2010职称英语综合类精选模拟题之补全短文

2015职称英语综合类精选模拟题

Teamwork in Tourism

Growing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.

Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(46)____. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(47)____https://www.wendangku.net/doc/214248753.html,

Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. In this way agents learn ____(48)____ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel-planes; ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and even car purchases.

Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, ____(49)____, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.

The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, ____(50)____. Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.

A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.

B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.

C in preparing effective advertising campaigns

D as a result tourism is flouring in all countries

E hotels rely upon agencies

F to explain destinations

46-50 CBFEA

The first four minutes

When do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, according to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, "Contact: The first four minutes," he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships: __46__. A lot of peoples whole lives would change if they did just that.

You may have noticed that average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met.__47__. If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.

When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In general, he says, "People like people who like

themselves."

On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic, realizing that the other person has his won needs, fears, and hopes.

Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I'm not a friendly, self-confident person. That's not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to at that way."

__48__. We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. "It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one."

But isn't it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don't actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honest" is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger. That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions.

__49__. For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.

The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. __50__ that is at least as important as how much we know.

A. In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits.

B. Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends.

C. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.

D. Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes.

E. He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.

F. He is eager to make friends with everyone.

「正确答案」41——45 DDCAC

「答案解析」41. "a cloud that contained Gobi desert dust as well as hydrocarbons from industrial pollution."

42. "found that the amount of light reflected by the particles in the air was more than 550 percent greater than normal for that time of year."

43. "Taking samples at various levels from 15，000 feet to 20，000 feet in altitude"表达的意思与题干不同。

44. 需要看懂全段，直接找到答案。此处使用排除法太浪费时间了。

45. 根据however这个词的转折关系不难得到答案。

American Dreams

There is a common response to America among foreign writers：the US is a land of extremes where the best of things are just as easily found as the worst. This is a cliché(陈词滥调)。

In the land of black and white，people should not be too surprised to find some of the biggest gaps between the rich and the poor in the world. But the American Dream offers a way out to everyone.______________(1) No class system or government stands in the way.

Sadly，this old argument is no longer true. Over the past few decades there has been a fundamental shift in the structure of the American economy.

The gap between the rich and the poor has widened and widened. ______________(2)

Over the past 25 years the median US family income has gone up 18 per cent. For the top 1 per cent，however，it has gone up 200 per cent. Twenty-five years ago the top fifth of Americans had an average income 6.7 times that of the bottom fifth. ______________(3)

Inequalities have grown worse in different regions. In California，incomes for lower class families have fallen by 4 per cent since 1969. ______________(4) This has led to an economy hugely in favor of a small group of very rich Americans. The wealthiest 1 per cent of households now control a third of the national wealth. There are now 37 million Americans living in poverty. At 12.7 per cent of the population，it is the highest percentage in the developed world.

Yet the tax burden on America's rich is falling，not growing. ______________(5) There was an economic theory holding that the rich spending more would benefit everyone as a whole. But clearly that theory has not worked in reality.

A Nobody is poor in the US.

B The top 0.01 per cent of households has seen its tax bite fall by a full 25 percentage points since 1980.

C For upper class families they have risen 41 per cent.

D Now it is 9.8 times.

E As it does so，the possibility to cross that gap gets smaller and smaller.

F All one has to do is to work hard and climb the ladder towards the top.

(1) ____(1.1)____ (2) ____(1.2)____ (3) ____(1.3)____ (4) ____(1.4)____ (5) ____(1.5)____

1. 正确的答案是: F

2 正确的答案是: E

3 正确的答案是: D

4 正确的答案是: C

5 正确的答案是: B

1. Read with Greater Speed

Do you have difficulty reading in class?If so,a special reading program that helps match sounds with letters could speed up your brain.

At least one out of every five elementary school students in the US has trouble learning to read，even when the students are good at other subjects.____(46) Researchers from Yale University,US,studied a group of children from New York

and Connecticut State.As part of the study，37 struggling readers received special tutoring

Every day,instructors worked with them on recognizing how written letters represent units of sound called phonemes(音素)____(47)

By the end of the school year，these children could read faster than before.They also made fewer mistakes，and understood more of what they read than they could earlier in the year,

As part of their study，the researchers used a special machine to take action photos of the students’brains.___(48)This is the same part of the brain that becomes active when good readers read.This activated brain area appears to include a structure that helps people recognize familiar written words quickly.In lower level readers，this structure remains inactive.

