高英修辞1-4课
Lesson 1
1. …and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor
2.…that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. ----metaphor
3. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor
4. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphor
5.The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—metaphor
6. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor
7. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽
8. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. -----simile
9. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—-simile
10. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’sEnglish slips and slides in conversation—alliteration
11. When E.M.F orster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the vividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphor
Lesson2
1.The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a
derelict building-lot. -----simile
2.They rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and
then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and
nobody notices that they are gone. -----alliteration押头韵
3.... and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers,
like clouds of flies. ----simile
4.And really it was almost like watching a flock of cattle to see the long
column, a mile or two miles of armed men, flowing peacefully up the road, while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper. ----- simile
5.The little crowd of mourners–all men and boys, no women—threaded
their way across the market place between the piles of pomegranates and
the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again.-—
elliptical sentence
6. A carpenter sits cross-legged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at
lightning speed.—- hyperbole
7.Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews,
many of them old grandfathers with flowing grey beards, all clamoring for
a cigarette. ----transferred epithet
8.Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.----synecdoche(提喻)
9.As the storks flew northward the Negroes were marching southward—a
long, dusty column, infantry, screw-gun batteries, and then more infantry, four or five thousand men in all, winding up the road with a clumping of boots and a clatter of iron wheels.---onomatopoetic words symbolism 10.Not hostile, not contemptuous, not sullen, not even inquisitive. --–
elliptical sentence
11.This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been
dragged from the forest to scrubfloors and catch syphilis in garrison towns, actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. ----synecdoche提喻
Lesson3
1.United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures.
Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full
challenge at odds and split asunder.-----antithesis
2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the
tiger ended up inside.—metaphor
3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—
regression (回环:A-B-C)
4. All this will not be finished in the first one hundred days.—allusion 引典; climax递进
5. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;
ask what you can do for your country.—antithesis, regression回环
6 . We observe today not a victory of party but a celebration of freedom,
symbolizing an end as well as a beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. ----parallelism
7. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike….—alliteration
8. Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or i11, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. ----parallelism; alliteration
9. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder. ----antithesis对句
10. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the
few who are rich. -----antithesis
11. … to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains o f
poverty. ---repetition
12. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of
suspicion…-----metaphor
13. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring
those problems which divide us -----antithesis
16. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain
the master of its own house. -----metaphor
17. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will
light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can
truly light the world. -----extended metaphor
18. …to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak… ----metaphor
19. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge
of our deeds… -----parallelism
Lesson 4
1. Read, then, the following essay which undertakes to demonstrate that logic,
far from being a dry, pedantic discipline, is a living, breathing thing, full of beauty, passion, and trauma.—-metaphor; hyperbole
2. Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a
month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children.—metaphor
3. Cool was I and logical. ----inversion (倒装)
4. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist's scales, as
penetrating as a scalpel.
5. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. ----metaphor or -mixed-metaphor Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. ----
