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The Decline of Neatness

行为标准的蜕化

By Norman Cou s ins

Anyone with a passion for hanging labels on people or things should have little difficulty in recognizing that an apt tag for our time is the “Unkempt Generation”. 任何一个喜欢给别人或事物贴标签的人应该不难发现我们这个时代合适的标签是“邋遢的一代”。

I am not referring solely to college kids. The sloppiness virus has spread to all sectors of society," People go to all sorts of trouble and expense to look uncombed, unshaved. unpressed.3 我说这话不仅仅是针对大学生。邋遢这种病毒已经蔓延到社会各个部分。人们刻意呈现一幅蓬头散发、边幅不修、衣着不整的形象。

The symbol of the times is blue jeans—not just blue jeans in good condition but jeans that are frayed, torn, discolored. They don't get that way naturally. No one wants blue jeans that are crisply clean or spanking new. 如今时代潮流的象征是穿蓝色牛仔裤--不是完好的牛仔裤，而是打磨过的，撕裂开的，和褪色了的牛仔裤。正常穿着磨损很难达到上述效果。没有人喜欢穿干净崭新的牛仔裤。

Manufacturers recognize a big market when they see it, and they compete with one another to offer jeans（that are made to look as though they've just been discarded by clumsy house painters after ten years of wear. ）生产商意识到这将是个潜力巨大的市场，于是展开了激烈地竞争，生产出的

牛仔裤好像是笨拙的油漆工人穿了十年之后扔掉的一样。

The more faded and seemingly ancient the garment- the higher the cost. Disheveled is in fashion; neatness is obsolete.

衣服看上去越褪色越旧，成本越高。时下流行的是衣冠不整，服饰整洁已不合时宜。

Nothing is wrong with comfortable clothing. It's just that current usage is more reflective of a slavish conformity than a desire for ease. 穿着追求舒适原本并无过错。问题是目前人们的着装习惯与其说是为了寻求舒适，倒不如说盲目追求单调一致。No generation has strained harder than ours to affect a casual, relaxed, cool look;none has succeeded more spectacularly in looking as though it had been stamped out by cookie cutters.6没有哪一代人像我们这一代这样努力装出一付随便、轻松、酷的样子，没有哪一代人如此出奇成功地塑造出看出犹如饼干模子压出来一样的形象。

The attempt to avoid any appearance of being well groomed or even neat has a quality of desperation(处心积虑) about it and suggests a calculated and phony deprivation.7这种避免服饰考究、衣着整洁形象的努力真是煞费苦心，显出故意装出的虚假穷酸相。

We shun (avoid) conventionality, but we put on a uniform to do it.8 An appearance of alien ation is the triumphant goal, to be pursued in oversize sweaters and muddy sneakers. 我们避免落入俗套，但是我们却穿上制服来实现该目标。树立标新立异的形象是最终目标，为了成功塑造这种形象，各个都穿上了超大号的毛衣和沾满泥巴的运动鞋。

Slovenly speech comes off the same spool.10 Vocabulary, like blue jeans, is being drained of color and distinction. 言语杂乱如出一辙。词汇就象蓝色牛仔裤正失去色彩和特性。

A complete sentence in everyday speech is as rare as a man's tie in the

swank Polo Lounge of the Beverly Hills Hotel.日常生活中很难听到一句完整的句子，就好像贝弗利山庄酒店的豪华水球休闲厅里很难见到打领带的绅士。

People communicate in chopped-up phrases, relying on grunts and chants of "you know" or "I mean" to cover up a damnable incoherence. 人们在交流的时候，说的话老是支离破碎，全靠“你知道吧”“我是说”等口头禅来掩盖该死的语无伦次

Neatness should be no less important in language than it is in dress. But spew and sprawl are taking over.。其实语言利落和穿衣整洁一样重要。但现在肆意辱骂和衣着懒散之风却尘嚣日上。

The English language is one of the greatest sources of wealth in the world. In the midst of accessible riches, we are linguistic paupers (beggars).

