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高考英语复合词和构词法分析

英语复合词和构词法

复合形容词

first-class, full-time, part-time, second-hand, bare-foot

good-looking, free-thinking, hard-working

ready-made

复合名词

horseback , newspaper, cell-phone

back-yard, forehead，greenhouse, blackboard

hiding-place, reading-room

get-off, break-in, breakdown, breakup

output, overflow

pickpocket ,

overcoat, inland

其他复合名词

转化法

前后缀

表示人和物的前后缀

形容词后缀

动词后缀

高三英语构词法II

构词法II（word formation）合成法合成法是把两个或两个以上的单词合成一个新词的构词法。有的可以直接写在一起构成一个新单词，还有的在词与词之间用连字符“-”构成一个新单词，把这个词通常叫做复合词。记住常见的复合词的构成方式是掌握合成法的关键，现就常见的复合词的构成方式分类举例并归纳如下： 1.名词的合成词： (1)名词+名词：classroom（教室），airport（飞机场）eyesight（视力） (2)形容词+名词: deadline（最后期限）, highway 高速公路 expressway（高速公路）, blackboard (3)副词+名词: overburden(过重的负担), underclothes( 内衣) (4)动词+名词: driveway(车道), breakwater(防浪堤), pickpocket(扒手) (5)名词+动词: daybreak(拂晓), haircut, heartbeat, headache (6)名词+动词的- ing 形式: sightseeing(观光), handwriting 2.形容词合成词: (1)名词+形容词: home-sick(想家的), large-scale大规模的 (2)名词+动词-ing: peace- loving (爱好和平的), time- saving(节省时间的) (3)名词+动词的过去分词: heartfelt(衷心的), homemad(国产的, (4)副词+现在分词: good-looking, hardworking，outstanding, (5)形容词/副词+过去分词: widespread(广泛传播的), newly- built 新建的） (6)副词+形容词: all-around(全面发展的), ever-green(常青的) (7)形容词+形容词: deaf-mute(又聋又哑的), icy-cold（冰冷的）, (8)其它方式：face-to-face ten-year-old boy 3.动词合成词: (1)名词+动词sleep-walk梦游Daybreak (2)形容词+动词white-wash粉刷dumbfound(使目瞪口呆), (3)副词+动词）overwhelm压倒；outline(画出?轮廓overcome克服 4.副词合成词: (1)形容词+名词hotfoot匆忙地， (2)形容词＋副词everywhere到处somehow (3)副词＋副词however尽管如此however (4)介词＋名词beforehand事先 (5)介词＋副词forever永远。 5.代词合成词: (1)代词宾格＋self herself 她自己himself, (2)物主代词＋self myself 我自己ourselves (3)形容词＋名词anything, nobody, 转化法转化法是由一种词类转化为一种或几种词类的构词法，是英语形成新词的重

高中英语句子结构、成分分析-直接打印版

句子成分(Members of a Sentence) 什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。英语五种基本句型列式如下：一.ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）基本句型一：ＳＶ（主＋谓）主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come. 此句型的句子有一个共同点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Ｓ│Ｖ不及物动词）1. The sun │was shining. 2. The moon │rose. 3. The universe │remains. 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 5. Who │cares? 6. What he said │do es not matter. 7. They │talked for half an hour. 8. The pen │writes smoothly 基本句型二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻Ｓ│Ｖ（是系动词）│ ＰHis face │turned │red. 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good. 3. He │fell │in love. 4. Everything │looks │different. 5.He│is growing │tall and strong. 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 7. Our well │has gone │dry. There be 结构：There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’ 试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。基本句型三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等Ｓ│Ｖ及物动词│Ｏ1.Who │knows │the answer? 2. She │smiled │her thanks. 3.He │has refused │to help them. 4. He │enjoys │reading. 5.They │ate │what was left over. 6. He │said │"Good morning." 7.I │want │to have a cup of tea. 8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 基本句型四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常人为间接宾语；物为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。一般的顺序为：动词+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea,please. 强调间接宾语顺序为：动词+ 直接宾语+介词+ 间接宾语。如： Show this house to Mr.Smith. 若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语+介词+ 间接宾语。如：Bring it to me,please. Ｓ│Ｖ及物│ｏ多指人）│Ｏ（多指物）1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 2. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 3.She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 4. He │denies │her │nothing. 5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 基本句型五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。 1 / 6