6. I was not one to let my heart rule my head. ----metonymy转喻
7. "I may do better than that," I said with a mysterious wink (眨眼) and
closed my bag and left. ----transferred epithet
9. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still
smoldered. ----metaphor
10. After all, you don't have to eat a whole cake to know it's good. ----
11. We went to the Knoll, the campus trysting place, and we sat down under
an old oak, and she looked at me expectantly. -----allusion
12. Just as Pygmalion loved the perfect woman he had fashioned, ----allusion
13.I was not Pygmalion; I was Frankenstein, and my monster had me by the
throat. ----allusion
14. The time had come to change our relationship from academic to romantic.
----assonance (半)谐音
14. Back and forth his head swiveled, desire waxing, resolution waning.
—antithesis
15. W hat’s Polly to me, or me to Polly?—parody "Your girl," I said, mincing no
words. ----litotes (间接肯定)
16. This loomed as a project of no small dimensions…-----litotes or
understatement
17. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still
smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame.—-metaphor or extended metaphor
18. There is a limit to what flesh and blood can bear. ----synecdoche (提喻)
He has hamstrung his opponent before he could even start. ----metaphor 19. Over and over and over again I cited instances pointed out flaws, kept
hammering away without let-up. ----metaphor
20. Suddenly, a g1immer of intelligence—the first I had seen--came into her
eyes. ----metaphor
21 I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came
pouring in and all was bright. -----metaphor
22. You are the whole world to me, and the moon and the stars and the
constellations of outer space. -----hyperbole; metaphor
23. He's a liar. He's a cheat. He's a rat. ----climax (递进)
24. Look at me--a brilliant student, a tremendous intellectual, a man with an
assured future. Look at Petey--a knot-head, a jitterbug, a guy who'll never know where his next meal is coming from. -----antithesis对句
高英答案翻译
高英答案翻译
Lesson10 The Trial That Rocked the World I． 1)In the 1920s，when he was a teacher at a secondary school in Dayton，a little town in the mountains of Tenessee，he was charged with teaching evolution and had to be present in the court．The trial。however，rocked the world．After the trial，he studied at the University of Chicago and became a geologist for an oil company later． 2)The struggles were in fact struggles between ignorance and wisdom．religion and science．That showed the spread of science and truth was no easy task．3)Because the result would effect the whole country，even the world． 4)Darrow and Malone thought that the Bible could co—exist with the Evolution Theory and it was acceptable for a Christion to be an evolutionist．Besides，the Bible should not be interpreted and accepted literally．Bryan just thought the opposite way. 5) The trial began with prayer by a local
高英修辞总结
一．词语修辞格 (1) simile 明喻 它根据人们的联想，利用不同事物之间的相似点，借助比喻词(如like，as等)起连接作用，清楚地说明甲事物在某方面像乙事物 I wandered lonely as a cloud. ( W. Wordsworth: The Daffodils )我像一朵浮云独自漫游。They are as like as two peas. 他们两个长得一模一样。 His young daughter looks as red as a rose. 他的小女儿面庞红得象朵玫瑰花。 ① “Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“C an I have these old quilts?” ② Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ③ My skin is like an uncooked（未煮过的）barley pancake. ④ The oratorial（雄辩的）storm that Clarence Darrow and Dudley Field Malone blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh wind though the schools… ⑤ I see also the dull（迟钝的）, drilled（训练有素的）, docile（易驯服的）, brutish（粗野的）masses of the Hun soldiery plodding（沉重缓慢地走）on like a swarm（群）of crawling locusts（蝗虫）. （1）metaphor 暗喻 暗含的比喻。A是B或B就是A。 All the world’s a stage, and all the men and women merely players演员. ( William Shakespeare )整个世界是座舞台，男男女女，演员而已。 Education is not the filling of a pail桶, but the lighting of a fire. ( William B. Yeats )教育不是注满一桶水，而是点燃一把火。 ① It is a vast（巨大的）, sombre（忧郁的）cavern（洞穴）of a room,… ② Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ③ main artery（干线）of transportation in the young nation's heart ④ The Duchess of Croydon kept firm, tight rein on her racing mind. ⑤ Her voice was a whiplash（鞭绳）. ⑥ We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air, until, with God’s help, we have rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke（枷锁）. （2）metonymy 借代，转喻 用一事物的名称来代替另一事物，当然这一事物与另一事物是有关联的。 The White House has denied the report that more troops will be sent to Iraq. He lives by the pen. (=writing). 他以写作为生。 He is too fond of the bottle (=drinking). 他太贪杯了。 ① The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned "Keep Your Old Webster's" ② ...his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe（镐） （3）synecdoche 提喻 以部分指代整体
高英修辞总结
Unit 1 Where Do I Go from Here? 1.Antithesis: 1)···so that love is identified with a resignation of power, and power with a denial of love. 2)As long as the mind is enslaved, the body can never be free. (mind vs. body, enslaved vs. free) 3)Let us be dissatisfied until···will be judged on the basis of content of their character and not on the basis of the color of their skin. 4)There will be those moments when the buoyancy of hope will be transformed into the fatigue of despair. 5)Let us be dissatisfied until the dark yesterday of segregated schools will be transformed into bright tomorrow. 2.Parallel structure: 1)The tendency to ignore the Negro’s contribution to American life and to strip him of his personhood is as old as the earlier history books and as contemporary as the morning’s newspaper. (Para.5) 2)Let us realize that William Cullen Bryant is right: “Truth crushed to```” Let us go out to realizing that··· 3.Metaphor： 1)The negro will only be free when he reaches···and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation 2)We are called upon to help the discouraged beggars in life’s marketplace. 3)Personal conflicts among husbands，wives and children will diminish when the unjust measurement of human worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated. 4)Let us be dissatisfied until slums are cast into the junk heaps pf history, and every family is living in a decent sanitary home. 5)He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality. 6)There will be still rocky places of frustration and meandering points of bewilderment. 7) A high blood pressure of creeds 8)The battering rams 4.Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love.------Parallel structure and Antithesis 5.It is something like improving the food in the prison which the people remain securely incarcerated behind bars.------ simile 6.Without recognizing this we will end up solutions that don’t solve, answers that don’t answer and explanations that don’t explain.-------Paradox and Parallel structure 7.Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of physical slavery.-----Metaphor(compare the long history of slavery to a long night)、Antithesis (psychological freedom vs. physical slivery) 8.Let us be dissatisfied until the tragic walls that separate the outer city of wealth and comfort and the inner city of poverty and despair shall be crushed by the battering rams of the forces of justice.
