8.主谓一致

主谓一致

学习目标: 1. 熟悉主谓一致的基本用法。

2. 灵活运用主谓一致。

一、语法形式一致的原则

即在语法形式上取得一致。如：主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数；主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。但须注意下列几种情况：

1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。

To study English well is not easy. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.

注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时，主句的谓语动词用复数。

What I bought were three English books.我买的是三本英语书。

What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。

2、由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时，谓语用复数。

Swimming and walking are good exercises.游泳和散步都是好运动。

Both John and Ann have got pen-friends.约翰和安都有笔友。

1)并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。

The manager and secretary was absent at the meeting.经理兼书记没有出席会议。

Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.他们的老师和朋友是李先生。

2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no， each， every或many a ，more than one修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。

Each man and each woman is asked to help.

Many a student is having practice in that factory.

More than one student is interested in the book.

3、如果主语是单数，尽管后面跟有(together) with，as well as， like， but，except， besides，including，no less than，rather than，as much as，more than，along with，in addition to等介词短语，其谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，则谓语动词也用复数。

An English teacher together with some students has climbed to the top of the mountain.

Mary as well as her friends likes this painting.

No one except my close friends knows anything about this matter.

4、不定代词each, either, neither 和由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Each (of us) takes a cup of coffee.(我们)每人喝一杯咖啡。

Everyone knows smoking cigarettes is bad for health.大家都知道吸烟不利于身体健康。

5.不定代词none 以及由"none of＋复数合词(或代词)"构成的短语作主语时,谓语用单复数均可。

Neither of them have/ has replied. 他们两个谁也没有答复。

6、在定语从句中，关系代词that，who，which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数，应与句中先行词的数一致。

The horse which is tied to the tree belongs to John.

Those who want to go on a journey please sign your name here.要去旅游的请把名字签在这儿。

注意:在以“one of the＋复数名词”为先行词的定语从句中，关系代词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但如果“one of the＋复数名词”这个结构前有the only之类的修饰语时，其从句的谓语动词用单数。

This is one of the questions that have been asked by the students.这是学生提出的许多问题的一个。He is the only one of the officers who was invited to the ball here. 他是办公室唯一收到邀请的人。

7、“a lot of （lots of）， plenty of， a head of， heaps of， the rest（majority） of ，some（many，anymore，most， all等）of＋+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词（短语）保持一致。

Most of the students in our class are league. 我们班上大多数学生是团员。

Most of the food tastes delicious. 大多数食物味道很好。

Lots of damage was caused by smoking.许多损害是由吸烟引起的。

注意：1）all单独作主语表示“人”时，谓语用复数；表示“整个事件或事情”时，谓语用单数。All are present. 所有的人都出席了。(表人) All is well. 一切都好。

2）“a number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“The number of+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

A number of students in our class are out by the lake.我们班有些学生到湖边去了。

The number of students in our school is 2500.我们学校的学生人数是2500名。

8、由“分数或百分数+of +名词（或代词）”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语要与of后面的名词（短语）保持一致。

Two thirds of the country is dry or desert.这个国家的三分之二的地方气候干燥或者是沙漠地区。

30 percent of the students in our class are girls.我们班的30%是女生。

二、逻辑意义一致原则

即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。常见的有以下几种情况：

1、表示总称意义形单意复的名词，如people, police, cattle 等作主语时，只当作复数看待，谓语在任何情况下都用复数。

Cattle are one cause of the problem.造成戈壁滩的原因之一是牲畜问题。

The police are searching for a murderer in that mountain.警察正在山中搜寻一名杀人犯。

2、以集体名词army, class, enemy, family, government, group, team，crew，crowd，public等集体名词作主语时，谓语应视其情况而用不同形式：当作主语被看作一个整体时，谓语用单数，如果被看成是其中的个体成员时，谓语就用复数。

Our family is not poor any more. 我们家已经不再贫困了。

My family all speak the Intuit language.我一家人都讲因努伊特语。

注意:population 单独使用作主语时，谓语动词用单数；而前面有some, most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式。

Most of the population of the city are workers.这个城市人口的大多数是工人。

One third of the population now smoke.三分之一的人口在吸烟。

The population in our country is very large, and eighty percent of the population are farmers.

