高考虚拟语气讲义及练习

1、掌握虚拟语气在非真实条件句、主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语

从句、状语从句中的运用；

2、了解几种特殊的虚拟语气

一、非真实条件句中的虚拟语气

(if)条件状语从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式

与现在事实相反一般过去式（be—were）would/could/might/should+do

与过去事实相反过去完成时had+done would/could/might/should+have done

与将来事实相反①一般过去式

②should+do

③were to do would/could/might/should+do

教学目标语法梳理

1.I am not free today. If I

free today , I and visit some of my friends .

A. am will go

B. were, would go

C. shall be

D. be, must go

2. If my lawyer ___ here last Saturday, he __ me from going .

A. had been, would have prevented

B. had been, would prevent

C. were, would prevent

D. were, would have prevented

3.If I were to see Tom, what ___ you ___ me to tell him?

A. are, going to ask

B. do, ask

C. would, ask

D. did, ask

二、宾语从句中的虚拟语气

1. wish 后面宾语从句中的虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的愿望。其表达形式一般是将从句的谓语动词退后一个时态。

ege: I wish I were (be) as healthy as you.

I wish that I had (have) a plane.

ege: I wish I had been to (have been to) the concert last night. I wish you had written (write) to him.

考点直击

①与现在事实相反 : wish + (that)+did(were)

②与过去事实相反 : wish + (that)+had done

③与将来事实相反: wish + would/could/might+do

I wish he would forgive me.

ege: I wish he would come (come) soon.

2.在某些动词后的宾语从句中需用should+动词原形的虚拟语气形式。“should”可以省略。

常见的动词有:一个坚持insist; 两个命令order, command ; 三条建议suggest , advise, propose;

四项要求demand, request, require, ask;另外有:prefer

注意: suggest表“暗示表明”时；insist表“坚持认为”时不用虚拟语气

ege: He ordered that the students (should) wash (wash) the clothes every week by themselves.

The doctor suggested that she (should) have (have) an operation at once.

考点直击

1.I went to bed early last night,but I wish I so.

A. didn’t do

B. hadn’t done

C.haven’t done

D. couldn’t do

2.How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden.

A.has

B.had

C.will had

D.had had

3. The teacher ordered that students_______.

A. mustn’t smoke

B. not smoke

C. smoked

D. had smoked

4.The teacher demanded that the work _____ before 4 o’clock.

A. finished

B. finish

C. should finish

D. be finished

三、主语从句中的虚拟语气（基本句型）：

①It be+过去分词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…

过去分词有：suggested, requested, ordered, proposed…

ege: It is required that nobody (should) smoke (smoke) here.

It’s suggested that everybody (should) buy (buy) a dictionary.

②It be+形容词+that…+(should)+动词原形+…

形容词有:important, necessary, natural, right, wrong, better,proper, funny, strange, surprising…

ege: It is necessary that we (should ) have (have) a walk now.

It's important that we (should) take (take) good care of the patient.

③It be+名词（a pity/a shame/ no wonder）that…+ (should)+动词原形+…

ege: It is a pity that he should take part in (take part in) the sports.

1.Is it necessary that he _____ the examination?

A. takes

B. has to take

C. must take

D. take

2.It is strange that he _____ you this.

A. would tell

B. should tell

C. had told

D. has told

3.It was ordered that no smoking ____ in the library.

A. should allow

B. be allowed

C. will be allowed

D. is allowed

四、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气

在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice ,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即（should）+动词原形。

1)表语从句:My suggestion is that we (should) leave (leave) at once.

2)同位语从句:I make a proposal that we (should) hold (hold) a meeting next week.

考题点击：

1.His suggestion that you _____ once more sounds reasonable.

A. try

B. tries

C. must try

D. can try

2.He gave an advice that they ____ each other.

A. helped

B. must help

C.help

D.had helped

3.My suggestion is that a few more people ___ there to help me.

A. be sent

B. have sent

C. sent

D. should sent

五、状语从句中的虚拟语气

1、用在由as if,as though引导的状语从句中，表示和现在事实相反或对现在

的怀疑，用过去时；表示过去想象中的动作或情况，用过去完成时;表示将来用would + 动词原形。

ege: It seems as if the man were (be) his brother.

This device operated as though it had been (be) repaired.

2.用在lest, for fear that和in case引导的状语从句中，这时谓语动词用

should+动词原形。

She closed the windows lest she catch cold.

1. We felt as if we _____ each other for years.

A.knew

B.were knowing

C.had known

D.have knowing

2. He took away the oxygen tank for fear that it ______.

A. may explore

B.exploded

C. explode

D.had explode

五、几种特殊的虚拟语气

1) 虚拟倒装句

1. If it were not for their help,we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

= Were it not for their help,we couldn’t have got over the difficulties.

