南非前总统曼德拉逝世 百度用“知心”致敬

12月5日，南非国父、前总统曼德拉因病医治无效，于当地时间20点50分去世，享年95岁。消息迅即传遍全球，重击世人的情感与心灵。全球最大中文搜索引擎百度与全球网民共同哀悼，以知心搜索页面聚合曼德拉逝世新闻、祈福、事件脉络等版块，向这位为自由、为民主、为民族奋斗一生的伟人致敬。

目前，通过百度搜索“曼德拉”，搜索结果置顶位置上线通用提示，用曼德拉自传《漫漫自由路》中的一句话“生命中最伟大的光辉不在于永不坠落，而是坠落后总能再度升起”向其致敬。

知心搜索页面整体呈灰色，配合“光辉岁月”的背景音乐，网友可点击右上角祈福版块为曼德拉“送上祝福”，一只和平鸽驶过之后页面随即被点亮。

在知识搜索页面中，曼德拉去世事件的新闻专题版块，包含了各大门户的新闻专题报道，以及关于曼德拉的最新评论。页面右方，百度盘点了“曼德拉的一生”以及经典语录，同时还为网友梳理了“曼德拉去世事件脉络”，让网友能清晰地了解曼德拉的近期新闻和历年大事记。

事实上，百度知心搜索这种为网友提供更加丰富内容的信息聚合页面，是百度下一代搜索引擎的雏形，它改变用户从海量数据中检索、甄别、整理的传统搜索体验模式，包括排序、展现、推荐、整合等四大核心要素，强调排序的相关性、资讯的有效合理又美观的展现、推荐信息的关联性以及对浏览欲望的刺激、以搜索词为中心及各类别信息的有机整合，让网友实现“即搜即得”、“即问即答”。

据悉，除了对名人明星的信息进行整合以知心页面的形式呈现之外，百度将与网友日常生活相关的影视、母婴、医疗等信息也进行了智能聚合，为网友提供更好的用户体验。

百度用技术创新将科技与人性联系起来，让网友在体验智能化搜索结果的同时，也感受到人性的温暖。曼德拉带领南非人民穿越挫折坎坷，这是南非历史的重大转折，也是人类文明的一次重大进步。“百度希望通过知心页面的形式，让网友更为深刻、全面地了解曼德拉的事迹，感受‘曼德拉’精神，从而拥有属于自己的‘光辉岁月’。”百度方面表示。

部编本六年级下册 第二单元 达标检测卷附答案

第二单元达标检测卷 一、基础训练营(37分) 1．给下列句中的加点字选择正确的读音，打“√”。(4分) (1)鲁滨逊把捕到的活山羊畜．(xùchù)养起来。 (2)她们吵闹得非常凶，他真担心有的牛会挣．(zhēnɡzhènɡ) 断缰绳。 (3)别犯傻！你们一定会受冻挨．(āi ái)饿的。 (4)他爬到了长满荆棘和黑莓藤蔓．(màn wàn)攀缘的厚石头围 墙上，坐在那里环顾着自己的家。 2．读拼音，写词语。(8分) 3．下列词语书写正确的在括号里打“√”，错误的用“——”画出错误的字并改正。(9分) 乌和之众() 头晕目炫() 无寄于事() 慌无人烟() 得意扬扬() 天崖海角() 不可思意() 嫣知非福() 腾空而起() 4．用“续”字组成不同的词语填空。(4分) 鲁滨逊找到很多可以用、可以吃的东西，把它们()搬到岸上。他又()干了五天才搭好帐篷。大雨来了，竟然()下了半个月才停。雨停后，帐篷早已东倒西歪，鲁