3、当一些有两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数形式，如glasses, trousers（裤子）, shoes ，chopsticks（筷子）,goods（货物）,scissors（剪刀）,socks, compasses （圆规），但如果这些名词前有a pair of，等量词修饰时，（clothes被修饰a suit of），谓语动词一般用单数形式。

Your trousers need washing. 你的裤子该洗了。 My glasses are new. 我的眼镜是新的。

A pair of new shoes is in your suitcase.一双新鞋在你的手提箱里。

Two pairs of socks are enough for me. 对我来说，两双袜子就足够了。

4、当表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值等数词短语作主语，根据意义一致原则，通常被看作一个整体，其谓语用单数。

5.某些形复意单的名词(如表示人名、地名、国名及组织、书籍、报刊等名称的专有名词和学科名词等)作主语，谓语用单数。

Physics is a difficult subject to learn, I think. 我想，物理是一门难学的科目。

The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲。

6、如果主语由“the+形容词（分词）”担任时，往往根据意义一致原则，来决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。如果表示一类人时，谓语动用复数形式；如果指个人或抽象概念时，则谓语动词用单数形式。

The old are taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家老人受到很好的照顾。

The sick is one of the students in our class. 那位病人是我们班的一个学生。

7、表示数量的短语“one and a half＋名词复数”及“a＋单数名词＋and＋a half”作主语时，谓语用单数。

One and a half oranges has been left on the table. 桌子上只剩下一个半桔了。

A month and a half has passed. 一个半月时间过去了。

三、就近一致原则

即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定，又称为毗邻一致原则。例如：

1、当or，either...or， neither...nor， not only...but also...，not...but....，whether...or...等连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词。

Either you or Lily is to do the cleaning after supper. 不是该你，就是该莉莉在晚饭后打扫卫生。Not only the mother but also the children were there.不但母亲在那里，而且孩子们也在那里。2、在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起，而主语又不止一个，谓语动词往往与最邻近的主语保持一致。

There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌，一张桌子和三把椅子.

【巩固练习】

I.单句填空

1.Two hundred miles ___________(be) a long distance.

2.One and a half bananas ____________(be) left on the table.

3.Neither the teacher nor the students ____________(like)this piece of music.

4.What he gave me _________________(be) five English books .

5.A library with five thousand books ____________(be)offered to the nation as a gift last month.

6.Mathematics ___________(be) the language of science.

7.The defence works _______________(be)built long ago to keep the enemy away.

8.Here ______________ (be) a pen and some pieces of paper for you.

9.More than one worker _________(be) fired so far.

10. The old _____________(take) good care of in this community.

11 The class _______(have) 45 students . The class ______(be) planting trees on the hill.

12. Quantities of safe drinking water _______(be) needed in the area.

II.单句改错

1.Either the students or the teacher know the truth.

2.Chinese food are loved by more and more foreigners .

3.One hundred dollars are a big sum of money for the family.

4.Every boy and every girl in our class were invited to the party.

5.Two-thirds of the work have been finished .

6.Many a student have joined the club.

7.Henry, rather than Jane and John , are responsible for the loss.

8.There are an apple and two bananas on the table.

9.The writer and speaker are from the US. He has become our friend now.

10.My friend Ann, together with me , are going to have a picnic.

11.Three years in a strange country seem like a long time.

12.The number of people dying of cancer have been increasing.

13.The father as well as his three children go skating every Sunday afternoon.

14.A pair of sunglasses were sent to me as a present by Tom.

15.We are going to visit the Great Wall which are one of the most popular tourist spots in Beijing.

16.Not only Jane and Mary but also the teacher are tired of examination.

我的反思:_________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________

答案

I.单句填空

1.is

2.was

3. like

4.were

5.was

6.is

7.was

8.is

9. has been 10. are taken 11. has ;are 12.are

II.单句改错

1.know改为knows

2.are改为is

3.are改为is

4.were改为was

5.have改为has

6.have改为has

7.are改为is

8.are改为is

9.are改为is 10.are改为is 11.seem改为seems 12.have改为has 13.go改为goes 14.were改为was 15.are改为is 16.are改为is

英语语法主谓一致

蚄主谓一致 蚈1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 肈2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 螃（1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 螃I often help him and he often helps me. 聿（2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 薆The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3） （4）蒂就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 蕿并列主语的谓语一致 1. 2.芆And 羄（1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 芁Tom and Jack are close friends. （2） （3）虿两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 蚇The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （4） （5）蒁被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 肀every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 蝿Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （6） （7）肈一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 膃Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。

