英美习题1.1.1.1.1
《英美概况》习题集
英国部分
Part I Geography
I. Multiple Choice
1. The total area of the U.K. is _____.
A. 211,440
B. 244,110
C. 241,410
D. 242,534
2. England occupies the _____ portion of the U.K.
A. northern
B. eastern
C. southern
3. The most important part of the U.K. in wealth is _____.
A. Northern Ireland
B. England
C. Scotland
4. _____ is on the western prominence between the Bristol Channel and the Dee estuary.
A. Wales
B. Scotland
C. England
5. Wales was effectively united with England in the _____ century.
A. 14th
B. 15th
C. 16th
6. By the Act of Union of _____ Scotland and the kingdom of England and Wales were constitutionally joined as the Kingdom of Britain.
A. 1707
B. 1921
C. 1801
7. Psysiographically Britain may be divided into _____ provinces.
A. 13
B. 12
C. 14
8. Mt. Ben Nevis stands in _____.
A. the Scottish Highlands
B. Wales
C. England
9. The main rivers parting in Britain runs from _____.
A. north to south
B. south to north
C. east to west
10. Cheviot hills lie along the border between _____ and England.
A. Scotland
B. Wales
C. Vale of Eden
11. The longest river in Britain is _____.
A. Severn
B. Clyde
C. Bann
12. London is situated on the River of _____.
A. Parret
B. Thames
C. Spey
13. Edinburgh is the capital of _____.
A. England
B. Scotland
C. Wales
14. The rivers flowing into the _____ are mainly short.
A. North Sea
B. English Channel
C. Dee estuary
15. Mt. Snowdon stands in _____.
A. Scotland
B. Wales
C. England
16. The source of the important River Thames is in the _____.
A. Cotswolds
B. Oxford Clay
C. Pennines
17. About _____ of the water requirements are obtained from underground sources.
A. 50%
B. 38%
C. 42%
18. Gaelic is mainly spoken in _____.
A. Scotland
B. England
C. Northern Ireland
19. The Bank of England was nationalized in _____.
A. 1964
B. 1946
C. 1694
20. Britain is basically an importer of _____.
A. food
B. raw materials
C. manufactures
D. both A and B
21. British farmers produce enough food to supply _____ of the needs of the population.
A. 2/3
B. 4/5
C. 1/2
22. Britain’s main cereal crop is _____.
A. oats
B. corn
C. barley
D. rye
23. The center of the Britain financial system is _____.
A. Bank of England
B. Bank of Britain
C. Bank of U.K.
24. The three Germanic tribes that invaded Britain include the following except _____.
A. the Angles
B. the Saxons
C. the Picts
D. the Jutes
25. “Black Country” refers to _____.
A. countryside in England
B. an area around Birmingham
C. a country in Africa
26. The second largest port in Britain is _____.
A. London
B. Belfast
C. Liverpool
27. The capital city of Northern Ireland is _____.
A. Cardiff
B. Belfast
C. Leith
28. Celtic tribes began to settle in Britain from about _____ B.C.
A. 410
B. 750
C. 300
29. The U.K. is rich in the following except _____.
A. coal
B. iron
C. gold
D. tin
30. The decrease of British population is caused by the following except _____.
A. limitation of immigration
B. fall of the birth rate
C. fall of death rate
D. unemployment
31. The proportion of the English in the whole population is _____.
A. 60%
B. 80%
C. 70%
32. The Queen’s University is in the city of _____.
A. Belfast
B. Edinburgh
C. Manchester
33. The contribution made by the Normans to Britain is the following except _____.
A. final unification of England
B. foundation of aristocracy
C. great administrative progress
D. some peculiarities of dialect
34. About _____ percent of the population live in cities or towns.
A. 80
B. 85
C. 90
35. The land available for farming in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland does not exceed _____ million acres.
A. 30
B. 25
C. 40
36. The highest mountain in England is _____.
A. Mt. Mourne
B. Mt. Snowdon
C. Mt. Seafell
37. The second largest city in England is _____.
A. Glasgow
B. Birmingham
C. Manchester
38. The modern Scots and Irish are the descendants of _____.
A. Gaels
B. Britons
C. Anglo-Saxons
39. Scotland occupies the _____ portion of Great Britain.
A. southern
B. northern
C. western
40. By the Act of Union in _____, the name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was adopted.
41. _____ has its own national church and its own system of law.
A. Wales
B. Northern Ireland
C. Scotland
42. The _____ End includes Westminster, St. James’ Palace
A. East
B. West
C. North
43. _____ includes London, the centre of government for the whole nation.
A. Scotland
B. Northern Ireland
C. Wales
D. England
II. Fill in the Blanks
1. The U.K. is situated in _____ Europe.
2. The full title of the U.K. is the United Kingdom of _____ _____ and _____ _____.
3. The U.K. consists of England, _____, _____ and Northern Ireland.
4. The largest part of U.K. is _____.
5. The capital of England and of Great Britain is _____.
6. _____ _____ is composed of six Irish counties that elected to remain in the union with Great Britain.
7. The name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was replaced by the present name after the 26 counties of Ireland obtained autonomy in _____.
8. The highest mountain in Britain is _____ _____.
9. The “Backbone of England” refers to the _____.
10. Natural gas was discovered in Britain in the _____ _____.
11. The most important river is the River of _____.
12. The political centre of the Commonwealth is _____.
13. Belfast Lough and Lough Neagh lie in _____ _____.
14. The climate of Britain is moderated by the _____ _____ _____ and is much milder than that of many places in the same latitude.