滨逊只好()加固帐篷。 5．写出下列句子运用的描写方法。(4分) (1)他那淡黄的头发、鼻子上的雀斑、皮裤和袜子上的补丁都和过 去一模一样，只不过变得很小很小罢了。() (2)怎么回事，孩子！喂，快着！谁去拿杯水来！() (3)“这大概是一场梦，一种幻觉吧！”他想。() (4)于是他就丢下绳子，摸索着向那个小点走过去。() 6．按要求完成句子练习。(8分) (1)鲁滨逊再一次看到野人留下的生火的痕迹和满地的人骨。(缩句) ______________________________________________________ (2)为了不滑下来，他不得不用两只手狠狠地抓住雄鹅的羽毛。(改 为肯定句) ______________________________________________________ (3)嗓子很干。(改为夸张句) ______________________________________________________ (4)汤姆说，他觉得他是满不在乎的。(改为直接引语) ______________________________________________________ 二、综合展示厅(9分) 7．连线。(6分) 《鲁滨逊漂流记》刘易斯?卡罗尔豆蔻年华50岁《爱丽丝漫游奇境》塞尔玛?拉格洛芙花甲之年60岁《骑鹅旅行记》丹尼尔?笛福知天命之年13岁

2020年南非总统曼德拉1994年就职演讲稿

南非总统曼德拉1994年就职演讲稿 南非国父、前总统、反种族隔离斗士纳尔逊·曼德拉因病逝世，享年95岁。这是他1994年就职南非总统发表演说的演说词。 演说词 your majesties, your highnesses, distinguished guests, comrades and friends: today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by our celebrations in other parts of our country and the world,confer glory and hope to newborn liberty. out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster that lasted too long, must be born a society of which all humanity will be proud. our daily deeds as ordinary south africans must produce an actual south african reality that will reinforce humanity's belief in justice, strengthen its confidence in the nobility of the human soul and sustain all our hopes for a glorious life for all. all this we owe both to ourselves and to the peoples of the world who are so well represented here today. to my compatriots, i have no hesitation in saying that each one of us is as intimately attached to the soil of this beautiful country as are the famous jacaranda trees of pretoria and the mimosa trees of the bushveld. each time one of us touches the soil of this land, we feel a sense of personal renewal. the national mood changes as the seasons change. we are moved by a sense of joy and exhilaration when the grass turns green and the flowers bloom. that spiritual and physical oneness we all share with this common homeland explains the depth of the pain we all carried in our hearts as we saw our country tear itself apart in a terrible conflict, and as we saw it spurned, outlawed and isolated by the peoples of the world, precisely because it has become the universal base of the pernicious ideology and practice of racism and racial oppression. we, the people of south africa, feel fulfilled that humanity has taken us back into its bosom, that we, who were outlaws not so long ago, have today been given the rare privilege to be host to the nations of the world on our own soil. we thank all our distinguished international guests for having come to take

课件素材

课件素材 篇一：素材的 课件 原件精彩广博挖掘 ----再谈素材积累 1、哪些可作素材？ 2、素材在哪里？ 3、怎么样积累素材？ 1、“齐景公有马千驷，死之日，民无德而称焉。伯夷、叔齐饿死于 首阳之下，民到于今称之。 2、其为人也孝弟，而好犯上者，鲜矣；不好犯上，而好作乱者，未 之有也。君子务本，本立而道生。孝弟也者，其为人之本与 3、“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏于事而慎于言，就有道而正焉， 可谓好学也已 4、匹夫见辱，拔剑而起，挺身而斗，此不足为勇也。天下有大勇者，卒然临之而不惊，无故加之而不怒。此其所挟持者甚大，而其志甚 远也。 5、楚庄王伐郑，郑伯肉袒牵羊以逆；庄王曰：“其君能下人，必能 信用其民矣。”遂舍之

