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现在完成时语法详细讲解

现在完成时语法详细讲解
现在完成时语法详细讲解

英语现在完成时语法详细讲解与配套习题

一、现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成:have (has) +过去分词。规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样,在动词词尾加ed; 不规则变化的过去分词见不规则动词表,需要同学记忆。

现以see the film为例将现在完成时的肯定句,否定句和疑问句列表如下:

肯定句:I/You/We/They have seen the film. He/She /It has seen the film.

否定句:I/You/We/They have not/ haven’t seen the film.

He/ She/It has not/hasn’t seen the film.

疑问句:Have I/you/they seen the film? Yes, you/ we/I/they have. No, you/ we/I/they ha ven’t.

Has he/she/it seen the film? Yes, he/ she/ it has. No, he/ she/ it hasn’t.

二、用法:现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在。

肯定句

疑问句、否定

最近肯定、否定、疑问句

几次

用法一:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然),once(一次),twice(两次),many times (很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今为止),during the past(last)three years(最近三年来)等连用。

※副词的位置:①just常用于肯定句中,放在have / has后,He has just come .

②never表示否定, 放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.

③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has+主语+ever +过去分词?“…曾经……过吗?”用于询问某人过去的经历。Have you ever been to the farm?

④before用于句末,The woman has never heard of that before.

⑤yet 用于句末或not 之后.Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet.

⑥already用于肯定句, have / has 之后或句末.We have already finished it.

⑦so far用于句首或句末. So far, we have visited the moon.

用法二:表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语有:

①for+表示一段时间的词语I have taught English for 19 years。

②since+表示过去时间点的词语He has been at this school since 1986.

③since+表示过去的时间状语从句I have lived here since I was born.

④since+一段时间+ago. I have known him since 20 years ago.

三、现在完成时态中可以和表示一段时间状语(for,since,how long, all one’s life)连用的动词必须是表示延续的情况或动作的动词,即延续性动词。如:be,have,know,live,work,study,learn,teach,keep,speak,talk,draw,wait,wear,walk,sleep,drive,write,do,clean等。

I have been a teacher for nearly 20 years. How long has he lived here?

英语中还有一些动词的意义决定它们所表示的动作不能延续,只是一瞬间

就结束的动作,这类动词叫做“非延续性动词”,常见的有:come,go,arrive,reach,see,hear,close,open,leave,begin,start,lose,buy,fall,join,die,get up,become,borrow,lend,find,finish,receive等。这些动词可用于现在完成时,说明某个动作的结果还存在,但不能和表示一段时间的状语(how long,for,since)连用。He has come back.(√)He has come back for two hours.(×)

※但在否定句中,非延续性动词也可用表示一段时间的状语来修饰,如

I haven’t heard from my father for a long time. We haven’t seen him since 1999.

(5)用相应的延续性动词替代非延续性动词。

He has bought the book for two weeks. 改为:He has had the book for two weeks.

常见的相应转换形式如下:

borrow / lend→keep, buy→have, finish / end→be over,

arrive /come / go / move / reach /get to→be in /at / be here /be there,

begin / start→be on , open→be open , close→be closed,die→be dead ,

leave→be away(from), go to school→be in school / be a student,

getup→be up, fall asleep→be asleep , fall ill→be ill, get to know→know, lose→be lost,become→be, return / come back / get back→be back,

join→be in / be a…member, join the army→be in the army /be a soldier, receive / get a letter→have a letter , catch / get a cold→have a cold,

begin to study→study,

他参军已有三年.He has joined the army for three years.(错)改为:

He has been in the army for three years / since three years ago.

He has been a soldier for three years / since three years ago.

He joined the army three years ago.

It is three years since he joined the army.

Three years has passed since he joined the army.

四、现在完成时中应注意的几个问题

have been to 和have gone to的区别

have been to 强调“去过”,现已不在那里,如:

He has been to the USA three times.

他到美国去过三次。(过去“到美国”,现在已“不在美国”)

have gone to主要强调的是“去了”,现在人不在说话的现场,如:

--Where's your mother? --你妈妈在哪?

