新视野3unit 5课后参考答案

Unit 5

Section A Will you be a worker or a laborer? Objects:

1．To share the knowledge and views on work

2．To understand the main idea and structure of Section A

3．To learn the device for developing a passage: develop a comparison/contrast essay

4．To master the key language points and grammatical structures in the text

5．To conduct a series of reading, listening, speaking and writing activities related to the theme of the unit.

Focus:

1．Reading the article about the difference among work, labor, and play

2．Mastering the key language points and grammatical structures in the text

3．Practicing writing skills: Develop a comparison/contrast essay

Difficulties:

1．Understanding the main idea and structure of Section A

2．Practicing writing skills: Develop a comparison/contrast essay

3．Giving a report on happiness at work

Time allotment:

?1st-2nd period: Lead-in & reading activities (skimming & scanning)

?3rd-4th period: Detailed study of the text (key language points & structure)

?5th-6th period: Text analysis ,summary and writing tasks

?7th period: Checking on students’ learning tasks

?(Exercises in Section A & reading activities of Section B)

Teaching procedure:

Step 1 Lead-in questions

1. What do you pay special attention to when looking for in a job?

Reference: High salary and attractive benefits

Bright future of career growth

Less work pressure, Flexible working time

Achievement of self-realization

2. What does work mean to you?

Reference: Just means of living

Measured in terms of social status

Realization of one’s dream, Self-improvement

Step 2 General Understanding of the text

1. How can a person be truly happy?

Key:One must feel free to do what he likes, knowing what he does is important to other people. He enjoys his job and his work is greatly valued by society.

2. Why does the author make a comparison between a gardener and a well-dressed city mayor?

Key:The author wants to show that the difference between workers and laborers doesn’t lie in the nature of the job itself, be it mental or manual, of low or high esteem, but in whether

a person has interest in his job.

3. What does leisure mean to workers and laborers respectively?

Key: To workers, leisure means simply the hours they need to relax and rest in order to work efficiently; to laborers, leisure means freedom from compulsion.

4. How do technological innovation and the division of labor change the nature of work? Key:People do not need special strength or skill any more in many fields. Many paid jobs with enjoyable work have become boring labor routine. Productivity has increased and the number of necessary laboring hours has accordingly decreased.

5. What kind of attitude should people take toward leisure time?

Key:Positive. They should use their leisure time to improve teir minds and their working condition.

Step 3 Detailed study of the text

I. Cultural background

1. What is “continuing education”?

Tips: Continuing education refers to the education for adults, usually in classes that are held in the evening and especially on subjects that are related to their jobs.

2. What is “experiential learning”?

Tips: Experiential learning is the process of making meaning from direct experience.

It is learning through reflection on doing, which is often contrasted with rote learning (死记硬背). Experiential learning focuses on the learning process for the individual.

An example of experiential learning is going to the zoo and learning through observation and interaction with the zoo environment, as opposed to reading about animals from a book.

Thus, one makes discoveries and experiments with knowledge firsthand, instead of hearing or reading about others’ experiences.

II. Structure of the text

1

Introduction (Paras.1 –3):

What are work, labor, and play?

To be truly happy, a person must feel both

free and important . (Para. 1)

Labor is the polar opposite of play . (Para. 2)

Between labor and play stands work . (Para.

3)1

People differ in personal satisfaction they

derive from their jobs. (Para. 5)

In modern times, workers and laborers spend

their leisure time in different ways. (Paras. 6-8)

Conclusion (Para. 9):

Whatever job you choose, you must contend with this essential question:

Will you be a laborer or a worker?

Body (Paras.4 – 8):

Workers and laborers are different in many aspects.

People’s attitude toward their work determines

everything. (Para. 4) In modern times, workers and laborers spend

their leisure time in different ways .

(Paras. 6-8)

There is more leisure time today than ever

before and laborers foster many bad habits .