高级英语第一册修辞手法总结.docx
Lesson 1 1．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4)metaphor 2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade.、metaphor simile 4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed:“ Get us through this mess, will You”(Para. 17)alliteration 5. It seized a 600,000-gallon personification Gulfport oil tank and dumped it miles away. 6.Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. simile 、onomatopoeia( 拟声 ) 7.Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point.（Para. 20）transferred epithet 8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished. （P ara. 20） simile 、 personification 9.and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads. simile and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphor Lesson 4 1. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2)Transferred epithet 2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3)Synecdoche
高英修辞手法Personification
高英修辞手法 Personification: 1. The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you... 2. dancing flashes 3. the beam groan ... and protesting 4. where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay, 5. life dealt him profound personal tragedies... 6. the river had acquainted him with ... 7. ...to literature's enduring gratitude... 8. ...an entry that will determine his course forever... 9. Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. 10. Personal tragedy haunted his entire life. Hyperbole 1) ... takes you ...hundreds even thousands of ye ars 2) innumerable lamps 3) with the dust of centuries 4) I see the ten thousand villages … 5) ...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom... 6) America laughed with him. 7) . The trial that rocked the world 8) His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world. 9) Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over.
高英修辞(1)
Lesson7 : Simile: 1.their high calls rising like the swallows? crossing flights over the music and the singing--simile（Para 1, line 11） 2.The crowds along the racecourse are like a fields of grass and flowers in the winds.---simile(Para 6,line112) 3.Children dodged in and out, their high calls risi ng like the swsllows' crossing flights over the mus ic and the singing. Metaphor: 1.The air of morning was so clear that the snow still crowning the Eighteen Peaks burned with white-gold fire across the miles of sunlit air, under the dark blue of the sky.—metaphor（Para 1, line 22） 2.The air of morning wasa€|under the dark blue of the sky. In the silence of the broad green meadows one coul da€|broke out into the great joypus clanging of th e bells. Irony: 1.To exchange all the goodness and grace of every life in Omelas for that single, small improvement; to throw away the happiness of thousands for the chance of the happiness of one: that would be to let guilt within the walls indeed.(paragraph 10) 2.I thought at first there were no drugs, but that is puritanical.(para3)
高级英语修辞手法总结(最常考)
英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的 自然属性. 标志词常用 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力 气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；
The trial that rocked the world(高级英语第一册第十课)
The trial that rocked the world 1.main idea John Scopes was a science teacher at a secondary school in Dayton. He was charged with teaching evolution and that was against the law. However, the trial became one of the most famous trials in the U.S. and he was convicted guilty. After the trial, he went to study at the University of Chicago and later he became a geologist for an oil company. This article is intend to draw the world’s attention to the Evolution Theory and science will always win no matter how strong the hostility and opposition is. 2.style of text The style is NARRATION (SROTYTELLING). There are three elements a narration( plot、characters and background). Plot of text: (1)Beginning: I was indicted on May 7, and my case became snowball. (2)Climax: Bryan and Malone against with Darrow. (3) Ending: The verdict was guilty. Called “victorious defeat” Characters:( John Scopes 、William Jennings Bryan、Clarence Darrow 、Dudley Field Malone) Background: (1) There are two types of American law: civil law and criminal law. Civil law covers suits between individuals. (2) Fundamentalism: conservative religious movement that arose among members of various Protestant denominations early in the 20th cent. its aim is to maintain traditional interpretations of the Bible and what believed to be the fundamental doctrines of the Christian faith. Nowadays this word can apply to other religions. (3) Darwin’s theory of evolution: All living forms, plants and animals, including Man, have developed from earlier and simpler forms by processes of change and selection. 