中考词汇和语法

中考词汇和语法

复习的若干方法介绍

西安爱知中学胡海燕

众所周知，词汇是语言的基本单位。词汇在英语学习和运用中扮演着极为重要的角色, “如果把语言结构比作语言的骨架,那么是词汇为语言提供了重要的器官和血肉”。因此,学习英语就必须首先学习英语词汇,而且要掌握足够的词汇量。词汇的掌握对即将参加中考的中学生来说更具有举足轻重的地位。

在传统的英语教学中，语法和词汇被认为是相互独立的部分，但一些新的理论提出了词的组合模式（句型结构）显示了词汇和语法两者可以进行有益的结合，所有的词都有它的句型结构，且有相同句型结构的词，有相似的词义。学习者在学习中应注意词汇与语法学习的不可分割性，并在学习中注意语言学习的四个重要方面：理解、准确、流畅及灵活性。只要我们掌握了学习词汇的方法，能够正确处理好词汇和语法的关系，那么攻克中考英语就不是很难的事情。

第一部分: 万丈高楼平地起——功夫用在平时教学中

1．重视根据音标记忆单词教学。

2．重视词汇的语法意义和词汇搭配。

3．坚持单词听写、短句天天练。

4．经常进行单词、短语的小游戏、小竞赛。

5．坚持每学完两个单元做相应的汉译英练习；

由于平时的日积月累，才能为总复习打下了比较扎实的基础。

第二部分：初三总复习，词汇、语法复习分四个阶段

第一阶段分类复习：

指导学生分组把属于同一类型的词汇进行归类, 拓展词汇量，拓宽知识面。从而使学生对词汇的积累和运用得到提高。

第二阶段句子复习：

以句子呈现，让学生了解英语句子的结构，明确各类词性以及各类从句在句子里的用法。把学生零散的词汇知识和语法知识有机结合起来。使学生对所学的词汇、语法内容得以全面、系统的巩固和提高。

第三轮短语归类复习阶段：

考察学生运用词汇的灵活性和准确性，指导学生把短语进行了归类，以练习题形式出现；进一步巩固词汇知识。

第四轮模拟复习阶段：

本阶段通过模拟复习，查找和发现所学词汇、语法在各类题型中的实际运用效果，对一些学生在实际运用中还存在的不准确、不到位等模糊问题，及时发现、归类，查找原因，有针对性地指导。

在整个复习过程中，一定要始终坚持学生的自主参与原则。从总结知识点到习题讲解、作业的更正，练习题的编写，都应让学生自己参与其中。

第三部分：充分发挥教师集体智慧和在复习中的主导作用在有计划、有步骤地进行四个阶段复习的同时，加强教师在复习中的主导作用十分重要。教师通过各种方式的了解考察，充分掌握学生复习过程中遇到的难点，及时交流总结，形成共识，

帮助学生扫清绊脚石。

总之，只要充分调动起每一个学生和每一位教师的积极性，并使两个集体智慧很好的结合起来，配以适当的方法，就没有克服不了的困难。

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