上海高考英语题型+阅读分析

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Section A Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (A) My Stay in New York After graduation from university, I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my small town. So I decided to leave home for New York, (25)______I might have a better chance to find a good job. (26) ______ (earn) some money to pay the daily expenses, I started work in a local caféas a waiter. I believed that (27) ______ ______ ______ I was offered a good position, I would resign at once. Over time, the high cost of living became a little burden on my already (28) ______ (exhaust) shoulder. On the other hand, my search for a respectable job had not met with much success. As I had studied literature at university, I found it quite difficult to secure a suitable job in big companies. Mother had just said that (29) ______ I wanted to have a better career advancement, I had to find work in the city. Perhaps (30) ______my mother had told me was deeply rooted in my mind. I just did as she had expected. Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I still did not like it. Apparently, I had difficulty (31) ______ (adapt) myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight. After nine months of frustration, I eventually decided to go back to my small town. Not until I returned (32) ______I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me. 主旨大意：本文主要讲述主人公毕业后的一段生活经历，主人公觉得在大城市的打拼并不尽如人意，还是小镇生活比较适合自己。 25. where. 本题考察定语从句，先行词为New York。 26. To earn. 本题考察非谓语，考察点是动词不定式表目的，在咖啡馆做侍应生的目的是赚钱。 27. as soon as/ as long as. 本题考察状语从句。考察点是时间状语从句“一旦……”，本题设3个空格，也是一种提示。 28. exhausted. 本题考察非谓语，考察点是分词做形容词使用。句子不缺动词，做给动词只能做非谓语，exhausted主语是人，所以用-ed。 29. if. 本题考察状语从句。考察点是条件状语从句，分析句意可知有“如果”的意思。 30. what. 本题考察主语从句。考察点是what做宾语。 31. adapting. 本题考察非谓语。考察点是非谓语做宾补。固定搭配have difficulty doing sth。 32. did. 本题考察倒装句。Not until放句首，部分倒装“助动词+主语+动词”。

高考英语新题型大揭秘

高考英语新题型大揭秘——信息匹配题高考英语新题型大揭秘 ——信息匹配题信息匹配题这种新题型与以往高考阅读理解题中的应用文有一定的联系。它选用的文章内容贴近实际生活，将具体的人物和情节设计在实际情景中。这种题型能更好地考查考生快速阅读、获取信息和处理信息的能力。作为阅读理解的一种新题型，它比传统的阅读理解题难，命题手段更为灵活，更侧重语言的实用性，体现了新课程改革下的考查方向。因而，该题型很受命题者欢迎，最早2005年出现在高考英语的上海卷和浙江卷，后又被广东(2007年)等地的高考英语卷采用。下面，我们就对这一题型进行一个全面的剖析。真题再现 2009年高考英语浙江卷第二节: Bryan、Olga、Scott、Anna 和David正在进行一项“企业家成功秘诀调查”。他们将采访几位企业家。第61-65题是他们拟定的采访话题。阅读下面刊登在Entrepreneur (《企业家》)杂志上6位企业家的成功感言（A、B、C、D、E和F），为每位采访者选定最佳采访对象，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。 61. Bryan: What comes first, the customer or the profit? 62. Olga: How important is an entrepreneur’s ambition to his/her company’s growth? 63. Scott: How does an entrepreneur make use of his/her advantages? 64. Anna: Why do successful entrepreneurs seem to enjoy their work?

(全)高考英语历年真题详解-构词法

高考英语历年真题详解-构词法 2015新课标1卷 Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 答案：regularly 构词法：形容词构副词，形容构副词一般是在词尾加ly，副词可以修饰动词、形容词、副词与整个句子。 2015新课标2卷 In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their (able) to “air condition”a house without using electric equipment. 答案：ability 构词法：形容词构名词，名词后缀-ity: ability, possibility, probability, responsibility, purity, reality, equality Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat (slow) during cool nights，thus warming the house.

