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非谓语动词专项练习

非谓语动词语法讲解
一、非谓语动词的概念动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。非谓语形式有三种：1、动词不定式：to do 2、动词的 ing : doing 3、动词的过去分词：done 二、三种形式的含义（基本用法）不定式：表示目的和将来；动词的 ing：表示主动和进行；过去分词：表示被动和完成。三、非谓语动词的时态和语态分词既有动词的特征，又有形容词和副词的特征。分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词有一般式和完成式，过去分词没有这种区别。及物动词的现在分词还有主动形式和被动形式的区别。
不定式
主动被动主动被动被动
一般式 to do to be done doing being done done
完成式 to have done to have been done having done having been done
进行式 to be doing
ing 形式
过去分词
四、非谓语动词的否定形式在非谓语动词前加 not, never. 即 not / never to do, not / never doing 五、非谓语动词的复合结构不定式的复合结构：for / of sb. to do sth. 动词 ing 形式的复合结构：宾格或所有格+doing (-ing 形式作主语时，用的所有格＋doing) 六、非谓语动词的做题步骤 1、判定是否用非谓语形式。方法：看看句子中是否已有了谓语动词了

2、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语。方法：非谓语动词的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语。 3、判断主被动关系。方法：非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的主动还是被动关系。 4、判断时间关系。方法：分析句子，看看非谓语动词所表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前、之后还是同时。之前常用 done; 之后常用 to do; 同时常用 doing. 学习非谓语形式时，建议把三种形式一起来比较学习，会更加有效一些。一、非谓语动词作主语和表语的比较 1、不定式和动名词作主语和表语 a. 不定式表示一次性的、具体的动词。动词 ing 常表示一般的、泛指的或习惯性的动作。如： ________ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk
(分析) a good form 暗示泛指一般的行为，用动名词作主语，选 B b. 不定式作主语时，常用 it 作形式主语，即用句型：It is + adj. / n. + (for / of sb. ) to do sth. It’s important for us to learn English well. It’s kind of you to help us. 注意：下面几个句型是用动名词： It’s no good / use doing sth. It’s useless doing sth. There is no need to do sth. 2、不定式、动名词、分词作表语的比较 1、不定式、动名词作表语，.表示主语的内容。如： My job is teaching / to teach English. (teaching / to teach English 是 my job 的内容) Knowing who we are means knowing what we like to do. （主表语要用同一种形式）

2、分词作表语记住：一些表示情感、情绪的动词，常用分词形式作表语。现在分词表示主语的性质特征，用过去分词表示主语的状态。常用动词：surprise (使某人吃惊)， surprising (令人吃惊)， surprised (主语)感到吃惊）类似动词有：excite (激动)，astonish (惊奇)，shock (震惊)，scare (惊恐)， move （感动），如：The movie is exciting. We are excited at the news. 3、在 seem / appear (似乎，好像)， prove / turn out (被证明是)， remain (仍然是，尚待)等连系 disappoint (失望)，
动词后，可用不定式作表语。如：He seemed (to be ) very happy. １．不定式作状语 *（１）表示目的 e.g. We will go to the clinic tomorrow to be examined by the doctor. （２）表示结果 e.g. He hurried home only to find that his grandfather was dead. （３）表示原因 e.g. He was lucky to have found the lost child. ２．-ing 分词作状语（１）作时间状语 e.g. （When we were) Climbing to the top of the tower, we saw a magnificent view. （２）*作原因状语 e.g. Having worked hard all day, I was ready for bed all day. （３）*作伴随状语 e.g. He ran up to her, breathing heavily. ３．-ed 分词作状语 (1) *作时间状语 e.g. (When it is) Heated, the metal expands. (2) *作原因状语 e.g. (Because he was) Deeply moved, he thanked her again and again. ? 注意：-ving 的时态和否定

