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unit4答案和译文 研一英语课本

unit4答案和译文 研一英语课本
unit4答案和译文 研一英语课本

Text A

EXERCISES

I. Reading comprehension

Directions:Choose the best answer for the following questions according to the text.

1. Which city is most convenient to use Wi-Fi publicly?

A. New York

B. Dallas

C. Seoul

D. Boston

2. What dose the sentence "Venture capital is starting to flow west across the Pacific." Mean?

A. Much money is invested to south Korea from America.

B. Much money is invested to America from south Korea.

C. Much money is invested to south Korea from China.

D. Much money is invested to south Korea from Russia.

3. To maintain South Korea’s lead, how much money will be invested to upgrade Korea’s mobile infrastructure?

A. $1.5billion

B. $1.5million

C. WON 1.5

D. Yuan 1.5 billion

4. How fast can we download a feature-length movie by 2020?

A. So fast you could download a feature-length movie in approximately one minute.

B. So fast you could download a feature-length movie in approximately one second.

C. So fast you could download a feature-length movie in approximately one hour.

D. So fast you could download a feature-length movie in approximately ten seconds.

5. One thing Silicon Valley hopes to learn is _________ ?

A. How to get Americans to actually pay for things on their phones.

B. How to get Americans to actually search for things on their phones.

C. How to get Americans to actually look for things on their phones.

D. How to get Americans to actually seek for things on their phones.

II. Vocabulary

Directions:In this section,you are required to select one word for each blank from A、B、C and D to complete each of the following sentences.

1. The programme aims to ______ links between higher education and small businesses.

A. blonze

B. iron

C. forge

D. rock

2. There were a number of tall structures____ in different colors.

A. enlightened

B. brightened

C. burning

D. illuminated

3. The dog ______ him in the leg.

A. sipped

B. nipped

C. dipped

D. dug

4. Just in the middle of his speech, his head began to _____ and he fainted.

A. turn

B. rotate

C. spin

D. move

5. She was fined $30 for failing to keep her dog under ______.

A. control B command C. obedience D. hand

6. Which _____ of the economy has been hardest hit by the recession?

A. fraction

B. sector

C.format

D. bureau

7. Every Monday morning, all the teachers and students in our school stand at ______ as our national flag is raised.

A. attention

B. attentions

C. ease

D. attentively

8. The boy cycling in the street was knocked down by a minibus and received ______ injuries.

A. fatal

B. radical

C. exce ssive

D. exaggerated

9. Sport provides a(n) ______ for a teenager’s feelings of aggression or frustration.

A. exit

B. exhaust

C. outlet D) leak

10. The problems requiring immediate solution will be given ______ at the meeting.

A. priority

B. urgency

C. superiority

D. emergency

III. Cloze

I. O 2. D 3. M 4. L 5. I 6. E 7. K 8. A 9. B 10. J

IV. Translation

Although the American economy has transformed itself over the years, certain issues have persisted since the early days of the republic. One is the continuing debate over the proper role for government in what is basically a marketplace economy. An economy based on free enterprise is generally characterized by private ownership and initiative, with a relative absence of government involvement. However, government intervention has been found necessary from time to time to ensure that economic opportunities are fair and accessible to the people, to prevent flagrant abuses, to dampen inflation and to stimulate growth. Ever since colonial times, the government has been involved, to some extent, in economic decision-making. The federal government, for example, has made huge investments in infrastructure, and it has provided social welfare programs that the private sector was unable or unwilling to provide. In a myriad of ways and over many decades, the government has supported and promoted the development of agriculture.

译文

科技创新,硅谷可以向首尔学到什么?

1. 麦克?金(Mike Kim)像美国湾区的大多数年轻人一样,从小就相信硅谷打造着科技的未来。金在皮德蒙特长大,那是奥克兰的一个富裕的郊区。Facebook崛起时,金正在上大学。他惊奇地看着科技初创公司变革着他周围的世界。2006年毕业后,他在科技行业找到了工作,先后效力于Zynga、https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2e5209533.html,和领英(LinkedIn)。

2. 后来,就在五个月前,他接受了屋瓦兄弟 (Woowa Borthers)的工作机会。这是韩国的一家公司,运营着一家食品递送初创公司,叫做Baedal Minjok。工作本身非常好,而且在首尔生活的经历让他大开眼界。

3. “在旧金山的时候,我们都把旧金山叫做世界手机之都,”他说。“但是我根本想不到韩国(比旧金山)先进了三、四年。”在美国,金说,公园有了无线网络人们都要握手相庆。但在首尔,即便是乘地铁上下班的人都能在手机上播放流媒体电影,哪怕是在地下很深的地方。“我回到美国,就好像回到了中世纪,”他说。“我们还没发展到那种程度。”

4. 尽管硅谷仍是最大也是最持久的科技创新中心,不过世界上的不少城市正在急起直追:特拉维夫、柏林、班加罗尔。但在某种意义上,韩国首都----首尔是与硅谷最接近的对手。美国投资者开始意识到这一点,风险投资也向西流动,跨过了太平洋。美国一家名叫创业500(500 Startups)的早期风投公司最近将一项名为“泡菜500”(500 Kimchi)的小基金分离了出来,专门聚焦韩国。去年秋天,高盛集团引领了一轮投资,投向屋瓦兄弟及其递送服务。五月,谷歌公司在首尔开放了一个办公园区。这是谷歌在亚洲的第一个办公园区。办公地点就位于新潮的江南区——没错,就是《江南Style》里的那个江南——这一地区已经聚集了一批手机初创企业,其数量日益增长,那里还有一些科技孵化公司对他们进行指导。

5. 泡菜500的经营人蒂姆?蔡(Tim Chae)说,美国投资者已经开始把首尔当作某种水晶球,通过它可以看到,硅谷最宏大的梦想——一个无钞、无车、一切应有尽有的社会——已经实现了。几乎所有的首尔居民都用智能手机,很多现在才刚刚在美国流行起来的服务,在韩国早已司空见惯。

6. 这在很大程度是由于20年来巨大的公共投资。首尔已经被免费的无线网络覆盖,而且网速为世界最快,为美国平均网速的两倍。早在1995年,政府就开展了一项十年计划来建设国家的宽带基础设施,并且通过一系列公共项目来教韩国人如何使用这些设施。韩国也放宽了对服务供应商的管制,以确保消费者有多种选择,这与少数几家有线与电信巨头统治下的美国形成鲜明对比。在韩国,这种良性竞争使得网络接入成本保持在较低水平。