答案：slowly 构词法：形容词构副词 As (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 答案：natural 构词法：名词构形容词，形容词后缀-al：natural, additional, educational, national 2016全国卷（新课标一） But for tourists like me, pandas are its top (attract). 答案：attraction 构词法：动词构名词，名词后缀-ion, -ation：suggestion, action, solution, invention, direction The title will be (official) given to me at a ceremony in London. 答案：officially 构词法：形容词构副词 2016全国新课标二卷

高考英语句子结构剖析=

高考英语句子结构剖析 1、The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.（同位语从句、让步状语从句）句意：拍电影和四年后出演The Sting的经历所建立起来的友谊源于一个事实：尽管我们存在年龄差距，但我们都源自戏剧和直播电视的传统。分析：本句的主干是The friendship had its root in the fact.。其中，grew out of... later为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词friendship；后面的although there was ... live TV为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个although引导的让步状语从句。 2、We shared the belief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back 一he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.（同位语从句、条件状语从句、定语从句）

英语构词法在高考中的应用

英语构词法在高考中的应用本课要点：1.各类词性的正确使用及转化 2.运用构词法知识猜测语境中词的语义 3.通过理解和掌握构词法扩大词汇量考情分析： 1. We drank together and talked _____ (merry) till far into the night.( 07 高考) 2.This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their (nature) course.( 08 高考) 3.But Jane knew from past experience that her __ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father.( 09高考) 4.His teacher took a deep drink, smiled _______(warm), and thanked his student very much for the sweet water.(10高考) 考点精讲： Friendships change as our needs and lifestyles change. Don’t trouble trouble until trouble troubles you. They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance. 英语构词法主要有三种方法：一．.合成(Compounding):由两个或更多的词合成一个词 eg. house( 房子)+ wife( 妻子)----housewife(家庭主妇) 二. 转化(Conversion):由一个词类转化为另一个词类: eg. water ( n.)水--- water ( v.)浇水三. 派生(Derivation): 通过加前缀或后缀构成另外一个词: eg. happy---- unhappy 加前缀一般不改变原词的，只改变其。 happy---- happiness 加后缀改变了原词的一．合成法： …Yet, shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems, such as shoplifters, who always take away things from the shop without paying for them. … What does the word “shoplifter”mean? A.商店里的小偷 B. 商店里的推销员 C.商店里的老客户 D.商店里的搬运工注意：请你猜一猜下列划线的词的词义。 1.For them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. 2.Down-to-earth spirit is a necessity. Sharp words from a teacher can usually bring a day-dreaming student down-to-earth. 3.For a time we wrote, and her letters were the highlight of those terrible endless years.

高考-英语句子结构详细剖析

高考英语句子结构详细剖析 1、In her excitement., she didn’t seem to realize that she was sharing the baby’s photos with a complete stranger. 参考译文：由于激动，她似乎没有意识到她在和一个完全陌生的人分享宝宝的照片。句式分析整体分析：选句为复合句。 1）主句In her excitement , she didn’t seem to realize.其中In her excitement 为状语。 2）that she was sharing the baby’s photos with a complete stranger为宾语从句，其中with a complete stranger为状语。重点词汇 excitement兴奋，激动; 令人兴奋的事 realize实现; 了解，意识到 sharing共享; 分配; 均分; 共价 complete完整的; 完全的; 完成

2、＂Well, I don’t know you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby,＂replied Dennis before asking which room the new parents were in. 参考译文：在询问新父母所在的房间之前，丹尼斯回答道：“好吧，我不了解你们的全部，但我会到那里和孩子合影的。” 句式分析整体分析：选句两部分。replied Dennis before asking which room the new parents were in为主句，其中before asking which room the new parents were in为状语。 Well, I don’t know you all but I will get there to take pictures with the baby为引语，可以切分为两部分：I don’t know you all 和but I will get there to take pictures with the baby. 重点词汇 take pictures照相 replied回答，反应（reply的过去式和过去分词） parents双亲（parent的名词复数） 3、Much to the family’s surprise, Dennis stuck to his promise ! 参考译文：令全家人惊讶的是，丹尼斯坚持了他的承诺！