--She has gone to the hospital. --她去医院了。

五、如何通过与一般过去时做比较,进一步掌握现在完成时?

一般过去时和现在完成时的动作都发生在过去,但意义却不同.

(1)一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态,和现在不发生关系。

现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响,强调的是现在。

如:I learned ten English songs(说明过去学过,现在是否记得,不是本句的内容)

I have learnt ten English songs.(learn发生在过去,但强调我现在懂英语歌曲)

I cleaned the blackboard half an hour ago.(只说明“擦”和其发生的时间)

I have cleaned the blackboard.(说明现在黑板是干净的)

The teacher has written some new words on the blackboard(黑板上现在有单词)

The teacher wrote some new words on the blackboard(黑板上现在没有单词)

(2)一般过去时可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last year, three days ago, just now, 等。现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用,其时间状语可以是since…,for… , just, ever, never, bef ore, already, yet , so far, all one’s life等

典型例题】

1. — Oh, Mrs. King, your necklace looks nice. Is it new?

— No, I ____ it for two years.

A. had

B. have had

C. bought

D. have bought

2. His grandfather _____ for over two years.

A. has died

B. has been dead

C. has dead

D. died

3.Uncle Li can speak English very well because he _____ England for 5 years.

A. has gone to

B. has been to

C. has come to

D. has been in

4. — Where is Mr. Zhang? — He _____ London.

A. has been to

B. has been

C. has gone

D. has gone to

5. — _____ to the United States? — No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.

A. Have you been

B. Have you gone

C. Did you go

D. Will you go

6. I haven’t seen you _____ last Friday.

A. for

B. since

C. from

D. on

7. —John, you ____ the computer game for two hours. It’s bad for your eyes. Stop, please!

— OK, Mum.

A. played

B. have played

C. were playing

D. play

8.I won’t go to the concert because I _____ my ticket.

A. lost

B. don’t lose

C. have lost

D. will lost

Exercise: Fill in the blanks with the right verb tense:

1. It (rain)for a week.

2. I don’t know this woman. I(meet, never)her.

3.-Let’s go to the cinema.-No, I (see, already)the film.

4. We (finish, not)our homework yet. Will you wait a minute?

5. John (come, not)yet. He will be back in a minute.

6. Mr. Green often goes to America. In fact, he (be)there ten times.

7. -Where’s John? -He just (go)to the teachers’ office.

8. She (study)English since she was ten. She (begin)to study English when she was ten.

9. Jim isn’t here. He(go)to the library. He (go)there an hour ago.

10. He (travel, never)on a train in her life.

英语语法-现在完成时用法及习题

目录 1现在完成时的构成 (2) 2现在完成时的用法 (5) 3 使用现在完成时需注意事项 (7) 4过去完成时与现在完成时的比较 (12) 练习题 (13) 答案 (16)

现在完成时对于我们来讲是所有时态中最难掌握的一种。因为它并不是表示发生于某一时间的事情,而是既涉及过去,又联系现在的一种时态。请参见下列三个例句: 例:1.I live in Beijing. 我住在北京。 2.I lived in Beijing. 我住过北京。(我在北京住过。) 3.I have lived in Beijing. 我一直住在北京。 例1.的live是一般现在式,表示“我现在住在北京”这一事实。 例2.的lived是过去式。这句只是表示在过去的某一时期我在北京住过,至于现在住不住在北京则不清楚。 例3.的have lived是现在完成时,表示我在过去的某一时间开始住在北京,现在也住在北京。表示从过去到现在的一种继续状态。 1现在完成时的构成 现在完成时的形式是“have (has)+过去分词”,表示继续、完了、结果和经验等四种意思。 现在完成时的否定句是在have(has)的后面加上not,疑问句是将have(has)置于主语之前。 1现在完成时的肯定句 句型:

We have lived in Beijing. 我们一直住在北京。 He has lived in Beijing. 他一直住在北京。 过去分词的三种用法 过去分词有下列三种用法(过去分词的构成详见第六章):1.构成现在(过去)完成时 have(has)+过去分词~ I have written the letter. 我写完这封信了。 2.被动语态:参见第十三章 be + 过去分词~ He was looked after.他受到照顾。 3.用于形容词 This is a broken chair. 这是一张坏的椅子。 2现在完成时的否定句 句型:主语+have(has)+not +过去分词~. I have not seen the movie yet.