7. 为了保持韩国的领先地位,韩国教育科学技术部(Science Ministry)最近宣布了一项投资15亿美元(约合93亿元人民币)的项目,对韩国的移动基础设施进行升级。政府预计,到2020年,网速将是现在的1000倍——快到你可以在大约一秒钟的时间里下载一部电影长片。在同样的时间段里,美国联邦通信委员会(Federal Communications Commission)的希望是给大部分家庭装上速度至少为每秒100MB的宽带网络,这个速度大致是韩国的目标的六十分之一。

8. 韩国在一些方面可能非常新潮,但从设计的角度来看,韩国很多最受欢迎的网络服务看起来颇为过时,像是回到了上世纪90年代。大部分移动应用和网页上塞满了杂乱的信息框、堆砌的标题和闪烁着出现的一行行文字。

9. 这一点无疑可以在韩国93%的智能手机都安装了的即时通讯应用KakaoTalk上看到。KakaoTalk是韩国早期的网络先驱金凡秀(Beom-su Kim)于2010年开发出来的。金凡秀创建了一个用户众多的在线游戏门户Hangame。他试图将该门户推向美国,不过失败了,当时恰逢第一代iPhone问世。金凡秀买了几部iPhone,并开始为它们开发应用。这比iPhone登陆韩国早了足足两年。KakaoTalk就是他的首批作品之一。

10. 这款应用很快在韩国用户中得到普及,被当成了短信的免费替代品。它的成功部分是因为,KakaoTalk的作用有点像在智能手机内自成一体的互联网:用户任何时候都不用关闭这款应用便可以查看新闻、联系朋友、点餐和玩游戏。在美国人看来,它的设计不可理喻,让人觉得像是走进了一座能把人逼疯的游乐宫。页面通体闪烁着霓虹灯,还有瞪着眼的卡通动物。

11. 相比之下,美国的移动应用设计有一种极简崇拜。硅谷在这方面自视品味卓绝,但这种审美部分一定程度上是某种缺陷导致的:美国人已经学会剔除应用中会消耗大量带宽的设计,因为这些会增加载入时间。韩国设计师们由于没有类似的宽带限制,可以在应用中任意添置各种各样的信息和小部件。屏幕空间也不是问题,因为韩国人喜欢大屏手机。介于手机和平板电脑之间的平板手机,在美国常被当成笑料,在韩国却是热销多年。

12. 太平洋两岸宽带速度差距之大,通常让韩国软件开发者不得不删除软件的部分功能才能推向美国销售。文件分享服务应用Sunshine最近刚在旧金山开设分部,其执行总裁妮可?金(Nicole Kim)说,公司的服务必须要考虑到美国较低的宽带速度。“我们简化了Sunshine,因为美国的网速比韩国、香港低了不少,”她说。她称她的工程师因此要重新写程序用于分享较小的文件,比如设计文件和商业文件。而在亚洲,人们用Sunshine分享对宽带要求较高的文件,比如音乐和视频。

13. 即使韩国公司不面临技术难题,设计方面的鸿沟也会为吸引美国客户增加困难。2014年金东阳(Doyon Kim)负责将韩国移动讯息应用Band打入硅谷。Band支持朋友聊天、计划出行、分享视频、分摊账单,甚至还可以发起非正式投票讨论就餐地点。金东阳说,正是Band的多功能性使用户感到困惑,他们不习惯在一个应用里处理这么多事务。

14. “作为刚刚登陆美国的产品,产品本身在市场上必须有一个瞩目的卖点,”他说。“Band有太多特色功能,人们用它时无法完全掌握这个产品。”这个应用淹没在了比如GroupMe、Venmo、Tilt、Dropbox这样比较成功的产品中,而Band所提供的服务正是这些专注于某一项功能的产品的集合。Band在韩国吸引了3000万用户,但在美国“几乎没多大动静”。

15. 硅谷对单一功能应用的执着,最荒诞的例证是去年夏天风靡的应用软件Yo。这个软件只允许用户发一种信息——“Yo”,这种傻乎乎的可爱,让它一夜间引起巨大轰动。虽然它的实用价值,委婉地说,极度有限,但却很快吸引到150万美元投资,身价据估计更是这个数字的十倍。它也催生了其他一系列超级简单的应用,其中包括分享用户所在地点的“Lo”和自动通知朋友你会比约定时间迟到一点的“1minLate”。Yo的成功很大程度上揭示了硅谷的理念:嘴上说着“改变世界”,但实际上新奇往往胜过实用。

16. 单一功能应用浪潮中,还出现了“Ubers for X”类应用,这类应用和提供汽车服务的Uber一样,用户只需按一下按钮,就能获得它们提供的实地服务。一个名叫Product Hunt 的网站罗列出了数十种这类应用服务,总体来看令人耳目一新,其中包括Shortcut(提供理发服务的Uber),Minibar(提供酒水的Uber),Doughbies On-demand (提供新鲜巧克力碎饼干的Uber), JetMe (提供私人飞机的Uber),Eaze(提供大麻的Uber),等等。这些应用都没有彻底改变美国人的生活方式,可能是因为所有这些服务的理想客户——富有,喜欢零食和大麻——都已经在硅谷工作了。

17. 在韩国,为广大用户提供便利的应用有更好的市场机遇。全球风投公司古德沃特资本

(Goodwater Capital)在韩国进行了大量投资,其创始人埃里克?金(Eric Kim)表示,韩国人口密度高且相对同质,因此韩国是检验新移动服务的理想之地。韩国大约有5000万人口,其中五分之一居住在首尔。一些在美国会受制于物流部署困难的服务,在韩国的首都可以轻松实现规模化。

18. 埃里克?金还以Coupang公司为例,这家刚刚崛起的电子商务公司提供当日送货服务,有时还提供一小时内送货的服务,送货物品诸如生鲜食品和纸尿片。(埃里克是该公司董事。)韩国的送货文化根深蒂固,这对Coupang十分有利,人们习惯了约快递员在家附近的地铁站签收他们的干洗衣物,有时还有晚餐。相较之下,大多数的美国还不适应在亚马逊(Amazon)购买图书和礼物以外的东西。

19. 在加利福尼亚的巨头面前,韩国那些最大的初创公司仍旧是相形见绌。但是硅谷热衷于学习韩国公司的经营方式,虽然其中的很多经营方式创造了可观的利润——许多声名显赫的初创公司尚做不到这一点。

