英语四级考试网 -- 四级翻译考前辅导之一汇总

英语四级考试网 -- 四级翻译考前辅导之一

一、题型介绍与分析英译汉为四级考试近年来新增设的主观题型，主要考核考生对英语书面材料的正确理解能力。试题分别选自于阅读理解部分的四篇短文，每篇短文中选择一至两个句子组成一题，每题约含20至30个单词。考试时间为15分钟，共10分。考试时，考生可参阅阅读理解部分的短文，以便了解上下文。二、应试策略与技巧A．主要运用的技巧：英译汉部

分一般包括：词类转化法、省略法、增词法、反译法、分译法等技巧。1．词类转化法在英译汉时，将英语中的某种词类在保证原文意义不变的情况下，根据汉语的需要改变成另一类词的方法。1) 名词转副词The girl in the seat is studying the old woman with interest .【译文】座位上的那个女孩正饶有兴趣地打量着那位老妇人。【分析】 interest 在原文中为名词，译成汉语转化为副词。2）副词转动词a.The real victory is not over one’s fellow runners but over one’s body.【译文】真正的胜利不是胜过其他赛手，而是胜过自己的体力。【分析】over在原文中为副词，译成汉语转化为动词。b. We are two days ahead of schedule．【译文】我们比原计划提前了两天。【分析】其中的副词ahead就被译为汉语的动词提前。3）动词转名词

a．Their original work impressed every auendant of the conference deeply．【译文】他们创造性的工作给每个与会者留下了深刻的印象。【分析】英文动词impressed就被译为汉语名词印象。b.The ten-year-old girl behaves as an adult．【译文】这个十岁女孩的举止像个大人。【分析】动词behaves被译为汉语名词举止。c.A well-dressed man, who looked and talked like an English, got into the train.【译文】一位穿着考究，外表、谈吐像英国人的人上了火车。【分析】looked， talked 在原文中为动词，译成汉语转化为名词。4）名词转形容词a.Whatever happens, we are deeply convinced of the correctness of this policy.【译文】无论发生什么，我们都要深信这一政策是正确的。【分析】correctness在原文中为名

词，译成汉语转化为形容词。b. I am deeply impressed by the beauty of the Summer Palace．【译文】美丽的颐和园给我留下了深刻的印象。【分析】名词beauty被译为汉语形容词美丽的。5) 名词转动词例如：a.There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in

spelling.(CET-4 91.6)

【译文】家长们普遍认为，学校不再对学生的拼写感兴趣。【分析】belief在原文为名词，译成汉语转化为动词。 b. In some cases，deserts is the creation of destruction of virgin forest．【译文】有时，沙漠是人类毁坏原始森林造成的。【分析】英文中的名词creation和destruction被译成了汉语的动词造成和毁坏。c. The 1967 UN document calls for the settlement of the Middle East conflict on the basis of Isreali withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement oflsreali’s rightto exist．【译文】1967年联合国文件呼吁在以色列撤出所占领土、阿拉伯承认以色列的生存权力的基础上解决中东冲突。【分析】

settlement、withdrawal和acknowledgement三个词都是名词，但它们仍然含有动词的意思，所以在汉译时译成动词解决、撤出的习惯6）形容词转动词a.I am certain that he will succeed．【译文】我深信他会成功。【分析】certain在译成汉语时就被译为动词深信。b.Are you satisfied that he iS telling the truth?【译文】你确信他在讲真话吗?【分析】satisfied在译成汉语时就被译为动词确信。7）介词转动词a.He can write in English．【译文】他会用英语写作。【分析】介词in就应译成动词用。b.Ihad been at work all day．【译文】我整天都在工作。【分析】介词at就应译成动词在工作。8）形容词转名词a.The railway ticket is valid for three months．【译文】这张火车票的有效期为三个月。【分析】形容词valid被译为汉语名词有效期。b.The electrical appliances made in China are competitive in the world market．【译文】中国制造的家用电器在国际市场上很有竞争力。【分析】形容词competitive被译为汉语名词竞争力。9）副词转名词It is officially said that the unemployment rate is very low．【译文】据官方说失业率很低。【分析】副词officiaUy被译为汉语名词官方。10）动词转形容词Let me see if it fits．【译文】让我看看它是否

