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On Population Explosion

On Population Explosion
On Population Explosion

On Population Explosion

The human race has experienced a consistent increase in population since the beginning of its history. Too many people are added annually to the population of the world. Famine and diseases have done little to offset this steady increase. In this essay, both the results of having more people and solutions to the critical population problem will be studied carefully.

In poor countries, it is dif?cult to provide enough food to feed even the present number of people. In addition, education to limit the number of children per family is not always successful. Poorer countries usually have a lot of unemployment too, and an increase in population simply makes the situation worse.

In rich, industrialized and developing countries, it is very dif?cult for governments to provide effective public services in overcrowded cities. Moreover, there is usually a great deal of crime, which is often due to high rates of unemployment. Further large increase in population only causes more overcrowding, unemployment and crime.

Besides, overpopulation is the major reason for water, soil and air pollution. It is also often the cause of starvation and even wars. In my opinion, there are two main weapons to fight against the population problem. The most important weapon we have to ?ght population growth is education. This should start at a very early age, i.e. before children even go to school. TV cartoons and children’s programs can be used to educate the very young. At high school level, students can be taught about the problem more directly. At university level, scholarships should be made available to students who wish to study further in this field. International exchange groups may also help to increase awareness. The second weapon is birth control, every woman who is pregnant, but who does not want to give birth, should be allowed by law to have an abortion.

In China, couples are penalized financially if they have more than one child. This may seem cruel, but the “one-child policy” is beginning to have an effect in the world’s most populous nation. Eventually, similar policies might also be necessary in other crowded nations such as India, for example.

The world’s population may reach 8.7 billion in 2033. If th e population explosion continues, many more people will die of starvation in poor countries, and life in the cities, even in af?uent nations, will become increasingly dif?cult. Facing such a serious situation, we must make every effort to ?nd a way out so as to save the mankind and save the world.

★用词亮点

offset:补偿,抵消

abortion:堕胎

penalize:判罚

populous:人口稠密的

affluent:富裕的

★句式亮点

Moreover, there is usually a great deal of crime, which is often due to high rates of unemployment.

本句包含which引导的非限制性定语从句,其中which指代的是整个主句,即there is usually a great deal of crime。本句句意为:此外,(那些发达国家)有很多的犯罪活动,这通常都是由高失业率造成的。

If the population explosion continues, many more people will die of starvation in poor countries, and life in the cities, even in affluent nations, will become increasingly difficult.

本句为条件状语从句。在主句中,作者使用and连接的并列句,介绍了如果人口爆炸持续下去的话,在贫穷国家和富裕国家会造成的不同后果,这样的分类集中于一个句子中,不仅可以使得论述完整,而且结构上也更为紧凑。本句句意为:如果人口爆炸继续下去的话,那么在贫穷的国家,更多人都将饿死,而在城市中人们的生活也将愈加困难,即使是在富裕的国家也是如此。

★篇章亮点

本文结构清晰,语言言简意赅。第一段提出人口爆炸这一社会现状,由此引出主题句:Therefore, both the causes of population increase and the results of having more people are worth careful study. 在接下来的两段中,作者详细分析了人口爆炸所带来的问题,值得注意的是,作者按照地域将这部分内容分为两类:贫穷国家和富裕国家,并分别展开讨论,这显然是考虑到人口爆炸这一问题在贫穷国家和富裕国家所产生的后果是不同的,这一分类使得全文的论述更为细致有序。从篇幅可以看出,作者将重点放在了提出建议这部分。作者一共提出两条建议:教育和控制出生人口。在教育方面,作者又将其细分为小学阶段、高中阶段、大学阶段以及国际交流层面;在控制出生人口方面,作者主要举了在中国实行计划生育的例子。可见,分类论证和举例论证是本文所采用的两大论证方式,尤其是分类论证,在考生的作文中并不多见,是本文的一大特色。