(Para. 6)

Actually, there are many opportunities to improve people’s minds

and their working conditions. (Para. 7)

People who enjoy their work find time passes

quickly . (Para. 8)

III. Language Points

Words and expressions

Practical Phrases Specific Meanings

1. name only / but a few 略举几例

2. sink one’s teeth into sth.专注于做某事

3. slave away 拼命干；苦干

4. count down 倒数；倒计时

5. at hand 手头的；需要马上处理的

6. contend with sth. 必须处理；不得不应付

1. name only / but a few

国际社会也在提供援助，略举几例，如美国、法国和中国。

The international community is also offering assistance, including the United States, France and China, to name only a few.

2. sink one’s teeth into sth.

维多利亚女王这个角色，就是为你而设，是一个你能倾情投入的角色。

Playing the part of Queen Victoria is the kind of role that is made for you, the kind of role you can sink your teeth into.

3. slave away

辛辛苦苦用电脑键盘输入后，你还得按老办法手工写上注释符号。

After slaving away at the computer keyboard, you then still have to write notation signs by hand, the old-fashioned way.

4. count down

一块巨大的电子显示屏对即将在此举行的泛美运动会进行倒计时。

A giant electronic display is counting down the days to the start of the Pan-American Games here.

5. at hand

如果他们花上一点时间去弄懂手头的题目，则极有可能不需要计算器就能找到一个简单的答案。

If they would take a few seconds to understand the problem at hand, they would most likely find an easy answer and without needing a calculator.

6. contend with sth.

当第一个财年结束时，欧洲迪斯尼乐园不得不去应对很多的困难。

Euro Disney had to contend with many difficulties when its first financial year came to an end.

Functional Patterns

Functional Patterns Functions & Usages

●What is sth. from the point of view of

A is sth. else from the point of view

of B. 用于表达“不同的人对待同一件事有不同的看法”。

●Sb. hurl the passion into sth. Or

doing sth., be it… like/such as…,

用于举例说明“某人执着地做某事”。

or…like/such as …

But while A is doing sth., B is doing

用于对比“不同人不同的做事风格”。

sth. else.

1. 在老年人看来是怪异的打扮对年轻人来说却是时尚。

What is weird dressing from the point of view of elderly people is fashion from the point of view of young people.

2. 公众为我们的事业捐款，为灾难受害者捐款，无论是地震之类的自然灾难，还是石油泄漏之类人为之灾。

The public hurl their passion into donating money to our cause and for the victims of disasters, be it natural, such as earthquakes, or man-made, such as oil spills.

3. 但是当懒人在虚度光阴的时候，奋斗者则目标坚定、信心十足，在努力工作中品尝到成功的喜悦。

But while quitters are dawdling away their time, strugglers are determined and confident, tasting the joy of success in their hard working.

Step 4 Writing devices

Develop a comparison / contrast essay

A comparison/contrast essay examines two or more objects. The comparison shows how they are alike; the contrast shows how they differ. The following steps provide a guide for a successful essay.

1. Be sure the subjects are similar.

Your subjects must belong to the same general group (cars, for example) for a logical comparison.

2. Present a clear thesis statement.

The thesis statement should name subjects being compared and contrasted, indicate whether the essay is focusing on similarities (compare), differences (contrast) or both, and state the main points of comparison or contrast.

3. Select the points to be discussed.

Decide which aspects to compare and / or contrast.

4. Select the organizational pattern.

There are two basic patterns: subject by subject and point by point. Suppose you are comparing two restaurants for price, food, and atmosphere.

5. Use clear transitions.

Transitions make it clear to the reader which of the points are being compared and contrasted.

6. Draw a conclusion.

After you have made your comparisons, make a statement of your conclusions about the comparison and / or contrast.

Key to exercises

3. Word in use

1. gauged

2. dedicate

3. commonplace

4. suffice

5. revenue

6. simultaneous

7. incentive

8. prone

9. innovation 10. fostered

4. Word building

Words learned New words formed Words learned New words formed

-ism -ment

real realism recruit recruitment

imperial imperialism resent resentment

commercial commercialism enroll enrollment

human humanism refresh refreshment

terror terrorism ship shipment

enforce enforcement

5.

