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2017年高考英语二轮复习核心考点总动员专题06形容词(含解析)

专题 06 形容词

关键词：形容词的基本用法，形容词的比较等级，形容词构词法，形容词辨析。

难度系数：????

推荐指数：?????

【基础回顾】

考点归纳：

形容词是高考必考考点之一，主要考查以下几个方面：

1.形容词的基本用法。形容词在句中可以充当成分，表语，定语，状语，补语。

2.形容词的比较级和最高级。尤其是倍数表达法，须重点掌握。

3.形容词的构词法。尤其是-ed形容词和-ing形容词的用法区别是常考的语法点。

4.一些常见的易混形容词的辨析。

基础必读：

形容词用来修饰名词或代词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征。它的作用十分重要，是需要每一个考生认真学习的一种词类。

常考必备点一. 形容词的基本用法（基本功能）：

1.句中做定语：

He has never seen such a more interesting film.他从来没有看过这么有趣的电影。（前置定语）

He is the happiest person alive.他是世上最快乐的人。（后置定语）

温馨提示：

形容词做定语后置的情况有：

①形容词修饰something, nothing anything everything等不定代词时要后置。②present 作“出席的”时只作后置定语。③表语形容词如alive, asleep, awake, alone等只能作后置定语。④形容词短语修饰名词作主语时要后置。⑤用and或or连接的形容词作定语时要后置，起强调作用

2.句中做表语：

I’m fine, but tired.我身体很好，但很累。

The weather is getting warmer and warmer.天气变得越来越暖和。

3.句中做主语（宾语）补足语：

The fish was caught alive.这条鱼是活抓的。（主语补足语）

Now you have to pull it to make the surface smooth

现在你必须拉动它以使表面像这样的光滑。（宾语补足语） 4.句中做状语：

He spent 7days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry. 他在风雪中度过了7天，又冷又饿。

She stared into the distance, speechless for a long time. 她盯着远处看，好长时间不讲话。

5. 与定冠词连用表示某一类人或物，在句中可作主语、宾语：

The rich and the poor live very different lives.富人和穷人过着不同的生活。常考必备点二. 形容词的比较等级：

1.形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则。分为规则和不规则两种变化规则的：

不规则的：

温馨提示：在用比较级时注意以下常用句型：

1）同级比较时常常用as…as…以及n ot so(as)…as…

She is as tall as her mother.

I am not as/ so good a player as you are.

2）表示一方不及另一方时，用“less + 原级+ than”的结构表示

This room is less beautiful than that one.

3）the + 比较级， the + 比较级表示“越……，就越……”。

It’s believed that the harder you work, the better result you’ll get. 4）比较级 + 比较级表示“越来越……”。

Our country is getting stronger and stronger.

5）用the last表示“最不可能的”、“最不适合的”、“最不希望的”等。

The last thing I want to do is to offend you.我最不愿意做的就是惹你生气。He is the last man I want to see.他是我最不希望见的人。

6）否定词+比较级表示最高级（肯定意义）

I can’t agree with you more.

我再同意你的意见不过了（我完全同意你的意见）。

7）no＋比较级＋than表示“和……一样不”。

He is no taller than his brother.

2.形容词的倍数表达法：

三种常见倍数表达法：

1）倍数 + as + 原级形容词 + as ...。

This road is three times as long as that one.

2）倍数 + the +名词（size / length / width / depth / height …）+of ...。

The river is five times the width of that one.

3）倍数 + 比较级 + than + 被比较对象。

The sun is a million times larger than the earth.

常考必备点三. 形容词的构词法：

1.构成形容词的常见后缀：

名词+y：wind-windy有风的名词+able：comfort-comfortable舒服的名词+al：nation-national民族的

名词+en：wood-wooden木制的动词+ent：differ-different不同的名词+ish：fool-foolish愚蠢的

动词+ive：impress-impressive印象深刻的名词+ful：power-powerful强有力的peace-peaceful和平的

名词+ous：danger-dangerous危险的名词+ly：friend-friendly友好的month-monthly每月的

2.复合形容词的构成规则：

温馨提示：

以-ing 和-ed 结尾的形容词的区别

1）. 以-ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人…的”，常作定语；主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。

The man is very interesting. 这个人很有趣。

2）. 以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）感到…的”，常作表语；通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事

物相关的人。

I am excited. 我感到激动。

Many people got touched by her story. 很多人为她的故事所触动。

常考必备点四. 易混形容词辨析：

1．actual / real / true

actual：实际的，现实的。

Could you offer us the actual figures? （您能否为我们提供实际的数字？）

real：真的。与“假的”相对。指物品的外表与实质一致，不是仿造或模型之类的东西。Give your real name.

Was it a real man you saw or a ghost? （你看到的是真的人还是鬼魂？）

true：真实的，真诚的，真正的。指现实中存在的而不是想象或虚构的东西，多用来修饰抽象名词。

I don’t think what he has said is true.（我认为他说的话不是真的。）

再比较三个句子：

He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.（不到长城非好汉。）

Is it true that the plastic model in your shop is as big as a real girl?