15. Britain’s Industrial Revolution took place between _____ and _____.
16. The Bank of England was founded in _____.
17. The population of the U.K. is more than _____ million.
18. Britain is basically an exporter of _____.
19. The population of the U.K. consists of the English, the Welsh, the Scottish and the _____.
20. In Wales many people speak _____.
21. People sing the national anthem in _____.
22. The earliest invasion is that by the _____-haired Mediterranean race called the Iberians.
23. The modern _____ and _____ are the descendants of the Gaels of the Celtic tribes.
24. The Britons of the Celtic tribes were the forefathers of the modern _____.
25. Greater London is made up of 12 _____ London boroughs and _____ Outer London boroughs.
3. Celts
4. The “Irish Question”
IV. Questions for discussion
1. What are the major factors influencing the British weather characterized by a moderate temperature and plenty of rainfall?
2. Why is United Kingdom said to be a trading nation?
3. What are the general characteristics of the British economy?
Part II History
I. Multiple Choice
1. Julius Caesar invaded Britain _____.
A. once
B. twice
C. three times
2. King Arthur was the king of _____.
A. Picts
B. Celts
C. Scots
D. Jutes
3. The first “King of the English” was _____.
A. Alfred
B. Egbert
C. Bede
D. Ethelred
4. Christianity was introduced into England in the late _____ century.
A. 14th
B. 8th
C. 6th
5. In 1653 _____ was made Lord Protector for life.
A. Oliver Cromwell
B. Charles I
C. William II
6. The three great Germanic tribes: the Anglos, the _____ and the Jutes which invaded Britain form the basis of the modern British people.
A. Saxons
B. Scots
C. Welsh
D. Wessex
7. The head of the church in Anglo-Saxon times was _____.
A. the King of Denmark and Norway
B. the king of England
C. Julius Caesar
D. the Archbishop of Canterbury
8. The _____ invaded England in the earliest time.
B. Iberians
C. Romans
D. Celts
9. The Vikings who invaded England at the turn of the 8th century came from _____.
A. Norway
B. Denmark
C. France
D. both A and B
10. Edward was known as the “_____” because of his reputation for saintliness.
A. Confessor
B. Conqueror
C. Protector
11. Norman Conquest began in _____.
A. 1016
B. 1066
C. 1035
12. In history _____ was nic knamed “King of Lackland”.
A. John
B. Henry I
C. Henry II
13. In 1181 Henry II issued the _____ which made it compulsory for every freeman in England to be provided with arms.
A. Inquest of Sheriffs
B. Assize of Arms
C. Doomsday Book
14. Henry Plantagenet, in 1154, established the House of Angevin as _____.
A. Henry I
B. Henry II
C. Henry III
15. Henry II appointed in 1162 _____ Archbishop of Canterbury.
A. Thomas Becket
B. Stephen Langton
C. Simon de Mortfort
16. Charles I was beheaded in _____.
A. 1649
B. 1648
C. 1653
17. It was _____ who summoned Model Parliament in 1295.
A. Edward I
B. Henry IV
C. Simon de Montfort
18. The Great Charter contained _____ sets of provisions.
A. two
C. three
19. The Peasants Uprising in 1381 was led by _____.
A. Henry Turner
B. Watt Tyler
C. Richard
20. The English Church was strictly _____.
A. national
B. international
C. regional
21. The Glorious Revolution in 1688 was in nature a _____.
A. coup d’etat
B. racial slaughter
C. peasant rising
22. The Industrial Revolution laid a good foundation for the _____.
A. factory of the world
B. expansion of markets
C. social upheaval
23. The American Revolution (the American War of Independence) broke out in _____ and ended in _____.
A. 1775, 1783
B. 1774, 1782
C. 1786, 1784
24. The Battle of Hastings took place in _____.
A. 1606
B. 1042
C. 1066
25. The Great Charter was signed by _____ in 1215.
A. King Henry II
B. King Richard
C. King John
26. In the early 14th century feudalism began to _____ in England.
A. grow
B. flourish
C. decline
D. end
27. It was _____ who published the book “The Rights of Man”.
A. Thomas More
B. Thomas Paine
C. Thomas Jefferson
28. The first Prime Minister was _____.
A. Wilminton
B. George Grenville
C. Robert Walpole
29. The Parliament of 1265 whic h is known as the “_____” is considered the “beginning of parliament”.
A. All Estates Parliament
B. Model Parliament
C. Long Parliament
30. The Anglo-French hostility which began in 1337 and ended in 1453 was known as _____.
A. the Wars of Roses
B. the Hun dred Years’ War
C. Peasant Uprising
31. In the first half of 17th century _____ grow rapidly in England.
A. feudalism
B. capitalism
C. Catholicism
32. Prime Minister _____ resisted any reform that could be resisted.
A. Palmerston
B. Robert Peel
C. Gladstone
33. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War only the port of _____ remained under English rule.
A. Troyes
B. Gascon
C. Calais
34. In the 14th century took place the _____, the severest of many plagues in the middle ages.
A. Earthquake
B. Black Death
C. Drought
35. _____ and his followers, known as Lollards, provided ideological preparation for the labour movement of the 14th century.