高三英语句子结构

高三英语句子结构主句：There was story after story of 。曾经有关于。一个接一个的故事介词宾语从句 how Lin Qiaozhi 。 went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family 其中——（关于）林巧稚夜间晚归去把一个婴儿送给贫苦家庭的（故事）* 主语：how Lin Qiaozhi * 谓语部分 went late at night to deliver a baby for a poor family 。* 分词短语作插入性状语：tired after a day's work,(= after Lin Qiaozhi was tired after a day's work 一天疲劳工作以后)* 定语从句：who could not pay her.那一类给她付不起费的（家庭）翻译：直译——曾经有关于林巧稚一天疲劳工作以后夜间晚归去把一个婴儿送给那些给她付不起费的贫苦家庭的一个接一个的故事.意译——有过说不完的关于林巧稚的故事.她常常在一天疲劳工作以后，把（初生）婴儿送给那些付不起费的贫苦家庭.。你好，这个比较多吧，具体罗列如下，希望能够帮助到你：一、句型1:Subject （主语） + Verb （谓语）这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。

常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, e, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：（1） Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。（2） The aident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。（3）Spring is ing. (4) We have lived in the city for ten years. 二、句型2:Subject （主语） + Link. V （系动词） + Predicate（表语）这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类： 1.表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：（1）This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。（2） He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。 2.表示变化。这类系动词有：bee, turn, get, grow, go等。

2020年高考英语试题分析

一、试题总体特点 2020年高考的命题体现了科学设计考试内容，优化高考选拔功能，强化能力立意与素养导向，助力推动中学素质教育。今年的高考英语试题都是-一个个语篇构成,充分体现了重语篇轻语法的原则。试题取材广泛性、体裁多样性，选材围绕人与自然、人与社会、自我发展三大主题，全面考察学生的能力，时代性强，拓展了学生全球视野，增强学生劳动精神的考察。试卷能很全面考查学生的英语语言能力，引导学生形成良好的思维品质，高考坚持立德树人，发展素质教育这一目标被充分的体现了。二、试卷结构 2020年高考英语全国II卷试题整体难度与往年大体相同。无论从题型的设置上还是题目的难度上，都基本延续了2019年的出题模式。本套试题坚持了“科学性、目标性、发展性”的高考命题原则，重视对学生基础知识的考查，题型稳定，同时继续深化对英语实际使用能力的考查，相对弱化语法，加强阅读。整张试卷体现了回归英语语言本质的特色，凸显了英语学科的核心素养，在帮助孩子树立国际视野的同时，也兼顾到了国家情怀,彰显了立德树人的根本任务。今年试卷秉承了多年来的一贯特点：材料体现丰富的文化内涵，体裁丰富多样有记叙文、说明文、应用文等；文章侧重考查学生的细节理解能力和推理判断能力。试题的语篇材料选材新颖，时代性强，话题涉及各个方面。完形填空和往年一样是我们常见的记叙文，着重考查实词在语篇中的准确运用，难度适中。通过讲述一位Nicolo的工人在一次拍卖会上以低廉的价格拍得两幅画，后来无意中发现这两幅画是价值连城的作品。故事情节曲折动人，一波三折。语法填空和短文改错涉及到动词、名词、形容词、副词、介词、连词、逻辑关系等常见考点。