A year later,the brain structure was still working hard in the students who had gone through the special tutoring，and they continued to do well in reading tests.___(49)

However，some researchers still doubt the study_____(50)

A Many adults are interested in matching sounds with letters

B The students also practiced reading aloud and spelling

C The biggest challenge for many of these kids，scientists say,is matching sounds with letters.

D Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn’t show the same progress.

E The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side

F They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.

(46) ____(1.1)____ (47) ____(1.2)____ (48) ____(1.3)____ (49) ____(1.4)____ (50) ____(1.5)____

1. 1正确的答案是: C

1. 2正确的答案是: B

1. 3正确的答案是: E

1. 4正确的答案是: D

1. 5正确的答案是: F

C The biggest challenge for many of these kids，scientists say,is matching sounds with letters.

D Another group in the study who went through a more traditional reading program didn’t show the same progress.

E The pictures showed all increase in activity in the back of the brain on the left side

F They believe that reading without making any noise or linking words to sounds is more efficient.

(46) ____(1.1)____ (47) ____(1.2)____ (48) ____(1.3)____ (49) ____(1.4)____ (50) ____(1.5)____

1. 1正确的答案是: C

1. 2正确的答案是: B

1. 3正确的答案是: E

1. 4正确的答案是: D

1. 5正确的答案是: F

阅读下面的短文，每一篇中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。每个试题计2分，共计10分

obesity causes global warming

the list of ills attributable to obesity keeps growing：last week，obese people were accused of causing global warming.

this conclusion comes from sheldon jacobson of the university of illinois，us，and a toral student，laura mclay.their study calculates how much extra gasoline is needed to haul fat americans around.the answer，they say，is a billion gallons of gas per year.____________

there has bee n calls for taxes on junk food2 in recent years.____________ “we tax cigarettes partly because of their health cost，”schmidt said.“similarly，leading a lazy lifestyle will end up costing taxpayers more.”

us political scientist eric oliver said his first instinct was to laugh at these gas and fast food arguments.but such claims are getting attention.

at the us obesity society’s annual meeting，one person correlated obesity with car accident deaths，and another correlated obesity with suicides.____________ “the funny thing was that everyone took it seriously，”oliver said.

in a 1960s study，children were shown drawings of children with disabilities and without them，and a drawing of an obese child.they were asked which they would want for a friend?____________

three researchers recently repeated the study using college students.once again，almost no one，not even obese people，liked the obese person.“obesity was stigmatized，”the researchers said.

but，researchers say，getting thin is not like quitting smoking.people struggle to stop smoking，and，in the end，many succeed.obesity is different.but，not because obese people don’t care.____________ genes also play a part.

词汇：

obese/eu5bi:s/adi.肥胖的

haul/haul/v.运输correlate/5kcr[leit/v.与……相联系

stigma/5sti^me/n.坏名声

stigmatize/5sti^metaiz/v.侮辱

注释：

1. carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

2. iunk food 垃圾食品

3. cause-and-effect relationship 因果关系

练习：

a a meager diet may keep you thin.

b it means an extra 11 million tons of carbon dioxide1.

c the obese chil

d was picked last.

d us economist martin schmidt suggests a tax on fast food delivered to people’s cars.

e science has shown that they have limited personal control over their weight.

f no one asked whether there was really a cause-and-effect relationship.

答案与题解：

1. b

2. d

3. f

4. c

5. e

阅读下面的短文，每一篇中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。每个试题计

2分，共计10分

the value of motherhood

in shopping malls，the assistants try to push you into buying“ a gift to thank her for her unselfish love”.when you log onto1 a website，a small pop-up2 invites you to book a bouquet for https://www.wendangku.net/doc/214248753.html,mercial warmth and gratitude are the atmosphere being spread around for this special sunday in may.

____________ the popularity of mother’s day around the world suggests that jarvis got all she wanted.in fact，she got more-enough to make her horrified.