现在完成时语法详细讲解

英语现在完成时语法详细讲解与配套习题 一、现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,但它的影响现在还存在;也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成: have (has) +过去分词。规则变化的过去分词与过去式的变化一样,在动词词尾加ed; 不规则变化的过去分词见不规则动词表,需要同学记忆。 现以see the film为例将现在完成时的肯定句,否定句和疑问句列表如下: 肯定句:I/You/We/They have seen the film. He/She /It has seen the film. 否定句:I/You/We/They have not/ haven’t seen the film. He/ She/It has not/hasn’t seen the film. 疑问句:Have I/you/they seen the film Yes, you/ we/I/they have. No, you/ we/I/they haven’t. Has he/she/it seen the film Yes, he/ she/ it has. No, he/ s he/ it hasn’t. 二、用法:现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在。 标志词词义用法位置 already已经肯定句句中或句末 ever曾经疑问句、肯定句句中 never从未,从来不陈述句,不和not 连用句中 (ever)since自从肯定、疑问、否定句中 for后接一段时间肯定、疑问、否定句中 just刚刚,正好肯定句句中 yet还疑问句、否定句末 recently最近肯定、否定、疑问句句末 once, twice, a few times几次肯定、疑问句末 during/over /in 在过去的一段时间里肯定、疑问、否定句末 the past/last + 一段时 间 It’s the first time I …这是我第一次…肯定句前

英语语法-现在完成时讲解培训资料

第六讲现在完成时 1.概念: 1)、表示动作或状态在过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还要持续下去,常和for, since, 连用, 表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词. eg: We have lived here since 2000. 自从2000年以来我们一直住在这里. ( 说明一直住在这里, 也许还会住下去. ) She has worked in Nanning for five years. She has been ill for a week. 2)表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果. eg: I have lost my pen. 我把钢笔弄丢了. ( 过去某时丢的, 现在还没有找到) I have already watched the TV play. 我已经看过这部电视剧了. --- Have you had your lunch yet ? 你吃过午饭了吗? --- Yes, I have just had it. 是的, 我刚吃过. ( 说明现在饱了) 2. 结构: 主语+ have / has + done + … 3. 句型: ⑴肯定句: ①主语+ have / has + done + … eg:She has been to Shanghai. 她去过上海. I have finished doing my homework. 我已经完成我的作业了. ⑵否定句: ①主语+ have / has + not +done + … eg:I haven’t seen this film. 我没有看过这部电影. eg:She hasn’t finished doing his homework. 她还没有完成她的作业. ⑶一般疑问句:① Have / Has + 主语+ done + … eg: Have you seen this film ? Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t . 你看过这部电影吗? 是的, 看过. / 不, 没有. eg:Has she finished do ing his homework ? Yes, she has . / No, she hasn’t. 她完成她的作业了吗? 是的, 完成了. / 不, 没有. ⑷特殊疑问句:①特殊疑问词+ have / has + 主语+ done + … eg: When has you seen this film ? 你什么时候看的这部电影? eg: Who has finished doing his homework ? 谁完成了作业? 4. 时间状语:典型的表时间的词与现在完成时连用,这些词有:

现在完成时的构成英语语法大全

现在完成时的构成 一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词 用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构 成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) 二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分 别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。 注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如: 4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。 三)一般疑问式 助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它? 说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到句首,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already改为any ,ye t就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ,主语+have/has.否定回答用“No,主语+haven't/hasn't.”有时也可以用“No,not yet./No ,never./No,not even once.”等。实例:

现在完成时语法

现在完成时的基本句型: 肯定式:主语+助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+动词的过去分词? 否定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + not+动词的过去分词. 例句: 1.Ihave cleaned myroom. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’tfinished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read thisnovel? 你看过这本小说吗? Yes,I have. 是的,看过了。No, I haven’t. 不,没看过。4.We have studied English for twoyears. 我们已经学了两年英语了。 5.They haven’tseen each other since1998. ?自从1998年他们就没再见过面。 现在完成时的主要用法 1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 --It’ssodark. --Someone has turnedoff the light. (有人刚把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是:现在很黑) -- Areyou free? --I havefinished myhomework. Iam free (我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在造成的结果是很有空) 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间的状语连用.表示持续动作或状态的词应是延续性动词.常与since+ 过去的时间点,since+谓语是一般过去时的从句;for+ 一段时间,sofar 等时间状语连用。如: I have learnt English for more than tenyears.我已经学了10多年的英语。 (从10年前开始,持续到现在还在学) She has swum since half anhourago.我已经游泳了半个小时 (半个小时前已经开始游泳,到现在还在游) 3.表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I haveeverbeentothe Summer Palace?(我曾去过颐和园) I have never hada car.(我从未有过汽车。) 现在完成时的时间状语 常与①already, ②never, ③ever,④just(刚才),⑤yet,⑥b efore, ⑦upto now, ⑧so far(到目前为止),⑨for the lastfew weeks, ⑩these days, ⑾since2010/twoyearsag o,since he came here,⑿for a long time(13)in the last/ past…years等连用。 a)already 往往用于肯定句,用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet用 于否定句和疑问句。eg: ?Hehas already lefthere. 他已经离开这里了。 ?Has he alreadyleft here? 他(真的)已经离开这里了吗?(表示加强语气) ?My teachershaven’thad breakfastyet.我的老师们还没有吃早饭。 ?Have you writtentoyour parentsyet?你已经给你父母写过信了吗? b)never 是否定词,表示“从来没有”,而ever表示“曾经” ?Wehavenever been tothe Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。 ?Have you ever been toCanada?你们曾经去过加拿大吗? --

英语语法现在完成时的基本例句

英语语法现在完成时的 基本例句 SANY标准化小组 #QS8QHH-HHGX8Q8-GNHHJ8-HHMHGN#

现在完成时的基本例句:? 1.I have worked here since 1970.? 自1970 年以来我就在这儿工作。? 2.He has been to the Great Wall twice.? 他已经去过两次长城了。? 3.Mike has just finished his homework.? 迈克刚做完他的作业。? 现在完成时是描述过去发生的而与现在情况有关的事或状态(例2,? 例3),或是从过去某时到现在为止这一段时间中发生的情况(例1),?换言之,现在完成时是表现从过去到现在的事情。2 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时的形式皆以“ have(has)+过去分词”来表示,有“继续”、“完了”、“结果”、“经验”等用法。 继续 I have studied English for three years. 我已经学习英语三年了。 She has been sick since last month. 她从上个月就生病了。 经验 I have visited Beijing many times. 我访问过北京好多次了。 Have you ever been to Hawaii? 你曾经去夏威夷吗? 完成 I have just finished my homework. 我刚刚完成我的家庭作业。 Has he finished his work yet? 他作好工作了吗? 结果 My brother has become a teacher. 我哥哥已经成为一名教师了。 I have lost my watch. 我手表弄丢了。(我现在仍旧没有表)

2017人教版八年级下英语现在完成时语法讲解

现在完成时(I)语法知识 定义:(1)表示过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这个影响和结果对现在还必须存在.常与already(已经), yet(已经,还), just(刚刚),ever(曾经),never 等词连用. 常用于肯定句或疑问句(均表示:已经). 常用于否定句(表示:还、尚),疑问句末尾(表示:已经). 现在完成时的构成及句型结构:(注:过去分词的变化分规则变化与不规则变化,规则变化与动词原形变过去式一样,不规则变化见教材137页) 1.肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词+其他+时间. eg: I have already lost the key.我已经弄丢了钥匙. (我现在没有钥匙) He has ever read that book .他曾经看过这本书. (了解书的内容) They have just cleaned their hands.他们刚刚洗过手了. (手是干净的) 2.否定句:主语+haven’t/ hasn’t+过去分词+其他+时间. eg: I haven’t lost the key yet. He hasn’t ever read that book . They haven’t just cleaned their hands. 3.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+have/ has. 否定回答:No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t. eg: Have you already lost the key? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he ever read the book? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. Have they just cleaned their hands? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t. 4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间? eg: What have you already done?(done是do/does的过去分词) What has he ever done? What have they just done? 定义:(2)现在完成时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态。常与for, since引导的时间短语或从句连用.