6、凡是老婆生过三个孩子及超过三个孩子的男人，都要到公社卫生院实行结扎手术。手术后，补助二十元营养费，休息一周，工分照记.. 7、为了报复他，我捡来一块狗屎，用树叶包好，藏在手里。走到他面前，我故意说：肖下唇，你舌头怎么成了黑的了？肖下唇不知是计，立即张大口。我把那块狗屎塞到他嘴里， 8、转身就那女人的目光阴沉，让我的后背阵阵发凉 9、他的眼前是连接不断的绿水。这水只是不停地向前面流去，它会把他载到一个未知的大城市去。在那里新的一切正在生长。那里有一个新的运动，有广大的群众，还有他的几个通过信而未见面的热情的年轻朋友。 10、她揩了揩脸上的泪水，凄楚的叫了两声“三少爷！觉慧！”，便纵身往湖里一跳? 11、他自愿地从父亲的肩头接过了担子，把扶助弟妹的事情作为自己的生活的目标，他愿意为他们牺牲一切。可是结果 他赶走了一个弟弟，又被另一个弟弟骂为懦夫，他能够拿什么话安慰自己呢？ 12、有些小事往往变成大事：一颗牙齿会战胜一块岩石，一只尼罗河的老鼠会杀掉一条鳄鱼，一把带柄的剑会杀掉一条鲸鱼。 13、人类的行动都是从两个起点开始，在一个人那里受到尊敬，在另一个人那里却被咒骂。

2019-2020学年度高三语文一轮复习 早读人物素材 曼德拉1

——教学资料参考参考范本——2019-2020学年度高三语文一轮复习早读人物素材曼德拉1 ______年______月______日 ____________________部门

一、人生缩影 20xx年12月5日，南非前总统曼德拉因病医治无效，于当地时间 5日20点50分去世，享年95岁。当地时间12月10日中午，数万名南非民众与将近100个国家的领导人一道聚集在约翰内斯堡足球城体育场内，共同悼念曼德拉。 曼德拉，全名纳尔逊·罗利拉拉·曼德拉，1918年生于南非特兰斯凯。20世纪五六十年代，曼德拉率领非国大从事反种族隔离武装斗争，1962年被捕入狱，1964年被判终身监禁，其后在与世隔绝的罗本岛服苦役18年。直至1990年，他才重获自由。 即便是在长达27年的牢狱生活里，曼德拉也没有放弃反对种族主义，建立一个平等、自由新南非的坚强信念，坚持要求白人政府废除种族隔离政策。1994年5月，曼德拉成为南非第一位黑人总统。掌权后的曼德拉没有报复南非的白人，而是向他们伸出了友爱之手，在南非推行民族和解。通过不懈努力，曼德拉终于缔造了一个全新的“彩虹之国”——无论肤色、性别均可以自由、平等地生活在新南非。 曼德拉的举动获得了全世界的认可。1993年，曼德拉获得诺贝尔和平奖；世纪之交，曼德拉入选“影响了20世纪的政治和社会结构的二十人”；为表彰他为和平与自由作出的贡献，20xx年第64届联合国大会通过决议，将每年7月18日（曼德拉的生日）定为“曼德拉国际日”。 二、懿行美德 曼德拉的坦诚 曼德拉在总统竞选活动期间，曾经乘坐一架小型螺旋桨飞机去纳塔耳演讲。 当飞机还有20分钟即将降落时，其中一个发动机坏了。飞机上的人开始陷入惊恐。只有曼德拉仍然安静地看报纸，仿佛一个坐火车上班的过客。飞机最终安全着陆，当曼德拉和同行的《时代》杂志执行总编辑斯坦格尔一起回到防弹的宝马车上，在后座上他转过来对斯坦格尔说：“天啊，我刚刚害怕极了！” 对于曾被囚禁在罗本岛的日子，他后来告诉斯坦格尔：“我当然害怕啦！……我不能假装我是勇敢的，不能假装我可以击败整个世界。”但是作为一个领袖，你不能让人们知道这点，“你必须装一下门面。”

2014经典演讲之比尔盖茨斯坦福演讲(双语)