____________ they buy，among other things，132 million cards.mother’s day is the no 1 holiday for flower purchases.then there are the various commodities，ranging from jewelry and clothes to cosmetics and washing powder，that take advantage of the promotion opportunities.because of this，jarvis spent the last 40 years of her life trying to stop mother’s day.one protest against the commercialization of mother’s day even got her arrested-for disturbing the peace，interestingly.

____________ as ralph fevre，a reporter at the uk newspaper the guardian，observe，traditionally “motherhood is something that we do because we think it’s right.”but in the logic of commercialism，people need something in exchange for their time and energy.a career serves this purpose better.

____________ so they work hard and play hard.becoming a mother，however，inevitably handicaps career anticipation.

____________ according to the guardian，there are twice as many child-free young women as there were a generation ago.or，they put off the responsibility of parenting until later in their lives.

so，fevre writes that the meaning of celebrating mother’s day needs to be updated：“it is to persuade people that parenting is a good idea and to honor people for their attempt to be good people.”

词汇：

motherhood/5mqtehud/n.母性website/1websait/n.网站

bouquet/5bu:kei/n.花束

注释：

1. log onto登录到。log onto a website登录到一个网站。

2. pop-up弹出式菜单。a small pop-up invites you to book a bouquet for her.一

张小的弹出式菜单要你为她订一束花。

练习：

a the american version of mother’s day was thought up as early as 1905，by anna jarvis，as a way of recognizing the real value of motherhood.

b but what’s more，commercialism changes young people’s attitude towards motherhood.

c obviously，the best girl will be a phone call or a visit.

d according to a research by th

e us card company hallmark，96 percent o

f american

consumers celebrate the holiday.

e as a result，motherhood has suffered a huge drop in status since the 1950s.

f in addition，women are bein

g encouraged to pursue any career they desire.

答案与题解：

1. a

2. d

3. b

4. c

5. e

Ludwig Van Beethoven

Ludwig Van Beethoven, a major composer of the nineteenth century, overcame many personal problems to achieve artistic greatness.

Born in Bonn, Germany, in 1770, he first studied music with the court organist, Gilles van der Eeden. His father was excessively strict and given to heavy drinking. ____ (1) ____. Appointed deputy court organist to Christian Gottlob Neefe at a surprisingly early age in 1782, Beethoven also played the harpsichord and the viola. In 1792 he was sent to Vienna by his patron, Count Ferdinand Waldstein, to study music under Haydn.

Beethoven remained unmarried. ____ (2) ____. Continually plagued by ill health, he developed an ear infection which led to his tragic deafness in 1819.

____ (3) ____ He completed mature masterpieces of great musical depth: three piano sonatas, four string quartets, the Missa Solemnis, and the 9th Symphony. He died in 1827. ____ (4) ____ .

Noting that Beethoven often flew into fits of rage, Goethe once said of him, “I am astonished by his talent, but he is unfortunately an altogether untamed personality. ” ____ (5) ____ .

A In spite of this handicap, however, he continued to write music.

B Because of irregular payments from his publishers and erratic support from his patrons, he was troubled by financial worries throughout his adult life.

C His life was marked by a passionate dedication to independence.

D When his mother died, Beethoven, then a young man, was named guardian of his two younger brothers.

E Although Beethoven's personality may have been untamed, his music shows great discipline and control, and this is how we remember him best.

F Today his music is still being played all over the world.

「正确答案」1-5 DBACE

「答案解析」

1. D 本段介绍贝多芬早年平生。前一句话说他的父亲对他要求十分严厉，而且酗酒成性。D说当他母亲亡故后，还是一个年轻人的贝多芬成为他两个小弟弟的监护人。把D放在这里意思连贯，是最适合的选项。

2. B 本段介绍贝多芬成年后坎坷的遭遇，选B最合适。

3. A 句中的this handicap承接上段，指上段最后一句话提到的耳聋这一残疾，全句的意思是说贝多芬身残志坚，继续音乐创作。原文最后一句列举了贝多芬的音乐成就，此处选A与上下文衔接自然，意思连贯。

4. C 到此为止，作者介绍完了贝多芬的生平，需要做一个简要的概括。C 说：他的一生是热切追求独立的一生。放在此处正合适。

5. E 本段第一句提到歌德对贝多芬性情的评价，说他狂躁易怒，性情不羁。

E说尽管贝多芬的性情狂躁不羁，但他的音乐却很有章法，控制有度，这也是他最值得我们怀念的地方。

The World's Longest Bridge Rumor has it that a legendary six-headed monster lurks in the deep waters of the Tyrrhenian Sea between Italy and the island of Sicily.

