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某游戏公司面试题

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1. 现有1000个苹果，10个盒子，问各个盒子内应该分别放入多少个苹果，才能使得用户要买任意1至1000之间的一个苹果数，都可以给他（卖的时候是整个盒子卖，不能拆盒子的包装）。

答案：1 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 489

把10个盒子,看成是10个二进制位, 10个二进制位可以表示1--1024,
因为1024>1000
所以其中9个盒子分别放1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,最后一个放1000-512+1;

2. 请仔细阅读下面的资料：
材料一：CArray
template< class TYPE, class ARG_TYPE > class CArray : public CObject
Parameters:
TYPE
Template parameter specifying the type of objects stored in the array.
TYPE is a parameter that is returned by CArray.
ARG_TYPE
Template parameter specifying the argument type used to access objects stored in the array.

Often a reference to TYPE. ARG_TYPE is a parameter that is passed to CArray.

Remarks:
The CArray class supports arrays that are are similar to C arrays, but can dynamically shrink and grow as necessary.

Array indexes always start at position 0. You can decide whether to fix the upper bound or allow the array to expand when you add elements past the current bound. Memory is allocated contiguously to the upper bound, even if some elements are null.

int CArray::Add (ARG_TYPE newElement);

Return Value:
The index of the added element.
Parameters:
ARG_TYPE
Template parameter specifying the type of arguments referencing elements in this array.
newElement
The element to be added to this array.

TYPE& CArray::operator [] (int nIndex);
Parameters:
TYPE
Template parameter specifying the type of elements in this array.
nIndex
Index of the element to be accessed.
Remarks:
Returns the array reference of element at the specified index.

1) 材料二：CList
templateclass CList : public CObject
Parameters:
TYPE
Type of object stored in the list.
ARG_TYPE
Type used to reference objects stored in the list. Can be a reference.
Remarks:
The CList class supports ordered lists of nonunique objects accessible sequentially or by value.
CList li

sts behave like doubly-linked lists.

void CList::AddTail(ARG_TYPE newElement);
Parameters:
ARG_TYPE
Template parameter specifying the type of the list element (can be a reference).
newElement
The element to be added to this list.
Remarks:
Adds a new element or list of elements to the tail of this list. The list can be empty before the operation.

2) 材料三: realloc
realloc
Reallocate memory blocks.
void *realloc(void *memblock, size_t size);
Return Value:
The return value points to a storage space that is guaranteed to be suitably aligned for storage of any type of object. To get a pointer to a type other than void, use a type cast on the return value.
Remarks:
The size argument gives the new size of the block, in bytes. The contents of the block are unchanged up to the shorter of the new and old sizes, although the new block can be in a different location. Because the new block can be in a new memory location, the pointer returned by realloc is not guaranteed to be the pointer passed through the memblock argument.

3) 请指出下面这段代码可能会出现的问题
CList g_ValueList;
CArray g_ValuePool;
void AddNewValue (const VARIANT& newValue)
{
g_ValueList.AddTail(&g_ValuePool[g_ValuePool.Add(newValue)]);
}

4. 按要求编写以下函数。
功能：将给定缓冲区中的#字符移到字符串尾部
函数名称：ChangeToTail
入口参数：pSZ指向缓冲区的指针, nSize缓冲区长度
出口：pSZ所指缓冲区中的#字符被移到缓冲区尾部
返回值：在出口缓冲区中第一个#的位置,若缓冲区中无#字符则返回-1
说明：如传入#W#W#W#WW#， 10 则传出时应转换为WWWWW#####并且返回值为5
int ChangeToTail(BYTE* pSZ, UINT nSize)
{
// Todo：请在此加入您的代码

}

5. 阅读以下程序，纠正其中的错误。（40分钟）
//------------------------------------------------------------------
class CCelsius
{
public:
CCelsius() { m_nC = 0; }
~CCelsius() {}

short ToFahrenheit() { return m_nC * 9 / 5 + 32; }
void SetC(short nCelsius) { m_nC = nCelsius; }
short GetC() { return m_nC; }

protected:
short m_nC;
};

class CFahrenheit
{
public:
CFahrenheit() { m_nF = 0; }

~CFahrenheit() {}

short ToCelsius() { return (m_nF - 32) * 5 / 9; }
void SetF(short nFahrenheit) { m_nF = nFahrenheit; }
short GetF() { return m_nF; }

protected:
short m_nF;
};

class CTemperature : public CCelsius , public CFahrenheit
{
public:
CTemperature();
~CTemperature();

BOOL CreateLevel(UINT nSize);
void ReleaseLevel();
UINT GetLevel(int nCelsius);

protected:
UINT m_nSize;
short* m_pLevel;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------

CTemperature::CTemperature()
{
m_nSize = 0;
m_pLevel = NULL;
}

CTemperature::~CTemperature()
{
ReleaseLevel();
}

BOOL CTemperature::CreateLevel(UINT nSize)
{
ASSERT(m_pLevel == NULL);
if (m_pLevel)
return FALSE;

m_pLevel = new short[nSize];
if (m_pLevel == NULL)
return FALSE;

for (UINT i = 0; i < nSize; i++)
m_pLevel[i] = 100 * i * i;

m_nSize = nSize;
return TRUE;
}

void CTemperature::ReleaseLevel()
{
if (m_pLevel)
{
delete [] m_pLevel;
m_nSize = 0;
m_pLevel = NULL;
}
}