2. If I had known about it,I would have told you.

= Had I known about it,I would have told you.

3. If anyone should call, please take a message.

= Should anyone call, please take a message.

What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank?

A.Bob had walked farther

B. if Bob should walk farther

C. had Bob walked farther

D. if Bob walked farther

考点直击

考点直击

2) 错综条件句

If you hadn’t bought (buy) the ticket last week, how would you go (go)now?

考点直击

If you _____ him yesterday, you _____ what to do now.

A.asked; would know

B. had asked; would have known

C. asked him; know

D. had asked; would know

3) 介词短语表条件

But for your help, we couldn’t have succeeded.

Nothing could live without the sun.

考点直击

Without your help, we ____ such rapid progress.

A. couldn’t make

B. wouldn’t make

C. will not have made

D. wouldn’t h ave made

4) 情境中提供虚拟语气

Suppose there were no gravity, objects would not fall to the ground when dropped.

She wasn’t feeling very well. Otherwise she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early.

考点直击

I went by plane; otherwise I ____ much longer time.

A.could take

B.would take

C.will have taken

D.would have taken

5) 比较if only与only if

only if表示“只有”；

ege: I wake up only if the alarm clock rings.

if only 则表示“如果……就好了”。其从句中的谓语动词用过去时或过去完成时。

ege: If only I knew more.

If only the alarm clock had rung.

if only 也可用于陈述语气。

If only he comes early.

考点直击

If only grandmother ____ this together with us now.

A.will see

B.could see

C.must see

D.should see

6) It’s (high/low) time 从句：

It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。

ege：It is time that the children went to bed.

It is high time that the children should go to bed.

类似的结构为would rather 从句：

I would rather you attended the meeting this afternoon.

考点直击

It is time that you _________ the whole book.

A.must go over

B.can go over

C.went over

D.have gone over

7) 其它手段

1．He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it .（连词）

2．I might have given you more help , but I was too busy .（连词）3．Given more time, we could have done it better .（分词短语）4．… … Such mistakes could have been avoided .（通过上下文）

过手练习

1．I enjoyed the movie very much．I wish I the book from which it was made．A．have read B．had read C．should have read D．am reading 2．Y ou are late．If you a few minutes earlier,you him．A．came；Would meet B．had come；Would have met

C．come；Will meet D．had come；would meet

3．I can’t stand him．He always talks as though he everything·A．knew B．knows C．has know D．had known 4．His doctor suggested that he short trip abroad．

A．will take B．would take C．take D．took

5．We might have failed if you us a helping hand．

A．have not given B．would not give C．had not given D．did not give

6．The law requires that everyone his car checked at least once a month．A．has B．have C．had D．will have 7．He was busy yesterday，otherwise he to the meeting．

A．would come B．would have been C．could have been D．would be

8．If there were no subjunctive mood，English much easier．A．will be B．would have been C．could have been D．would be

9．the fog，we should have reached our schoo1．

A．Because of B．In spite of C．In case of D．But for 10．—What will you do during winter vacation?

—I don’t know，but it’s about time something·

A．I decided B．I’ll decide C．I’d decided D．I’m deciding 11．He was very busy yesterday，otherwise，he to your birthday party．A．would come B．came C．would have come D．should come 12．The two strangers talked as if they friends for years．

A．should be B．had been C．have been D．were 13．Look! What you’ve done!Y ou have been more careful．A．should B．may C．ought D．would 14．Without electricity，what ?

A．will the world be like B．would the world be like

C．the world will be like D．the World Would be like

15．With your ability，you out the puzzle within a few minutes．A．could have worked B．need have worked

B．C．ought have worked D．must have worked

16．My suggestion is that the sick boy to hospital as soon as possible．A．is taken B．must be taken C．be taken D．has to be taken 17．If we had not missed the bus，we lunch at home now．

A．would have had B．would have

C．must be having D．would be having

18．here yesterday，he would attend the lecture with us today．A．Had he been B．If he were C．Were he D．Should be he 19．His tired face suggested that he really tired after the 1ong walk．A．had been B．was C．be D．should be

20．Do you feel that I the problem in a different way the other day?