(46)When completed in 2010, the world's longest bridge will weigh nearly 300,000 tons — equivalent to the iceberg that sank the Titanic — and stretch 5 kilometers long. “That's nearly 50 percent longer than any other bridge ever built,”says structural engineer Shane Rixon.

(47) They're suspension bridges, massive structures built to span vast water channels or gorges. A suspension bridge needs just two towers to shoulder the structure's mammoth weight, thanks to hefty supporting cables slung between the towers and anchored firmly in deep pools of cement at each end of the bridge. The Messina Strait Bridge will have two 54,100-ton towers, which will support most of the bridge's load. The beefy cables of the bridge, each 1.2 meter in diameter, will hold up the longest and widest bridge deck ever built.

When construction begins on the Messina Strait Bridge in 2005, the first job will be to erect two 370 meter-tall steel towers. (48) Getting these cables up will be something. It's not just their length — totally 5.3 kilometers — but their weight. (49) After lowering vertical“suspender”cables from the main cables, builders will erect a 60 meter-wide 54.630-ton steel roadway, or deck —wide enough to accommodate 12 lanes of traffic. The deck's weight will pull down on the cables with a force of 70,500 tons. In return, the cables yank up against their firmly rooted anchors with a force of 139,000 tons —equivalent to the weight of about 100,000 cars. Those anchors are essential. (50)

A Some environmentalists are against the project on biological grounds.

B What do the world's longest bridges have in common?

C If true, one day you might spy the beast while zipping (呼啸而过) across the Messina Strait Bridge.

D They're what will keep the bridge from going anywhere.

E The second job will be to pull two sets of steel cables across the strait, each set being a bundle of 44,352 individual steel wires.

F They will tip up the scales at 166,500 tons — more than half the bridge's total

mass.

46. C. 47. B. 48. E. 49. F. 50. D

A University of Nebraska professor has developed robotic cones and barrels(锥形路标和路障). ____1____ They can even be programmed to move on their own at any particular part of the day, said Shane Farritor, an assistant professor of mechanical engineering at Nebraska.

For example, if workers arrived at 6 a.m., the cones could move from the side of the hi ghway to block off the lane at that time. ____2____ “It just seems like a very good application for robots,”Farritor said. “The robotic cones would also help remove people from hazardous jobs on the highway putting barrels and cones into place,”Farritor sa id in a report on his creation.

____3____ This fund allowed Farritor to work on the project with graduate students at Nebraska and his assistant Steve Goddard.

The robots are placed at the bottom of the cones and barrels and are small enough not to greatly change the appearance of the construction aides(辅助用具). “It would look exactly the same，”Farritor said. “Normally there's a kind of rubbery, black base to them. ____4____”

Farritor has talked with Officials from the Nebraska Department of Roads about how the robots would be most useful to what they might need.

The robots could come in handy following a slow-moving maintenance operation，like painting a stripe on a road or moving asphalt，where now the barrels have to be picked up and moved as the oper ation proceeds. “That way you don't have to block off a 10-mile strip for the operation,”Farritor said.

While prototypes have been made, they are not in use anywhere. Farritor said he has applied for a patent and is considering what to do next. ____5____He is also thinking about marketing the robots to roads departments and others across the country who may benefit from them.

A. And they can return to the original place at the end of the day.

B. He is thinking about starting a small business.

C. Far ritor was“Inventor of the Year”in 2003.

D. Work on the idea began in 2002 using a National Academy of Sciences grant.

E. We replace that with a robot.

F. These robotic cones and barrels can move out of the way, or into place, from computer commands made miles away.

「正确答案」46-50 FADEB

2012年职称英语等级考试模拟试题及答案解析理工类A级模拟试题(二)