20. 如何让美国人真的在手机上付费,这是硅谷需要向韩国学习的一件事。韩国人很多年前就已经开始在手机上进行重要的日常交易,例如用智能手机支付账单和购物。韩国人还喜欢购买虚拟商品,这为数码互动增添了生气。比如说,价格在1至2美元的虚拟表情包,可以贴在网上和移动聊天室。连我(Line)和Kakao Talk位居韩国最大的移动聊天应用之列,收入在数亿美元的级别,其中只有一部分来自于广告。其余的来自数字贴纸以及音乐和游戏的销售。

21. 硅谷可能还要学会如何迎合更多国家的顾客需求。大部分的韩国公司在创立之初便具备了国际头脑,很清楚自己存在的局限性:韩国的市场非常的小,因此创业者们不得不考虑如何适应海外的商业环境。

22. 然而,如果没有一个更廉价、更优质的移动网络,即便是美国创业者推出的最佳产品也会跟不上时代。或许硅谷的创新人士应该向韩国学习的最重要的经验之一便是,如何给人们的日常生活带去剧烈的变化,他们需要说服自己的国家进行基础设施投资,只有这样我们才能够真正使用到他们想要卖给我们的服务。

Text B

EXERCISES

I. Reading comprehension

Directions:Choose the best answer for the following questions according to the text.

1. What is the new matchmaker?

A. Television

B. Mobile phone

C. Internet

D. GPS

2. Which one can provide a vastly greater choice of potential partners?

A. Traditional matchmakers

B. Encounters at bars

C. Encounters at bus-stops

D. internet dating

3. Is there any independent scientific evidenc e that any internet dating site’s algorithm for matching people together actually does enhance the chance of their hitting it off when they meet.

A. Yes, there is.

B. No, there isn't.

C. Yes, there isn't.

D. No, there is.

4. According to the text, what is not suitable to get over the internet?

A. A book

B. A washing machine

C. a potential sexual partner

D. A decision.

5. What is the problem about the internet matchmaker?

A. P eople’s stated preferences at the beginning of the process do not well match the c haracters of the individuals they actually like.

B.People are good at knowing what they want.

C. People pay more attention for money.

D. People talk more but know less.

II. Vocabulary

Directions:In this section,you are required to select one word for each blank from A、B、C and D to complete each of the following sentences.

1. Neither of them thought highly of him and they both tried to _____ him in his work.

A. block

B. prevent

C. hamper

D. stop

2. The lady dressed in the latest Paris fashion is _C_ in her appearance but rude in her speech.

A. elaborate

B. excessive

C. elegant

D. exaggerated

3. Montgomery believed in assembling an overwhelming force and then ______a crushing blow on his opponent.

A. affiliating

B. conflicting

C. afflicted

D. inflicting

4. The unpleasant taste ____in his mouth for hours.

A. prolonged

B. waited

C. lingered

D. lengthened

5. The US president ____in the White House during his turn in office.

A. dwells

B. settles

C. resides

D. inhabits

6. Every day, the news, government reports and scientific studies ______to the increasing consequences of population change.

A. verify

B. testify

C. justify

D. prove

7. This agreement will ____the newspapers from government interference.

A. safeguard

B. prevent

C. guard

D. avoid

8. If you don’t complete the work according to the contract, I will _____ you for damages.

A. accuse

B. charge

C. sue

D. complain

9. The women were able to equal or ____the men who worked beside them.

A. surpass

B. exceed

C. overtake

D. lagged

10. Financial worries gradually ____ his health and he was obliged to retire early.

A. undermined

B. disabled

C. exhausted

D. invalidated

III. Cloze

Directions:In this section.there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank of the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Looking back on years of living in a working-class home in the North of England, I should say that a good living room must 11_ three principal things: homeliness, warmth and plenty of good food. The living-room is the warm heart of the family and 12__ often slightly stuffy to a middle-class visitor. It is not a social centre but a family center; little entertaining goes on there or in the front room, if there __13__ to be one; you do not entertain in anything approaching the middle-class _14 The wife's social life outside her _15_ family is found over the washing-line, at the little shop on the corner, visiting relatives at a moderate _16_ occasionally, and perhaps now and again a visit with her husband to his pub or club. Apart from these two places, he has just his work and his football matches. They will have, each of them, friends at all these places, who may well not know what the inside of their house is like, having never "stepped across the threshold," as the old _17_ phrase has it. The family hearth is 18 for the family itself, and those who are "something to us"(another favorite formula) and who look in for a talk or just to sit. Much of the free time of a man and his wife will 19 be passed at that hearth. Just staying in is still one of the

most common leisure-time 20 .

A. happens

B. professions

C. sense

D. nevertheless

E. fashioned

F. distance

G. immediate

H. usually

I. occupations J. preserved K. imitate L. provide

M. therefore N reserved 0. contribute

1. L

2. M

3. A

4. C

5. G

6. F

7. E

8. N

9. H 10. I

译文

现代红娘

婚恋网站声称已能用科学来解决如何成功配对男女这个老问题,但果真如此吗?

1. 自人类开始谈恋爱以来,局外人就总想多管闲事。不论这些局外人是父母、牧师、朋

友还是官僚,其动机大都一致:他们认为自己比当事人更清楚谁该和谁谈恋爱。

2. 不过如今,地球村里出现了一种新式红娘:互联网,它与旧式红娘有两个不同点。首先,它只有一个目的:盈利。其次,渴望寻求另一半的单身人士排着队上网交友,而不会抱怨它像传统红娘那样唠唠叨叨。因为,婚恋网站提供了不论传统红娘还是在酒吧、车站、成人礼中的邂逅都不能提供的两个保证:第一,可选择的对象数量大大增加;第二,用经过科学验证的方法将合适的男女配对,使他们“从此幸福快乐”的几率更大。

3. 婚恋网站能提供更多选择这点无可争议,但它能否带来更好的结果呢?还有,“经过科学验证的算法”果真有效吗?这些算法能够以传统的求爱方式(或至少,调情)无法胜任的方式帮用户找到合适的对象吗?这些问题是伊利诺州西北大学以伊莱?芬克尔为首的一组心理学家在一篇论文中提出的,论文在情人节的几天前发表,这可能并非巧合。这篇刊登在《公众利益的心理科学》杂志上的论文重新考察了自1995年第一个婚恋网站https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2e5209533.html,成立以来多组心理学家所进行的研究。在文章中,芬克尔博士及其同事对这个市场达数十亿美元的网络交友产业能为人寻找合适的伴侣深表怀疑。

完美对象的模板?