《主谓一致》教学设计

中考英语语法专项复习：主谓一致 教学设计 北戴河新区长白学校姜殿凤 考情分析： “主谓一致”是每年中考的必考知识点，平均每年一道题。 学情分析： 学生需要对该语法项目进行系统的归纳和总结，并灵活运用所学知识点。教师的精确点拨可以帮助学生更好地掌握语法知识。复习目标： 1.能掌握主谓一致的基本原则。 2.能在具体的练习题中总结归纳有关主谓一致的规则。 3.能体验到自主学习的重要性、探究学习并完成任务的快乐。复习重点和难点： 重点：主谓一致应遵循的三个基本原则。 难点：一些代词、集合名词等作主语时应遵循的原则。 复习策略： 自主复习合作探究精心点拨模拟演练归纳总结 教学过程： Step Ⅰ:导入 播放幻灯片“中考导航”，使学生了解“主谓一致”是中考中 的高频考点。 中考导航：

设计意图：使学生了解“主谓一致”是中考中的高频考点。Step Ⅱ:考点突破 学生探究，教师精确点拨，突破考点。 1.主谓一致的含义（幻灯片3） 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。 2.主谓一致三原则：（幻灯片4 ） ①语法一致原则： 指主语和谓语在单复数形式上的一致关系。主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式;反之,谓语动词用复数形式. Tom ___(be) a good student. They often _____(play) football on the playground.

②意义一致原则：（幻灯片5 ） 指谓语动词的单,复数要取决于主语所表达的概念,而不取决于表面上的语法标记. 指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数，但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family ____(is, are) having lunch now. Maths ____ (is, are) difficult for me. ③就近一致原则：（幻灯片6） 指当主语由两个或两个以上名词或代词组成时,谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词或代词的数一致. Not only the teacher but also his students _____(like) playing football. There ____(be) a pen and some books on the desk. 突破考点： ①名词作主语：（幻灯片7——12） 1.单数名词，不可数名词作主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词作主语，谓语用复数形式。 The desk ____(be) Tom’s. Some water____ (be) in the bottle. The students _____ (be) playing football on the playground. 2.某些集体名词，如family, team, club，class，public，group 等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语动词用单数形式，如果就其中一个个成员而言，谓语动词用复数形式。

(完整word版)主谓一致 详解 超详细

1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。

英语中的主谓一致

英语主谓一致 一般说来，谓语必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。主谓一致涉及三个方面：语法上一致，意义上一致，就近一致。 一、语法上一致 1 不可数名词、动名词、不定式、从句等做主语时，谓语通常用单数。 Much milk is offered to him. Reading aloud is very important in learning English. To nod one’s head means agreement.What they said is true. 2 and连接主语时，注意以下几点： 1）由and, both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数，但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人，同一物，同一事，同一概念时谓语用单数。 Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel. The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk. 2) 凡是由each…and each…,every…and every… ,no…and no…, many a… and many a…连接名词作主语时谓语用单数。 Each man and each woman has a chance to be raised in our company. No boy and no girl doesn’t go to school at the age of seven in this village. 3) 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时，谓语用复数。 Good and bad meat in the market are sold out. 4) 不可数名词+并列修饰语作主语时，谓语用单数。 Beer from the USA and Germany is much better that from Britain. 5) 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词，谓语用复数，如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。 The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio. The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man. 6)由and 连接的第二个名词短语表示否定或带有状语时，谓语的单复数与第一个名词一致。 The teacher, and perhaps his students too, is likely to be present. 7)What 从句的并列式作主语时，并列完整式常用复数，缩略式常用单数。 What he says and what he thinks have nothing to do with me. What I say and do is my own affair. 8) 由and 连接的两个疑问代词、不定式、动名词作主语时，根据意义一致的原则确定单复数。 When and where to build the new factory ________yet.(MET1991) A is not decided B are not decided C has not decided D have not decided 3 主语+介词（短语）：with, except, as well as, no less than, rather than, more than, over, besides, together with, like, including, in addition to等连接的名词时，谓语以介词（短语）前的主语为准，不受介词后的名词影响。 The man with hs daughters and sons is watching TV. The girls as well as the teacher are dancing. 考例：1）E-mail, as well as telephones,______ an important role in our daily life(1999上海) A playing B play C plays D have played 2) A library with five thousand books_______ to the nation as a gift.(MET 1990) A is offered B has offered C are offered D have offered 4 不定代词either, each, one, another, anyone, anybody , no one, nobody, some one, somebody, anything, nothing, something, everything, everyone, everybody, neither等作主语时，谓语用单数，none做主语时，谓语单复数均可。There is nothing wrong with the machine. Either of the shirts fits me very well. None of the farmers has (have)been abroad. 5 many a (an) +名词和more than one +名词做主语时谓语用单数。 Many an apple is in the basket. More than one stamp has been collected by her.