UINT CTemperature::GetLevel(int nT)
{
ASSERT(m_pLevel);

for (UINT nLevel = 0; nLevel < m_nSize; nLevel++)
{
if (m_pLevel[nLevel] > nT)
break;
}
return nLevel;
}

void OutC(CCelsius* pC)
{
if (pC)
printf("摄氏%d度等于华氏%d度\n", pC->GetC(), pC->ToFahrenheit());
}

void OutF(CFahrenheit* pF)
{
if (pF)
printf("华氏%d度等于摄氏%d度\n", pF->GetF(), pF->ToCelsius());
}

void OutL(CTemperature* pT)
{
if (pT)
{
printf("摄氏%d度的等级为:%d\n", pT->GetC(), pT->GetLevel(pT->GetC()));
printf("华氏%d度的等级为:%d\n", pT->GetF(), pT->GetLevel(pT->GetF()));
}
}

void main()
{
CTemperature* pTemperature = new CTemperature;
if (pTemperature == NULL)
return;
CCelsius* pCelsius = (CCelsius*)pTemperature;
pCelsius->SetC(100);
OutC(pCelsius);
CFahrenheit* pFahrenheit = (CFahrenheit*)pCelsius;
pFahrenheit->SetF(400);
OutF(pFahrenheit);
pTemperature->CreateLevel(3);
OutL(pTemperature);
CTemperature* pTempOther = new CTemperature;
if (pTempOther == NULL)
return;
*pTempOther = *pTemperature;
delete pFahrenheit;
OutL(pTempOther);
delete

pTempOther;
}

6. C++程序设计
1) 写出以下程序的运行结果：
#include
class Base
{
public:
Base()
{
cout << "Base()" << endl;
}
Base(const Base &theBase)
{
cout << "Base(const Base &theBase)" << endl;
}
~Base()
{
cout << "~Base()" << endl;
}
void Open()
{
OnOpen();
}
private:
virtual void OnOpen() = 0;
};

class Derived : public Base
{
public:
Derived()
{
cout << "Derived()" << endl;
}
Derived(const Derived &theDerived)
{
cout << "Derived(const Derived &theDerived)" << endl;
}
~Derived()
{
cout << "~Derived()" << endl;
}
private:
virtual void OnOpen()
{
//这里可能抛出异常
}
};
Base *CreateInstance()
{
return new Derived();
}

int main()
{
Base *pBase = ::CreateInstance();
if (pBase)
{
pBase->Open();
delete pBase;
}
return 0;
}

2) 在1）中，类Base和类Derived的实现有没有问题？如果有，如何修改？

3) 说明1）中类Base的Open函数和OnOpen函数的设计目的和意义。

4) 使用STL技术修改main()函数中的代码，使之成为异常安全的。

下面是某位网友的答案，不一定准哦，试着看一下：
2. 指出下面这段代码可能会出现的问题
CList g_ValueList;
// ARG_TYPE 无法访问 TYPE
CArray g_ValuePool;
// 加入 CArray 的元素都是常量
void AddNewValue (const VARIANT& newValue)
{
g_ValueList.AddTail(&g_ValuePool[g_ValuePool.Add(newValue)]);
// 未考虑加入元素失败时的情况，可能引入错误
}

3. 有一无符号整型数组，大小为10, 初始的数值随机，但在[0, 99]之间。请用C语言写一个过滤程序，令数组内的数据互不相等。
说明：
1.若数组内有相等的数据，可令某一数值加1或减1作出偏移，直至不等为止。
2.数组内的数据只能在[0, 99]之间。
3.保持数组内的数据位置不变，即对应下标不变。

bool flag;
int i, j;
do
for(flag = false, i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
for(j = i + 1; j < 10; ++j)
if(array[i] == array[j])
array[j] = (array[j] + 1) % 100, flag = true;
while(flag);

4. 按要求编写以下函数。
功能：将给定缓冲区中的#字符移到字符串尾部
函数名称：ChangeToTail
入口参数：pSZ指向缓冲区的指针, nSize缓冲区长度
出口：pSZ所指缓冲区中的#字符被移到缓冲区尾部
返回值：在出口缓冲区中第一个#的位置,若缓冲区中无#字符则返回-1
说明：如传入#W#W#W#WW#， 10 则传出时应转换为WWWWW#####并且返回值为5
int ChangeToTail(BYTE* pSZ, UINT nSize)
{
// Todo：请在此加入您的代码
int result = 0;
BYTE *ptmp = NULL;
for(ptmp = pSZ; *pSZ != NULL && nSize > 0; ++pSZ, --nSize)
{
if(*pSZ == '#')
++result;
else
*ptmp++ = *pSZ;
}
while(ptmp < pSZ) *ptmp++ = '#';
return result;
}