? ? ? ? ? ? ?
一般式 doing 动作同时或者几乎同时完成式 having done 动作一先一后否定式 not doing / having done She sat there reading the book. Going into the room, he shut the door. Having lived in Hefei for many years, I knew the city well. Not knowing where to go, she went to the police for help.
非谓语动词专项练习 1. ___ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A Don’t know B Not to know C Not knowing D Not to be knowing 2. The next morning she found the man __in bed, dead. A lying B lie C lay D laying 3. He had his leg __in the match yesterday. A to break B broken C break D breaking 4. Most of the people __ to the party were famous scientists. A invited B to invite C being invited D inviting 5. Do you know the boy ___under the tree? A lay B lain C laying D lying 6. ---Good morning. Can I help you ? -----I’d like to have this package ___ A be weighed B to be weighed C to weigh D weighed 7. Most of the artists ___to the party were from that university. A invited B to invite C being invited D had been invited 8._____more attention, the trees could have grown better. A given B to give C giving D having given 9. The murderer was brought in, with his hand ___behind his back. A being tied B having tied C to be tied D tied 10. The secretary worked late into the night ,___a long speech for the president. A to prepare B preparing C prepared D was preparing 11. She’s upstairs ____ a letter. A writes B is writing C write D writing 12. It was so cold that they kept the fire ___all night. A to burn B burn C burning D burned 13.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ___ A hear B to hear C hearing D heard 14. _______ a reply, he decided to write again. A. not receiving B receiving not C not having received D having not received 15.The salesman scolded the girl caught ___ and let her off. A to have stolen B to be stealing C to steal D stealing 16. “Can’t you read ?” she said ____to the notice. A angrily pointing B and point angrily C angrily pointed D and angrily pointing 17.The missing boys were seen ____near the river. A playing B to be playing C play D to play

4.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 (1)不定式作定语 1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系 He was the last one to leave school yesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。 The train to arrive was from London.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系 Get him something to eat.给他拿点儿东西吃。 She has a lot of work to do in the morning.早上他有很多工作要做。 3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。 I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔写字。 There is nothing to worry about.没有什么值得发愁的。 4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如： ability 能力，本领 drive 赶，驾驶 movement 运动，活动 ambition 抱负，野心 effort 努力，尝试 need 需要，需求 campaign 战役，运动 failure 失败，不及格 opportunity 机会 chance 机会 force 力，压力，要点 promise 许诺，希望 courage 勇气 intention 意向，意图 reason 理由，原因 decision 决定 method 方法，方式 light 光，光线，亮光 determination 决心，决定 motive 动机，目的 struggle 奋斗，努力，

tendency 倾向，趋势 wish 希望，愿望，祝愿 5)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或 next， second, last, only 和 not a，the 等限定词时候，只能用不定式。 6)不定代词 something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。 John will do anything but work on a farm.除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。 7)如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如： tend to do---tendency to do;decide to do = decision to do;be curious to do = curiosity to do His wish to buy a car came true.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。 Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us. 他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。 (2)分词作定语分词作定语时有下面几个特点： 1)现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。 2)现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。 He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。 The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。 The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。 Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗?

He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。 3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意： departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come (3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如： Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗? Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗? 5.不定式和分词作状语的区别 (1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上。 Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。 2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。 Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。 (2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别 1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。 They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。(伴随) They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的) 2)分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。 Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch.由于在专心读书，他忘了吃午饭的时间。(原因) Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。(时间) Reading carefully，you'll learn something new.只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。(条件) His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷，不能维持他的生活。(结果) The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf.这男孩个子不够高，手伸不到书架。(结果) We are glad to hear the news.我们很高兴听到这消息。(原因) (3)下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的： a：not/never too?to, too?not to , but/only too? to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意义 b：做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。

c：不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用 for 引导主语
非谓语动词专项练习
非谓语动词专项练习 1. ___ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A Don’t know B not to know C not knowing D not to be knowing 选C 2. the next morning she found the man __in bed, dead. A lying B lie C lay D laying 选A 3. he had his leg __in the match yesterday. A to break B broken C break D breaking 选B 4. most of the people __ to the party were famous scientists. A invited B to invite C being invited D inviting 选A 5. do you know the boy ___under the tree? A lay B lain C laying D lying 选D 6. ---good morning. Can I help you ? -----I ‘d like to have this package ___ A be weighed B to be weighed C to weigh D weighed 选D 7. most of the artists ___to the party were from that university. A invited B to invite C being invited D had been invited 选A 8._____more attention, the trees could have grown better. A given B to give C giving D having given 选A 9. the murderer was brought in, with his hand ___behind his back.. A being tied B having tied C to be tied D tied 选D 10. the secretary worked late into the night ,___a long speech for the president. A to prepare B preparing C prepared D was preparing 选B 11. she’s upstairs ____ a letter. A writes B is writing C write D writing 选D 12. it was so cold that they kept the fire ___all night.