A．should come B．should have solved C．have solved D．solved 21．0ur chairman hasn’t come yet．If he on time，we would have to put off the meeting．

A．should come B．would come C．shouldn’t come D．doesn’t come

22．He insisted that he really very tried and that he to have a rest．A．was；be allowed B．was；must be allowed

C．should be；must be allowed D．should be；be allowed

23．He did his best in everything；he would not have been what he was．A．and B．but C．otherwise D．but that

24．I do I could give you a hand．

A．hope B．wish C．expect D．think

25．I Would rather she tomorrow than today．

A．come B．came C．should D．has come 26．The guard at the gate insisted that everybody the rules．

A．obeys B．obey C．will obey D．Would obey

27．I her if I thought she would understand．

A．would tell B．will tell C．Would have to1d D．told

28．The teacher requires Rose by heart 15 English words each day．A．1earn B．to learn C．must learn D．1earning 29．—If he ，he that food．

—Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y．

A．Was warmed；would not take B．had been warmed；wou1d not have taken

C．would be warmed；had not taken D．would have been warmed；had not taken

30．Without electricity human life quite different today．

A．is B．will be C．would have been D．Would be

虚拟语气

l-5 BBACC 6-10 BBDDA 11-15 CBABA 16-20 CDABBD 21-25 CACBB 26-30 BCBBD

强化训练

1．Were it not for the snowy weather, we __________all right.

A. would be

B. would have been

C. were

D. may be

2. ________more careful, his ship would not have sunk.

A. If the captain were

B. Had the captain been

C. Should the captain be

D. If the captain would have been

3. If he _________ me tomorrow, I would let him know.

A. should call

B. should not have been able

C. were not able

D. are not able

4. If you asked your father, you ______________ permission.

A. may get

B. might get

C. should have called

D. maybe get

5. _____________today, he would get there by Friday.

A. Would he leave

B. Was he leaving

C. Were he to leave

D. If he leaves

6. ______I you, I would go with him to the party.

A. Was

B. Had been

C. Will be

D. Were

7. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he ____________our chairman now.

A. must have been

B. would have been

C. were

D. would be

8. ____________ the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday

A. In spite of

B. But for

C. Because of

D. As for

9. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____________your advice

A. follow

B. would follow

C. had followed

D. have followed

10. If the horse won today, it _____________ thirty races in five years.

A. would have won

B. won

C. must have won

D. did have won

11. There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _______a sudden loud noise.

A. being there

B. should there be

C. there was

D. there having been

12. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d______________ there by now.

A. be

B. circles

C. is circling

D. be circling

13. I wish I ______ with her.

A. would be

B. am

C. was

D. were

14. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I___________ to it.

A. had not gone

B. have not gone

C. did not go

D. can not have gone

15. George would certainly have attended the meeting, ___________ .

A. if he didn’t get a flat tire

B. if the flat tire hadn’t happened

C. had he not had a flat tire

D. had the tire not flattened itself

16. The teacher suggested that her students __________ experiences with ESP.

A. write a composition on their

B. to write composition about the

C. wrote some compositions of his or her

D. had written any compositions for his

17. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ________a Chinese.

A. were

B. had been

C. is

D. has been

18. Looking round the town, he felt as though he _________ away for ages.

A. has been

B. was

C. is

D. had been

19. Most insurance agents would rather you _________ anything about collecting

claims until they investigate the situation.

A. do

B. don’t

C. didn’t

D. didn’t do

20. It is important that the TOEFL office ________ your registration.

A. will confirm

B. confirm

C. confirms

D. must confirm

21. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology

__________.

A. will not have been achieved

B. have not been achieved

C. would not have been achieved

D. had not been achieved

22. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ____________a Chinese.

A. were

B. had been

C. is

D. has been

23. It is time that the government __________measures to protect the rare birds and animals.

A. takes

B. took

C. has taken

D. taking

24. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every

applicant ________ all diplomas from elementary school to university.

A. has

B. will have

C. should have

D. must have

25. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _____ to the meeting.

A. would come

B. came

C. would have come

D. had come

26. If I had seen the movie, I ___________ you all about it now.

A. would tell

B. will tell

C. have told

D. would have told

27. I had hoped that John _______ a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.

A. spends

B. spent

C. would spend

D. will spend

28. It’s high time they____________ this road.

A. mend

B. mended

C. must have mended

D. will mend

29. It’s about time people______ notice of what women did during the w ar.

A. take

B. took

C. have taken

D. will take

30. He’s working hard for fear that he_____________ .

A. should fall behind

B. fell behind

C. may fall behind

D. would fall behind

31. In the past men generally preferred that their wives___________ in the home.

A. worked

B. would work

C. work

D. were working

32. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires

that the child _____ psychologically ready for the new idea.

A. is

B. were

C. be

D. would be

33. Y our advice that_________ till next week is reasonable.

A. she waits

B. she wait

C. wait she

D. she waited

34. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.

A. sing

B. singed

C. had signed

D. were signing

35. I advised that the sick child ________ a hospital as soon as possible.

A. should send to

B. should be sent

C. be went to

D. must be sent to

36. The workers in the factory demanded that their pay ________ be 20 percent.

A. be raised

B. would be raised

C. raised

D. raise

37. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody ________ the rules.

