2017英语牛津译林版一轮考点规范练3(模块一 Unit 3)

考点规范练3(模块一Unit 3)

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

(2015·河北唐山一模)

The spread of Western eating habits around the world is bad for human health and the environment.These findings come from a new report in the journal Nature.

David Tilman,a professor of ecology at the University of Minnesota,America,examined information from 100 countries to identify what people ate and how a diet affected health.He noted a movement beginning in the 1960s.He found that as nations industrialized(工业化),population increased and earnings rose,more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet.

The Western diet is high in sugar,fat,oil and meat.By eating these foods,people began to get fatter and sicker.David Tilman says overweight people are at greater risk for non-infectious diseases like diabetes(糖尿病)and heart disease.

Unfortunately when people become industrialized,if they adopt this Western diet,they are going to have these health problems,especially in developing countries in Asia.China is an example where the number of diabetes cases has been jumping from less than one percent to 10 percent of the population as they began to industrialize over a 20-year period.And that is happening all across the world,in Mexico,in Nigeria and so on.

And,a diet bad for human beings,is also bad for the environment.As the world’s population grows,more forests and tropical(热带的)areas will become farmlands for crops or grasslands for cattle.We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now.

Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet,the environment and human health,“a trilemma”—a problem offering a difficult choice.He says one possible solution is leaving the Western diet behind.

【语篇导读】《自然》杂志上一篇新的报告指出,西方饮食对人的健康和环境有不良影响,人们应警惕西方饮食带来的危害。

1.According to the passage,more greenhouse gas might be given off in the future from .

A.transportation

B.developing countries

C.agriculture

D.developed countries

答案:C

解析:细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句“We are likely to have more greenhouse gas in the future from agriculture than that coming out of all forms of transportation right now”可知,未来更多的温室气体排放可能来自于农业,故选C项。

2.David Tilman believes that .

A.the diet,the environment and human health are closely connected

B.the Western diet is the only choice as the nation industrializes

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C.people in tropical areas are more likely to have heart disease

D.traditional diets are more balanced than the Western diet

答案:A

解析:推理判断题。根据最后一段的第一句“Mr.Tilman calls the link between the diet,the environment and human health...a difficult choice”可知,Tilman先生把日常饮食、环境和人的健康之间的联系称为三难困境。由此可知,它们三个是紧密相关的,故选A项。

3.We can infer from the passage that .

A.Nigeria has the largest number of diabetes cases

B.overweight people are at higher risk of infectious diseases

C.the examined information comes from developing countries

D.industrialization contributes to the spread of the Western diet

答案:D

解析:推理判断题。根据第二段的最后一句“He found that as nations industrialized,population increased and earnings rose,more people began to adopt what has been called the Western diet”可推知,工业化、人口增长和收入增加造成了西方饮食的传播,故D项正确。

4.The main purpose of the passage is to .

A.call on us to protect the environment

B.warn us of the danger of the Western diet

C.remind us of the importance of health

D.advise us to have a balanced diet

答案:B

解析:写作意图题。综合全文,尤其是根据文章最后一段的最后一句可知,西方饮食有害健康,不利于

环境,故作者是想通过该文让人们警惕西方饮食带来的危害。

?导学号95480041?

B

Emily and her boyfriend had just had a fight.She felt alone and hopeless.Then she went into the kitchen and grabbed what she needed before going back up to her room quietly.She switched on the TV and started eating...and eating...for hours,until it was all gone.

What Emily didn’t know at the time was that she was suffering from an illness called binge-eating disorder(BED)(暴饮暴食).

For years,Emily didn’t tell anyone what she was doing.She felt ashamed,alone,and out of control.Why don’t famous people confess(承认) to BED,as they do to anorexia?It’s simple:There’s a stigma(污名) involved.“Overeating is seen as very bad,but dieting to be skinny is seen as positive and even associated with determination,”says Charles Sophy,a doctor in Beverly Hills,California.

“Some parents or friends may look at a teen with BED and think,‘Oh,a good diet and some

willpower will do the trick.’But that’s not true,”says Dr.Ovidio Bermudez,a baby doctor at the Eating

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Recovery Center in Denver.“Eating disorders are real physical and mental health issues;it’s not about willpower.”The focus in treating BED shouldn’t be on weight,because as with all eating disorders,the behaviors with food are a symptom of something deeper.

Like most other diseases,genetics may play a big part in who gets BED and who doesn’t.If you have a close relative with an eating disorder,that means you’re more likely to develop an eating disorder of your own.

Besides,many people with BED have tried at some point or another to control it by going on a diet,but paying more attention to food doesn’t help.And it might even make things worse,like it did for

Carla,who’s 15 now and is recovering from BED.“My parents would always tease me about my weight,so when I was 14,I went on a very restrictive diet,”she says.When you can’t have something,you only want it more,so every time Carla would have a bite of something that wasn’t allowed on her strict diet.She would quickly lose control and binge(狂欢).

【语篇导读】本文是说明文。文章通过事例说明了暴饮暴食症的表现、原因和治疗方法。

5.Emily began eating a lot because .