2014经典演讲之比尔盖茨斯坦福演讲(双语) 2015年01月21日18:07 中英文演讲稿： Stanford University。 (斯坦福大学) BILL GATES: Congratulations, class of 2014! 比尔·盖茨：2014届毕业生，祝贺你们顺利毕业 (Cheers)。(欢呼) Melinda and I are excited to be here. It would be a thrill for anyone to be invited to speak at a Stanford commencement, but it's especially gratifying for us. Stanford is rapidly becoming the favorite university for members of our family, and it's long been a favorite university for Microsoft and our foundation。 我和梅琳达怀着激动的心情与你们欢聚在此共贺毕业。能受邀到斯坦福大学学位授予典礼上做演讲是一件让人激动的事，对我们而言，这尤为荣幸。斯坦福大学正日渐成为我们家庭成员最喜爱的大学。而长久以来，斯坦福也是微软以及比尔与梅琳达基金会最喜爱的一所大学。” Our formula has been to get the smartest, most creative people working on the most important problems. It turns out that a disproportionate number of those people are at Stanford. (Cheers)。 我们一直致力于让最聪颖有创造力的人攻克最为重要的问题。结果证明，一大部分这样的人才都来自于斯坦福校园。(欢呼) Right now, we have more than 30 foundation research projects underway here. When we want to learn more about the immune system to help cure the worst diseases, we work with Stanford. When we want to understand the changing landscape of higher education in the United States, so that more low-income students get college degrees, we work with Stanford. This is where genius lives。 如今，我们在这里进行着30多个研究项目。当我们想要通过对免疫系统的研究来寻找治愈世界上最可怕疾病的方法，我们需要斯坦福。当我们需要通过对美国高等教育的研究来帮助低收入学生上大学时，我们亦需要斯坦福。这便是人才的摇篮。 There's a flexibility of mind here, an openness to change, an eagerness for what's new. This is where people come to discover the future, and have fun doing it。 在这里，有着灵活的思维，对于改变的开放态度以及对新鲜事物的渴求。在这里，人们善于发现新事物，并乐享这份经历。 MELINDA GA TES: Now, some people call you all nerds and we hear that you claim that label with pride. (Cheers and Applause)。 梅琳达?盖茨：当下，一些人用书呆子这样词语称呼你们，而我们听说你们正为这个称呼而倍感骄傲。(欢呼和掌声)

成功者的逆向思维例子有哪些-成功者的12个逆向思维

成功者的逆向思维例子有哪些:成功者的12个逆向思维 逆向思维也叫求异思维，成功者对逆向思维的运用有很多。今天小编为大家带来了成功者的逆向思维例子，一起来看看吧! 成功者的逆向思维例子 1、曼德拉曾被关压27年，受尽虐待。他就任总统时，邀请了三名曾虐待过他的看守到场。当曼德拉起身恭敬地向看守致敬时，在场所有人乃至整个世界都静了下来。他说：当我走出囚室，迈过通往自由的监狱大门时，我已经清楚，自己若不能把悲痛与怨恨留在身后，那么我仍在狱中。 启发：原谅他人，其实是升华自己。 2、14岁的李嘉诚开始行街仔的推销生涯，从此渐入佳境，直至连续15年蝉联华人首富宝座。他这样工作：不论几点睡觉，一定在清晨5点59分闹铃响后起床。随后，他听新闻，打一个半小时高尔夫。他认为重点是打每一球时都保持冷静，有规划。一定在每天六点下班，回家后，除了拨打越洋电话，还有两件必修功课：跟着有字幕的英语节目大声朗读，以及夜晚的阅读。这两个工作都意味着一点：他最大的恐惧在于错过见证世界的变化。 启发：成功除了勤奋、创新，还有另一个朋友危机感。 3、事业初创期，被女友劈腿;成立公司遭遇失败，被封烂片之王;即使这样，他从不放弃对事业的追求，就像一架永不停歇的发动机，今天的刘德华似乎已经成为了一面迎风不倒的精神旗帜。被所有的媒体神化的一个艺人，都说他勤奋、他努力、他不会干坏事、他可以不吃、不眠、不喝，光是呼吸就可以活到五十二岁。 启发：当前后左右都没有路时，命运一定是鼓励你向上飞了。 4、有个老人爱清静，可附近常有小孩玩，吵得他要命，于是他把小孩召集过来，说：我这很冷清，谢谢你们让这更热闹，说完每人发三颗糖。孩子们很开心，天天来玩。几天后，每人只给2颗，再后来给1颗，最后就不给了。孩子们生气说：以后再也不来这给你热闹了。老人清静了。