新概念第二册语法解析及练习:现在完成时

现在完成时: 1.构成:have / has + 过去分词 2.功能: (1)表示过去所发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果。常与yet, just, before, recently, lately(最近), ever, never等表时间的副词搭配使用。 ?. He hasn't seen her lately. ?. I haven't finished the book yet. (2)表示一个从过去某个时间开始,延续到现在并可能持续下去的动作,常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如:so far(迄今为止), up till now(直到现在), since, for a long time (很长时间), up to present(直到现在), in the past / in the last few years(在过去的几年里), these days(目前)…… ?. He has worked here for 15 years. ?. I have studied English since I came here. ?. The foreigner has been away from China for a long time. ?. So far, I haven't received a single letter from my brother. (3)某些非延续性动词(即:动作开始便终止的动词),在现在完成时中不能与表示一段时间状语搭配。 黄金要点:I.常见的非延续动词:die, arrive(到达), join(加入), leave(离开), go, refuse (拒绝), fail(失败), finish, buy, marry, divorce(离婚), awake(醒), buy, borrow, lend ... II.这类动词并非不能用现在完成时,而是不能接常由for引导的时间状语。 III.但若是用在否定句中,非延续动词的现在完成时可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。?. She has gone away for a month.(误)?. She has been away for a month (正) ?. The man has died for two years.(误)?. The man has been dead for two years.(正)?. How long have you bought the book?(误)?. How long have you got the book.(正)

现在完成时趣味讲解

现在完成时趣味讲解 现在完成时的含义 可与现在完成时态相连用的常见时间状语 瞬间动词在现在完成时态中的用法 现在完成时的含义 在当今常见的语法书中对现在完成时的定义大多是:现在完成时是指过去发生的至今已经完成或还在继续的动作。在笔者2011年于《海外英语》中发表的《have + -en的构式研究》中曾指出这一说法的稍欠妥之处。因为过去发生的“已经完成”或“未完成”容易让学生产生疑惑:究竟是不是完成时? 笔者认为易仲良教授提出的“式态”的说法以及马承老师提出的“现在完成时表示过去已经发生而与现在情况有关系的动作”这一说法更能让学生理解。事实上,我在初中的教学过程当中也是这样跟学生讲解的,学生们能够较好的理解这一说法,并能自然地将现在完成时与一般过去时区分开来。 常与现在完成时相连的时间状语 在初中阶段,多数考查现在完成时的句子当中都有较为明显的时间状语标志词, 比如以下的这些句子(均摘录自人教版教材): Have you read Treasure Island yet? I’ve already read it. Have you ever been to a museum?

I’ve never been to a science museum. I’ve had this bike for three years. 如果在实际的教学过程当中孤立地让学生记忆这些时间状语标志,无疑会给学生增大学习难度。为了能够提高学生的学习兴趣,我认为可以通过口诀韵律的方式让学生较快地掌握:以前(before)从来不(never)出现,最近(recently)曾经(ever)一两遍(once/twice/many times…), 自从(since+时间点)刚刚(just)for一段(for+一段),至今(so far/up to now)已经(already/yet)很明显。 在实际的教学过程当中,教师可有意识地讲述两个“已经”(already/yet)及(since/for)的区别着重分章节讲解,让学生在有了整体概念的基础上对各个考点进行突破。 瞬间动词在现在完成时中的用法 在人教版的课本附录的语法讲解中,我们可以看到:“某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在(包括”现在“在内)的动作或状态,可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。表示持续动作或状态的动词多是延续性动词”。如: I have known Bob for three years. They have lived here since 1996. She has taught us since I came to this school. 但在实际的语言运用过程当中,有很多的非延续性动词也有需要用于“过去已经发生对现在有影响”这一时态用法中,比如“我买这台自