英语是世界最大的语言财富之一。富饶的语言资源触手可及，我们却宁愿成为语言的乞丐。

Violence in language has become almost as casual as the possession of handguns.The curious notion has taken hold that emphasis in communication is impossible without the incessant use of four-letter words. (crap, damn, slut，shit, fuck, ) 语言粗野几乎就象拥有枪支一样随便。这种古怪的观念已经根深蒂固，以至于有些人在言谈中必需借助连篇脏话才能表达自己的想法。

Some screenwriters openly admit that they are careful not to turn in scripts that are devoid of foul language lest the classification office impose the curse of a G (general) rating15. 很多电影剧本作家都坦白说他们会尽量避免递交上的剧本中没有一些污言秽语，以防电影分级办公室把该剧本定为G级电影片。（这对电影来说无疑是施加了紧箍咒）

Motion-picture exhibitors have a strong preference for the R (restricted)

rating, probably on the theory of forbidden fruit.16

电影院老板非常偏爱R级电影，很可能是根据禁果理论。

(G, PG( parental guidance ) PG-13, R, NC-17) Hence writers and pro-ducers have every incentive to employ tasteless language and gory scenes. 因此剧本作家和制片人总是不遗余力地在影片中加入低俗的对白和血腥的镜头。

The effect is to foster attitudes of casualness toward violence and brutality not just in entertainment but in everyday life. 结果势必导致人们不仅对影视作品中的血腥暴力无动于衷，就连日常生活中出现了类似事件，很多人也会漠然处之。

People are not as uncomfortable as they ought to be about the glamorization of human hurt.民众在看到歌颂宣扬暴力残杀的画面时，并没有表现出应有的不安和同情。

The ability to react instinctively to suffering seems to be atrophying. 民众看到别人痛苦时本能的同情反应功能似乎日益萎缩。

Youngsters sit transfixed in front of television or motion-picture screens, munching popcorn while human beings are battered or mutilated.青少年们呆坐在电视机或者电影荧屏前，一边惬意地嚼着爆米花，一边悠哉悠哉地看着屏幕上残暴的搏击和凶杀画面。

Nothing is more essential in education than respect for the frailty of human beings;17nothing is more characteristic of the age than mindless violence. 在教育方面培养对人的脆弱性的意识比其它一切都重要，但是如今随意施暴却成了这个时代的特征。

Everything I have learned about the educational process convinces me that the notion（idea）that children can outgrow casual attitudes toward

brutality is wrong.18通过我自己对教育过程的研究和观察，我确信那种认为孩子长大便会放弃对暴行持无所谓态度的想法是错误的。

Count on it: if you saturate young minds with materials showing that human beings are fit subjects for debasement or dismembering, the result will be desensitization to everything that should produce revulsion or resistance. 绝对是真的：如果经常给这些年轻人灌输一些人类可以被用来进行肢解和辱没的思想，结果势必会使得他们对一些本该产生抵抗或排斥的行为麻木不仁。

The first aim of education is to develop respect for life, just as the highest expression of civilization is the supreme tenderness that people are strong enough to feel and manifest toward one another. 教育的首要目的就是要教育大家尊重生命，正如人类文明的最高体现就是人与人之间都能感受到并表现出无微不至的关爱。

If society is breaking down, as it too often appears to be, it is not because we lack the brainpower to meet its demands but because our feelings are so dulled that we don't recognize we have a problem.有时社会好像要崩溃了一样，如果果真如此，原因绝不是我们缺乏先进的智慧满足社会的需求，反而是因为我们思想麻木根本没有意识到自身存在的问题。

Untidiness in dress, speech and emotions is readily connected to human relationships. 着装，语言和情感等方面的蜕化和人际关系的变化也是息息相通的。

The problem with the casual sex so fashionable in films is not that it arouses lust but that it deadens feelings and annihilates privacy.放纵的性生活问题在影视作品中蔓延泛滥，这不仅诱导人们发泄私欲，还会泯灭真情，暴露隐私。

The danger is not that sexual exploitation will create sex fiends but that it

may spawn eunuchs.