A. John Wycliffe
B. Watt Tyler
C. Somerset
36. By the end of the Wars of the Roses the House of _____ began.
A. Tudor
B. Lancaster
C. Plantagenet
37. In the “_____” of 1388 five lords accused the King’s friends of treason under a very expansive definition of crime.
A. All Estates parliament
B. Merciless Parliament
C. Model Parliament
38. In the Wars of the Roses the Lancastrians wire badges of _____ rose.
A. white
B. red
C. pink
D. yellow
39. The first Civil War in Britain lasted from _____ to _____.
A. 1600, 1604
B. 1640, 1644
C. 1642, 1646
40. William Shakespeare is mainly a _____.
A. novelist
B. dramatist
C. poet
41. In 1689 the “Bill of Rights” was passed. _____ began in England.
A. The Constitutional Monarchy
B. All Estates Parliament
C. House of Lancaster
42. The _____ carried on trade relations with Russia and central Asian countries.
A. Moscow Company
B. Eastland Company
C. East India Company
43. _____ started the slave trade in the second part of the 16th century.
A. John Hawkins
B. Francis Drake
C. Diaz
44. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____”, according to which Henry VIII was declared the head of the English Church.
A. the Bill of Rights
B. Act of Supremacy
C. Act of Settlement
45. Under Elizabeth I _____ was restored, and she was declared “governor” of the church.
A. the Roman Church
B. the Catholic Church
C. the Anglican Church
46. In 1337 the hostility between Engla nd and _____ resulted in the Hundred Years’ War.
A. France
B. Spain
C. Russia
47. The religious persecution mainly existed during the reign of _____.
A. Cromwell
B. Charles I
C. Henry VIII
48. England first became a sea power in the time of _____.
A. Henry VII
B. Elizabeth I
C. Victoria
49. The Industrial Revolution first started in _____.
A. the iron industry
B. the textile industry
C. the coal industry
50. From 1688 to 1783 English Parliament was mainly controlled by the party of
_____.
A. Tory
B. Whig
C. Labour
51. The English Prime Minister during the Second World War was _____.
A. Churchill
B. Chamberlain
C. Baldwin
52. At the End of _____ century, the East India Company was formed.
A. 15th
B. 16th
C. 14th
53. The Seven Years War between England and France lasted from _____ to _____.
A. 1756, 1763
B. 1713, 1720
C. 1754, 1761
54. In 1689 Parliament passed “_____”, limiting the powers of the crown.
A. Habeas Corpus Act
B. the Bill of Rights
C. Navigation Act
55. _____ contrasted the first successful steam locomotive.
A. George Stephenson
B. Samuel Crompton
C. James Hargreaves
56. The “Peterloo Massacre” took place in _____.
A. Birmingham
B. Liverpool
C. Manchester
57. Between 1911 and 1914 took place the following strikes except _____.
A. railway strike
B. strike of the postmen
C. coal strike
D. strike of the transport
58. The Victorian Age was over the _____ began.
A. Edwardian Age
B. Georgian Age
C. Elizabethan Age
59. The _____ government surrendered to the British invaders and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of Nanjing in 1842.
A. Indian
B. Qing
C. Irish
D. Spanish
60. The Great Charter was essentially a _____.
A. Culture Movement
B. colonial document
C. feudal document
61. _____ broke out two years after the Hundred Years’ War with France.
A. The Bore War
B. The Wars of the Roses
C. Queen Annes’ War
62. The Reformation was a product of _____.
A. the Renaissance
B. the Chartist Movement
C. the Hundred Years’ War
63. The greatest dramatist of the English Renaissance was _____.
A. Shakespeare
B. Milton
C. Chaucer
D. Bacon
64. The English Revolution marks the beginning of the _____ period of capitalism.
A. feudal
B. modern
C. colonial
D. medieval
65. By the _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.
A. Declaratory Act
B. Treaty of Paris
C. Treaty of Montgomery
66. The Chartist Movement began in _____ and reached its height in _____.
A. 1845, 1858
B. 1828, 1835
C. 1839, 1848
67. In 1840 Britain launched an aggressive war against _____.
A. France
B. India
C. China
D. America
68. _____ formed a coalition government in 1940.
A. Winston Churchill
B. Lloyd George
C. Neville Chamberlain
69. By the _____ the British dominions became independent states in all but name.
A. Statue of Westminster
B. Locarno Treaty
C. Disputes Act
70. The Fabians Society was founded in 1883, including intellectuals such as _____.
A. William Shakespeare & Ben Jonson
B. Christopher Marlowe & John Milton
C. G. B. Shaw & H. G. Wells
71. Before WWII _____ relied on appeasement of the European dictators to reduce tensions that might lead to war.
A. Neville Chamberlain
B. Stanley Baldwin
C. Winston Churchill
72. During WWII, Britain, America, France, Soviet Union and other antifascist countries formed a united international alliance which was called _____.
A. Locarno Treaty
B. Grand Alliance
C. Statute of Westminster
73. The first coalition government during WWI was organized when _____ was the Prime Minister.
A. Lloyd George
B. Herbert Asquith
C. Stanley Baldwin
74. When Germany invaded _____ which was neutral, Britain declared war on Germany on 4 August, 1914.
A. Austria
B. Russia
C. Belgium
D. Poland
II. Fill in the Blanks
1. At about 3000 BC, some of the _____ settled in Britain.
2. About 122 AD, in order to keep back the Picts and Scots, the _____ built Hadrian’s Wall.
3. The real Roman conquest began in _____.
4. _____ _____’s “Paradise Lost” was published in 1667.
5. Beowulf, considered the greatest Old English poem, is assigned to _____ Times.
6. _____ was considered the first national hero.
