

3) The managers want to build a copy of this building at another location instead.

Meaning:Instead of fixing the restaurant, the managers want to build at another place another restaurant that looks exactly the same as the old one.

Translation:

麦当劳的经理们说餐馆设在那个位置一直在亏本。那儿没有地方可以开辟“免下车外卖窗口”，里面也没有地方安排座位。他们说，那次地震后这个餐馆就没办法修了。不过那些经理们想在其他位置按原餐馆再仿造一家。

8. Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive. Many people say that McDonald’s can certainly afford to pay that amount. Some think that McDonald’s real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has nothing to do with money.

Notes:

1) Building inspectors, on the other hand, say that the structure can be repaired, but that it will be expensive.

Meaning: However, officials who inspect buildings say that it is possible to fix the building, but they also say that the repair will cost a lot of money.

2) Many people say that McDonald’s can certainly afford to pay that amount.

Meaning:Many people say that the McDonald’s company is no doubt able to pay the money to fix the restaurant.

3) Some think that McDonald’s real reason for wanting to close down the restaurant has n othing to do with money.

Meaning:Some people believe that McDonald’s wants to stop the restaurant’s business forever, not because they don’t have money to repair the restaurant, but for other reasons.

Translation:

但是房屋检修人员说该建筑是可以修理的，不过费用很高。许多人说这个费用麦当劳当然承受得起。有人认为麦当劳想关闭这家餐馆的真正原因与金钱无关。

9. Modern McDonald’s restaurants often have a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonald’s restaurant in Illinois in 1955. The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey. Later, Mr. Kroc bought their restaurants. Thus, many people in Downey think McDonald’s is trying to change history, though the company denies this.

Notes:

1) ... a sign claiming that a man named Ray Kroc opened the first McDonald’s restaurant in Illinois in 1955.

Meaning:... a notice saying that a man called Ray Kroc started the first McDonald’s restaurant in Illinois in 1955.

2) The truth, however, is that Mr. Kroc actually learned the fast food business from Dick and Mac McDonald in Downey.

Meaning: The fact is that Mr. Kroc in fact learned how to do fast food business from the two brothers who lived in Downey: Dick and Mac McDonald.

Translation:

现代的麦当劳餐馆常常有一个牌子，声称有个叫雷·克罗克的男人于1955年在伊利诺伊州创办了首家麦当劳餐馆。然而事实是，克罗克先生的快餐生意实际上是从唐尼市的迪克·麦当劳和麦克·麦当劳那里学来的。后来克罗克先生买下了他们的餐馆。因此，尽管公司竭力否认，唐尼镇的许多人还是认为麦当劳是想篡改历史。

10. To local historians, this explanation makes total sense. One historian said, “We should not rewrite the past. Ray Kroc did not invent McDonald’s. The McDonald brothers did.”

Notes:

1) To local historians, this explanation makes total sense.

Meaning: To those who study the history of this region, this saying is reasonable.

2) The McDonald brothers did.

Meaning:Dick and Mac McDonald started McDonald’s.

Translation:

在当地的历史学家看来，这种解释颇有道理。有位历史学家说：“历史不容篡改。雷·克罗克没有创建麦当劳。创建麦当劳的是麦氏兄弟。”

11. These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonald’s from t earing the building down. The McDonald’s managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure. Notes:

1) These days, a group of historians want the building to be added to the National Register of Historic Places...

Meaning:Recently, some historians try together to put the old restaurant onto the list of the National Register of Historic Places, which includes buildings that are significant in American history...

2) ... so that the city of Downey will be able to stop McDonald’s from tearing the building down. Meaning: ... so that the city of Downey can prevent the restaurant from being torn down.

3) The McDonald’s managers are very angry, and have abandoned the structure.

Meaning:The McDonald’s managers are very unhappy. They have le ft the building empty

and do not take care of it any more.

Translation:

这些天来，一群历史学家希望将该处建筑列入国家历史文物保护单位名册，这样，唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。麦当劳的经理们非常恼火，因而将房屋弃置一旁。

12. Everyone hopes that the McDonald’s managers and the people of Downey will soon find peace. The building is still there, but boards cover the windows. Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonald’s, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.

Notes:

1)Everyone hopes that the McDonald’s managers and the people of Downey w ill soon find

peace.

Meaning:All hope that McDonald’s managers and Downey residents will find a peaceful way to solve the problem.

2) ... but boards cover the windows.

Meaning: ... but the windows of the restaurant are covered with flat pieces of wood.

2) Even so, people drive by to remember their McDonald's, taking pictures of a moment in history before it gets taken away.

Meaning: Although the windows of the restaurant are covered with boards, people still stop by to visit their McDonald’s when driving past it. They take pictures to record a time in history before the restaurant is gone.

Translation:

人人都希望麦当劳经理们与唐尼的居民很快达成一致。房子仍在，但窗子用木板封了起来。即便如此，人们仍开车前来纪念他们的麦当劳，想抢在它被拆除前拍照留念，留下历史上的珍贵一刻。

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Teaching Plan

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