曼德拉 议论文素材

曼德拉自幼性格刚强，崇敬民族英雄。他是家中长子而被指定为酋长继承人。但他表示：“决不愿以酋长身份统治一个受压迫的部族”，而要“以一个战士的名义投身于民族解放 事业”。他毅然走上了追求民族解放的道路。 被捕入狱 1962年8月，曼德拉被美国中情局和南非种族隔离政权逮捕入狱，当时政府以“煽动”罪和“非法越境”罪判处曼德拉5年监禁，自此，曼德拉开始了他长达28年的“监狱生涯”。 1962年10月15日，曼德拉被关押到比勒陀利亚地方监狱。在那里，曼德拉为了争取自 身利益而遭到单独关押，关押时间一日长达23小时，每天只有上午和下午各半个小时的 活动时间。在单独关押室中没有自然光线，没有任何书写物品，一切与外部隔绝。最终， 曼德拉放弃了自己的一些权利，他希望能够与他人交流。 1964年6月，南非政府以“企图以暴力推翻政府”罪判处正在服刑的曼德拉终生监禁，当年他被转移到罗本岛上。罗本岛是1960年代中期到1991年那段时间内南非最大的秘密监狱，岛上曾关押过大批黑人政治犯。曼德拉在罗本岛的狱室只有4.5平方米，在这里他受 到了非人的待遇。罗本岛上的囚犯被狱卒们逼迫到岛上的采石场做苦工。 在岛上，曼德拉希望监狱方面同意他在监狱的院子里开辟出一块菜园，监狱方面多次拒绝，但是最终还是同意了曼德拉的要求。在岛上，曼德拉依然坚持着身体锻炼，例如在牢房中 跑步，做俯卧撑进行锻炼。 1982年，曼德拉离开了罗本岛，他被转移到波尔斯摩尔监狱。自此，曼德拉结束了自己在罗本岛长达18年的囚禁。他在这里也开辟了一片菜园，并且种了将近900株植物。 因病去世 2013年12月5日，南非总统祖马宣布南非前总统曼德拉因病医治无效，于当地时间5日20点50分去世，享年95岁。 祖马说，曼德拉是在约翰内斯堡的家中去世的，他“走得很安详”，他去世时，家人都在 他的身边。“他现在安息了，我们国家失去了一个伟大的儿子”。 市民悼念 6日淩晨，曼德拉家周围挤满了前来悼念的市民，有孩子，也有老人。人们都处于悲痛之中。大家注视着曼德拉的家，默默地寄托哀思。 一个孩子的母亲哽咽着告诉新华社记者：“晚上听到曼德拉去世的消息后，全家都感到震惊。夜间气温虽然只有10摄氏度左右，然而，却挡不住大家悼念的脚步。”