7. On Christmas Day 1066 Duke _____ was crowned in Westminster Abbey.
8. In history John was nicknamed King of _____.
9. John signed the document in 1215, which in history was called the Great Charter or _____ _____.
10. In 1086 William had his official to make a general survey of the land, known as _____ Book.
11. The most famous scholar during Anglo-Saxon Times was _____.
12. The Battle of _____ paved the way for the Norman Conquest to England.
13. The Norman Conquest increased the process of _____ which had begun during the Anglo-Saxon Times.
14. Duke William was known in history as William the _____.
15. Along with the Normans came the _____ language.
16. The English parliament originated in the _____ _____.
17 The head of the _____ was Archbishop of _____.
18. The _____ _____ in 1688 was in nature a coup d’etat.
19. The People’s Charter included _____ points such as universal male suffrage.
20. The corrupt Qing government surrendered to Britain and was forced to sign the first unequal Treaty of _____ in 1842.
21. After the Crimean War _____ was forced not to fortify Sebastopol.
22. The third collection of the poll tax in the early part of 1381 became the fuse of
_____ _____ rising.
23. The Wars of the Roses broke out between the _____ and the _____.
24. The Enclosure Movement began in the _____ century.
25. By the treaty of _____ in 1783, Britain recognized the independence of the US.
26. In _____ Britain launched the Opium War against China.
27. The East India Company formed at the end of the 16th century was one of _____ companies.
28. After the Reformation the Roman Catholic Church was _____, the English Church was strictly _____.
29. Mary I re-established Catholicism and burnt three hundred Protestants, for which she was called “_____” Mary.
30. “Renaissance” means “_____”, i.e. Europe rediscovering its origins in the cultures of ancient Greek and Rome.
31. During the Renaissance, the thinkers who worked for freedom and enlightenment were called “_____”.
32. The nature of the Wars of the Roses was a _____ _____ war.
33. By the beginning of the Tudor reign the manor system was replaced by the _____ system.
34. In the summer of 1588 the Spanish ships, the _____ _____ was defeated by English ships.
35. The greatest English humanist was Sir _____ _____ whose work _____ became a humanistic classic in the world literature.
36. English Renaissance began in _____ century.
37. The House of _____ was notorious for its absolutist rule.
38. During the Civil Wars (1642 – 1648) the supporters of Parliament were called
_____ while the supporters of the King Charles I were called _____.
39. In 1653 Cromwell was made _____ _____ for life and started his military dictatorship openly.
40. The Seven Years War was ended by the Treaty of _____.
41. The first two parties appeared in England were the _____ and the _____.
42. The basic point of the People’s Charter is _____ _____.
43. In 1764 James Hargreaves invented the _____ _____.
44. From 1863 to the end of the century Britain had been carrying a foreign policy of _____ _____.
45. The Parliament passed the Act of _____ in 1701, excluding James Catholic son from the succession.
46. After Charles I was beheaded in 1649 England was declared a _____.
47. In September 1939 Germany invaded _____, thus Britain and France declared war on Germany.
48. The Industrial Revolution started during the last part of the _____ century.
49. The steam engine was invented by _____ _____ in 1769.
50. Samuel Crompton invented the _____ _____ in 1779.
51. Edmund Cartwright invented the _____ _____ in 1785.
52. Upon the completion of the _____ _____ by 1850 England became the workshop of the world.
53. In 1868 the first Trade Union Congress met in _____.
54. In 1534 Parliament passed the “_____ _____ _____”.
55. On the eve of WWI the Triple Alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and _____ was formed.
56. The First World War was an imperialist war as well as a _____ war because it was not confined only to Europe. It lasted _____ years.
57. At the _____ _____ _____, the League of Nations was established and the Treaty of Versailles was signed.
58. The _____ _____ of 1926 was Austen chamberlain’s chief claim to fame as foreign secretary.
59. On May 7, 1945, _____ surrendered unconditionally.
60. It was _____ _____ who led the country during the “miracle of Dunkirk”.
61. When George I began the Houses of Hanover in 1714, the _____ system was established.
III. Explain the Following Terms
1. The Norman Conquest
2. The Glorious Revolution
3. The Chartist Movement
4. The Opium War
5. The Hundred Years’ War
6. Black Death
IV. Questions for discussion
1. What, in your opinion, are the main causes for the slow growth of Britain’s economy since the Second World War?
2. What is the importance Simon de Mortfort hold in British history (with special reference to his role in the creation of the Parliament system)?
3. What importance did King Alfred hold in British history?
Part III Culture
I. Multiple Choice
1. All children in the UK must, by law, receive a full-time education from the age of _____ to _____.
A. 5, 16
B. 6, 17
C. 7, 18
2. In state schools the letters A, B and C are often used to describe “_____” or parallel classes.
A. grade
B. form
C. streams
3. Public schools belong to the category of the _____ schools.
A. state
B. independent
C. local
4. The pupils who had got the highes t marks in the “eleven plus” examination would go to _____ school.
A. grammar
B. technical
C. secondary modern
5. Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest universities dating from _____ and _____.
A. 1167, 1284
B. 1234, 1325
C. 1335, 1427
6. There are over _____ universities in Britain.
A. thirty
B. forty
C. fifty
7. The two features of Oxford and Cambridge are the college system and the _____.
A. records of attendance
B. governing council
C. tutorial system
8. The universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four _____ universities.
A. old
B. new
C. Scottish
9. The _____ university offers courses through one of BBC’s television channels and by radio.
A. open
B. new
C. middle aged
10. Buckingham University is and _____ university which was established in 1973.
A. independent
B. open
C. old
11. The second centre of the British press is in _____.
A. London
B. the Fleet Street
C. Manchester
12. In Britain great majority of children attend _____ schools.
A. state
B. independent
C. religious
13. In Britain education at the age from 5 to 16 is _____.
A. optional
B. compulsory
C. self-taught
14. The oldest university in Britain is _____.
A. Cambridge
B. Edinburgh
C. Oxford
15. British newspapers possess the following features except _____.
A. freedom of speech
B. fast delivery
C. monoplied by one of the five large organization
D. no difficulty for independent newspapers to survive
16. The earliest newspaper in Britain is _____.
A. Daily Mail
B. Daily Telegraphs
C. The Times
D. Guardian
17. _____ is the oldest Sunday newspaper in Britain.