3. Language style (1)Style is formal and persuasive by way of conversation. (2) The description of the activities by different people outside the little court is so vivid, vigorous and lively. (3)The writer makes use of many rhetorical device. 4. Rhetorical device Hyperbole: It is the deliberation use of overstatement or exaggeration to achieve emphasis. E.g. The Trial that Rocked the World. Sarcasm(it uses harsh or bitter derision or irony. A sharply ironical taunt; sneering or cutting)
高英修辞
高英修辞 Unit 10 1，community cannot complete with shopping malls……70-hour workweek (metonymy) 2，we tend these images like poisonous flowers in a nightmare garden (simile) 3，…as pre-9/11 world drifts away on its raft of memory (metaphor) 4，Meanwhile, post 9/11 era looms like an unmapped wilderness (simile) 5，…which assumes the public is thinking in red, white and blue, when actually the spectrum of emotions, ideas and opinion is, like America itself, multihued (metonymy) 6，This Frankensteinian creation asserts that consumption is an American value, extols the nepenthean powers of the dollar (allusion) 7，A mushroom cloud blooming over a seaport city, a human being with her skin burned off, a skeletal corpse embracing a child seize skeletal corpse (metaphor) 8，What messages do Hiroshima and Babi Yar, or Dresden and Antietam, have for us? (antonomasia) 9，How do we move from anxiety to action? From insecurity to confidence, from national paranoia to collective poise? (comrast) 10，Is our democracy so fragile that four airplane bombs can erode 335 years of liberty? (parody) Unit 9 1, the badger and the elk, the badger and the bear (alliteration) 2, descending eastward, the highland meadows are a stairway to the plain (metaphorically) 3, so exclusive were they of all mere custom and company (alliteration) 4, brittle and brown willow and witch hazed (alliteration) Unit 4 1, killing in the house (metaphor) 2, the image of a fisherman lying sunk in dreams on the verge of a deep lake (metaphor) 3, a room of one’s own (metaphor) 4, butcher’s bill (metonymy) 5, it was she who used to come between me and my paper when I was writing reviews (metonymy) Unit3 1, tectonic: metaphor 2, cloning: metaphor 3, fountainhead: metaphor 4, pocket: is used figuratively 5, marry: metaphor 6, it is still played all over Asia in the small rooms that are full of smoke (antonomasia) 7, it is also plated by rich society women at country clubs in Beverly Hills and in apartments on Manhattan’s Upper West Side (metonymy 8, A contrast is made between old shanghai and shanghai in the 1990s
高英课本课后翻译答案
这是我整理的，希望对大家有用。蓝色部分是重点词汇。 第一课 1、一条蜿蜒的小路隐没在树荫深处。 A winding path loses itself in the shadowy distance of the woods. 2、集市上有许多小摊子，出售的货物应有尽有。 At the bazaar, there are many stalls where goods of every conceivable kind are sold. 3、我真不知道到底是什么事让他如此生气。 I really don’t know what it is that has made him so angry. 4、新出土的铜花瓶造型优美，可有精细、复杂的传统图案。 The newly unearthed bronze vase is pleasing in form and engraved with delicate and intricate traditional designs. 5、在山的那一边是一望无际的大草原。 Beyond the mountains there is a vast grassland that extends as far as the eye can see. 6、他们决定买那座带有汽车房的房子。 They decided to buy that house with a garage attached. 7、教师们坚持对学生严格要求。 The teachers make a point of be ing strict with the students. 8、这个小女孩很喜欢她的父亲。 The girl is very much attached to her father. 9、为了实现四个现代化，我们认为有必要学习国外的先进科学技术。 To achieve the four modernization, we make a point of learn ing from the advanced science and technology of other countries. 10、黄昏临近时，天渐渐暗下来了。 As dusk fell, daylight faded away. 11徒工仔细地观察他的师傅，然后照着干。 The apprentice watched his master carefully and then followed suit. 12、吃完饭弗兰克常常帮助洗餐具。 Frank often took a hand in the washing-up after dinner. 第二课
高英修辞格