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Population

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不定代词用法总结

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不定代词用法总结

不定代词用法总结-标准化文件发布号:(9556-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

不定代词用法总结 1) some, any, no的用法 a. some和any通常用于表示不定数或不定量,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。some表示“几个;一些;部 分”,多用于肯定句;而any表示“一些;什么;任何;”,对用于否定句或疑问句中。如: * He asked me some questions. (他问了我几个问题。) * Some of the bread has been eaten. (面包已吃了一些。) * Are there any stamps in this post office (这个邮局里有邮票吗?) * I didn’t have any cigarettes, so I went out to buy some. (我没有香烟了,所以出去买了一些。) b. 刚才我们说some一般用于肯定句而any一般用于否定句和疑问句。但有时也有例外。这要根据句子意思来 看。 * I could not answer some of his questions. (我不能回答他的某些问题。) (some用在否定句中表示“一些;部分”。如果说成:I could not answer any of his questions.意思就变了,它表示“我不能回答他的任何问题。”) * Will you get me some apples on your way back (你回来的路上能给我带一些苹果吗?) (some用在疑问句中大多表示“请求” 或“建议”) * Let me know if you hear any news. (如果你有任何消息请告诉我。) (any用在条件从句中表示“任何”) * “What would you like to drink” “Any will do.” (“你想喝什么?”“哪种都行。”) (any在这里表示“任何”) c. no在句子中作定语,表示否定,意思是“没有;不是”,它可以修饰可数名词的单数和复数形式或不可数名 词。 * There are no letters for you today. (今天没有你的信。) * I have no money at the moment. Could you lend me some (我现在没有钱。你能借我一些吗?) 2) 复合不定代词的用法 a. 不定代词some, any, no与-one, -body, -thing可以组成九个复合代词。它们是: someone anyone no one somebody anybody nobody something anything nothing 这些复合不定代词只有名词的性质,可以作主语、宾语等。 b. 因为some一般用于肯定句,any一般用于否定句或疑问句,no表示完全否定,因此由some, any, no与-one, - body组成的复合代词的用法也一样。 c. 第二部分为-one和-body的复合代词只用于表示人,它们的形式是单数形式,但有时可以用they或them指 代。 * There is someone in your office. Can you hear them talking (你办公室里有人。你听见他们说话了吗?) d. 第二部分为-thing的复合代词只能用于指物。如: * There was something wrong with the car so he had to stopped it. * He looked at me and didn’t say anything. * Nothing can be done to save her life. e. 这些复合不定代词如果有其它的形容词修饰,形容词必须后置。如: * Somebody important has arrived, I’m sure. (important修饰somebody) 3) one和none的用法 不定代词one指代可数名词的单数,即指人,也指物。它的复数形式是ones。在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语等。 * He is not the one who is easily cheated. (one指人) * I’ve made some cakes. Would you like one of them (one指物) * I prefer red roses to white ones. (ones指物) * Are they the ones who moved here a few days ago (ones指人) 4) all, every, each, other, another, either, neither, both a. every只有形容词的性质,在句中作定语。常用于修饰单数的可数名词。表示“每个;各个”,还可以表示“一 切”。 * After the strong wind every flower in the garden was gone. every还可以和-one, -thing, -body构成复合不定代词,即:everyone, everything, everybody。其中,everyone和everybody用于指人,意思一样,都是“每人;大家”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。everything用于指物,意思是“每件事;一切”,形式上表示单数意思上可以表示单数也可以表示复数。如:* One can’t have everything. * Everything goes well with me. * The town is so small that everybody knows everybody else. 注意:在使用everyone时要注意和every one相区别。everyone是一个不定代词而every on是一个词组,前者只能指人而后者既可以指人也可以指物。请注意下列例句: * Everyone will be here except Patrick. (everyone 指人) * Every one of the children will get a gift. (every one也指人) *We played several matches against the visitors, but unluckily lost every one. (every one指物)

Module9Population知识讲解

Module 9 Population 词汇精讲 1. noise ,voice &sound (1)noise 可以作可数名词,也可以用作不可数名词,表示“人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声”。 例如: I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。 There's a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。 (2)voice 作名词,意为“声音,嗓音”。用于人时,指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音,也可指发言权。用于其它方面时,常含悦耳之声,如鸟鸣声,乐器声音等。例如:He talked of his trip to Hong Kong in a cheerful voice. 他兴高采烈地谈了他的香港之行。 She has a sweet voice. 她声音很甜美。 (3)sou nd泛指自然界的任何声音,不论其高低、是否悦耳等。例如: I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。 Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。 2. huge huge 是常用词, 用于具体事物或人时, 指“体积或数量大得超过一般情况” ;用于抽象事物时, 作“巨大的”、“无限的”解。例如: He stood tongue-tied before the huge audience. 在大批听众面前他站着说不出话来。 【拓展】 (1)big “大的,巨大的”,常指程度,范围,规模,容积,重量,数量等(还可表示“伟大,重要”之意)常可与large 互换,多用于具体的、有形的人或物(其反义词多为 little/small 。) 例如:There is a big tree beside the house.房子旁边有一棵大树。 (2)great 大“的,极大的,伟大的,重要的,超乎寻常”,常指面积,数量,程度(或指抽象的东西,如知识,能力,人格等),用来指人时,表示“伟大的,杰出的”,其反义词为little/small 。例如: We heard a great n oise我们听到一个很大的响声。 【注意】big还可以作长大了”解,great有时可表达说话人的喜悦、赞扬等感情。 例如:Lily is big enough to ride a bike. 莉莉长大了,可以骑自行车了。 He's the greatest man I have ever seen. 他是我见过的最伟大的人物。 (3)large “大的,巨大的”,常指面积,范围,可表示数和量(当它直接用于人时,可表示身体的大),其反义词为small。例如: They say China is a large and beautiful country. 他们说中国是一个面积大而美丽的国家。 3. question&problem question 和problem 都有“问题”的意思,但用法不同。question 指须解答的问题,是就疑问而言的;problem 指须解决的问题,是就困难而言的。例如: What's your question? Can you answer it? 你的问题是什么?你能自己回答吗? What's your problem? Can you solve it by yourself? 你的问题(困难)是什么?你能自己解决吗? 4. billion (1)billion是数词,意为十亿”当表示具体的几十亿”时,用基数词+ billion ,注意不加-s。 第 1 页