A. Sunday Times
B. The Observer
C. The people
D. News of the World
18. The most humorous magazine is _____.
A. New Society
B. Private Eye
C. Punch
D. Spectator
19. In the UK there are about _____ dailies and over _____ weeklies.
A. 130, 1000
B. 200, 800
C. 160, 1200
20. There are _____ national daily newspapers which appear every morning except on Sundays.
A. nine
B. seven
C. eight
21. The Daily Telegraph and Sunday Telegraph support the _____.
A. Liberal Party
B. Labour Party
C. Conservative Party
22. The Economist, New Statesman, Spectator are _____.
A. journals
B. daily newspapers
C. local papers
23. BBC was founded in _____ and chartered in _____ as an independent public corporation.
A. 1922, 1927
B. 1292, 1297
C. 1822, 1827
24. The Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd. is a _____ news agency.
A. public
B. governmental
C. local
D. private
25. The BBC is mainly financed by _____.
A. payment from all people who possess TV sets
B. the income from advertisements
C. some large corporations
D. British government
26. The most famous broadcasting company in Britain is _____.
A. British Broadcasting Corporation
B. Independent Broadcasting Authority
C. Reuters
27. Reuters was founded in the year of _____.
A. 1518
B. 1815
C. 1851
28. The new headquarters’ building of _____ is at 85 Fleet Street, London.
A. BBC
B. the Press Association Ltd.
C. the Exchange Telegraph Co. Ltd.
29. _____ is regarded as the most English of games.
A. Cricket
B. Soccer
C. Rugger
30. _____ claims the highest popular attendance in Britain.
A. Rugby football
B. Association football
C. Baseball
31. _____ “pools” provide amusement for millions of people who bet on the results of matches.
A. Association football
B. Baseball
C. Cricket
32. The annual _____ championships at Wimbledon, in London, are the most famous in the world.
A. hockey
B. tennis
C. netball
33. _____ racing is chiefly a betting sport.
A. Horse
B. Boat
C. Dog
34. Hurdle or steeplechase racing takes up the winter months, leading to its climax in the Grand National Steeplechase at _____ in March.
A. London
B. Edinburgh
C. Liverpool
35. It was _____ who first revolutionized scientific thought in Britain.
A. Francis Bacon
B. Thomas Newcomer
C. James Watt
36. _____ discovered the circulation of food.
A. Francis Glisson
B. William Harvey
C. George Stephenson
37. The Royal Society was founded in _____ in _____.
A. London, 1660
B. Liverpool, 1660
C. London, 1760
38. The Royal Society reached the summit of its prestige in 1703, when _____ became its president.
A. Robert Boyle
B. Issae Newton
C. Francis Bacon
39. James Watt was a great _____ engineer and inventor.
A. Irish
B. Scottish
C. English
40. _____ developed atomic theory in the 18th century.
A. John Dalton
B. Francis Glisson
C. Robert Boyle
41. The minor’s safety lamp was invented by _____.
A. Francis Bacon
B. William Harvey
C. Humphy Davy
42. Charles Robert Darwin Developed the theory of _____.
A. evolution
B. immunology
C. virology
43. _____ is considered the father of English poetry.
A. Geoffrey Chaucer
B. John Milton
C. John Donne
44. Big Ben is the nickname of _____.
A. Benjamin Franklin
B. Sir Benjamin Hall
C. the 315-foot Clock Tower
45. The British Museum was founded in _____.
A. 1659
B. 1763
C. 1753
46. The British Museum is financed by _____ funds and is managed by a board of 25 trustees.
A. Government
B. individual
C. local
47. You could find the world-famous Speakers’ Corner in _____.
A. Great Russell
B. Hyde Park
C. Westminster Abbey
48. _____ is the biggest and most well-known church in London.
A. Whitehall
B. St. Paul’s Cathedral
C. Westminster Abbey
49. _____ is the monarch’s present London home.
A. Westminster Palace
B. Buckingham Palace
C. Whitehall Palace
50. Stratford-on-Avon is the place where _____ was born in 1564.
A. William Shakespeare
B. Charles Dickens
英美概况课后习题答案
1. What is the full name of the U.K.? ----United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland 2. Why do tourists from all over the world like to go to Scotland? ----They like to enjoy the beautiful Scottish scenery, to drink Scotch whisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts and playing bagpipes. 3. How many periods can the development of the English language be divided into and what are they? ----The development of the English language can be divided into three periods: Old English, Middle English and Modern English. 4. Why did English become more important after Black Death? ----The laboring and merchant classes grew in economic and social importance after the Black Death, so English also grew in importance compared to French. 1. Who are the British People? ----The first known inhabitants in Britain were Celts who are the ancestors of the Welsh, Scottish and Irish people. Then came the Anglos, the Saxons and the Jutes who brought with them the English language. Many people from other European countries came later, and in modern times there are a lot of immigrants from many former Commonwealth countries from every part of the world. Britain is a country of mixed cultures, and the Britain people are also composed of people from different ethic and culture backgrounds. 2. What is Standard English? ----Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England. It is widely used in media and taught at schools. It is preferred by the educated, middle-class people. It has developed and has been promoted as a model for correct Britain English. It is also the norm carried overseas. Today, Standard English is codified to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary are much the same everywhere in the world where English is taught and used. 1. What are the two components of the British Parliament? ----the House of Commons and the House of Lords. 2. What were some of Queen Victoria's major achievement? ---- Queen Victoria made tremendous achievements in almost every aspect.
