英语词汇学试题1

英语词汇学试题

Introduction and Chapter 1

Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry（练习1）

I．Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers. Choose the one that would best complete the statement.

1.Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words,

primarily through the use of _____C____construct.

A. word

B. form

C. morpheme

D. root

2.______C__ is traditionally used for the study of the origins and history of the form and meaning of words.

A. Semantics

B. Linguistics

C. Etymology

D. Stylistics

3.Modern English is derived from the language of early __D____ tribes.

A. Greek

B. Roman

C. Italian

D. Germanic

4. Semantics is the study of meaning of different _____A____ levels: lexis, syntax, utterance, discourse, etc.

A. linguistic

B. grammatical

C. arbitrary

D. semantic

5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user’s choices of linguistic elements in a particular___B____ for special effects

A. situation

B. context

C. time

D. place

6.Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form , meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a ____D___ difference.

A . spelling B. semantic C. pronunciation D. pragmatic

7. Terminology consists of ____A___ terms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.

A. technical

B. artistic

C. different

D. academic

8. ______B____refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, sciences, trades, and professions communicate among themselves.

A. Slang

B. Jargon

C. Dialectal words

D. Argot

9 .____D_____ belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to stand between the standard general words including informal ones available to everyone and in-group words.

A. Jargon

B. Argot

C. Dialectal words

D. Slang

10. Argot generally refers to the jargon of ____B___.Its use is confined to the sub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly understand it.

A. workers

B. criminals

C. any person

D. policeman

11.____D____ are words used only by speakers of the dialect in question.

A. Argot

B. Slang

C. Jargon

D. Dialectal words

12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once in _____A____use but are now restricted only to specialized or limited use.

A. common

B. little

C. slight

D. great

13. Neologisms are newly-created words or expressions, or words that have taken on ___A___meanings.

A. new

B. old

C. bad

D. good

14. Content words denote clear notions and thus are known as___B______ words. They include nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and numerals.

A. functional

B. notional

C. empty

D. formal

15. Functional words do not have notions of their own. Therefore, they are also called _C______words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles belong to this category.

A. content

B. notional

C. empty

D. new

II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions according to the course book.

16.Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and _meanings____of words.

17.English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the _morphological_____ structures of English words and word equivalents, their semantics, relations, historical_____development, formation and _usages_____.

18.English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology,

_semanticc_____,etymology, stylistics, _lexicography_______.

19.There are generally two approaches to the study of words , namely synchronic and

__diachronic_____.

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2f8196207.html,nguage study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar and_vocabulary______.

III. Match the words or expressions in Column A with those in Column B according to 1) basic word stock and nonbasic vocabulary 2) content words and functional words 3) native words and borrowed words 4)characteristics of the basic word stock.

A B

21 . Stability ( G ) A. E-mail

22. Collocbility( F ) B. aught

23. Jargon( E ) C. por

24. Argot ( H ) D. upon

25.Notional words( c ) E. hypo

26. Neologisms ( A ) F. at heart

27. Aliens ( J ) G. man

28. Semantic-loans( I ) H. dip

29. Archaisms ( B ) I. fresh

30. Empty words ( D ) J. emir

IV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of nonbasic vocabulary.

31. dog cheap ( ) 32 a change of heart ( )

33. can-opener ( ) 34.Roger ( )

35. bottom line ( ) 36.penicillin ( )

37. auld ( ) 38. futurology ( )

39.brethren ( ) 40. take ( )

V. Define the following terms.

41. word 42. Denizens 43. Aliens 44. Translation-loans 45. Semantic-loans

VI. Answer the following Questions

46.Illustrate the relationship between sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.

47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your points with examples.

48. Give the types of nonbasic vocabulary with examples.

VII. Analyze and comment on the following.

49. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion.

earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.

50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.

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第五章 词汇： reference n.所指 Concept n.概念 identical adj. 同一的；完全相同的 Motivation 理据 Onomatopoeic 拟声的 echoic 拟声的 morphological 形态的 opaque adj. 不透明的；不传热的；迟钝的 literal adj. 文字的；逐字的；无夸张的 figurative 形态的 associations 联想 Etymological 词源 monogamous 单配的 constant adj. 不变的 indeterminate 不确定的 archaic 旧的 Interjections 感叹词 overlaps n. 重叠部分 revealed v. 透露 要点： 一. 1.Reference –the relationship between language and the world.(cat,"she""annimal"ect.) ｛The reference of a word to a thing outside the language is a rbitrary and conventional. This connection is the result of generalization and abstraction. Although reference is abstract，yet with the help of context， it can refer to something specific. ｝

2.Concept–which beyond language, is the result of human cognition,reflecting the objective world in the human mind. It isn’t affected by language. Meaning and concept are closely connected but not identical. Meaning belongs to language，so is restricted to language use. A concept can have as many referring expressions as there are language in the world. 3.Sense – (the meaning of meaning.) denotes the relationship inside the language. Every word that has meaning has sense. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of semantic relationships with other expressions in the language. It is also abstraction. 二.Motivation-accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its mean ing. English does have words whose meanings can be explained to a certain extent. Most words are non-motivated. The connection of the sign and meaning dose not have a logical explanation. 1.Onomatopoeic Motivation – the words whose sounds suggest their meaning. （Indicate the relationship between sound and meaning）. Knowing the sounds of the words means understanding the meaning. These words we created by imitating the natural sounds or noises. (For example，bang，ping-pang，crow by cocks，etc. ) Such echoic words are also conventional for the sounds we say in English may not be the same in other language.

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