部编版六年级语文下册：语文试题-第二单元课外阅读专项测试卷(含答案)人教统编版

________________________________________。(4分) 3.判断下面的句子是不是陈述句，不是的打“×”。(8分) (1)请走出心灵的监狱。( ) (2)曼德拉因为反对白人种族隔离的政策而入狱。( ) (3)他是怎样学会正确处理自己遭遇的痛苦的？( ) (4)他邀请他们起身，并把他们介绍给大家。( ) 4.下列句子能说明作者的写作目的的一项是( )(3分) A.谴责白人统治者对年事已高的曼德拉进行残酷的虐待。 B.赞扬曼德拉在就职典礼上对看守他的3名狱警的致敬。 C.告诉我们要学会冷静地处理自己遭遇的痛苦，并用极强的毅力来训练。 D.希望我们舍弃悲痛与怨恨，像曼德拉那样，让感恩与宽容永驻人间。 5.你是如何理解画波浪线的句子的？(6分) _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________ （二）我的母亲独一无二（25分） 记得我13岁时，和母亲住在法国东南部的耐斯城。母亲没有丈夫，也没有亲戚，够清苦的，但她经常能拿出令人吃惊的东西，摆在我面前。她从来不吃肉，一再说自己是素食者。然而有一天，我发现母亲正仔细地用一小块碎面包擦那给我煎牛排用的油锅。①我明白了她称自己为素食者的真正原因。 我16岁时，母亲成了耐斯市美蒙旅馆的女经理。这时，她更忙碌了。一天，她瘫在椅子上，脸色苍白，嘴唇发灰。我马上找来医生，做出诊断：她摄取了过多的胰岛素。②直到这时我才知道母亲多年来一直对我（隐藏

纳尔逊曼德拉励志演讲稿

纳尔逊曼德拉励志演讲稿 篇一：曼德拉的演讲稿 94年就职演说 曼德拉的演讲稿（译文）南非总统曼德拉1994年就职演说 Inaugural Address speech by Nelson Mandela May 10th 1994 1994年4月26—28日南非第一次多种族大选举行，非国大取得决定性胜利。 1994年5月9日多种族议会正式开幕，纳尔逊？曼德拉当选为新政府总统。 1994年5月10日纳尔逊？曼德拉宣誓就职总统。翌日，南非新内阁宣誓就职。 As the world's most famous prisoner and, now, his country's leader, he exemplifies a moral integrity that shines far beyond South Africa Your Majesties, Your Highnesses, Distinguished Guests, Comrades and friends: Today, all of us do, by our presence here, and by our celebrations in other parts of our country and the world, confer glory and hope to newborn liberty. Out of the experience of an extraordinary human disaster that lasted too long, must be born a society of which all humanity will be proud.

曼德拉总统生平英语简介

曼德拉总统生平英语简介 纳尔逊·罗利赫拉赫拉·曼德拉（Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela）1918年7月18日出生于南非特兰斯凯，先后获南非大学文学士和威特沃特斯兰德大学律师资格。曾任非国大青年联盟全国书记、主席。于1994年至1999年间任南非总统，是首位黑人总统，被尊称为南非国父。 在任职总统前，曼德拉是积极的反种族隔离人士，同时也是非洲国民大会的武装组织民族之矛的领袖。当他领导反种族隔离运动时，南非法院以密谋推翻政府等罪名将他定罪。依据判决，曼德拉在牢中服刑了27年。1990年出狱后，转而支持调解与协商，并在推动多元族群民主的过渡期挺身领导南非。自种族隔离制度终结以来，曼德拉受到了来自各界的赞许，包括从前的反对者。 曼德拉在40年来获得了超过一百项奖项，其中最显著的便是1993年的诺贝尔和平奖。2004年，其被选为最伟大的南非人。 2013年12月6日（南非时间5日），曼德拉在约翰内斯堡住所去世，享年95岁。南非为曼德拉举行国葬，全国降半旗。 Nelson Mandela was born in Transkei,(特兰斯凯 ) South Africa on July 18, 1918. His father was a Chief (酋长)of a tribe． Mandela has strong character even from he was a child and he advocates national hero vuey much．As the oldest son in his family, Mandela was appointed as the successor of the tribe,but he refused that ．He said he would never adominate a tribe,which was under oppressed,with a cheif identify．He wanted to throw himself into the career of the national liberation．He joined the African National Congress （非洲人国民大会简称ANC）in 1944 and was engaged in resistance against the ruling National Party‘s apartheid policies （种族隔离政策）after 1948. Mandela himself was educated at University College of Fort Hare and the University of Witwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学）and qualified in law in 1942. After the banning of the ANC in 1960,Mandela argued for the setting up of a military wing within the ANC．In June 1961,he became the commander(总司令) of the military organization．Because of his political activity,he went on trial for treason （叛国罪） in 1956-1961 ．In 1962 ,mandela was arrested and sentenced to five years'imprisonment with hard labour． In 1963, when many fellow leaders of the ANC and the military organization were arrested, Mandela was brought to stand trial with them for plotting（密谋） to overthrow the government by violence. His statement from the dock (被告席)received considerable international publicity. On June 12 ,1964,mandela was sentenced to life imprisonment(终身监禁) .From 1964 to 1982,he was incarcerated(关押) at Robben Island prison,off cape Town;thereafter,he was at pollsmoor prison,nearby on the mainland. He stayed in the prison for 27 yeas and he consistently refused to compromise