英美文学选读-英国-新古典主义时期-练习题汇总
1. The 18th-century England is known as ( ) (浙0710) A. the Age of Puritanism B. the Age of Reason C. the Era of Capitalism D. the Age of Glory 2. English Enlighteners in the 18th century held ________ as the yardstick for the measurement of all human activities and relations. （一）1 A. property B. education C. emotion D. reason 3. In the Enlightenment Movement, the progressive representatives intended ______. (浙0810) A. to call the people to fight against poverty and hardship B. to tell people to economize and to accumulate wealth C. to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas D. to instruct people to obtain their present social status through hard work 4. As to education, the enlighteners thought that ______. （浙0310） A. human beings were limited, dualistic, imperfect, and not capable of rationality and perfection through education. B. universal education was unnecessary. C. if the common people were well educated, there would be great chance for a democratic and equal human society. D. most of the human beings were perfect themselves, so only a few needed further education. 5. Why did the enlighteners regard education the major means to improve the society and the people? ( ) (浙0710) A. Because most of the human beings were perfect themselves, so only a few needed further education. B. If the common people were well educated, there would be great chance for a democratic and equal human society. C. Because universal education was limited , dualistic, imperfect, and unnecessary. D. Because human beings were not capable of rationality and perfection through education. 6. About reason , the enlighteners thought _____. （浙0210） A. reason or rationality should be the only, the final cause of any human thought and activities B. reason couldn't lead to truth and justice C. superstition was above reason and rationality D. equality and science is contrary to reason and rationality 7. In the field of literature, the Enlightenment Movement brought about the tendency of ( ) A. realism B. puritanism C. neoclassicism D. romanticism 8. Which of the following statements about Neo-Classicism and Enlightenment Movement is true? A. The Enlightenment was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the
英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末
英语专业-英美文学试卷及答案-期末
英美文学试卷A 共9页第 I. Mark the following statements as true (T) or false (F). (10 x 1’=10’) 1. ( ) Chaucer is the first English short-story teller and the founder of English poetry as well as the founder of English realism. His masterpiece The Canterbury tales contains 26 stories. 2. ( ) English Renaissance is an age of essay and drama. 3. ( ) The rise of the modern novel is closely related to the rise of the middle class and an urban life. 4. ( ) The French Revolution and the American War of Independence were two big influences that brought about the English Romantic Movement. 5. ( ) Charlotte’s novels are all about lonely and neglected young women with a fierce longing for life and love. Her novels are more or less based on her own experience and feelings and the life as she sees around. 6. ( ) The leading figures of the naturalism at the turn of 19th century are Thomas Hardy, John Galsworthy and Bernard Shaw. 7. ( ) Emily Dickinson is remembered as the “All American Writer”. 8. ( )The Civil War divides the American literature into romantic literature and realist literature. 9. ( ) Mark Twain is the first American writer to discover an American language and American consciousness.
英国部分英美概况汇总题库
The United Kingdom I. Multiple Choice 1. The was “the greatest progressive revolution that mankind had so far experienced, a time which called for giants and produced giants—giants in power of thought, passion, and character, in universality and learning”(Engels). a. Renaissance b. Industrial Revolution c. Reformation d. Bourgeois Revolution 2. is regarded as the first English Prime Minster. a.D uke of Willington b.William Gladstone c.Benjamin Disraeli d.Sir Robert Walpole 3. The official head of Parliament is . a. the Prime Minister b. the Monarch c. the Speaker d. the Chancellor 4. The present sovereign of Britain is . a. Elizabeth I b. Elizabeth II
c. Elizabeth III d. Edward II 5. is a day to commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. a. Christmas b. Good Friday c. Easter Monday d. Boxing Day 6. published his book On the Origin of Species which caused a stir in Victorian times. a. Adam Smith b. Charles Darwin c. Thomas More d. Francis Bacon 7. The largest section of Great Britain is . a. Scotland b. Wales c. England d. Northern Ireland 8. The Lake District is well known for . a. its wild and beautiful scenery b. its varied lakes c. the Lake Poets
英美概况期末试题
I.Explain the following terms: 1.the British Isles 2.Poets’ Corner 3.EU 4.the Conservative Party 5.the Seven Year’s War 6.WASPs 7.“roaring 20s” 8.melting pot 9.British Empire 10.system of US politic I.Translate the following into Chinese: 1.Westminster Abby 2.the Church of England https://www.wendangku.net/doc/257390863.html,monwealth 4.Mr. Speaker 5.Judicial System 6.the Great Charter 7.the House of Plantagenet 8.Puritans 9.monopoly capitalism 10.the first Pan-American Conferencce II.Multi-choices: 1.The longest river in Britain is the _____ River. (Severn, Thames, Mersey, Humber) 2.The leading anthracite coalfields in Britain are in__ (Scotland, England, Wales, ) 3.The English people are descendants of____ (Celts, Roman, Anglo-Saxons) 4.The established church of Britain is___ (the Church of England, Free churches, ) 5.Easter is kept, commemorating the __ (coming, birth, death, resurrection) of Jesus Christ. 6.In Britain, government cannot spend any money without the permission of___. (the Queen, the Prime Minister, the House of Commons, the House of Lords) 7.All the government ministers of Britain must be members of_____. (the House of Lords, the House of Common, the Privy Council, Parliament) 8.___ is the largest state of the US in area.(Hawii, Texas, Alaska, Pennsylvania) 9.The dominant ethnic group in the US today is_____. (the black people, WASPs, Asian Americans, Hispanics) 10.People in the US have kept moving westward for reasons except___. (religious freedom, fertile soil in the West, good climate in the west, discovery gold) 11.The Constitution of the United State was framed in ___in 1787. (Washington, Boston, New York, Philadelphia) 12.The President of the US exercises the ____ power. (legislative, executive, judicial, veto) 13.Congress can veto the President’s veto by a ___ vote of the full membership of Both houses.(two-fifths, two-thirds, three-fourths, three-fifths) 14.The Constitution of US says that only___ can declare war upon other nation.