simile 明喻；metaphor 隐喻，暗喻；metonymy 转喻personification拟人；hyperbole 夸张；parallelism 排比,平行；euphemism 委婉；Irony 讽刺反语antithesis 对比对照synecdoche 提喻alliteration头韵allusion 典故anti-climax 渐降climax渐升pun双关语 Passage 1： 1.The middle eastern bazaar takes you back hundreds-even thousands of years--------(Personification,Hyperbole ) 2.You pass from the heat and glare of a big,open square into a cool,dark cavern which extends as far as you can see. (metaphor) 3.It grows louder and more distinct,until you round a corner and see a fairyland of dancing flashes,as the burnished copper catches the light of lamps. (metaphor, Personification) 4.The dye-market lies elsewhere in the vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar.A doorway gives a glimpse of a sunlit courtyard. (2个Personification) Passage 2: 1.......,as the fastest train in the world shipped to a stop in Hiroshima station. ( alliteration头韵PS：我也不知道为什么） 2.Because i had a lump in my throat and sad thoughts on my
(完整版)高英第2课课文
Marrakech George Orwell As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they c ame back a few minutes later. The little crowd of mourners -- all men and boys, no women--threaded their way across the mar ket place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, walling a short chant ov er and over again. What really appeals to the flies is that the corpses here are never put into coffin s, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders o f four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot or tw o deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like bro ken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merel y a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can e ven be certain where his own relatives are buried. When you walk through a town like this -- two hundred thousand inhabitants of whom at least t wenty thousand own literally nothing except the rags they stand up in-- when you see how the peo ple live, and still more how easily they die, it is always difficult to believe that you are walking am ong human beings. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact. The people have bro wn faces--besides, there are so many of them! Are they really the same flesh as your self? Do the y even have names? Or are they merely a kind of undifferentiated brown stuff, about as individua l as bees or coral insects? They rise out of the earth，they sweat and starve for a few years, and the n they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gon e. And even the graves themselves soon fade back into the soil. Sometimes, out for a walk as yo u break your way through the prickly pear, you notice that it is rather bumpy underfoot, and onl y a certain regularity in the bumps tells you that you are walking over skeletons. I was feeding one of the gazelles in the public gardens. Gazelles are almost the only animals that look good to eat when they are still alive, in fact, on e can hardly look at their hindquarters without thinking of a mint sauce. The gazelle I was feedin g seemed to know that this thought was in my mind, for though it took the piece of bread I was hol ding out it obviously did not like me. It nibbled nibbled rapidly at the bread, then lowered its hea d and tried to butt me, then took another nibble and then butted again. Probably its idea was that i f it could drive me away the bread would somehow remain hanging in mid-air. An Arab navvy working on the path nearby lowered his heavy hoe and sidled slowly towards u s. He looked from the gazelle to the bread and from the bread to the gazelle, with a sort of quiet a mazement, as though he had never seen anything quite like this before. Finally he said shyly in Fre nch: "1 could eat some of that bread." I tore off a piece and he stowed it gratefully in some secret place under his rags. This man is a n employee of the municipality. When you go through the Jewish Quarters you gather some idea of what the medieval ghettoe s were probably like. Under their Moorish Moorishrulers the Jews were only allowed to own lan d in certain restricted areas, and after centuries of this kind of treatment they have ceased to bothe r about overcrowding. Many of the streets are a good deal less than six feet wide, the houses are c ompletely windowless, and sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like cl ouds of flies. Down the centre of the street there is generally running a little river of urine. In the bazaar huge families of Jews, all dressed in the long black robe and little black skull-cap, ar