危险在于，性开发不仅是多了几个性伴侣，过度的性开发会导致新的太监的产生。

People who have the habit of seeing everything and doing anything run the risk of feeling nothing.那些习惯于看破红尘，做绝万事的人很有能会经历“曾经沧海难为水”的尴尬。

My purpose here is not to make a case for a Victorian decorum or for namby-pambyism.

我的目的不是提倡维多利亚式的礼仪，也不是要大家多愁伤感。

The argument is directed to bad dress, bad manners, bad speech, bad human relationships. The hope has to be that calculated sloppiness will run its course(finish).谈论的话题是针对衣衫不整，行为不雅，出言不逊，以及处事不周。我所希望的是那种处心积虑的颓废将即刻寿终正寝。Who knows, perhaps some of the hip designers22may discover they can make a fortune by creating fashions （that are unfrayed and that grace the human form）.23谁能料到或许某些新潮设计师能发现他们可以通过设计一些没有磨损的能够增加身体美感的时装从而大赚一笔。

Similarly, motion-picture and television producers and exhibitors may realize that a substantial （a large amount of ）audience exists for sth. more appealing (attractive) to the human eye and spirit than the sight of a human being hurled (throw vilontly)through a store-front window or tossed off a penthouse terrace. 同样，电影电视制片人和老板们或许能够意识到有很多观众希望看到一些赏心悦目的影视作品，而不是那些把一个人从橱窗玻璃扔出去或从阳台上抛下来的残暴场面。

There might even be a salutary (beneficial, good, warm) response to films (that dare to show people expressing genuine love and respect for one

another) in more convincing (make believe, credible) ways than anonymous clutching and thrashing about24.

或许人们会对那些敢于通过捕捉一些比莫名其妙地搂在一起，滚成一团更有说服力的心路历程的场景来揭示人们相互表达真爱和尊重的影片产生更加热烈的共鸣（或者热烈反响）

Finally, our schools might encourage the notion that few things are more rewarding than genuine creativity, whether in the clothes we wear, the way we communicate, the nurturing( developing) of human relationships, or how we locate the best in ourselves and put it to work.

最后，我们的学校应该强化这样一个理念：不论在穿衣款式，交际方法，与人相处或者发现自己的长处并将其发扬光大方面，没有什么能比真心创造（真实创造力）更有益处。

From Time, Apri l2, 1990

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《英美报刊选读》答案教学提纲

《英美报刊选读》答 案

《英美报刊选读》 一、教学目的 通过本课程的学习，使学员对英美报刊有一个清晰的了解，认识英美报刊语言、文体、词汇、语法等基本特点，掌握英美报刊阅读的基本知识及技巧，为独立阅读英美报刊打下良好的基础。 二、教材特点 与该课程旧教材（第1版）相比，本教材具有以下特点： 1．为使学生改变以往依赖教师和英汉词典的学习习惯，培养他们独自排解疑难词语的能力，编者不但向他们推荐工具书，并教授他们使用方法；为使他们能加深对词汇的记忆，还介绍词法和重要词根及词缀。 2．为使学生掌握必要的新闻词语和扩大词汇量，本书在“新闻词语解说”中尽量结合课文，讲透疑难词语。此外还列出一些与这些词语或课文内容有关的课外词汇。 3．为使学生掌握必要的读报知识，本书在“背景知识”中尽量结合课文，介绍重要的并时常见诸报端的人物、党派和组织机构等，并举例说明其重要性。 4．为使学生对新闻写作有一个大致的认识，加深对课文的理解，编者较系统地说明标题的若干特点，对新闻体裁的分类、导语和写作特点及常语等做了简介。 三、教学内容 《英美报刊选读》为省开课程。 1．授课内容：重点为第1、3、4、5、6、8、13、15、17、19、20、21、24、28、30课（共15课），其它内容主要供自学。 2．课时安排： a) 学员自学：2学时/周，共30学时学完15课。 b)面授辅导：4学时/次，共4次。每学时辅导一课，最后一学时复习。 3．作业：共四次，在湖北电大网站英语本科网页上下载，课后完成，交辅导教师批改，评分，作为平时成绩的主要依据。学员完成作业后，可浏览网页上的“答案及详解”，以加深理解，检查自己掌握的情况