浙江高考英语新题型分析

浙江高考英语新题型分析 1、听力回归，和笔试一起考，题型和分值均不变。 2、阅读题量减少到10道，但是阅读和完形填空的分值上升，巩固了这两个传统难题的地位。阅读从2分一道增加为2.5分一道；完形填空从1分一道增加为1.5分一道；同时阅读部分增加7选5题型，对浙江的高中生来说是一个新题型。 3、单选题取消，改错题取消，增加“语法填空”，以前不会的语法题还可以在四个选项中去猜，以后只能凭借硬功夫去填，“语感”也帮不了你了！ 4、写作分为两部分：小作文15分，为议论文，80个单词；大作文有两个类型，短文续写或者文章摘要，占25分；这两类作文形式对于浙江考生来说，都是十分新颖的，平时学校中也缺乏相应的训练，对于同学们来说会有较大的难度。听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节短对话（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where is Linda now? A. In the woman’s office B. In the classroom. C. In the library 2. What would the man like to do? A. To visit his parents. B. To drive to the countryside. C. To travel to another country. 3. What is the man going to do? A. Talk to more students. B. Collect more information C. Work on a research paper. 4. Where can the man get the tickets？ A. From the club. B. From Susan. C. From Tom. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She is warm enough. B. She has to study in. C. She likes the idea. 第二节长对话或独白（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅览室读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Police officers. B. Manager and clerk. C. Shop assistant and customer. 7. What are the speakers going to do? A. Open a store. B. Make a plan. C. Have a meeting. 听第7段材料，回答第8-10题 8. What’s the woman’s problem? A. She missed the wake up call. B. Her room service is out of order. C. She is unable to get her breakfast in time. 9. Who is going to deal with the problem? A. The hotel manager B. A room attendant. C. The woman herself. 10. How does the woman feel about the service?

英语构词法训练-

构词法专项训练 1.I wrote him a letter to show my___(appreciate) of his thoughtfulness. 2.The first tomb was built at the___(begin) of the 15th century. 3.Painting is a ___(create) process. 4.For our homework tonight, we have to write a ___(describe) of the street where we live. 5.The ___ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich. 6.I’d just like to ___ (emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign language. 7.My grandfather is as___(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing nothing at all. 8.The first lesson was very___(enjoy)---I like it a lot! 9.These discoveries proved the___(exist)of a human species who lived in the area between 700,000 and 200.000 years ago. 10.A smile is the universal___(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease. 11.Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for being___(fashion). 12.The committee is ______(discuss) the problem right now. 13.The accused man proved his___(innocent) of the crime. 14.The government’s new scheme is designed to help the___(job). 15.The days start to_ _(long) in March. 16.___(Luck), Peter didn’t get the job. 17.The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from___(lonely). 18.Stop ___(mean) chatter, boys. You are wasting time. 19.How lucky he was! He won the lottery and now he is a ___(million). 20.T hey had the ___(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm. 21.He lives in a ___(mountain) district, where traffic is extremely inconvenient. 22.I am so full that I couldn’t eat another ___(mouth).

高考英语-句子成分和句子结构讲解及练习

To wear a flower is to say I ' m poor, I can t buy a ring. （不定式） The question is whether they will come. （常见的系动词有 : be, sound （听起来）起来） , taste （尝, lo 、ok （表语从句）起来）,feel （摸起来，看 smell （闻吃起来） , remain （保持，仍是） , feel （ It sounds a good idea. Her voice sounds sweet. The food smells delicious. The door remains open. 宾语： 1）动作的承受者动宾 I like China. （名词） How many do you need? We need two. We should help the old and the poor. 词） I hope to see you again. （语从句） 2 ）介词后的名词、代词和动名词 Are you afraid of the snake? 不定式） rocks. 感觉） The sound sounds strange. Tom looks thin. The food tastes good. Now I feel tired. He hates you. （代词）数词） I enjoy working with you. Did you write down what he said? 动名 3 ）双宾语 - --------- 间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）介宾 He gave me a book yesterday. 宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。 Under the snow, there are many 名词） Give the poor man some money. We elected him monitor. come here. （名） We will make them happy. Please make yourself at home. 定 We all think it a pity that she didn ' t 形容词） We found nobody in. （副词）介词短语） Don ' t let him do that. （省 to 不句子成分和句子结构讲解及练句习子成分主语（ subject ） : 句子说明的人或事物。 The sun rises in the east. （代词） Twenty years is a short time in history. （（动名词） To see is to believe. 名词） He likes dancing. 数词） Seeing is believing. 不定式） What he needs is a book. 主语从句） It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. It 形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（ predicate ） : 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 We study English. 表语（ predicative ） : He is asleep. 系动词之 He is a teacher. 后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。代词）（名词） Five and five is ten. 容词） His father is in. 数词）介词短语）副词） Seventy- four! You don He is asleep. The picture is on t look it. the wall. My watch is gone / missing / lost. 形容词化的分词）