英美文学选读练习题
English Literature Questions on The Canterbury Tales 1. Lines 1-18 are the introduction to the weather. Why did the author write so many words to describe it? To answer why so many pilgrim go to the Canterbury at the same time. 2. Summarize the main idea of lines 19-34. A group of pilgrims came across at the Canterbury and go together. 3. How many people are there in the group of pilgrims? Thirty 4. Based on Prioress 's portrait, can you give a possible reason why she is undertaking this pilgrimage? She wants to look for the worldly love. 5. What details does the narrator use in describing the Prioress, and in what order? 1, Facial expression2,voice 3,etiquette 4 ，sympathy and charity 5 ，appearance 6，dress 7 ，personal accessories.. 6. Why does the Wife of Bath go on pilgrimage?
英美文学欣赏考题整理及答案
Part One：English Poetry 1.William Shakespeare Sonnet 18 ?Why does the poet compare `thee` to a summer?s day? And who could `thee` be? Because summer?s day and thee both represent beauty . thee could be beauty, love. ?What picture have you got of English summer, and could you explain why? Warm, beautiful, sunshine. Because summer is the best season of a year ,the most beautiful season. It is like our May. ?How does the poet answer the question he puts forth in the first line? Thee is more beautiful than summer. ?What makes the poet think that “thou” can be more fair than summer and immortal? Because humanism is more eternal than summer and immortal. ?What figures of speech are used in this poem? Simile, metaphor, personification, oxymoron and so on . ?What is the theme of the poem? Love conquers all, Beauty lives on. 2. Thomas Nashe Spring ?Read the poem carefully, pay attention to those image- bearing words, and see how many images the poet created in the poem and what sense impressions you can get from those images. There is “Blooms each thing, maids dance in a ring, the pretty birds do sing, the palm and may make country houses gay, Lambs frisk' and play, the shepherds pipe all day, And we hear aye birds tune this merry lay, The fields breathe sweet, the daisies kiss our feet, Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit, In every street these tunes bur ears do greet!” The “Young lovers meet, old wives a-sunning sit，”impressions me most because of the harmony of the people?s relationship. ?Can you point out and explain the sound and their musical effect in the poem? In the Poem, each section has four lines, each line has ten syllables ( five tone step ) . In order to give the reader a spring breeze , streams , flowers , winding , Song Xin texture of sound and light flavor, Naixi greater uses English word S , z , f , V , R , L , and θconsonants means. In Naixi's poem, the use of phonological is also very harmonious, very smooth , very mellow. Section I of the poetry has Three pairs [ ing ] , section II of the poem has three pairs [ ei ] and the third quarter has three pairs [ i : ]. 3.John Donne A Valediction: Forbidding Mourning ?What is a “valediction” any way? Is the speaker in the poem about to die? Why does the speaker forbid mourning? No, it is about the lover s?separation. As the poem metaphors, the poet believed he and his wife?s love is sacred, he didn?t hope they cry when separation comes, let their love be stained by the ordinary and mundane.
张奎武《英美概况》笔记及习题(美国文学)【圣才出品】
第7章美国文学 7.1 复习笔记 I. A General Introduction II. Fiction III. Poetry IV. Drama I. A General Introduction (简要介绍) 1. The history of American literature is comparatively short, roughly about 200 years. 美国文学的历史很短，大约200年。 2. Many famous writers have earned great fame in the world, such as Walt Whitman, Mark Twain, Theodore Dreiser, and Ernest Hemingway. 很多著名作家已赫然立于世界文坛之上。例如惠特曼、马克·吐温、西奥多·德莱赛和欧内斯特·海明威。 II. Fiction (小说) 1. America did not have its fiction until Washington Irving. 美国的小说从华盛顿·欧文开始。
2. American contemporary literature has continued to undergo healthy development in producing new forms and new language. 美国的现代文学继续健康发展，不断涌现出新的形式和新的语言。 3. In 1990s, American literature takes much newer directions and varieties in quality. 20世纪90年代，美国文学呈现出很多新的趋势和种类。 4. There appeared some famous fiction writers in American literature. 美国文学史上出现了很多著名的小说家。 (1) Washington Irving (1783—1859) (华盛顿·欧文) ①Regarded as the “father of American literature”, Washington Irving was the first American to achieve international literary reputation. ②His most famous story “Rip Van Winkle”helps Irving earn great fame in the literary world. ①华盛顿·欧文是第一个在国际上享有盛誉的美国作家，被称为“美国文学之父”。 ②他最著名的故事是“瑞普·凡·温克尔”，使欧文在文学界获得很高的名望。 (2) Nathaniel Hawthorne(1804—1864) (纳撒尼尔·霍桑) ①Hawthorne is a famous American writer in romantic fiction and a pioneer in psychological description. ②His most famous novel is The Scarlet Letter. ①霍桑是美国浪漫主义小说的著名作家，也是心理描写方面的先驱。 ②他最著名的小说是《红字》。 (3) Mark Twain(1835—1910) (马克·吐温)
英美概况习题12