4. 在考察过程中,研究者们还未及看到这些研究说明了什么,就首先发现这些研究无法解答一个问题:这些备受吹捧的配对算法到底是如何行之有效的。从商业角度看来,这似乎无可厚非。许多公司将它们的知识产权当作商业机密来保护,不会申请专利将其公之于众,而婚恋网站采取类似策略也合情合理。但这就让人无法对那些配对算法的效果进行客观的测试。所以,根本没有独立的科学证据能够证明婚恋网站的配对算法确实增加了男女双方见面时擦出火花的机会。仅有的一些这方面的论文都是网络交友公司发表的,他们并没有透露那些核心的电脑程序究竟是如何运作的。

5. 一般都认为这些算法是根据人的个性特点来进行配对的,要验证这一点倒是可能的。看看普通的交友申请表上有那么多这类问题,就知道情况确实如此。有人提出了一个假设:双方性格相似是件好事,也就是说那些性格相似的人比性格有差异者更适合在一起;但并未得到验证。为了验证这个假设,芬尔克博士引用了纽约日内瓦霍巴特与威廉?史密斯学院的波西亚?Dyrenforth在2010年发表的研究。

6. Dyrenforth博士就伴侣关系向超过20000人提问,同时也评估了他们的性格。确实,性格相似的伴侣比性格有差异的伴侣相处得更加融洽。但两者在数量上差别并不大,只有0.5%。正如芬克尔博士所说,“那些公司说它们的配对算法能够稍微增加两人发展一段持久的感情的机会,对此我没有异议;然而若那些公司说它们能为你找到你的灵魂伴侣,那我表示怀疑。”

7. 但婚恋网站的第二项保证——大量的选择——就应该能够提高你找到神奇的另一半的几率吧?但这点同样并非表面看上去那么简单。

8. 有些婚恋网站的算法用的并非“我们最清楚”式的专横做法,相反,却让用户决定他(她)要找什么样的人然后从网站名单里找出尽可能多符合标准的匹配对象提供给用户。

9. 此处关键的假设当然是人们认为自己想要的就是他们所需要的。固然,所有消费者决策都是建立在这个假设之上的。但是,上网选择未来性伴侣时改变心意与网购书籍或洗衣机时改变心意可不一样,前者会令你更加纠结。而且,相关数据也说明人们并不太了解他们想要什么。例如,芬克尔博士自己进行的其中一个研究表明,人们在进行与网络交友类似的活动——快速约会时,一开始所说的喜好与其实际喜欢的对象类型的性格并不怎么一致。

10. 其实,有大量的选择甚至可能是个问题。关于消费者选择(从巧克力到餐馆酒单)的研究表明,选择并非越多越好。在六种巧克力或十二种酒中作出选择要比在三四十种中选择来得容易。婚恋网站提供给你的可能不止几十个人,而是几千个所谓适合你的人。

爱情超市

11. 同样,挑对象也像在琳琅满目的商品中作出选择一样困难,这不足为奇。在网络交友领域芬克尔博士找不到直接解答这个问题的研究,但快速约会再次提供了答案。他在其中发现了一些研究表明,当人们面临大量选择时,就不太会注意那些需要思考和交流才能进行评价的特质(如职位、受教育程度),而会比较注重外表。换言之,太多选择会钝化人的批判思维。

12. 所以,芬克尔博士重新考察种种研究后得出了以下结论:通过网络寻找真爱并不比其他方式容易。这个并非不上网交友的理由。只不过,不论是泡在本地咖啡馆或在街头一时冲动驻足搭讪与你四目交投的陌生人,还是手握鼠标在婚恋网站上四处乱点、憧憬着终有一日会被丘比特之箭射中,爱情之神眷顾你的几率大概是一样的。

Text C

II. Vocabulary

Directions:In this section,you are required to select one word for each blank from A、B、C and D to complete each of the following sentences.

1. This attitude is reflected in the __ taken a decade or so which showed that seven out of ten American mothers did not want their second child.

A) photograph B) table C) chart D) poll

2. Your usual teacher has lost his voice and _C_ I am taking his place today.

A) nevertheless B) however C) accordingly D) moreover

3. This expert will __C_ his remarks to e-business this time.

A) coordinate B) render C) confine D) depict

4. We would never have secured our independence without the aid you _A_.

A) rendered B) requested C) presented D) pursued

5. _A_ energy under the earth must be released in one form or another, for example, an earthquake.

A) Accumulated B) Assembled C) Gathered D) Collected

6. It has always __C_ me why you believe the Earth is flat.

A) confused B) misled C) puzzled D) wondered

7. Our ear becomes less sensitive to _A_ greater than 4,000 cycles per second.

A) frequencies B) variations C) ratios D) volumes

8. You have to __D_ grammar mistakes from the essay before you hand it in.

A) judge B) display C) reveal D) eliminate

9. His injured wrist began to _B_.

A) exaggerate B) swell C) soar D) enhance

10. In spite of the _A_ economic forecasts, manufacturing output has risen slightly.

A) gloomy B) miserable C) shadowy D) obscure

II. Translation

Directions: Translate the famous words from Chinese into English.

中国科技馆的诞生来之不易。与国际著名科技馆和其他博物馆相比,它先天有些不足,后天也常缺乏营养,但是它成长的步伐却是坚实而有力的。它在国际上已被公认为后起之秀。世界上第一代博物馆属于自然博物馆,它是通过化石、标本等向人们介绍地球和各种生物的演化历史。第二代属于工业技术博物馆,它所展示的是工业文明带来的各种阶段性结果。这两代博物馆虽然起到了传播科学知识的作用,但是,它们把参观者当成了被动的旁观者。世界上第三代博物馆是充满全新理念的博物馆。在这里,观众可以自己去动手操作,自己细心体察。这样,他们可以更贴近先进的科学技术,去探索科学技术的奥妙。

中国科技馆正是这样的博物馆!它汲取了国际上一些著名博物馆的长处,设计制作了力学、光学、电学、热学、声学、生物学等展品,展示了科学的原理和先进的科技成果。

The first generation of museums are what might be called natural museums which, by means of fossils, specimens and other objects, introduced to people the evolutionary history of the Earth and various kinds of organisms. The second generation are those of industrial technologies which presented the fruits achieved by industrial civilization at different stages of industrialization. Despite the fact that those two generations of museums helped to disseminate / propagate / spread scientific knowledge, they nevertheless treated visitors merely as passive viewers.

The third generation of museums in the world are those replete with / full of wholly novel concepts / notions / ideas. In those museums, visitors are allowed to operate the exhibits with their own hands, to observe and to experience carefully. By getting closer to the advanced science and technologies in this way, people can probe into their secret mysteries.