合适。【分析】动词fits被译为汉语形容词合适。11）副词转形容词His theory was once severely criticized．【译文】他的理论曾受到过严厉的批判。【分析】副词severely被译为汉语形容词严厉的。12）形容词转副词Special care should be taken when handling flammable materials．【译文】使用易燃材料时要格外小心。【分析】形容词Special被译为汉语形容词格外。2．省略法省略法是将原文的某些词省去不译，因为译文虽无其词但已有其意。一般来说，英语中的冠词、连词、代词尤其是人称代词、关系代词、关系副词等译成汉语时常可省略。例如：They also say that the need for talent, skilled Americans means we have to expand the pool of potential employees.(CET-4 98.6)【译文】他们说，对有才干、有技术的美国人的需求意味着必须扩大潜在的雇员储备。【分析】原文的that和we

省略不译，意思完整。They had fitted themselves to the climate here.【译文】他们已经适应了这里的气候。【分析】themselves省略不译，

意思完整。We had learned a lot from the workers and technicians.【译文】我们从工人和技术人员那里学了不少东西。【分析】名词复数省略不译。

It is desirable that the meeting should be held as soon as possible.【译文】希望这次会议尽早召开。【分析】It省略不译。We have tested 200 types of cloth, none of which is completely waterproof.【译文】我们已经试验了200种布料，没有一种能完全防水。【分析】of which省略不译。3．增词法为了使译文忠实地表述原文的意思并符合汉语的表达习惯，必须对译文增加一些词语。例如：This is usually when we are running into difficulties, when mismatch is occurring between expectations and meaning.(CET-【译文】这种情况通常发生在我们遇到困难，或期望与目标有出入时。【分析】根据上下文增加“发生”一词，句意完整清楚。

【译文】学生们在一间明亮的教室里上课。【分析】根据上下文增加量词“一间”，句意完整清楚。This plan with all its disadvantages is considered to be one of the best.【译文】尽管有种种不周全之处，这个计划仍被认为是最佳计划之

一。【分析】根据上下文增加解释性文字“尽管”，句意完整清楚。At last my dream came true.【译文】我的梦想终于实现了。【分析】根据上下文增加助词“了”，句意完整清楚。The problem was both psychological and physiological.【译文】这个问题涉及心理和生理两个方面。【分析】根据词“方面”，句意完整清楚。It is time to consider the environmental problems on a global scale.【译文】现在应该从全球范围来考虑环境问题。【分析】根据上下文增加表示时态的词“现在”，句意完整清楚。The

finished products must be carefully examined before delivery.【译文】成品在出厂前必须加以仔细地检查。【分析】根据上下文增加表示语态的词“加以”，句意完整清楚。4．反译法由于汉英两种语言的思维逻辑、表达方式不同，英译汉时有时正译译不顺，翻译出的内容又不符合汉语的习惯表达方式，这就要从反面翻译。例如：

customers’s dollar, they can’t afford to treat them like inferiors or slavers.(CET-【译文】一方面，商家为赚取顾客的钱而竞争；另一方面，他们又必须把顾客当上司和主人看待。【分析】把原文否定的形式can’t afford翻译成肯定的形式，把inferiors or slaves从反面表达改为“上司和主人”。

of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, and expense.【译文】我们阅读时可遍访地球上最美丽的地方，轻松、便捷、便宜。【分析】把原文否定的形式fatigue, inconvenience, and expense翻译成肯定的形式.You will lose your chance if you delay your action.【译文】如果迟迟不采取行动，你就会坐失良机。【分析】把原文肯定的形式delay翻译成否定的形式迟迟不。5．分译法分译法就是在英译汉时把长句拆开来分译为短句，使句子通顺易懂。例如：

view is equally important, and that is to do not with what is read but with how it is read.【译文】我们认为还有另一种对话方式同样重要，那种方式不是解决读什么，而是解决怎样读的问题。【分析】由于原句比较长，翻译时按意群进行划分，译成三个分句，意思表达非常清楚。

are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.【译文】男人们不会上时装设计者的当，因为他们很聪明。【分析】原句为一个整句，翻译时分译为两个分句。But the significant thing is not the behavior of the players but the attitude of the spectators and，behind the spectators， of the nations who work themselves into

furies over these absurd contests， and seriously believe-at any rate for short periods-that running， jumping and kicking a ball are tests of national virtue．【译文】然而使人深思的不是运动员的表现，而是观众的态度，还有那些在观众背后对这些可笑的比赛表现狂怒的国家的态度。他们还真相信一一跑、跳和踢球是对国民道德的检验，无论如何在短时间内他们是这样认为的。【分析】本句中有两个and将长句分为两部分，使句子十分清楚。所以，应将两个and所连的句子分开翻译。When all these shaping forces --schools，open attitudes，the premium system， a genius for spatial thinking-- interacted with one another on the rich U．S。mainland， they produced that American characteristic，emulation．【译文】那时，所有这些塑造力--包括学校的教育、开放制、空间