A to burn B burn C burning D burned 选C 13.the speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself ___ A hear B to hear C hearing D heard 选D 14. _______ a reply, he decided to write again. A not receiving B receiving not C not having received D having not received 选C 15.the salesman scolded the girl caught ___ and let her off. A to have stolen B to be stealing C to steal D stealing 选D 16. “can’t you read ?” she said ____to the notice. A angrily pointing B and point angrily C angrily pointed D and angrily pointing 选A 17.the missing boys were seen ____near the river. A playing B to be playing C play D to play 选A
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b7940071.html,/201305/9413135_2.html 4.不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别 (1)不定式作定语 1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系 He was the last one to leave school yesterday.昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。 The train to arrive was from London.将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。 2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系 Get him something to eat.给他拿点儿东西吃。 She has a lot of work to do in the morning.早上他有很多工作要做。 3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。 I need a pen to write with.我需要一支笔写字。

There is nothing to worry about.没有什么值得发愁的。 4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如： ability 能力，本领 drive 赶，驾驶 movement 运动，活动 ambition 抱负，野心 effort 努力，尝试 need 需要，需求 campaign 战役，运动 failure 失败，不及格 opportunity 机会 chance 机会 force 力，压力，要点 promise 许诺，希望 courage 勇气 intention 意向，意图 reason 理由，原因 decision 决定 method 方法，方式 light 光，光线，亮光 determination 决心，决定 motive 动机，目的 struggle 奋斗，努力， tendency 倾向，趋势 wish 希望，愿望，祝愿 5)被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或 next， second, last, only 和 not a，the 等限定词时候，只能用不定式。 6)不定代词 something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上用不定式做定语。 John will do anything but work on a farm.除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。 7)如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如： tend to do---tendency to do;decide to do = decision to do;be curious to do = curiosity to do His wish to buy a car came true.他要买辆车的愿望实现了。 Their decision to give up the experiment surprised us. 他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave.

他总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。 (2)分词作定语分词作定语时有下面几个特点： 1)现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。 2)现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。 He rushed into the burning house.他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。 The child standing over there is my brother.站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。 The room facing south is our classroom.朝南的房间是我们的教室。 Have you got your watch repaired? 你拿到那个修好的表了吗? He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。 3)下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意： departed, elapsed, faded, fallen, gone, frown-up, retired, returned, risen, set, vanished, much-traveled, newly-arrived, recently-come (3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后;现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生;过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如： Do you want to see the doctor to be sent for from Beijing? 你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗? Do you want to see the doctor working on the case report in the office? 你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗? 5.不定式和分词作状语的区别

(1)现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。 1)现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。 He went out shutting the door behind him. 他出去后将门随手关上。 Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help. 由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。 2)过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。 Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. 如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。 Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them. 在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。 (2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别 1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。 They stood by the roadside talking about the plan.他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。(伴随) They stood by the roadside to talk about the plan.他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的) 2)分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。 Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch.由于在专心读书，他忘了吃午饭的时间。(原因)

Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before.他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。(时间) Reading carefully，you'll learn something new.只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。(条件) His family was too poor to support him.他的家庭太穷，不能维持他的生活。(结果) The boy is not tall enough to reach the book shelf.这男孩个子不够高，手伸不到书架。(结果) We are glad to hear the news.我们很高兴听到这消息。(原因) (3)下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的： a：not/never too?to, too?not to , but/only too? to, too ready/eager/apt/inclined to 表示肯定意义 b：做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find, hear, see, be told, form, give, make, produce 等。 c：不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用 for 引导主语