课程名称翻译大全

课程名称翻译大全 往复泵及其它类型泵Reciprocating Pump & Other type Pumps 微波测量技术Microwave Measurement Technique 微波电路计算机辅助设计CAD of Microwave Circuit 微波技术Microwave Technique 微波技术基础Basis of Microwave Technique 微波技术与天线Microwave Technique and Antenna 微波器件Microwave Device 微波器件及电路Microwave Device and Circuitry 微波铁氧体器件Microwave Iron Oxide Elements 微波网络Microwave Net 微波遥感Microwave Remote Sensors 微分方程Differential Equation 微分方程数值解Numerical solution of partial defferential equatio 微分几何Defferential Geometry 微观分析Micro-Analysis 微观经济学Micro-Economics 微机管理系统概论Introduction to Microcomputer Administration Systo 微机和程序逻辑Microcomputer &Program Logic 微机化设计Microcomputerization Design 微机化仪器Microcomputerized Instrument 微机化仪器仪表Microcomputerized Instrument & Meter 微机汇编语言程序设计Microcomputer Programming in Assembly Languages 微机技术课程设计Course Exercise in Microcomputer Technology 微机继电保护基础Basic Computer Relay Protection 微机控制技术Control Technique of Microcomputer 微机控制系统Control System of Microcomputer 微机励磁检测系统Magnetic Excitation Test System of Microcomputer 微机励磁控制系统Magnetic Excitation Control System of Microcomputer 微机实验与设计Experiment & Design of Microcomputer 微机数据管理Microcomputer Data Administration 微机应用Application of Microcomputer 微机应用技术Application Technique of Microcomputer 微机原理Principle of Micro-computer 微机原理及接口技术Principle & Interface Technique of Micro-computer 微机原理及应用Principle & Application of Microcomputer 微机原理与外设Principle of Microcomputer & Peripheral Equipment 微机在并网中的应用Application of Microcomputer in Parallel Network 微机在压缩机中应用Application of Microcomputer in Compressor 微机在医学中的应用Application of Microcomputer in Medicine 微机在铸造技术中的应用Application of Microcomputer in Casting 微生物学Microbiology 微型机及应用Microcomputer & its Application 微型计算机控制技术Microcomputer Controling Technique

英美报刊选读_课文word整合版

Unit2 Gender Issues Men turn to jobs women usually do 1.HOUSTON - Over the last decade, American men of all backgrounds have begun flocking to fields such as teaching, nursing and waiting tables that have long been the province of women. 2."The way I look at it is that anything, basically, that a woman can do, a guy can do," said Miguel Alquicira, who graduated from high school when construction and manufacturing jobs were scarce and became a dental assistant. 3.The trend began well before the crash,and appears to be driven by a variety of factors, including financial concerns, quality-of-life issues and a gradual erosion of g ender stereotypes. 4.In interviews, about two dozen men played down the economic considerations, saying that the stigma associated with choosing such jobs had faded, and that the jobs were appealing not just because they offered stable employment, but because they were more satisfying. 5."I.T. is just killing viruses and clearing paper jams all day," said Scott Kearney, 43, who tried information technology and other fields before becoming a nurse in the pediatric intensive care unit at Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital in Houston. 6.An analysis of United States census data by The New York Times shows that from 2000 to 2010, occupations that are more than 70 percent female accounted for almost a third of all job growth for men, double the share of the previous decade. 7.That does not mean that men are displacing women - those same jobs accounted for almost two-thirds of women's job growth. But in Texas, for example, the number of men who are registered nurses nearly doubled in that time period. 8.The shift includes low-wage jobs as well. Nationally, two-thirds more men were bank tellers, almost twice as many were receptionists and two-thirds more were waiting tables in 2010 than a decade earlier. 9.Even more striking is the type of men who are making the shift. From 1970 to 1990, according to a study by Mary Gatta, senior scholar at Wider Opportunities for Women, an organization based in Washington, D.C., and Patricia A. Roos, a sociologist at Rutgers University in New Jersey, men who took so-called pink-collar jobs tended to be foreign-born, non-English speakers with low education levels. 10.Now, though, the trend has spread among men of nearly all races and ages, more than a third of whom have a college degree. In fact, the shift is most pronounced among young, white, college-educated men like Charles Reed, a sixth-grade math teacher at Patrick Henry Middle School in Houston. 11.Mr. Reed, 25, intended to go to law school after a