The China Museum of Science and Technology is precisely one of such museums. It has incorporated some of the most fascinating features of those museums with international reputation. Having designed and created exhibits in mechanics, optics, electrical science, thermology, acoustics, and biology. Those exhibits demonstrate scientific principles and present the most advanced scientific and technological achievements.

译文

1. 眼下,如果我们能向墨西哥湾投放一大桶细菌,这些细菌除了吃掉大量石油,并将其消化成无害的零星小块别无它事.那就太棒了.与此同时,我们还用那些能吞噬草屑或海藻,然后吐出燃料的微生物驱动清污船.这样一来,我们压根儿就不用再在墨西哥湾海底钻洞取油了.

2. 这就是合成生物学的前景.据那些试图向我解释何为合成生物学的一些人的说法,用市场推广的措辞描述合成生物学各研究领域大致说来就是科学家们摆弄生物片断造出有用的东西,近似活的乐高积木.几周前合成生物学领域有了最新的突破,这一消息让撰写新闻标题的编辑们难以落笔,不知是题为“破天荒的创始”还是“作法自毙的怪行”。据说,生物学先锋人士克雷格·文特尔首次在实验室里创造出了生命。文特尔的做法是以一个稍经转换的合成基因组取代细胞中自然基因组,然后细胞据这一发出指令的基因组繁殖,这使科学稍稍步入了科学幻想的王国.

3. 人造生命(如由藻类制成的生物燃料,寻找肿瘤的微生物导弹)诞生时所具有的优势便包含危险:万一那些吞食石油的细菌如同恐怖电影里总有的那样发生了变异,并开始吞食其他的东西,譬如开始吞食我们人类,那又该怎么办?难怪生物伦理学家们谈论合成生物时的口吻就跟谈电影《侏罗纪公园》中的角色似的.一个叫"“黑斯廷斯中心”的生物伦理研究机构的主席托马斯·默里就说过,“跟生物实体打交道时,我们感到生命有一种总能设法存在下去的倾向”.

4. 核电站出现事故已够糟糕了.但是,生物反应堆发生泄露,那情况就会更糟,因为各种细菌一旦逃出人类视线,便会学到新的伎俩.默里指出, 微生物善于互换脱氧核糖核酸——“像是微生物的法式亲吻”.我们投进海洋里去吸吮漏油的细菌,到头来没准会跟其他生物互换脱氧核糖核酸.他认为, “要在真正了解若把这些微生物投放到自然环境中去会冒何种风险, 我们尚有很大差距.”

5. 这一切表明我们必须实行仔细的监督管理。但是,我们并未表明在这方面做得多好.科学与政治的交叉路口是个有风险的地方.要验证此点,你只需想想虽然过去十几年里吵吵闹闹,争论激烈,可是时至今日我们仍未制定出一部禁止克隆人的联邦法律,有的只是一种科学上的限制而已。2001年,乔治·w.布什总统因决定限制对干细胞研究的联邦拨款而被指责为把科学政治化,而2009年,奥巴马总统则因撤销这一决定而大受赞扬,尽管他的做法可能也是政治行为。如果你觉得胚胎不具有道德约束力,那就尽可以反对布什的有关干细胞的决定;反之,如果你认为胚胎具有道德约束力,那就尽可以反对奥巴马的做法.但是,两位总统谁也不应该被攻击为"干扰了科学",好像科学研究(特别是由公共财政支持的科学研究)不应受监管似的。左翼人士

或许对专家小组的研究结果有信心,右翼人士则奉市场的自由原则为圭皋。但是,在这个问题上,本人则主张一种更加开放而广泛的辩论.没有公众的监督,有朝一日,我们无疑会一觉醒来,听到一些关于私人研究所取得突破性进展的令人毛骨悚然的新闻:如人兽混交体,克隆娃娃,专门用作采集其器官的胎儿.

6. 当实验室已经在培养新的人和机器的混合体的时候(这些混合体的创造者使用的是电脑键盘),看来谁疯了才会放言什么政治不应干预研究云云.实际上,有关文特尔取得了突破的消息刚一传出,奥巴马就要求他的生物伦理委员会"优先对这一里程碑式的科学突破所带来的影响进行研究",包括对它的"任何健康,安全或别的方面的潜在风险"的评估.

7. 人类进步的道路总要通过由道德、医学、宗教、政治构成的四叉路口;无论你走向何方,你都可能会与其他人所深深持有的理念发生冲突。文特尔的爆炸性新闻重启了那最古老的有关道德伦理的辩论,即,科学家是否在充当上帝,抑或因为有人在马里兰的郊区重演创世纪而证明上帝并不存在。也有人对此种担忧不以为然,其理由是创造新的生命形式并非等于创造新的生命.我的一位医生朋友表示,“无论从哪个角度讲,他们都并未创造出生命,跟发明录音机的人播放卡式磁

带不是一码子事”。

8. 人们定然会对科学家在啥情况下才算是越过了最基本的道德底线意见不一。道德底线该划在哪儿倒是我们应该公开地事先辩论的更多原因,而不是等到既成事实后研究者们欢庆某些技术成果,而我们这些大众则因为此要付出何种代价而惑然.

全新版大学英语综合教程1课后翻译题答案

Unit 1 Growing Up Ⅱ. Translation 1.那是个正规宴会,我照妈妈对我讲的那样穿着礼服去了。(formal) As it was a formal dinner party, I wore formal dress, as Mother told me to. 2.他的女朋友劝他趁抽烟的坏习惯尚未根深蒂固之前把它改掉。(take hold) His girlfriend advised him to get out of/get rid of his bad habit of smoking before it took hold. 3.他们预料到下几个月电的需求量很大,决定增加生产。(anticipate) Anticipating that the demand for electricity will be high during the next few months, they have decided to increase its production. 4.据说比尔因一再违反公司的安全规章而被解雇。(violate) It is said that Bill has been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. / Bill is said to have been fired for continually violating the company’s safety rules. 5.据报道地方政府已采取适当措施避免严重缺水(water shortage)的可能性。 (avoid, severe) It is reported that the government has taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. /The local government is reported to have taken proper measures to avoid the possibility of a severe water shortage. 苏珊(Susan)因车祸失去了双腿。有一段时间,她真不知如何面对自己再也不能行走的事实。 一天,苏珊在浏览杂志时,被一个真实故事吸引住了。那个故事生动地描写了一个残疾(disabled)姑娘是如何成为一位作家的。苏珊读后深受鼓舞,开始相信她最终会成为一个有用的人生活下去。 Inspire vivid scan face up with finally Susan lost her legs because of / in a car accident. For a time, she didn’t know how to face up to the fact that she would never (be able to) walk again. One day, while scanning (through) some magazines, a true story caught her eye /she was attracted by a true story. It gave a vivid description of how a disabled girl became a writer. Greatly inspired, Susan began to feel that she, too, would finally be bale to lead a useful life. Unit 2 Friendship II. Translation 1)半个小时过去了,但末班车还没来。我们只好走路回家。(go by) Half an hour had gone by, but the last bus hadn’t come yet. We had to walk home.