Mandela's-Garden(曼德拉的菜园)

Mandela's Garden Nelson Mandela 1. In early 1977, the authorities announced the end of manual labor and arranged some type of work for us to do in the courtyard, so we could spend our days in our section. The end of manual labor was liberating. I could now spend the day reading, writing letters, discussing issues with my comrades, or preparing legal documents. The free time also allowed me to pursue what became two of my favorite hobbies on Robben Island: gardening and tennis. 2. To survive in prison, one must develop ways to take satisfaction in one's daily life. One can feel fulfilled by washing one's clothes so that they are particularly clean, by sweeping a hallway so that it is empty of dust, by organizing one's cell to save as much space as possible. Just as one takes pride in important tasks outside of prison, one can find the same pride in doing small things inside prison. 3. "Almost from the beginning of my sentence on Robben Island, I asked the authorities for permission to start a garden in the courtyard. For years, they refused without offering a reason. But eventually they gave in, and we were able to cut out a small garden on a narrow patch of earth against the far wall. 4. The soil in the courtyard was dry and rocky. The courtyard had been constructed over a garbage dump, and in order to start my garden, I had to remove a great many rocks to allow the plants room to grow. At the time, some of my comrades joked that I was a miner at heart, for I spent my days in a wasteland and my free time digging in the courtyard. 5. The authorities supplied me with seeds. I at first planted tomatoes, chilies, and onions—hardy plants that did not require rich earth or constant care. The early harvests were poor, but they soon improved. The authorities did not regret giving permission, for once the garden began to flourish, I often provided the warders with some of my best tomatoes and onions. 6. While I have always enjoyed gardening, it was not until I was behind bars that I was able to tend my own garden. My first experience in the garden was at Fort Hare where, as part of the university's manual labor requirement, I worked in one of my professors' gardens and enjoyed the contact with the soil as an alternative to my intellectual labors. Once I was in Johannesburg studying and then working, I had neither the time nor the space to start a garden. 7. I began to order books on gardening. I studied different gardening techniques and types of fertilizers. I did not have many of the materials that the books discussed, but I learned through trial and error. For a time, I attempted to grow peanuts, and used different soils and fertilizers, but finally I gave up. It was one of my few failures. 8. A garden was one of the few things in prison that one could control. To plant a seed, watch it grow, to tend it and then harvest it, offered a simple but enduring satisfaction. The sense of being the owner of the small patch of earth offered a small taste of freedom. 9. In some ways, I saw the garden as a metaphor for certain aspects of my life. Leaders must also look after their gardens; they, too, plant seeds, and then watch, cultivate, and harvest the results. Like gardeners, leaders must take responsibility for what they cultivate; they must mind their work, try to drive back enemies, save what can be saved, and eliminate what cannot succeed. 10. I wrote Winnie two letters about a particularly beautiful tomato plant, how I made it grow from a tender seedling to a strong plant that produced deep red fruit. But then, either through some mistake or lack of care, the plant began to wither and decline, and nothing I did would bring it back to health. When it finally died, I removed the roots from the soil, washed them, and buried them in a corner of the garden. 11. I told her this small story at great length. I do not know what she read into that letter, but when I wrote it I had a mixture of feelings: I did not want our relationship to go the way of that plant, and yet I felt that I had been unable to nourish many of the most important relationships in my life. Sometimes there is nothing one can do to save something that must die. 曼德拉的菜园