英美报刊选读模拟卷

英美报刊选读 》模拟卷 II. Tran slate the followi ng senten ces. ( 5 X 6' = 30 ') long as people feel embarrassed, restrained or openly criticized for using a particular language, it ' s only n atural for them to want to avoid continuing to do what ' s causing a negative response, whether it ' s something overt like having your mouth washed out or more subtle like discrimination. the United States and Australia in past decades, the government forced native peoples to abandon their languages through vehicles such as boarding schools that punished youth for speaking a traditional tongue. the time of last week ' s election, she had won over all but the most partisan of critics. messaging is being used effectively by two colleges in West Yorkshire as a way of communicating with students. As well as sending them reminders about lessons and dealines, the phones are being used for learning games and revision exercises. meeting certainly produced more than the usual photo ops and spin - and its participants did not go away yelling at one another as they have in the past. VIII. Reading Comprehension ( 20 X 2' =40') Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage one: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so cometo be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reas on able men, get up and calmly argue in favor of viole nee - as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to 考试形式：闭卷 考试时间： 90 分钟 I. Translate the following terms into Chinese.( 30 1． Blue Berets X 1 = 30 ') 3. same-sex marriage 5. property tax 7. elevated highways 9. cellular phone poll 4 ． discount store superhighway 10. talk show

英美报刊选读模拟卷

《英美报刊选读》模拟卷 考试形式：闭卷考试时间：90分钟 I. Translate the following terms into Chinese.( 30×1′= 30′) 1．Blue Berets 2.exit poll 3. same-sex marriage 4．discount store 5. property tax 6.unemployables 7. elevated highways https://www.wendangku.net/doc/169098661.html,rmation superhighway 9. cellular phone 10. talk show II. Translate the following sentences. ( 5×6′= 30′) 1.As long as people feel embarrassed, restrained or openly criticized for using a particular language, it?s only natural for them to want to avoid continuing to do what?s causing a negative response, whether it?s something overt like having your mouth washed out or more subtle like discrimination. 2.In the United States and Australia in past decades, the government forced native peoples to abandon their languages through vehicles such as boarding schools that punished youth for speaking a traditional tongue. 3.By the time of last week’s election, she had won over all but the most partisan of critics. 4.Text messaging is being used effectively by two colleges in West Yorkshire as a way of communicating with students. As well as sending them reminders about lessons and dealines, the phones are being used for learning games and revision exercises. 5.The meeting certainly produced more than the usual photo ops and spin– and its participants did not go away yelling at one another as they have in the past. VIII. Reading Comprehension ( 20×2′=40′) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Passage one: Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage. Violence Can Do Nothing to Diminish Race Prejudice In some countries where racial prejudice is acute, violence has so come to be taken for granted as a means of solving differences, that it is not even questioned. There are countries where the white man imposes his rule by brute force; there are countries where the black man protests by setting fire to cities and by looting and pillaging. Important people on both sides, who would in other respects appear to be reasonable men, get up and calmly argue in favor of violence – as if it were a legitimate solution, like any other. What is really frightening, what really fills you with despair, is the realization that when it comes to the crunch, we have made no actual progress at