DO NOT WRITE ON PAPER 1.___ of 1066 is perhaps the best-known event in English history, in which William, the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his followers. A. The Roman Conquest B. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest C. The Norman Conquest D. The Celt Conquest 2.As a result of the Black Death，___________. A. all land was left untended B. no labor was required any longer C. 1and owners tended to change from arable to sheep-farming D. surviving peasants were not able to bargain about their wages 3. Which of the following statements about Elizabeth I (1558-1603) is true? A. Elizabeth was 35 when she came to the throne. B. Elizabeth remained single. C. Elizabeth was not able to work with Parliament. D. Her reign was a time of diminishing English nationalism. 4. The English Civil War is also called ___________ . A. the Revolutionary War B. the Puritan Revolution C. the Reformation D. the Renaissance 5. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy. The head of State is a king or a queen .In practice，___________. A. Parliament rules the country B. the Sovereign reigns but does not rule C. the Sovereign rules but does not reign D. the Prime Minister rules and reigns 6.In January,1973，Britain finally became a full member of the___________，which was established by the Treaty of Rome in 1957. A. Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development B. Organization of European Development C. European Economic Community D. European Union 7. The major Christian festivals in Britain are___________ . A. Christmas, Easter and Mother’s Day B. Christmas, Easter and Whit Sunday C. Christmas，Guy Fawkes Day and St. Patrick’s Day D. Christmas，Whit Sunday and St. George’s Day 8. The Commonwealth of Nations is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. At present there are ___________ countries within the Commonwealth (1991). A. 30 B. 40 C. 50 D. 60 II. True or False. 1. The Black Death caused a great shortage of labor, and so did the Enclosures. 2. Both the UK and Russia are members of the G7. 1
《英美概况》复习题与参考答案
2011英美文化与国家概况期末考试填空与简答复习题 1.Of all these isles, the largest one is called Great Britain. For the sake of convenience, Great Britain is often shortened to Britain. 2.United Kingdom is made up of four parts, England, Wales,ScotlandandNorthern Ireland. 3.The island of Great Britain can be divided into two parts according to its geographic features: the Highland Zone in the north and west and the Lowland zone in the south and southeast. 4.In America, The presiding officer of the senate is the Vice-president of the United States who serves as chairman when the Senate is in session. 5.Britain did not produce cotton and textile industry used to rely on wool as the principal fiber. 6.In Britain, the city Birmingham is well known for its production of automobiles, electricity equipment, electronics, munitions, and arms. 7.British government is produced through contest between two major political parties every five years 8.British can enjoy higher education in three ways:
英美文学史期末考试资料
Comment on Walden In 1845, Thoreau decided to conduct an experiment of self-sufficiency by building his own house on the shores of Walden Pond and living off the food he grew on his farm. He sought to reduce his physical needs to a minimum, in order to free himself for study, thought, and observation of nature, himself. Walden can be many things and can be read on more than one level. But it is, first and foremost, a book about man, what he is, and what he should be and must be. Considered one of the all-time great books, Walden is a record of Thoreau's two year experiment of living at Walden Pond. The writer's chief emphasis is on the simplifications and enjoyment of life now. It is regarded as 1. a nature book.2. a do-it-yourself guide to simple life. 3. a satirical criticism of modern life and living. 4. a belletristic achievement 5. a spiritual book. The Scarlet Letter Symbolic meaning of the letter “A” :1.The scarlet letter “A” is the central symbol of the novel. At the beginning it symbolized the sin of Hester—“adultery”, 2.then gradually when Hester became accepted by the community, it stands for Hester’s intelligence and diligence—“able”. 3.At the end of the novel the symbol has evolved to represent the high virtues of Hester Prynne—“angel”. Comments on The Scarlet Letter:1.The theme of the story should be the moral, emotional and psychological effects of the sin on people. 2.Scarlet Letter is a cultural allegory, in which the author indirectly tells the future of Puritanism.3.Scarlet Letter is a sample in which American Romanticism adapted itself to American Puritanism.(Because of the strong influence of Puritanism in American society, Hawthorne only expressed his ideas on the sin indirectly by employing symbolism.) Symbolism in the novel Moby Dick A. the voyage itself is a metaphor for “search and discovery, the search for the ultimate truth of experience.” B. the Pequod is the ship of the American soul and consciousness. C. Moby Dick is a symbol of evil to some, of goodness to others, and of both to still others. D. The whiteness of Moby Dick is a paradoxical color, signifying death and corruption as well as purity, innocence and youth; it represents the final mystery of the universe. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Setting: unpopulated wildness an a dense forest along Mississippi River Characters:1.Ignorant uneducated black slave Jim2.Uneducated outcast white boy Huck Finn。Theme: Huck’s inner waving struggle between what he was taught and what he thought out of good-heart and humanity.Its Features：1.Profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn 2.Magic power with language, the use of vernacular. 3. Humor In a Station of the Metro1 by Ezra Pound The apparition of these faces in the crowd: Petals on a wet, black bough. Note: 1。a Paris subway station Analysis of this poem The poem’s form is similar to Japanese haiku, with considering its title as a verse-line. The word “apparition” has double meaning:1. “appearance”, something which can be clearly observed;2. something which seems real but perhaps is not real; something ghostly which cannot be clearly observed. Petals may refer to the faces in the crowd, while bough may refer to the railway in the Metro.
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