新视野大学英语翻译答案

汉译英 Unit1 1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家,无论你做了多么充足的准备,你都很难在这样嘈杂的招待会上发表演讲。(no matter how) No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you have prepared your speech ,you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception. 2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关系吉米一样,吉米也关系他们(just as) Just as all his sister ’ s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared about them 3.汽车生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码,以便帮助找回被盗的车辆。(track down)Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several places on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles. 4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话,我就不再和你说话了。(tell on) If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more. 5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子,但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。(on one’s own) Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children. 6.现在需要面对的事情是:如何筹集创建公司所需的资金。(reckon with) Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company. Unit2 1.被告是位年仅30岁的女子,她坚持称自己无罪 The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence. 2.总体看来,枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源。 All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron . 3正餐时不供应饮料,饮料会影响消化。 No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion. 4.考虑到那个地区受欢迎的程度,提前订旅馆是明智的。 Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 5.服药后若有呕吐感,请立即停止服用并立刻咨询医生。 If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible. 6.总结这次讨论时,他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题。 Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem. Unit3 1.在思维方面,与他的行为一样,他是非常传统的。 In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional. 2..教师一旦同意接受新的教学计划,他们就得面对新计划所带给他们的压力。 Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them. 3.从长远看,大学毕业后继续深造而不是直接参加工作是值得的。 In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one ’ s study after graduatin g from university instead of going to work directly. 4.由于这所学校的办学宗旨是品德第一,所以道德观和学习成绩受到同样的重视。 As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally. 5.据说,原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。

商务英语词汇与翻译

Unit 1 外资企业foreign enterprise 合资企业joint venture 合作企业cooperative enterprise 龙头企业 a locomotive 国有企业state-owned enterprise 私营企业privately-owned enterprise 荣誉企业honorable enterprise 优质企业qualified enterprise 一级企业class A enterprise 跨国公司multinational company 母公司parent company 子公司subsidiary company 总公司head office 分公司branch office 代表处representative offices 上市公司listed company 私人股份有限公司private limited company 拳头产品core product 环保产品environment-friendly product 专业生产经营specialize in, engage in, handle a range of business including… 占地面积cover an area of… 年产量with an annual output 具有自营进出口权being entitled to self-import and self-export rights 奉行坚持..原则;以..宗旨,在…方针指 导下 abide by the principles of …, adhere to the aims of…, based on the motto of the company 产品销往products have been distributed to 获得奖项rank the titles 通过ISO9000 质量认证 be granted the Certificate of ISO9000 International Quality System unit 2 ?维持升幅to an increase sustain) ?到达最高点to reach a peak ?保持不变to remain constant/ stable ?降到最低点to bottom out ?正值…之际on the occasion of ?代表on the behalf of ?承蒙盛情邀请at the gracious invitation of ?年会annual meeting ?商界的朋友们friends from the business community ?marketing presentation营销报告会 ?sales representative 销售代表 ?sales record 销售记录 ?customers’satisfaction顾客满意度 ?manufacturer 生产商 ?retailer 零售商 ?merchant wholesaler 批发商 ?commission agent 佣金代理商 ?facilitating agent 服务代理商 ?经销渠道distribution channel ?营销目标marketing objective ?战略营销strategic marketing ?目标市场target market ?潜在的风险和potential threats and opportunities ?可控因素controllable components ?销售业绩sales performance Unit 3 1、Business relations and cooperation business connections business cooperation technological cooperation scope of cooperation mutually beneficial relations close relationship to cement / continue / enlarge / promote / improve / maintain / interrupt / restore / speed up / reactivate business relationship to reach an agreement to make a deal 2、Investment a heavy /a long-term/ a profitable/ a safe and sure investment foreign direct investment (FDI) portfolio investment investment environment investment intent/ partner exclusively foreign-owne enterprise joint venture cooperative enterprise equity joint venture contractual joint venture 3、Form of Trade merchandise exports and imports service exports and imports bilateral trade leasing trade processing with supplied material processing with imported materials processing with supplied sample assembling with supplied parts 4、Describing products genuine article imitation low-priced goods low quality goods inferior goods superior quality unfinished products top grade goods showy goods high-tech products durable consumer goods modern and elegant in fashion complete in specifications sophisticated technology attractive and durable skillful manufacture 5、Credit commercial credit trade reputation

英语 大学英语综合教程2 翻译

一The rumor of the divorce was nothing but a means of hype for his new movie 离婚 他孤注一掷,用父母留给他的所有钱来开一家工厂。 He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the mone y his parents had left him. After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.(赢得那场重要的比赛后) 4) 在全球化热潮中,我们要提防不同文化的冲突 In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures. 在这种情况下In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble. 6) 这婴儿非常健康。The baby is the very picture of health. 7) 人们已经意识到儿童接触有关暴力和色情电视节目的危害。 People have realized the dangers of exposing children to vio lence and sex on TV. 8) 我们始终考虑到我们是在为谁制作这部影片。(have in mind) We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.三单元 2他在中学教书,但也兼职些翻译来取外快。 He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work o n the side to bring extra money 3自信是件好事,但自信与自员是有区别的 it's good to be confident (about yourself), but there is a differen ce between confidence and conceit 4.只有坚持到底的人才会成功。半运而度的人永远也无法实现梦想。 Only those who stick it out can achieve success Those who give up halfway will never realize their dreams 5一个真正的英雄有勇气,有高尚的目标,而且乐于奉献 A true hero possesses/has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices 6任何人只要章起这本小说读了第一段,敦会发现很难把它放下。 Anyone who picked up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down 7从某中意义上说,生活就像游冰。如果总是扶任池边,就也学不会。 In a sense, life is like swimming. if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you will never learn 3一个民族的前在很大程度上取决于其数育与培训的质量 The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training 二 1只有那些有过类似经历的人,オ能够完全理解这一点。 Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully ap preciate this. 3我更特别感谢每一个在这些年来以不同方式做出了贡献的人 i'd like to express my special thanks to everyone who has contribut ed over the years in one way or another