非谓语动词专项练习题及答案详解

非谓语动词专项练习题及答案详解一、单项选择非谓语动词 1． Students surf the internet _____ more information about the university they are dreamt of. A ． found B ． finding C ． having found D ． to find 【答案】 D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式，指上网的目的。故选 D 。 2． ____ in pai nting, John didn 't notice evening approaching. A ． To absorb B ．To be absorbed C ． Absorbed D ． Absorbing 【答案】 C 【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：全神贯注于绘画中，约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语 be absorbed in 全神贯注于，在句中作状语，省略 be 动词，故选 C 。【点睛】本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候，首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语，确定逻辑主语之后，再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系，最后根据句意选择正确的答案。考查非谓语动词。句意：如果有很多工作要做，我很乐意一直把它做完。分析句子可知，用不定式做定语表示未发生的动作，放在被修饰词的名词、代词后，此处 to do 在句中做定语修饰 work ，主动形式表示被动含义，故选 A 。 4．— Did Peter fix the computer himself? — He ______ ,because he doesn ' t know much about computers. A ． has it fixed B ．had fixed it C ． had it fixed D ． fixed it 【答案】 C 3．If there is a lot of work ________ ． I A ． to do C ． done 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】【详解】 m happy to just keep on until it is finished ． B ． to be doing D ．doing

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非谓语动词专项训练一、① I want one magazine ______ . ( read ) ②My teacher wanted me ______ this question . ( answer ) ③The woman wanted her husband ______ at once . ( examine ) ④My bicycle wants _______ . ( repair ) 二、①What made you ______ so ? ( think ) ②The girl was made _____ a man she didn't love at all . ( marry ) ③The show made me _______ in the study of science . ( interest ) ④He raised the picture to make everyone _______ clearly . ( see ) ⑤He raised his voice to make himself _______ . ( hear ) ⑥My father himself made some candles _______ light . ( give ) ⑦The boss had the workers _______ day and night . ( work ) 三、①You'd better get your own room _______ . ( clean ) ②Yesterday he got his wallet _______ . ( steal ) ③You should get your friends _______ you . ( help ) ④The lecture got us _______ . ( think ) ⑤Don't get ________ in the rain . ( catch ) 四、①Did you see somebody _______ into the room ? ( steal ) ②I saw him _______ in the room at that time . ( read ) ③She was glad to see her child ________ good care of . ( take ) ④I saw her _______ at the windows , thinking . ( seat ) ⑤She was seen ________ here . ( come ) 五、①I like _______ very much . ( swim ) ②I don't like _______ TV at this time . ( watch ) ③He never likes _______ at the meeting . ( praise ) ④I feel like _______ to the cinema . ( go ) ⑤Would you like ______ with me ? ( go ) 六、①The man ______ at the meeting now is from the south . ( speak ) ②I don't know the professor ______ at the meeting tomorrow . ( speak ) ③He is the professor _______ to dinner . ( invite ) 七、①It was so cold and he had the fire _______ all night long . ( burn ) ②I have a lot of exercises ________ today . ( do ) ③"Do you have nay clothes _______ today ? "asked Mother . ( wash ) ④You'd better have that bad tooth _______ out . ( pull ) ⑤I want to have him _______ a car for me . ( find ) 八、①He doesn't do anything but _______ all day . ( play ) ②We have no choice but _______ . ( obey ) ③I'm thinking of how _______ my English . ( improve ) ④He made an apology for _____ late . ( be ) 九、①He told us about his trip in an _______ voice . ( excite ) ②He told us his story in a _______ voice . ( tremble ) ③At the sight of a snake , the little girl was very _______ . ( frighten ) ④The boy was _______ , so I didn't believe him again . ( disappoint ) 十、①He is looking forward to ______ college . ( enter ) ②He is looking forward to _____ nothing . ( see ) (类似于turn to do)

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初中英语非谓语动词专项练习题 1、____ some students, the teacher entered the hall、 A、 Following B、 Followed C、 Being followed D、 Having followed 2、____, and he had to go back home、 A、 Day having broken B、 Night had fallen C、 The day had broken D、 Night fallen 3、Hearing his father was seriously ill, ____、 A、 he burst into tears B、 his eyes were filled with tears C、 his face lost its color D、 tears came to his eyes 4、He did all this to make her ____, so she was very angry with him、 A、 laughed B、 a good man C、 laughing

5、Entering the house, I found Jane ____ at the desk and ____ something、 A、 seat; write B、 sitting; writing C、 seating; writing D、 seated; to write 6、____ so many people in the hall, I had to push my way to the front、 A、 Being B、 There were C、 There being D、 As being 7、--- What would you like for breakfast?--- I don’t feel like ____、 A、 to eat something B、 eating anything C、 to eat anything D、 eating nothing 8、He got out of the car, ____ to the nearest house and telephoned his friend for help、 A、 walked