英美报刊选读 阅读材料

Lesson Nine. Iraq: Who won the war? Not the 90,000 Iraqi civilians or the 4,200 US and UK troops killed since 2003. The big winners are the money men who have made billions. Raymond Whitaker and Stephen Foley report 1.Five years ago today, Britain stood on the brink of war. On 16 March 2003, United Nations weapons inspec-tors were advised to leave Iraq within 48 hours, and the "shock and awe" bombing campaign began less than 100 hours later, on 20 March. The moment the neocons around President George Bush had worked so long for, aided by the moral fervour of Tony Blair, was about to arrive. 2."I believe demolishing Hussein's military power and liberating Iraq would be a cakewalk," Kenneth Adelman, a leading neocon, had said a few weeks before, and so it proved. Within barely a month, Saddam's bronze statue in Baghdad's Firdaus Square was scrap metal. But every other prediction by the Bush administration's hawks proved wrong. 3.No weapons of mass destruction –Britain's key justification for war –have been found. The Pentagon acknowledged last week that a review of more than 600,000 captured Iraqi documents showed "no evidence that Saddam Hussein's regime had any operational links with Osama bin Laden's al-Qa'ida terrorist network". 4.In 2008, there are still more American troops in Iraq than during the invasion, with no exit yet in sight. Britain's Ministry of Defence has just admitted that it has been unable to withdraw as many British troops as it planned – there are 4,000 still based just outside Basra, instead of the projected 2,500. So far 3,987 American soldiers and 197 British troops have died in Iraq. 5.So, five years on, who can be said to have won the war? Certainly not Iraqi civilians, at least 90,000 of whom have died violently since 2003, at the most conservative estimate. Other studies have multiplied that figure by five or six. Two million Iraqis have fled the country, and at least as many again are internally displaced. Baghdad households suffered power cuts of up to eight hours a day in Saddam's time; now they can expect less than eight hours of electricity a day on average. The US troop "surge" has cut the number of murders, but there are still 26 a day in the capital. The list goes on. 6.Nor have the eager promotors of the war, such as Mr Adelman, fared well. (By October 2006 he was admitting: "We're losing in Iraq.") The most arrogant of them all, Donald Rumsfeld, the ex-secretary of defence, was reluctantly dropped by Mr Bush in his second term. His former deputy, Paul Wolfowitz, who famously said that WMD had been used as the excuse for war because it was the only topic Washington's bureaucracy could agree on, was forced to resign as president of the World Bank after arranging a pay rise for his girlfriend. The Senate refused to confirm John Bolton

英美报刊选读 passage 13 the decline of neatness (含翻译)

The Decline of Neatness 行为标准的蜕化 By Norman Cou s ins Anyone with a passion for hanging labels on people or things should have little difficulty in recognizing that an apt tag for our time is the “Unkempt Generation”. 任何一个喜欢给别人或事物贴标签的人应该不难发现我们这个时代合适的标签是“邋遢的一代”。 I am not referring solely to college kids. The sloppiness virus has spread to all sectors of society," People go to all sorts of trouble and expense to look uncombed, unshaved. unpressed.3 我说这话不仅仅是针对大学生。邋遢这种病毒已经蔓延到社会各个部分。人们刻意呈现一幅蓬头散发、边幅不修、衣着不整的形象。 The symbol of the times is blue jeans—not just blue jeans in good condition but jeans that are frayed, torn, discolored. They don't get that way naturally. No one wants blue jeans that are crisply clean or spanking new. 如今时代潮流的象征是穿蓝色牛仔裤--不是完好的牛仔裤，而是打磨过的，撕裂开的，和褪色了的牛仔裤。正常穿着磨损很难达到上述效果。没有人喜欢穿干净崭新的牛仔裤。 Manufacturers recognize a big market when they see it, and they compete with one another to offer jeans（that are made to look as though they've just been discarded by clumsy house painters after ten years of wear. ）生产商意识到这将是个潜力巨大的市场，于是展开了激烈地竞争，生产出的