(你商店里的塑料模特与真实的女孩一样大是真的吗？)

It’s a true story, based on actual events. (这是个基于现实的真实故事。)

2. alone / lonely

alone：单独的（多作表语或状语），多指客观上的。lonely：孤独的，寂寞的；荒凉的（多作定语或表语），多指主观上的。

At that time he lived alone on the lonely island. Though he was alone, he did not feel lonely. In fact, he enjoyed his life there. （当时他孤身一人住在荒岛上。尽管他孤独一人，可他并没有感到寂寞。实际上，他很喜欢那里的生活。）

3. asleep / sleepy / sleeping

asleep：睡着的。表示状态，只当表语或后置定语。fall asleep表动作。

The baby is now asleep.（这个孩子睡着了。）

She did not fall asleep until daybreak. （她到拂晓才入睡。）

sleepy：困的，昏昏欲睡的。

The baby is sleepy; its head is nodding.（这个孩子很困，他一直在点头打瞌睡。）

sleeping：正在睡觉的。表示正在睡觉的动作。例如：

Don’t shout! You may wake up the sleeping baby.

4. farther / further

farther：更远，far的比较级。further：①更远，也是far的比较级；②更进一步，更深一层。作为“更远”，二者可以通用。若表示“更进一步，更深一层”，只能用further。例如：

He was too tired to walk any farther/further.（他太累了再也走不动了。）

The problem must be further discussed next time.（这个问题下一次必须要进一步的讨论。）

Mr. Wang went abroad for further study last year.（王先生去年去国外深造了。）

5. possible / probable / likely

possible，probable和likely都有“可能的”的意思。possible和probable只能以物或事情作主语，常用“It is ~ (for sb) to do sth或It is ~ that …”句型，probable 的可能性较大；likely的主语可以是人、事或物，还有一个固定短语：be likely to do，有可能做……

“他很可能会来。”这句话可以有以下几种表达：

He is likely to come this afternoon.

It is likely that he will come this afternoon.

It is possible that he’ll come.

It is probable that he’ll come.

6. worth / worthy

worth和worthy都是形容词，都有“值得的”的意思。worth后接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，或接表示钱数或相当于“代价”的比喻性名词，只当作表语；worthy可以作表语（后接of，再接名词或动名词的被动形式，或直接跟不定式的被动形式），可以作定语（是“有价值的、可尊敬的”的意思）。

It is worth every penny of it. （所花的每分钱都值得。）

Smith is a worthy gentleman. （史密斯是个可敬的人。）

“这地方值得参观。”可以有以下几种不同表达：

The place is worth visiting.

The place is worthy of a visit.

The place is worthy of being visited.

The place is worthy to be visited.

【技能方法】

形容词的考查比较多样化，面也很广，所以需要重点去学习。

解答此类试题，可以从以下几个方面着手考虑：

1.了解形容词的基本功能，从句子成分的判断着手，根据不同成分来选用相应的形容词。

2.深入理解形容词的构词法，根据构词法来进行题目要求的词性转换。

3.铭记形容词的固定用法和固定句型。

4.归纳整理熟记易混的形容词，巧解形容词辨析题。

【基础达标】

1．He felt ________ （shame）of cheating in the exam, deciding never to do such things again.

【答案】ashamed

2．The visitors looked quite ________（impress） by the beautiful view at the top of Mount Tai.

【答案】impressed

【解析】

试题分析：句意：泰山顶上的美景给游客留下了非常深刻的印象，impressed留下印象的。3．From his ________（confuse） look, we could see that the professor hadn’t expected that we could raise such ________ （confuse）questions to him.

【答案】confused; confusing

【解析】

试题分析：句意：从他困惑的表情，我们能看出那位教授并没有想到我们会提出如此令人困惑的问题。confusing令人困惑的；confused感到困惑的。

4．What you have acted shows the position is not ________(suit) for someone like you. That is to say, you have lost the chance.

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affectvt.影响，感动 afterward(s)adv.后来，以后，随后 agentn.代理人，代理商 agriculturen.农业，农艺，农学 aheadv.在前，向前，提前 aidn.帮助，救护，助手 aimvi.瞄准，针对，致力 aircraftn.飞机，飞行器 alarmn.惊恐，忧虑，警报albumn.集邮本，照相簿，唱片alcoholn.酒精，乙醇 altogetheradv.完全，总而言之 amazevt.使惊奇，使惊愕 ambitionn.雄心，抱负，野心 amountn.总数，数量，和 amusevt.逗…乐，给…娱乐 analyzevt.分析，分解，解析 ancestorn.祖宗，祖先 angern.怒，愤怒vt.使发怒 anglen.角，角度 anniversaryn.周年纪念日 announcevt.宣布，发表

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