现在完成时语法

(Present Perfect)。 第一部分 现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。学习现在完成时,先从结构和句式开始: 构成:主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他。(当主语是第三人称单数时用has,其余人称用have。过去分词:规则动词的过去分词构成与动词过去式相同;不规则动词需要特殊记忆。) 否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。 疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他? 简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定) 现在完成时常用的时间状语有: already (”已经”用于肯定句的中间和末尾处) never (“从不”用于中间处) ever (”曾经”用于疑问句和肯定句的中间处) just (“刚刚”用于中间处) yet (“已经”用于疑问句的末尾处/ “还”用于否定句的末尾处) 或不加任何的时间状语,但不能和表示过去的时间状语连用. 第二部分 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 already, just和yet 表示到现在为止动作或状态已经、刚刚或还没有发生。 He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。 He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。 He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。 * 以ever和never为标志 ever和never 表示到现在为止动作或状态曾经或从来没有发生过。 This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。 He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。 * 以动作发生的次数为标志 若某一动作到现在为止已经发生了若干次,则要使用现在完成时。 He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。 * 以so far为标志 so far往往表示到目前为止动作或状态已经发生。 He has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。 She has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了。 第三部分 过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。 *“终止”、“延续”要转换

2017人教版八年级下英语现在完成时语法讲解

现在完成时(I )语法知识 定义:(1)表示过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这个影响和结果对现 在还必须存在.常与already (已经),yet(已经,还),just (刚刚),ever (曾经),never 等词连用. already 常用于肯定句或疑问句(均表示:已经). yet : 常用于否定句(表示:还、尚),疑问句末尾(表示:已经). 现在完成时的构成及句型结构:(注:过去分词的变化分规则变化与不规则变化,规则变化与动词原形变过去式一样,不规则变化见教材137 页) 1.肯定句:主语+have/has+ 过去分词+其他+时间. eg: I have already lost the key. 我已经弄丢了钥匙.(我现在没有钥 匙) He has ever read that book ? 他曾经看过这本书.(了解书的内容) They have just cleaned their hands. 他们刚刚洗过手了.(手是干净 的) 2.否定句:主语+haven ' hasn't+ 过去分词+其他+时间. eg: I haven ' lost the key yet. He hasn'tever read that book . They haven'tjust cleaned their hands. 3.—般疑问句:Have/Has+ 主语+过去分词+其他+时间?肯定回答:Yes, 主语 +have/ has. 否定回答:No, 主语+haven t/hasn t. eg: Have you already lost the key? Yes, I have. No, I haven't. Has he ever read the book? Yes, he has. No, he hasnt. Have they just

2017人教版八年级下英语现在完成时语法讲解(最新整理)

1 现在完成时(I )语法知识定义:(1)表示过去发生或已经发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,这个影响和结果对现在还必须存在.常与already(已经), yet(已经,还), just(刚刚 ),ever(曾经),never 等词连用. 常用于肯定句或疑问句(均表示:已经) . 常用于否定句(表示:还、尚),疑问句末尾(表示:已经). 现在完成时的构成及句型结构:(注:过去分词的变化分规则变化与不规则变化,规则变化与动词原形变过去式一样,不规则变化见教材137页) 1.肯定句:主语+have/has+过去分词 +其他+时间. eg: I have already lost the key. 我已经弄丢了钥匙. (我现在没有钥匙)He has ever read that book . 他曾经看过这本书. (了解书的内容) They have just cleaned their hands. 他们刚刚洗过手了. (手是干净的) 2.否定句:主语+haven’t/ hasn’t+过去分词+其他+时间. eg: I haven’t lost the key yet. He hasn’t ever read that book . They haven’t just cleaned their hands.3.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他+时间? 肯定回答:Yes, 主语+have/ has. 否定回答:No, 主语+haven’t/hasn’t. eg: Have you already lost the key? Yes, I have. No, I haven’t. Has he ever read the book? Yes, he has. No, he hasn’t. Have they just cleaned their hands? Yes, they have. No, they haven’t. 4.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+have/has +主语+过去分词+其他+时间? eg: What have you already done? (done 是do/does 的过去分词) What has he ever done? What have they just done? 定义:(2)现在完成时表示从过去开始一直持续到现在还有可能继续持续下去的动作或状态。常与for, since 引导的时间短语或从句连用 .