1. refreshment

2. shipment

3. enforcement

4. commercialism

5. realism

6. recruitment

7. enrollment(s)

8. imperialism

9. resentment 10. Terrorism

11. humanism

6. Banked cloze

(in)1. O 2. F 3. L 4. C 5. K 6. H 7. I 8. N 9. E 10. M

7. Expressions in use

1. correlate with

2. refrain from

3. count down

4. slaving away

5. coincided with

6. contended with

7. be designated as

8. conformed to

9. Translation

英式下午茶的仪式可以追溯到19世纪40年代，该传统是由之前英国的茶饮仪式和习惯发展而来的。茶最初在17世纪50年代晚期被引入英国，但由于价格昂贵，所以很长一段时间里，只有皇家和贵族才能享用。直到将近200多年以后，英国人才养成吃下午茶的习惯。在当时，英国人一日两餐：快接近中午时分的丰盛早餐和晚上八点左右的晚餐。据说第七代贝德福德公爵夫人安娜开创了下午茶的传统，以此来缓解晚餐前的饥饿感。她邀请朋友和他一起在下午四五点钟吃下午茶。下午茶中包括茶和一些点心，比如精致的蛋糕及三明治。这些小巧的美食用精美的瓷器盛装。下午茶很快就流行开来，现在已经成为优雅英国生活方式的一个象征。正如小说家亨利.詹姆斯写道的那样：“人生鲜有比全心全意享用下午茶这一仪式更惬意的时刻了。”

10. China is the hometown of tea and the birthplace of tea culture. Since ancient times, tea has been known as the “national drink”of China. In both the Chinese scholars’seven daily

necessities, namely music, chess, calligraphy, painting, poetry, wine and tea and common people’s seven ones, namely firewood, rice, oil, salt, soy sauce, vinegar and tea, tea is listed as one of the necessities. Meanwhile, China is a country with ancient civilization and a land of courtesy. The practice of making and serving tea is essential whenever there are guests or friends. With the development of cultural exchange, commerce trade between China and other countries, Chinese tea and tea culture spread to the world. Today, a number of countries across the five continents grow tea plants, and many countries import tea from China. Chinese tea, like Chinese silk and chinaware, has become synonymous with China in the world.

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Unit 1 Section A Language focus Words in use 3 1confidence 2 explore 3 emerged 4 assume 5 pose 6 comprehensive 7 resources 8 yield 9 inherited 10 transmit Words building 4 Words learned New words formed -un cover uncover easy uneasy load unload -ant apply applicant resist resistant account accountant assistant assist -ify simple simplify note notify quality qualify class classify 5 1 classified 2 assist 3 resistant 4 uncovered 5 uneasy 6 qualify 7 unloading 8 applicants 9 simplified 10 accountant 11 notified Banked cloze 6

1 D 2 H 3 A 4 B 5 M 6 F 7 O 8 I 9 G 10 J Expressions in use 7 1 got by 2 make the most of 3 in advance 4 over time 5 reap the benefits of 6 all at once 7 remind---of 8 stand a chance of 9 open the door to 10 take pleasure in Structured writing 9 There are some things you can do to succeed in college. First, pursue passions. Your passions will broaden your mind and make your life interesting. Second, never let go of any opportunities that come your way. College is full of unique opportunities, which will enable you to sample new things and meet wonderful people. Lastly, take responsibilities. In college you must learn to be responsible for your own decisions and actions. With the passions, the opportunities, and the ability to take responsibilities, you will become successful not only in college, but also in your future career. Translation 10 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家，被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物，人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述，尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法，即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系，未曾设立什么学派，也未曾创立什么宗派，但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。 11 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage”. His words and life story were recorded in The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analects has had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years’ traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius’thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community. Section B

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