全新版大学英语3综合教程课后习题翻译原题及答案

1.我们的计算机系统出了毛病,但我觉得问题不大 We have a problem with the computer system, but I think it’s fairly minor. 2.父亲去逝的时候我还小,不能独立生活。就在那时,家乡的父老接过了教育我的责任。My father died when I was too young to live on my own. The people of my hometown took over my upbringing at that point. 3.这些玩具必须得达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童 The toys have to meet strict safety requirements before they can be sold to children. 4.作为新闻和舆论的载体,广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。 Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion. 5.至于这本杂志,它刊载了世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要 When it comes to this magazine, it is/ carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world. 1.虽然受到全球金融危机后果的巨大影响,但是我们仍然相信我们能够面对挑战,克服危机。Though greatly affected by the consequences of the global financial crisis, we are still confident that we can face up to the challenge and overcome the crisis. 2.在持续不断的沙尘暴的威胁下,我们被迫离开我们喜爱的村庄,搬迁到新的地方。 Under threat of constant sand storms, we were compelled to leave our cherished village and move to the new settlement. 3.根据最近的网上调查,许多消费者说他们也许会有兴趣考虑购买电视广告中播放的产品。According to a recent online survey, a lot of consumers say they may be motivated to consider buying products shown in TV commercials. 4.看到卡车司机把受污染的废弃物倒在河边,老人马上向警方报告 Having spotted a truck driver dumping contaminated waste alongside the river, the old man reported to the police at once. 5.一些科学家坚信人们总有一天会喜欢转基因农作物的,因为它们能够提高产量,帮助发展 中国家战胜饥荒和疾病 Some scientists hold to the firm conviction that people will come to like genetically modified crops someday since they can increase yields and help combat hunger and disease in the developing world. 1.无论是在城市还是农村,因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。 The Internet is changing the way people live, whether they are in urban or rural areas. 2.和大公司相比,中小公司更容易受到金融危机的威胁。 Medium-sized and small companies are more vulnerable to the threat of the global economic crisis than large ones. 3.关于期末论文,教授要求我们先分析失业图表,然然后对过家的经济发展提供批评性的见解。 With regard to our term paper, the professor asked us to analyze the unemployment chart first, and then provide critical reflections on the nations economic development. 4.他从来也没有想到他们队会大比分赢得那场篮球赛。 It never occurred to him that their team would win the basketball match by a large margin.

新视野大学英语第三版第一册课后翻译答案.doc

新视野大学第三版book1英语课后翻译答案 Unit1 苏格拉底是古希腊哲学家,被誉为现代西方哲学的奠基人。他是一个谜一般的人物,人们主要通过后来的一些古典作家的叙述,尤其是他最著名的学生柏拉图的作品去了解他。苏格拉底以他对伦理学的贡献而闻名。他的教学法亦称为苏格拉底法,即通过提问和回答来激发批判性思维以及阐述观点。该方法在各种讨论中仍被普遍使用。他还在认识论和逻辑领域作出了重大而深远的贡献。他的思想和方法所带来的影响一直是后来的西方哲学的坚实基础。苏格拉底是古代哲学史上最丰富多彩的人物。他在他那个时代已威名远扬。虽然他未曾建立什么哲学体系,未曾设立什么学派,也未曾创立什么宗派,但他的名字很快就变得家喻户晓了。 Confucius was a great thinker and educator in Chinese history. He was the founder of Confucianism and was respectfully referred to as an ancient “sage”. His words and life story were recorded in The Analects. An enduring classic of ancient Chinese culture, The Analectshas had a great influence on the thinkers, writers, and statesmen that came after Confucius. Without studying this book, one could hardly truly understand the thousands-of-years’traditional Chinese culture. Much of Confucius’thought, especially his thought on education, has had a profound influence on Chinese society. In the 21st century, Confucian thought not only retains the attention of the Chinese, but it also wins an increasing attention from the international community. Unit2 圣诞节是一个被广泛庆祝的文化节日,全世界有许许多多的人在12月25日庆祝这一节日。它是为了纪念耶稣基督的诞辰。该节日最早可追溯到公元336年。渐渐地,这一节日演变为一个既是宗教又是非宗教的节日,越来越多的非基督徒也庆祝圣诞节。如今,圣诞节在全球被作为一个重大的节日和公共假日来庆祝。不同国家的圣诞节风俗也各不相同。现代流行的圣诞接风俗包括交换圣诞贺卡和圣诞礼物、唱圣诞歌曲、参加教堂活动、摆放各种圣诞装饰品和圣诞树、举行家庭聚会以及准备一顿特别的大餐。对小孩子们来说,这个节日充满了幻想和惊喜。据传说,圣诞老人会在圣诞夜从烟囱进入每户人家,给乖巧听话的孩子带来礼物。由于圣诞节送礼物以及许多其他方面推动了基督徒和非基督徒的经济活动,圣诞节也因此成为商家的一个重大活动和主要销售季。 According to the Chinese lunar calendar, August 15 of every year is a traditional Chinese festival-the Mid-Autumn Festival. This day is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn. One of the important Mid-Autumn Festival activities is to enjoy the moon. On that night, people gather together to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival, looking up at the bright moon and eating moon cakes. The festival is also a time for family reunion. People living far away from home will express their feelings of missing their hometowns and families at this festival, all expressing people’s love and hope for a happy life. Since 2008, the Mid-Autumn Festival has become an official national holiday in China.