非谓语动词学案学生版

非谓语动词学案 授课班级______ 应到学生______ 实到学生_____课型_____ 教学目标：1. 熟悉非谓语动词的构成； 2. 能够熟练使用非谓语动词。 教学过程： 一、非谓语动词的概念 动词的基本用法是作谓语,而非谓语动词在句中不能作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。 二、非谓语动词的形式和基本用法： 1、动词不定式：to do 表示目的和将来; I have a meeting to attend. The child has nothing to worry about. He worked day and night to get the money. 2、动词的ing : doing 表示主动和进行； Can you hear her singing the song in the next room? He kept the car waiting at the gate. (While) Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. 3、动词的过去分词：done表示被动和完成。 The window was broken by the boy. Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. Praised by the neighbors, he became the pride of his parents. I heard the song sung several times last week. 三、非谓语动词的时态和语态 四、非谓语动词的否定形式 在非谓语动词前加not, never. 即not / never to do, not / never doing/ not/ never done 五、非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了 2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。

主谓一致讲解

主谓一致 一、以并列结构作主语的主谓一致 1．由and/ both… and连接的并列主语 1）Both Mr. Smith and his son (has, have) gone fishing. 2）Bread and eggs (is, are ) a good breakfast. The manager and secretary (is , are ) not here. 3) 当and 连接的名词词组有each, every 或many a等限定词时，随后的动词通常用单数。 e.g. Every girl and every boy in this room (is, are) studying hard. Many a boy (was, were) sad after seeing the film. 2.由or/ nor/ either… or/ neither…nor/ not only…but also连接的并列结构作主语，依据“就近原则” e.g. My sisters or my brother (is, are) likely to be at home. Either my father or my brothers (is, are ) coming. Not only he switches but also the old wire (has, have) been chagend. 3. 主语+ as much as/ rather than/ more than/ no less than/ as well as/ in addition to/ with/ along with/ together with/ except/ but 等引导的从属结构时，其后的动词取决于主语本身的形式e.g. Some of the workers as much as the manager (was, were) responsible for the loss. His brother rather than his parents (is, are) to blame. My wife, more than anyone else in the family (is, are ) eager to go there again. The father as well as his sons (is, are) going to the park tomorrow. No one except two girls(was, were) late for dinner. 二、数量概念名词作主语的主谓一致 1.表示确定数量的名词词组作主语 1）如被看做是一个整体，谓语动词用单数 如被看做是组成该数量的个体，谓语动词用复数 e.g. Six months (is, a re) too short a time. There (is ,are ) six coins in my pocket. 2) “分数/ 百分数+ of”的结构，谓语动词依of 后面的名词而定 e.g. Over sixty percent of the city (was, were) destroyed in the war. Thirty-five percent of the doctors (was, were ) women. 3)one in/ one out of +复数名词，谓语动词用单数 e.g. One in ten students (has, have) failed the exam. 4) 两数想减或相除，谓语动词用单数 两数相加或相乘，谓语动词单复数均可 e.g. Forty minus fifteen (leaves, leave) twenty-five.

(英语)初中英语主谓一致专题训练答案

（英语）初中英语主谓一致专题训练答案 一、主谓一致 1．- ___________ a big clock on the wall？ -Yes，but it was broken in the earthquake. A．Have you got B．Did you have C．Was there 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——有一个时钟在墙上?——是的,但是它在地震中被打破了。考查there be结构。have表示“拥有”，“there be”表示“存在”；根据on the wall可知需用there be结构，故选C。 2．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 3．It is reported that the population of China smaller in the past few months. The aging（老龄化） is a big problem. More parents are encouraged to give birth to more babies. A．became B．will become C．have become D．has become 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：据报道，中国人口在过去的几个月里已经变少了。老龄化是一个大问题。鼓励更多的父母生更多的孩子。A. became变成，一般过去时态；B. will become 将变成，一般将来时；C. have become已经变成，现在完成时；D. has become已经变成，现在完成时，第三人称单数。主语是the population，根据语境可知是现在完成时，其结构has done的形式。根据句意，故选D。 4．In our class _____ of the students _____ girls. A．third fifths; is B．third fifth; are C．three fifth; is D．three fifths; are 【答案】D 【解析】