A. obeys

B. obey

C. will obey

D. would obey

38. My suggestion is that she ________ more exercise, which will do a lot of

good to her.

A. takes

B. must take

C. take

D. took

39. If only I ________ driving before.

A. learn

B. learned

C. had learned

D. would learn

40. ________ she ________ yesterday, she would meet the famous singer today.

A. If, didn’t leave

B. Had not, left

C. Hadn’t, left

D. Didn’t, leave

答案

1 ~ 20: ABABC DDBCA BADAC AADDB

21 ~ 40: CDBCC ACBBA CCBAC ABCCC

高考直击

1. --- If he _____, he _____ that food.

--- Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.

A. was warned; would not take

B. had been warned; would not have taken

C. would be warned; had not take

D. would have been warned; had not taken

2. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _____, she would have met my brother.

A. has come

B. did come

C. came

D. had come

3. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _____.

A. breaks

B. has broken

C. were broken

D. had been broken

4. Y ou didn’t let me drive. If we _____ in turn, you _____ so tired.

A. drove; di dn’t get

B. drove; wouldn’t get

C. were driving; wouldn’t get

D. had driven; wouldn’t have got

5. Y esterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she _____

something she would regret later.

A. had said

B. said

C. might say

D. might have said

6. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he _____ a goal.

A. had scored

B. scored

C. would score

D. would have scored

7. What would have happened, _____ as far as the river bank?

A. Bob had walked farther

B. if Bob should walk farther

C. had Bob walked farther

D. if Bob walked farther

8. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at

the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen

B. had not fallen

C. should fall

D. were to fall

9. _____ be sent to work there?

A. What do you suggest

B. Who do you suggest that should

C. Do you suggest who should

D. Do you suggest whom should

10.How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden!

A. has

B. had

C. will have

D. had had

11. --- Don't you think it necessary that he _______ to Miami but to New Y ork?

--- I agree, but the problem is ________ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that

B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what

D. should not send; what

Keys: BDCDD DCBAB B

虚拟语气高考历年真题汇总

虚拟语气专项练习(高考真题之虚拟语气) 1.(1995年14)When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it . A.breaks B.has broken C.were broken D.had been broken 2.（1996年全国卷I19）You didn't let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired. A. drove, didn't get B. drove; wouldn't get C. were driving; wouldn't get D. had driven; wouldn't have got 3.(2000年上海卷43) ---do you mind if I keep pets in this building? ---____. A. I'd rather you didn't, actually. B. Of course not, it's not allowed there. C. Great! I love pets. D. No, you can't. 4.(2000年上海卷60)If you had _____your test paper carefully before handing it in, you would have made fewer mistakes. A. looked up B. thought about C. gone over D. gone round 5.(2001上海卷40)What would have happened______, as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther 6.(2002上海春招31)How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden. A. has B. had C. will have D. had had 7.(2002上海秋37)It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I __________ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown. A. wouldn’t have B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall fallen 8.(2002上海秋39)__________ be sent to work there? A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should 9.(04上海春招)You might just as well tell the manufacturer that male customers ___ not like the design of the furniture. A. must B. shall C. may D. need 10.(04广西)I often see lights in that empty house. Do you think I _____ report it to the police? A. should B. may C. will D. can 11.(04辽宁)-Mum , I've been studying English since 8 o'clock. ＿＿I go out and play with Tom for a while ? A -No, I'm afraid not . Besides , it's raining outside now . A．Can't B．Wouldn't C．May not D．Won't 12.(04天津)- Who is the girl standing over there ? - Well , if you ＿＿know , her name is Mabel . A. may B. can C. must D. shall 13.(04浙江)I ____ pay Tracy a visit, but I am not sure whether I will have time this Sunday. A. should B. might C. would D. could

英语高考虚拟语气专项练习60题(附)

一．虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1. 表示与现在事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：一般过去时（虚拟语气中be→were）主句用：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。 If we had time now, we would read it again. If I were you, I would work hard. 2. 表示与过去事实相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：had+过去分词；主句：would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词。 If he had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the test. If I had known your telephone number then, I would have called you. 3. 表示与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生：条件状语从句：①一般过去时②should +动词原形③were to+动词原形；主句：would(should, could, might)+动词原形。 If it should rain, the crops would be saved. If it were to snow tomorrow, they would not go out. P.S 虚拟条件句的特殊情况 (1). 混合/错综型虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，称为‘错综条件句’，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整。 If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.(从句说的是过去，主句是现在) If I were you, I would have taken his advice.(从句是现在，主句是过去) （2）省略if的虚拟语气

考研英语虚拟语气讲义与练习

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