2012年度全国职称英语等级考试 理工类（A级）全真模拟试题二 第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分） 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项 1. He was unable to give a credible explanation for his behavior. A. workable B. convincing C. practical D. reliable 2. Smoking is banned in the building. A. listed B. forbidden C. handled D. investigated 3. I want a job with good prospects for promotion. A. advancement B. replacement C. retirement D. advertisement 4. The report was compiled from a survey of 5000 households. A. printed B. attached C. written D. sent 5. The patient showed a marked improvement in her condition after changing medication. A. great B. clear C. quick D. regular 6. Actors dressed in authentic costumes re-enact the battle. A. faithful B. royal C. genuine D. sincere 7. People who travel by rail still read an immense amount. A. immediate B. enormous C. equal D. moderate 8. He demolished my argument in minutes. A. disapproved B. disputed C. accepted D. supported 9. Polluted water sources are a hazard to wildlife. A. evidence B. danger C. case D. picture 10. Ashley gazed at him, her thoughts in turmoil. A. failure B. doubt C. confusion D. relief 11. It was an article in the local newspaper which finally spurred him into action .

职称英语C级补全短文(-)

2016职称英语教材-卫生类C级完形填空及参考译文1 第一篇Better Control of TB Seen If a Faster Cure Is Found The World Health Organization1 estimates that about one-third of all people are infected with bacteria that cause tuberculosis . Most times, the infection remains inactive. But each year about eight million people develop active cases of TB, usually in their lungs. Two million people die of it. The disease has increased with the spread of AIDS and drug-resistant forms of tuberculosis. Current treatments take at least six months. People have to take a combination of several antibiotic drugs daily. But many people stop as soon as they feel better. Doing that can lead to an infection that resists treatment. Public health experts agree that a faster-acting cure for tuberculosis would be more effective. Now a study estimates just how effective it might be. A professor of international health at Harvard University2 led the study. Joshua Salomon says a shorter treatment program would likely mean not just more patients cured. It would also mean fewer infectious patients who can pass on their infection to others. The researchers developed a mathematical model to examine the effects of a two-month treatment plan. They tested the model with current TB conditions in Southeast Asia. The scientists found that a two-month treatment could prevent about twenty percent of new cases. And it might prevent about twenty-five percent of TB deaths. The model shows that these reductions would take place between two thousand twelve and two thousand thirty. That is, if a faster cure is developed and in wide use by two thousand twelve. The World Health Organization reductions the DOTS3 program in nineteen ninety. DOTS is Directly Observed Treatment, Short-course. Health workers watch tuberculosis patients take their daily pills to make sure they continue treatment. Earlier this year, an international partnership of organizations announced a plan to expand the DOTS program. The ten-year plan also aims to finance research into new TB drugs. The four most common drugs used now are more than forty years old. The Global Alliance for TB Drug Development4 says its long-term goal is a treatment that could work in as few as ten doses. 1.找到速效治疗剂可以更好控制结核病 世界卫生组织估计全球有大约三分之一的人感染了导致结核病的病菌。大多数时候，这种感染是不活跃的。但是每年大约有八百万结核病病例，通常是在肺部。两百万人因此丧命。结核病发病率由于艾滋病的传播和抗药型结核病的出现而增加。目前的治疗至少需要六个月。患病者不得不每日服用多种抗生素药品。许多人在稍感舒适后就停止使用药品，这么做可能导致抗药性感染。公共卫生专家一致认为针对结核病的速效治疗剂将会更加有效果。现在有一项研究评估这种速效治疗剂究竟效力有多大。这项研究由美国哈佛大学国际卫生方面的教授率领。Joshua Salomon说，疗程较短的治疗计划可能不仅仅意味着更多病人被治好，也意味着将感染传给别人的病人会更少。 研究者们设计了一个数学模型来检测两个月治疗计划的效果。他们以东南亚目前的结核病情况来检验这个模型。科学家们发现两个月的治疗可以防止大约20％的新病例，也可能防止大约5％因结核病引起的死亡。这个模型表明，如果速效治疗剂可以在2012年前研发出来并大规模使用的话，减少结核病例在2012年到2030年间就可以实现。 世界卫生组织在1990年制定了DOTS计划，DOTS意指短期直接观察治疗。卫生工作者监督结核病人每天服药，以确信他们继续治疗。今年年初，一个国际组织同盟宣布了一项扩大DOTS的计划。这个十年计划也旨在资助新结核药品的研究。现在四种最常用的药品也有四十多年的历史了。全球结核病药物开发联盟宣称它的长期目标是找到一种治疗方法，可以通过十次剂量就效果。

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