(完整版)英语语法主谓一致课堂教学设计

11英语师本7班林晴学号：1102000125 英语语法主谓一致课堂教学设计 本节（课）教学内容分析 在英语学习中，随着学习的深入，同学们会不断发现能够充当主语的成分也越来越多，除了常见的名词，代词，还有非谓语，句子等等，那么如何使这些主语和它的谓语动词保持性，数上的一致，即谓语一致就成了我们英语学习中的一个重要课题。 依据标准 课程标准： 本学段主要通过对主谓一致三个原则就行讲解，让学生能够熟练掌握，并配以一定数量的数量，达到学以致用的效果。 本节课教学目标 （1）认知目标：掌握三大原则：语法一致，意义一致，就近原则。 （2）能力目标：能在写作，口语中熟练应用三大原则，写说或说出语法正确的语句。（3）情感目标：加强学生对英语语法的重视，培养学习的语法能力，激发学生对英语语法学习的兴趣。 学习者特征分析 （1）学生是闽南师范大学英语师范专业11级7班的大二学生； （2）语法是英语专业学生必须熟练掌握的一门学科； （3）学生对高级语法有一定的专业基础； （4）学生对有关语法的知识很感兴趣； （5）学生有足够的时间自行练习和提高。 教学重难点

教学环境设计

Step 2 Subject-verb Agreement 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 3）就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语， 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如： There is much water in the thermos. 但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如： Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year. 1 并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Readingand writing are very important. 读写很重要。 注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如： The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。 典型例题 The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting. A. is B. was C. are D. were 答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职

主谓一致和就近原则

英语语法——主谓一致 主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法形式一致；概念一致（语言内容上一致）；毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 另外，根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致，还有指代一致。 一、语法形式一致 1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如： Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好赖。 What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。 2、由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.

主谓一致1学生版

主谓语一致主要有以下几种情况： （一）and 连接两个或两个以上单数名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词有以下两种情况： 1．如果指两个或两个以上的人或物时，谓语动词用复数。He and I are both students of this school. 2. 但若连接两个以上名词指同一个人或物，或指同一概念时，谓语动词用单数。 The singer and dancer is going to give us a performance.The knife and fork is on the table. 试比较 Bread and butter is a common food for breakfast. Bread and butter are sold in this shop. (二) 如果主语后紧跟由with ; along with; together with; as well as; besides; like; without; except(but); including; not；rather than 等引起的短语时，谓语动词与主语保持一致，也就是所谓的就远原则。如 The teacher, together with his students, is planning trees in the streets. Mary, like many girls, loves dancing.All the students , including Tom, are leaving.No one except(but) me knows about it. (三) 如果主语是动词不定式，动词ing形式或主语从句时。谓语动词用单数。 What he is doing seems very important.Collecting stamps is his hobby. （四）如果两个主语由or; either…or; neither…nor; not only …but also，连接时，谓语动词与靠近的主语保持一致。也就是所谓的就近原则。如： Neither you nor I am wrong. Not only the students but also the teacher wishes for a holiday. （五）不定代词all , more , most, some, any. None做主语，谓语动词视情况而定。 All of the apples are rotten. All of the apple is rotten None of the money is left. None of the students were there. （六）the rest of ; half of; part of; majority of ; percent of ; one third of, + 名词，谓语动词与后面的名词保持一致。如Half of the students have finished their compositions. Half of the fruit is bad. About 60 percent of the work is done. （七）集合名词做主语、谓语动词可用数，也可以用复数，主要有句子意思或上下文决定。强调整体谓语动词用单数，强调其中的一个各成员谓语动词用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有：people, public, family, class, crowd, population, team, group等。例如： His family is going outing. His family are all music lovers. （八）不定代词做主语，谓语动词一律用单数。 Someone is asking for you. Nothing is found in the room. （九）a lot of(lots of), plenty of, a large quantity of +名词的词组后面的名词是中心词，谓语动词根据短语动词后面的名词的数而定。A lot of film stars were present at the meeting. A lot of money has been saved. (十) a great deal of ; a large amount of + 不可数名词，谓语动词用单数 （十一）1、a number of＋可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。 A number of books are lent out from the library every day. 2、the number of ＋可数名词复数，谓语动词用单数。 The number of the students present is not known. 3、numbers of ＋可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数。 Numbers of people have come from all parts of the country to see the exhibition. (十二) there be 句型中，谓语动词一般和最近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen and three books on the table.There are three books on the desk. （十三）有些名词，单、复数同形，做主语时，其谓语动词按上、下文来决定。这一类名词有：means, works, (工厂) deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese 等Not every means is useful.Not all means are useful.There is a chemical works near the river. （十四）every… and every…; each… and each…;no…and no… many a …and many a …在以上短语中and 连接的单数名词，整个短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 Every boy and every girl in the class is diligent.No sound and no voice is heard. （十五）many a; more than one; one and a half与单数名词组成的词组，习惯上也用单数。 Many a boy has seen it. One and a half apples is enough. （十六）the ＋形容词（表示一类人）做主语时。谓语动词常用复数。 The young are between 18 and 22. （十七）表示时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的复数名词做主语时，谓语动词常用单数。即把主语当作一个整体来看。 Thirty years is not a long time. Three hours is enough to do the work. （十八）加、减、乘、除算式中，谓语动词常用单数。Two plus two is four. （十九）书刊、报纸、国名等做主语时，谓语动词用单数“Noble houses ”is a good book.. (二十) 如果主语是“a (this ,that) kind of + 名词”的结构，其谓语动词要用单数形式；如果主语是“kinds of +名词”或者“复数名词+of(this, that)kind”结构，谓语动词要用复数形式。 This kind of apples sells better than apples of that kind.This kind of women is hard to deal with. Men of this kind are dangerous. There are four kinds of machine here.