思维的能力等同富饶的美国大陆上相互交汇在一起，形成了美国人的个性，即竞争。【分析】该句的主句是"they produced that American characteristic，emulation．"其中， "emulation"指的是"characteristic"："when"引导的从句"when all theses haping forces --schools，open attitudes，the premium system， a genius for spatial thinking-- interacted with one another on the rich U．S．mainland’’充当主句的条件状语；破折号之间的部分是插入语，为四个并列成分，主要是解释shaping forces的内容。6．合译法合译法就是在英译汉时根据需要把分句合成一个整句。We look forward to the day when the scientists can discover more of the universe..【译文】我们期待着科学家们能够发现更多宇宙奥秘的那一天。【分析】原句为一个主句带一个从句，翻译时合成一个整句。

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最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/1e9891189.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） 四级翻译题目 87、Because of noise outside,Nancy had great difficulty________(集中注意力在实验上） 88、The manager never laughed;neither________(她也从来没有发过脾气）。 89、We look forward to____________________( 被邀请出席开幕式). 90、It is suggested that the air conditioner ____________________（要安装在窗户旁边） 91、The 16 year old girl decided to travel abroad on her own despite______(她父母的强烈反对） 参考答案 87、in focusing on the experiment 88、had she lost her temper. 89、being invited to attend the opening ceremony. 90、(should) be installed by the window. 91、her parents’strong objection. 87. You would not have failed if___(按照我的指令去做) 【参考答案】you had followed my instructions 或者you had followed my orders 。【权威解析】本题较为容易，属于识记型题目。考点有三个：第一是按照所给出的汉语提示，由于主句和从句的主语是一致的，因此在做答案的时候应该在从句中补全主语you，很多学生出现遗漏，就按照汉语意思直译了，造成不必要的失分；第二是固定搭配“按照。。。的指令”表达为follow my instructions 或者是follow my orders 注意多样化的表达，两者选其一就可以；第三个考点是if从句的虚拟语气考查；根据语法规定，如果主句中出现would have的形式，从句中应该采用had 过去分词的结构；综上，很容易得出答案you had followed my instructions 。 88. Despite the hardship he encountered, Mark never ___(放弃对知识的追求) 【参考答案】abandoned the pursuit of knowledge。 【权威解析】本题的考点主要有两个：首先根据句子的已知部分判断，需要填写的部分应该采用过去时，这一点大家一定要注意；其次，考查固定搭配，1）“放弃做某事”abandon sth；“知识的追求’的表达是the pursuit of knowledge ”，综上，得出正确答案。在句子的已知部分，encounter the hardship也是非常重要的固定搭配，意思为“遇到困难”。 89. Scientists agree that it will be a long time before____(我们找到治愈癌症的方法) 【参考答案】we find the cure for cancer。 【权威解析】首先根据句子的已知部分，可以判断出填写的部分用一般现在时；其次，要注意汉语提示部分是“治愈”而不是“治疗”，因此要用cure 而不能用treat，这就提醒我们学习单词的时候一定要注意细节，否则用错了，分数就丢掉

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2017年6月大学练习题13篇汇总 1.中国菜 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。 参考翻译: Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on

历年大学英语四级翻译真试题及范文答案、、、、

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历年四级段落型翻译真题 Roger Li 2014 年6 月大学英语四级翻译 试卷一：中餐许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition) 。由于食物对健康至关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 译文： Many people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is viewed as not only a skill but also a form of art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredients vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy. 试卷二：信息技术 信息技术(Information Technology) ，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的，中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。译文： As Chinese citizens are attaching increasing importance to the rapidly developing Information Technology, some colleges even set it as a compulsory course. In regard to this, people hold different opinions. Some people view it as unnecessary move, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Other thinks it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology arouses public concern. 试卷三：茶文化 " 你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而中国人则会选茶，相传，中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶，并用来治病，在明清(the qing dynasties) 期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18 世纪才传到欧美，如今，茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组成部分。译文： "Would you like tea or coffee?" That 's a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners would choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverages in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture. 试卷四：中国结 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺术和工艺。在古代，人们用它来记录事件，但现在主要是用于装饰的目的。“结”在中文里