百篇著名英文演讲

奥巴马纪念曼德拉 THE PRESIDENT: At his trial in 1964, Nelson Mandela closed his statement from the dock saying, "I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die." 总统：纳尔逊?曼德拉( Nelson Mandela )在1964 年接受审判时在被告席上结束他的陈述时说：“我曾为反对白人统治而斗争，也曾为反对黑人统治而斗争。我一直珍藏着一个民主、自由的社会的理想，让所有人都生活在一个和谐共处、机会均等的社会中。我希望为这个理想而生并将其付诸实现。但是，如果需要，我也愿为这样一个理想献出生命。” And Nelson Mandela lived for that ideal, and he made it real. He achieved more than could be expected of any man. Today, he has gone home. And we have lost one of the most influential, courageous, and profoundly good human beings that any of us will share time with on this Earth. He no longer belongs to us -- he belongs to the ages. 纳尔逊?曼德拉为这个理想而生，并将其变成现实。他的成就超出了我们能够寄望于任何一个人去取得的。今天，他安息了。而我们失去了一位我们任何一个人能在这个地球上与之共渡时光的人中最有影响力、最有勇气、最无比善良的一位。他不再属于我们——他属于千秋万世。 Through his fierce dignity and unbending will to sacrifice his own freedom for the freedom of others, Madiba transformed South Africa -- and moved all of us. His journey from a prisoner to a President embodied the promise that human beings -- and countries -- can change for the better. His commitment to transfer power and reconcile with those who jailed him set an example that all humanity should aspire to, whether in the lives of nations or our own personal lives. And the fact that he did it all with grace and good humor, and an ability to acknowledge his own imperfections, only makes the man that much more remarkable. As he once said, "I am not a saint, unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying." 曼德拉以其强烈的尊严和为了他人的自由不惜牺牲自己的自由的不折的意志，改变了南非的面貌，并感动了我们所有人。他从一名囚徒变成一位总统的历程体现了全人类——以及各个国家——都能变得更美好的希望。他移交权力并同那些关押他的人和解的承诺树立了一个全人类都应当追求的典范，不论是在国家生活中，还是在我们的个人生活中。而他在做到这一切时还能保持风度和幽默，以及承认自己的不足的能力，这使他更加卓尔不群。他曾说过：“我不是一个圣人，除非你们认为圣人是一个不断努力的罪人。” I am one of the countless millions who drew inspiration from Nelson Mandela's life. My very first political action, the first thing I ever did that involved an issue or a policy or politics, was a protest against apartheid. I studied his words and his writings. The day that he was released from prison gave me a sense of what human beings can do when they're guided by their hopes and not by their fears. And like so many around the globe, I cannot fully imagine my own life without the example that Nelson Mandela set, and so long as I live I will do what I can to learn from him. 我是从曼德拉的一生得到启迪的千百万人之一。我从事的第一次政治活动，第一次同任何议题、政策或者政治有关的活动，是一次反对种族隔离的抗议。我常常学习他的言论和文章。他走出监狱的那一天使我意识到，人类在奔向希望而没有恐惧的时候是何等的大有作为。我和世界各地许多人一样，无法想象如果没有曼德拉树立的榜样，我自己的一生会是什么样子。在我有生之年，我将竭尽所能向他学习。 To Gra?a Machel and his family, Michelle and I extend our deepest sympathy and gratitude for sharing this extraordinary man with us. His life's work meant long days away from those who loved him the most. And I only hope that the time spent with him these last few weeks brought peace and comfort to his family.