l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解

主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉

a quantity ofquantities of主谓一致问题

a quantity of/quantities of主谓一致问题 主谓一致是高中英语考试的重要考点之一，其中不乏难题，尤其是带有限定词的名词短语作主语时，最难选择谓语的单复数形式。例如，“a quantity of +名词”作主语时，谓语是用单数还是用复数就让广大考生困惑不已，因为目前的教辅读物中众说纷纭，矛盾重重，让人莫衷一是，到底是用单数还是用复数呢？且看下文： 问题篇： 下述几例选自学生中很有市场的几种教辅读物，他们的结论让学生误入歧途： 1.《高中专项无敌---语法》（新疆青少年出版社---王建村） （P74） a large quantity of 不管后面跟可数名词还是不可数名词，都要用单数动词，比较： Large quantities of money have been sent there. A large quantity of books has been offered to us. 2．《各个击破丛书（高中英语专项）---语法》（延边人民出版社---王建军） （数词与主谓一致p24） A (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 例如：A large quantity of people is needed here. (large) quantities of修饰可数或不可数名词，其短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数。 例如：Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table.

专家观点： 1.徐广联在《大学英语语法讲座与测试》（华东理工大学出版社）中表示， a quantity of 只能修饰不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。 A quantity of 间或也可以修饰可数名词，例如， A quantity of baskets were on sale. 2.张怀信在《英语高考活用图解辞典》（延边大学出版社）中讲到， a large/small quantity of 大量的 / 少量的（可以修饰可数名词或不可数名词），例如， I need a large quantity of oil (apples). quantities of 大批的，大量的，例如， Large quantities of polluted water are flowing into the sea. 该书所附〈语法祥解篇 --- 主谓一致〉还明确指出“在以上（ a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of + 名词）的词组后面的名词是中心词，谓语动词根据后面的名词的数而定”。 3.顾南华在《中高级英语考试指南》（华中工学院出版社）中说， a quantity of, quantities of 可跟可数名词与不可数名词 , 并举有三例： There is a large quantity of milk. Great quantities of fish are caught on the high sea. Large quantities of water are needed for cooling purposes. 在 452 页讲到“ a quantity of + 不可数名词”，谓语只用单数，“ quantities of + 可数与不可数名词”，谓语要用复数。 4.章振邦在《新编英语语法》（上海译文出版社） 212 页中讲到， a quantity of 既可用于复数可数名词，也可用于不可数名词。例如 , A large quantity of flowers were heaped on the martyr’s tomb. A