不定代词用法归纳

不定代词用法归纳(详细讲解) ■本站特约作者陈根花 一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有 all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, enough, every 等,以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中,多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语,但是代词 none 以及由 some, any, no 和 every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语,不能作定语,而 no 和 every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither),有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every),注意不要弄混: Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子,都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子,都不富有。 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上,而 every 只用于三者或三者以上,因此用于两者时只能用 each,不能用 every。如不能说 There are trees on every side of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点 复合不定代词包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。something, someone 等和 anything, anyone等的区别与 some 和 any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句(参见 any & some)。具体使用时应注意以下几点: 1.复合不定代词受定语修饰时,定语应放在它们后面: There is nothing wrong with the radio. 这收音机没有毛病。 Have you seen anyone [anybody] famous? 你见过名人吗? 2.指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数 he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词 they, them, their:Everyone knows this, doesn’t he [don’t they]?人人都知道这一点,不是吗? If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。 3.指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相应的人称代词也只能用 it,而不用 they:

(完整版)非谓语的用法总结

非谓语动词的用法总结 李靖 非谓语动词(不定式、动名词、分词)不是真正意义上的谓语动词,在句中都不能单独作谓语。但都具有动词的某些特点,可以有自己的宾语或状语,构成非谓语动词短语。不定式表目的,表将来;动名词表主动,表进行;过去分词表被动,表完成。 一.作主语( 动名词、不定式、过去分词前面加being, 动名词做主语谓语动词用单数) 1)不定式、动名词都可做主语,但是动名词做主语多指抽象的概念性的动作,可以是多次的经常的行为;不定式多表示具体的动作,尤其是某一次的动作。如: Playing with fire is dangerous. 玩火危险。(泛指玩火) To play with fire will be dangerous. 玩火会发生危险。 2)用动名词做主语的句型: It’s no use/no good/pleasure doing sth 做.......没有用处/好处/乐趣 It’s a waste of time doing sth 做.... 浪费时间 It is worth doing sth 值得做某事 It is no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收 It is worth making an appointment before you go. 去之前预约一下是值得的。 3)不定式做主语的句型. It is + adj +for sb to do sth. 比较:表示人的品质时只能用of sb 如considerate/kind/nice/foolish/stupid/rude/cruel /wise/clever/brave/selfish/crazy/good/careful/careless/impolite/right/wrong等单词出现 时。 It is silly of you to say so. It is important for us to learn English well. It is a must/ a necessity for us to have a good command of the English language. 4) “Wh- + to 不定式”可做主语。如: When to leave hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候动身还没定呢。 Whether to drive or take the train is still a problem.是自驾车还是乘火车仍是一个问题。 5)一般情况下,不定式和动名词作主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。如: Seeing is believing.= To see is to believe 眼见为实。 . Planting flowers needs constant watering. 但and连接的多个动名词作主语,谓语动词大多用复数(如果前后动名词的语义一致, 谓语一般用单数)。如:Lying and stealing are immoral. 说谎与盗窃是不道德的。 6) 动名词前面可以加上形容词性物主代词构成动名词的复合结构。如: ----- What made him angry? ------ Mary’s /My/His/Her /Their/ The boy’s/ The president’s being late(made him angry. 7being,构成动名词,做主语。如: . Being examined twice a year , driver must obey in this city. 经典练习:

不定代词用法一览表

不定代词用法一览表 例词含义作用例句 both 后接复数名词表示 两个 人或 事物 主语Both are teachers. 两个都是教师。 宾语 The teacher wanted both of us to go.老师要我们两个 人都去。 定语Both questions are easy.两个问题都很容易。 同位语They both did it well.他们两个人都干得不错。 注: 1. both与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时,应放在这些词的前面。 2. both在否定句中用作主语时,表示部分否定。如: Both of you won’t go. 你们两个不需要都走。 neithe r 后接单数名词(与both 反义) 表示 两个 人或 事物 都不 主语Neither is mine.两个都不是我的。 宾语I want neither of the books.那两本书我都不要。 定语Neither sentence is correct.两个句子都不对。 注: Neither在句子中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。Neither在 句子中作主语时表示全部否定。如: Neither of you is Japanese.你们两个都不是日本人。 You can’t eat either of them=You can eat neither of them. either 后接单数名词两个 人或 物中 任一 个 主语Either will be all right.两个中哪一个都行。 宾语 He looked at the two pens, but didn’t buy either(=bought neither).他看了两支笔,但一支也没有 买。 定语 You may take either book (=take one of the two books). =You can’t take both of the two books. 两本书你可以任选一本。 all 最少 表示 三个 以上 (肯 定) 主语All of them are workers.他们都是工人。 宾语 The teacher asked us all about the matter. 老师问了我们所有的事。 表语That’s all for today.今天就到这。 定语All men are mortal.人总是要死的。 状语He was all covered with mud.他浑身是泥。 同位语They all came here.他们都到了。 注: 1. all与定冠词、指示代词、物主代词连用时要放在它们的前面。 如: Do you see all the birds in the tree?你看到树上所有 的鸟吗? 2. all用作状语时,应放在实义动词之前,助动词之后。 如:The books were all sold out.所有的书都卖完了。 3. not与all连用时表示部分否定。 none (与最少 表示 三个 主语 None of them have come back yet.他们一个都还没有回 来。 宾语She chose none but the best.她只挑了最好的东西。

非谓语动词用法归纳语法

一、表格的用法 1.doing 的用法 (1)在要求动词后(作宾语):avoid避免appreciate 感激/欣赏acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认advocate提倡/主张consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了contemplate细想complete完成confess坦白 dislike不喜欢,讨厌deserve值得 delay 延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受

worth值得 You should try to avoid making mistakes. The book is worth reading. The book deserves reading. (2)表进行 Walking on the grassland, I saw a snake.=When I was walking on the grassland, I saw a snake. The man speaking English is Tom. = The man who is speaking English is Tom. (3)表主动 The man speaking English is Tom = The man who speaks English is Tom. = The man who spoke English is Tom. Nobody dinks boiling water but boiled water.= Nobody dinks water that is boiling but the water that has boiled. (4)表伴随 I stand outside waiting for Mr. Chen. I lie in bed reading a novel. (5)表性质;特点 The film is very moving. She is understanding, so you had better discuss your business with her.

Population用法

Population用法 population是一个集合名词(无复数形式),它的用法有时较为特殊,所以很容易用错。 下面谈一下它的用法: 一、population常与定冠词the连用,作主语用时,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。 例如: The world\'s population is increasing faster and faster. 全世界的人口增长得越来越快。 At the beginning of the twentieth century, the world\'s population was about 1,700 million. 在二十世纪初,全世界的人口大约是十七亿。 二、当主语是表示\"人口的百分之几、几分之几\"时,谓语动词用复数形式。 例如: About seventy percent of the population in China are farmers. 中国大约有百分之七十的人口是农民。 三、有时population可用作可数名词,其前可用不定冠词。 例如: China has a population of about 1.3 billion. (=There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.) 中国大约有十三亿人口。 New York is a big city with a population of over 10 million. 纽约是一个有一千多万人口的大城市。 在表示多个地区的人口时,population要用复数形式populations。 例如: Many parts of the world, which once had large populations and produced plenty of crops, have become deserts. 世界上很多地区一度人口众多,种植大量的农作物;现在,这些地区已经变成了沙漠。 四、表示人口的\"多\"或\"少\",不用\"much\"或\"little\",而要用\"large\"或\"small\"。 例如: India has a large population. 印度人口众多。 Singapore has a small population. 新加坡人口少。 五、询问某国、某地有多少人口时,不用\"How much...?\",而用\"How large...?\";在问具体人口时用\"What...?\" 例如: -How large is the population of your hometown? 你们家乡有多少人口? -The population of our hometown is nearly twice as large as that of yours. 我们家乡的人口是你们家乡人口的将近两倍。 -What is the population of Canada? 加拿大的人口有多少? -The population of Canada is about 29 million. 加拿大的人口大约有二千九百万。 六、population还表示\"某地、某类的动、植物或物品的总数\"。 例如: In India, however, the population of tigers has increased, from 2,000 in 1972 to about 5,000 in 1989. 然而在印度,老虎的总数已从1972年的2,000只增长到了1989年的大约5,000只。

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