英语词汇学课本与译文

Introduction 绪论 0.1 The nature and Domain of English lexicology 英语词汇学的定义及研究范围 Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and meanings of words. 词汇学是语言学的一个分支,研究词汇的起源和意义。 English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the morphological structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantic structures, relations, historical development, formation and usages. 英语词汇学研究英语词汇的形态结构、词的对应及其语义结构、词义关系、词的历史演变、词的构成及词的用法等。 English lexicology is a theoretically-oriented course. 英语词汇学是一门理论性课程。 It is chiefly concerned with the basic theories of words in general and of English words in particular. 该课程主要论述词汇学的基本理论,特别是英语词汇的理论知识。 However, it is a practical course as well, for in the discussion, we shall inevitably deal with copious stocks of words and idioms, and study a great many usage examples. 但是,英语词汇学也是一门实践性课程,在该书的论述中,我们将遇到大量的词汇和习语,学习大量词汇用法实例。 Naturally, there will be a large quantity of practice involved. 当然,同时还要接触到大量的词汇练习。 0.2 Its Relation to Other Disciplines 英语词汇学与其它学科的关系 English lexicology itself is a subbranch of linguistics. 英语词汇学是语言学的一个分支。 But it embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, semantics, etymology, stylistics, lexicography. 但它却与其他学科相关,如形态学、语义学、词源学、文体学和词典学等。 Each of them has been established as a discipline in its own right. 而这些学科都各成一门学科。 Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words, primarily through the use of morpheme construct. 形态学是语法学的一个分支,主要通过运用词素(形位)结构研究词的结构或形式。 This is one of the major concerns of lexicology, for we shall discuss the inflections of words and word-formation and examine how morphemes are combined to form words and words to form sentences. 这是词汇学研究的主要内容之一,因为研究词汇就必需讨论的屈折变化和构词法,考察词素如何构成词、词如何构成句子。 Etymology is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words. 词源学研究词的形式和意义的起源及其历史变化。 Modern English is derived from the languages of early Germanic tribes with a fairly small vocabulary. 现代英语源于词汇量颇小的古日尔曼语。 We shall study how this small vocabulary has grown into a huge modern English vocabulary and explain the changes that have taken place in the forms and meanings of words. 我们将研究这门词汇量很小的语言是如何发展成为词汇量庞大的现代英语,并解释英语词汇的形式和意义是如何变化的。 Stylistics is the study of style. 文体学研究文体。 It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular context for special effects. 主要对语用者在特定语境中如何选择语言要素(即如何选择用词、句型等)以达到特定的表达效果进行观察研究。 Among the areas of study: lexis, phonology, syntax, graphology, we shall concentrate on lexis, exploring the stylistic values of words. 在文体学所研究的词汇、音系学、句法学和书写法范围中,我们主要研究词汇,探讨词汇的文体价值。Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form, meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a pragmatic difference. 词典学和词汇学探讨同样的问题:词汇的形式、意义、词汇的起源及用法,但两者在语用上还有差异。 A lexicographer’s task is to record the language as it is used so as to present the genuine picture of words to the reader, providing authoritative reference, whereas the student of lexicology is to acquire the knowledge and information of lexis so as to increase their lexical awareness and capacity of language use. 词典学家的任务是实录词汇的用法并把词汇用法的真实情形呈现给读者,为其提供权威性的参考;而词汇学家则是研究词汇的知识和信息,以增强读者对词汇的了解和语言的使用能力。 Though English lexicology has a wide coverage of academic areas, our task is definite and consistent. 英语词汇学的研究范围很大,但我们的任务是明确而系统的。 That is to study English words in different aspects and from different angles. 即从不同角度研究英语词汇的各个方面。0.3 Method of Study 英语词汇学的研究方法 There are generally two approaches to the study of words, namely synchronic and diachronic. 一般来说,词汇研究有两种

新世纪大学英语综合教程1翻译答案(全)

(1)这个婴儿还不会爬(crawl),更不要说走了。(let alone) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk! (2)威尔声称谋杀案发生时他正在与一群朋友吃饭,但是我认为他在说谎。(claim, in one’s opinion) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3)一定程度上阅读速度与阅读技巧密切相关;有了阅读技巧,你就可以更好地应对课外阅读了。(to a certain extent, relate …to …, cope with) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4)根据规则他俩都可以参加比赛。(according to) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game. (5)有些人想当然地认为日语(Japanese)中的每一个词在汉语中都有对应的词语。(assume, equivalent) Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word. (6)我们已将所有的相关信息告知了警方。(relevant) We have passed all relevant information on to the police. (7)关于那件事你问我再多的问题也没用,因为我是不会回答你的。(it’s no use) There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won't answer. (8)事先没有仔细阅读合同(contract)就签了名是吉姆的错误。(on one’s part) It was a mistake on Jim's part to sign the contract without reading it carefully. (9)他们拒绝向我们提供所需要的全部信息。(provide …with) They refused to provide us with all the information we need. (10) 这起事故与三年前发生的一起事故极为相似。(similar to) This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago. (11)这部影片是根据莎士比亚的戏剧改编的。(base on) The film is based on a play by Shakespeare (12)如果你的英语和电脑技能都掌握得好,那么你在谋职时就一定比别人更有优势。(have an advantage over) If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage over others in finding a job.

全新版大学英语(第二版)综合教程1课文翻译

为自己而写 从孩提时代,我还住在贝尔维尔时,我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头,但直等到我高中三年级,这—一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前,我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作,老师读着受累,我写着痛苦。 弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时,我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板,完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了,古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜,微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐,梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装,白衬衣领扣外的领带打得——丝不苟。他救着古板的尖下巴,古板的直鼻梁,说起话来—·本正经,字斟句酌,彬彬有礼,活脱脱一个橱稽的老古董。 我作好准备,打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上—·年,不少日子过去了,还真率出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸,出了不少题供我们选择。像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有,但绝大多数—样乏味。我把作文题带回家,——直没写,直到要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上,最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课,便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗—看。我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。… 这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来,当时,我们大家——起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过,在座的大人也是经验不足,没有—个吃起来得心应手的。艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中,我回想起来,当晚我们笑作—团,争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。 突然我就想描述那…切,描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛,但我把它写下来仅仅是想白得其乐,而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。那是我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。然而,照我希望的那样去写,就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它—个不及格。没关系。等我为自己写好了之后,我可以再为弗利格尔先生写点什么别的东西。 等我写完时已是半夜时分,再没时间为弗利格尔先生写——篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。第二天上午,我别无选择,只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文,他把别人的都发了,·就是没有我的。我正准备着遵命—放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训,却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文,敲了敲桌子让大家注意听。 “好了,孩子们,”他说。“我要给你们念一篇小品文。文章的题目是:吃意大利细面条的艺术。” 于是他开始念了。是我写的!他给全班大声念我写的文章。更不可思议的是,全班同学都在听着他念,而且听得很专心。有人笑出声来,接着全班都笑了,不是轻蔑嘲弄,而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑。就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次,好抑制他那丝拘谨的微笑。我尽力不流露出得意的心情,但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑,我真是心花怒放。就在十——年级,可谓是最后的时刻,我找到了一个今生想做的事。这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的——刻。弗利格尔先生念完后说道:“瞧,孩子们,这就是小品文,懂了没有。这才是一知道吗——这才是小品文的精髓,知道了没有。祝贺你,贝克先生。”他这番话使我沉浸 在十全十美的幸福之中

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