英语语法大攻克--现在完成时

现在完成时 1. Kate’s never seen Chinese films,____ ? A. hasn’t she B. has she C. isn’t she D. is she 2. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 3. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? ______you______ your homework yet? A. Do;finish B. Are;finishing C. Did;finish D. Have;finished 4. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can’t remember where I______ A. Did;surf;surfed B. Have;surfed;surfed C. Did;surf;have surfed D. Have;surfed;have surfed 5. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 6. Tom______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 7. I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn’t receive B. haven’t got C. didn’t have D. haven’t heard 8. -Have you ever______Beijing to see the Forbidden City? -Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 9. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 10. I won’t go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don’t lose C. have lost D. is coming 11. – Where is Mr Liu? - He________ the library. A. has been to B. has gone to C. has been in D.has went 12. The cleaners have cleaned the streets, ________? A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they 13. I like Beijing. I________ there three times. A. went B. go C. have been D. have gone 14.We came to Shanghai three years ago, so we_______here for two years. A. have been to B. have been in C. have been D. have gone 15.- How long_______you _______your exam paper? - About three months. A. did;buy B. have;get C. have;had D. have;bought 16. He tells me he ________China for over eight years. A. has been B. has been in C. has been to D. has gone to 17.____has Mr. Brown been a member of the party since he_____to China? A. How soon;comes B. How often;got C. How long;came D. How far;arrived 18. His parents________ for more than 3 years. A. have come here B. have started to work C. have lived there D. have left the university 答案:1.B 2.D 3.D 4.D 5.C 6. D 7.B 8.D 9.A 10.C 11.A 12.D 13. C 14.C15 C16.B 17.C 18.C

(英语语法)四种完成时态

LESSON EIGHT 四种完成时态 主系表 现在:You are rich. 过去:You were rich. 将来:You will be rich. 过去将来:You would be rich. There be 现在:There is a book on the desk . 过去:There was a book on the desk. 将来:There will be a book on the desk. 过去将来:There would be a book on the desk. 主谓宾状 现在:You study English in the school. 过去时:You studied English in the school. 将来时: You will study English in the school. You are going to study English. You are to study English. You are about to study English 过去将来:You would study English in the scho You were going to study English. You were to study English. You were about to study English.

You are studying English. You were studying English. You will be studying English. You woud be studying English. 课堂练习 1:你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他?2:你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗? 3:你知道昨天他们家的狗为什么咬bit bite你吗?4:我妈妈昨天问我我打算在哪学英语. 5:你知道你们学校的图书馆去年有多少图书吗? 6:你知道他的父亲什么时候死的吗? 7:你知道老鼠mouse为什么爱大米rice吗? 8:你知道你们老师明年打算写多少本书吗? 9:你知道你们老师现在在哪吃午饭的吗? 10:你知道昨天晚上7点半你爸爸和你妈妈在客厅里做什么呢吗? 11:那个医生告诉我他临时在这个医院帮忙。 课堂答案 1:你知道你们老师的爸爸昨天为什么要打beat他?Do you know why your teacher’s father beat him yesterday? 2:你知道你们班的那个女孩子怎样成为你们班最好的学生吗? 2

现在完成时讲解(1)