A.she was very sad

B.she was very hungry

C.she had nothing else to do

D.she wanted to put on weight

答案:A

解析:细节理解题。由第一段开头的“Emily and her boyfriend had just had a fight.She felt alone and hopeless”可知,Emily开始暴饮暴食是因为她和男友吵架后很伤心。

6.What does the underlined word “anorexia” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A.Eating too much.

B.Eating junk food.

C.Loss of the wish to eat.

D.Always eating in a hurry.

答案:C

解析:词义猜测题。由第三段中的“but dieting to be skinny is seen as positive and even associated with determination”可猜测,画线词的意思应是“厌食症”。

7.According to Dr.Ovidio Bermudez,people with BED .

A.just need a lot of willpower

B.can recover with a good diet

C.can recover with the help of others

D.need to deal with their health problems

答案:D

解析:推理判断题。由第四段中的“Eating disorders are real physical and mental health issues”可推断,暴饮暴食症患者需要解决他们的身心健康问题。

8.What can we learn from Carla’s story?

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A.BED is an incurable disease.

B.BED has something to do with genes.

C.Going on a diet won’t help BED patients.

D.BED patients should pay attention to their food.

答案:C

解析:推理判断题。由最后一段中的“When you can’t have something,you only want it more...She would quickly lose control and binge”可推断,节食对暴饮暴食症患者没有帮助。

Ⅱ.七选五

When I was working in Washington,D.C.,I used to take the subway to work.Every morning as I got off the subway and rode the escalator(自动扶梯) to street level,I would hear the same man’s voice.He always made a deep loud sound in the manner of Robin Williams,an American actor,in the comedy movie “Good Morning,Vietnam”,only his message was,“Good Morning,America!”1. I was always in a hurry,he was half blocking the exit off the escalator,and sometimes he would look at me and speak directly to me.2.

Then one Christmas morning as I stepped onto the escalator,I could hear this beautiful and lyrical(抒情诗般的) version of “Joy to the World” greeting me.3. Although there was no instrumental accompaniment,the words and music were so bright and beautiful that I felt like I was hearing this joyful Christmas song for the first time.My heart stopped a beat and tears came to my eyes as I rode up the escalator bathed in the blessing of this perfect song.

4.Today,he stood off to the side,with his eyes closed,giving us all a wonderful Christmas present as we stepped onto the pavement to face our workday.I have carried that stranger’s precious gift with me ever since.

5.

A.I was not amused.

B.I just wished he would go away.

C.It was always crowded in the subway station.

D.Sure enough,it was Mr.Good Morning America.

E.The familiar song was being sung in a clear voice.

F.I liked the song very much although I hadn’t heard it before.

G.I often silently thank him for giving me a memory I will never forget.

答案与解析:

【语篇导读】本文是记叙文。匆忙赶路的作者厌恶每天早晨遇到的地铁艺人,而当这位地铁艺人在圣诞节唱歌给大家送去圣诞祝福时,作者倍感温暖。

1.A解析:根据本空前后两句内容可知,这位地铁艺人以一部喜剧片中演员表演的方式唱歌来博取

大家的眼球,但是由于作者匆匆忙忙赶路,而且这位地铁艺人还有些挡住了作者的路,因此作者“并不觉得好笑”。

2.B解析:根据本空前一句内容可知,这位地铁艺人不仅挡住了作者的路,有时还会看着作者并且直接跟作者说话,因此作者很反感,“就希望他能走开”。

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3.E解析:根据下句中的“I felt like I was hearing this joyful Christmas song for the first time”可知,这首歌作者很“熟悉”,但是表演者“清澈的嗓音”、优美的歌词和动听的旋律让作者觉得这是他第一次听

到这首欢乐的圣诞歌。

4.D解析:根据第一段内容可知,这位地铁艺人经常唱“早安,美国!”,因此,作者用“早安美国先生”来指代他。

5.G解析:根据本空前的“I have carried that stranger’s precious gift with me ever since”可知,这位地

铁艺人在圣诞节唱歌给大家送去圣诞祝福,这让作者倍感温暖,从此一直记着这份珍贵的礼物,并且“经常默默地谢谢他为自己带来这段永远不会忘记的记忆”。

Ⅲ.书面表达

假定你是高中生李华。你的美国笔友约翰对中国今年流行的电子红包(electronic red envelope)

很感兴趣,发来邮件向你询问有关信息。请你给他回一封邮件,内容包括:

1.发红包的由来;

2.电子红包的用途:商家促销,娱乐,还款;

3.你的看法。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.开头和结尾已经给出,但不计入总词数;

3.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

Dear John,

I would like to tell you more about a new trend in China—delivering electronic red envelopes.

Yours,

Li Hua 参考范文:

Dear John,

I would like to tell you more about a new trend in China—delivering electronic red envelopes.

Traditionally,red envelopes represent good luck.The Chinese give red envelopes with cash to children during the Spring Festival and to new couples at their wedding parties.However,many people sent out their New Year’s greetings through electronic red envelopes this year.

Electronic red envelopes are mainly sent by companies in order to earn more profit.Some people send electronic red envelopes to kids or friends for fun.Sometimes,one can even pay back money by sending

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electronic red envelopes.Delivering electronic red envelopes is a good way to keep Chinese tradition alive.High technology is making our lives more and more convenient and interesting.

Yours,

Li Hua

?导学号95480042?

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