如何使用现在完成时 同学们我们已经学习了现在进行时、一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时这4种时态的用法,但这4种时态还不能满足我们表达的需要。比如:表示“某人过去曾经做过某事”或者“某人做某事多久”,以上五种时态就派不上用场了。这时,我们可以用一种新的时态——现在完成时表示。 一、现在完成时的构成 (一)肯定式 主语+助动词have /has +过去分词+其它 说明:这里的have /has是助动词,没有什么具体意义。当主语是第三人称单数时助动词用has,其余人称一律用have。has,have的缩略式分别为's或've。规则动词过去分词的构成与过去式的构成方式一样,不规则动词可参看不规则动词表。实例: 1)I've just copied all the new words .我刚抄写了所有的生词。(表示不要再抄了) 2)She has lost her books .她丢失了她的书。(表示到目前为止还没有找到) (如果用过去时:She lost her books . 则强调书是过去丢的这一动作,而不知现在有没有找到) 3)We've just cleaned the classroom .我们刚好打扫了教室。(表明现在教室是干净的) (二)否定式 主语+助动词have /has+not+过去分词+其它 说明:现在完成时构成否定句时,只需在助动词have /has后面加not就行。have not,has not的缩略式分别为haven't ,hasn't。另外,肯定句中有some,already时,改为否定时要分别改成any,yet。实例: 1)I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的作业。 2)She hasn't travelled on a train .她没有坐火车旅行过。 3)We have never spoken to a foreigner.我们从来没有和外国人说过话。 注:有时not可以用never代替,表示“从来没有”的意思。又如: 4)I have never seen him before.以前我从来没有见过他。 (三)一般疑问式 助动词Have /Has +主语+过去分词+其它? 说明:把陈述句中的have或has放到句首,句末打问号,同时把句中的some ,already改为any ,ye t 就构成了一般疑问句。肯定回答用“Yes ,主语+have/has.否定回答用“No,主语+haven't/ hasn't.”有时也可以用“No,not yet./No ,never./No,not even once.”等。实例: 1)—Have you ever made dumplings ?你曾经做过饺子吗? —Yes ,I have .是的,我做过。 2)—Has she ever been abroad ?她曾经出过国吗? —No,never.不,从来没有。 3)—Have they found the lost books yet ?他们已经找到了丢失的书吗? —Yes ,they have.是的,他们找到了。 注意:当句中有否定词not ,hardly(几乎不),never的时候,在改为反意疑问句时,附加部分用肯定形式。例如:You have never come to our school ,have you ?你以前从来没有来过我们学校,是吗?二、现在完成时的用法 (一)现在完成时的用法1:表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。此时,常与时间副词already(已经),yet(还、已经),just(刚刚、仅仅) ,ever(曾经),never(从不),before(以前)等连用。这几个副词的用法如下: 1.already意为“已经”,通常用于肯定句中,可放在助动词之后,过去分词之前,也可以放在句末。实例: 1)I've already read this book. 我已经读过这本书了。 (“读”这一动作发生在过去,对现在造成的影响是“知道书中的内容”。)

新概念英语第一册语法总结:现在完成时汇编

新概念英语第一册语法总结:现在完成时 现在完成时 构成:主语+助动词have, has+过去分词 用法: 1)表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作,常和just, usually, already, since等时间副词连用。 I have just had lunch. (饱了,不用再吃了。) He has had a cup of tea.(不渴了,不用再喝。) They have already had their holiday. (不能再度假了。) The boy has already read the book. (已经知道书的内容了,不用再看了。) 2)询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时: Have you finished your homework? Have you been to Beijing? Have he seen the film? 3)表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作 I have lived in Beijing for twenty years. I have worked for this school for 1 year. 4)表示一种经历,经验:去过…地方,做过…事情,经历过…事情

I have never had a bath. I have never seen a film. I have never been to cinema. I have ever been to Paris. Have been to表示去过,have gone to 表示去了 I have been to London.(人已经回来) He has gone to London.(人还在那里) 5)表示一种结果,一般不和时间副词联用 I have lost my pen. I have hurt myself. He has become a teacher. She has broken my heart. 句型变化: ★变疑问句将助动词移到句首,变否定句在助动词后面加not. Have you lost your pen? I have not lost my pen.

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