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钢结构施工组织方案(中英文对照)

钢结构工程施工方案

Steel Structure Construction Scheme

一、钢结构工程概述

A brief account of steel structure work

本工程为斯比克（中国）工业设备制造有限公司之汾湖新厂房项目钢结构工程。分A-1和A-2两个单体，其中A-1屋面面积3.4万平方米，A-2屋面面积1.5万平方米。

生产车间内设有桥式桁车，钢柱、钢梁采用焊接成型的H型钢，结构主材采用Q345B，檩条采用Z型钢，墙面采用双层压型钢板+保温棉的构造，屋面采用钢承板+保温板+柔性防水卷材的构造。The working area of steel structure work are production and warehouse halls, bicycle shed, total area is about 16500 square meter, roof pitch is 5%, eave height 13.75M. There will be 6 8t bridge traveling cranes in production hall, welding H-section steel column and beam, structural main material is Q345B, cold bending sheet steel Z-purlin, wall and roof cladding are double-skin pressed steel sheet and thermal insulation wool.

二、钢结构工程的特点

Characteristic of steel structure work

1、该工程单坡最大跨度为18m，钢柱高度大，单榀框架的平面外刚度极小，吊装过程中做好保证结构平面外的稳定作为安全技术控制的重点。

The single span of the work is 18m, the height of steel column is large, single frame plane external rigidity is very small, so the key point of safety technical control is to guarantee the stability outside the structural plane.

2、厂房最大连续24跨，长度方向252m，制作安装时应注意误差累计，做好测量控制点，保证整个厂房的安装精度。

Take out 6 steel columns from grid line 9~14 in the production building, instead of 52.5m space truss as trimmer beam to support the upper structure and crane load, the installation of the space truss is a difficulty point of this work.

三、施工现场总平面布置方案

施工现场平面布置方案大体与土建单位一致，在土建单位搭设的临时设施内进行钢结构安装。

三、钢构件的制作

Fabrication of steel structural members

（一）、制作前的技术准备

Technical preparations prior fabrication

1、钢结构制作前必须熟悉设计的施工图，了解设计要求，并审核图纸，根据蓝图编制加工制作图，并在得到原设计部门的认可后方可进行备料加工。

Study and check the design working drawing before fabrication, make shop drawing and get approval from designer then prepare material for fabrication.

2、根据构件类型、数量、用材制定加工计划和加工程序。

Make a plan and program for fabrication as per the type, quantity and material of the structural members.

3、编制施工工艺和技术措施，以及对加工用的设备制定检查维护计划，使机械设备处于良好状态。Write construction techniques and technical measures, and the equipment regular examine and maintain plan, keep the machinery in good condition.

（二）、主材采购计划

Material requirements:

1、对工程用的材料应进行选定和确认。

Select and confirm the material for the project.

2、各种材料均应有质量证明书和出厂合格证。若有疑议则应按国家有关标准的规定进行抽样检验，经检验合格后方可批量使用。

All kinds of material should be with quality guarantee and ex-factory certificate. If there is any doubt, sampling examination should be taken according to relevant national standard, only when passed the examination material in batches can be used.

3、钢材表面锈蚀等级应符合现行国家标准《涂装前表面锈蚀等级和除锈等级》规定。

Rust degree of steel surface should conform to the present national standard .

4、连接材料(焊条、焊丝、焊剂)、高强度螺栓等，以及涂料(底漆和面漆等)均应具有出厂质量合格证书，并应符合设计的要求和国家现行有关标准的规定.

Jointing material (welding rod, solder, flux), high strength bolt, and coating( under coat and top coating) should be with ex-factory quality certificate and conform to the design and national standard.

5、严禁使用药皮脱落或焊芯生锈的焊条、受潮结块或已熔烧过的焊剂以及锈蚀、碰伤或混批的高强度螺栓。

If the skin of welding rod is peeled off or the core is rust, welding flux is wetting and agglomerating or melting, the high strength bolt is rust/damaged or taken from different batches, these materials are strictly prohibited.

6、防腐油漆应符合设计要求和有关标准的规定，并应有产品质量合格证书及使用说明。

Anti-corrosion paint should conform to the design and relevant standard, and with quality certificate and operation instruction.

（三）设备及工具等准备

Equipment and tool preparation

1、对加工制作使用的设备应事先检查，进行必要的维护。

Check and maintain the fabricating equipment in advance.

2、对加工制作使用的工具和计量工具应具有相当的精度，并定期送计量检测部门进行检测标定。The fabricating tools and measuring instrument should be with certain accuracy, and be examined and marked by the measurement testing department regularly.

3、焊工必须具有上岗证，且应做符合其证书规定范围的工作。凡停焊时间超过半年以上时，应重新考试合格才可上岗操作。

Welder should bearing the qualification certificate, and do the work within the scope stipulated in certificate. If the welding work stopped more than 6 months, the welder should be re-examined and passed the examination.

（四）、钢结构制作工艺要点Key points of steel structural member fabrication

四、钢结构安装方法

Steel structure installation method

(一)、安装前准备工作

Preparations prior to installation

根据钢结构安装工程要求，在钢结构安装前，必须对安装现场进行了解、场地已清理，吊装道路应通畅坚实，施工电源已明确，并做好如下工作：

As per the requirement of steel structure installation, before installation work started, it is need to check and clear the site, insure the access for hoisting is smooth and firm, and construction power is ready, the following works are also need to do simultaneously:

1、对各组预埋螺栓进行了水平高度、轴线偏移等进行测量，并与土建施工单位做好书面交接记录。Survey the horizontal level and axial deviation of the all groups of embedded bolts, make records for the handing over with the civil work team in writing.

2、由于本工程构件量多面广，对钢构件应编号和确认，避免用错位置。

The since the quantity of structural members is large and has a great variety, it must be numbered and confirmed to avoid mis-placed.

3、会同业主或现场监理进行安装前的相关检查和验收。

Make necessary inspection and acceptance jointly with the employer and supervisor before installation.

（二）、钢构件运输及堆放

Transportation and storage of structural members

1、根据钢构件几何尺寸、单重合理配备运输车辆，运输中需做好必要的软垫绑扎。

Transport structural members by appropriate vehicle as per the geometric dimension and unit weight, make necessary soft mat and binding during transportation.

2、钢构件在装卸、运输过程中，必须轻拿轻放。必要时垫起，防止损伤漆膜。

While loading/unloading and moving the structural members, it must be handled gently. Insert spacer while necessary to avoid damage the painting.

3、运输堆放应有专人负责指挥和管理

Someone must be put in charge of transportation and storage.

（三）、结构吊装方法

Structure hosting and installation method

1、钢结构安装思路

Consideration about installation of steel structure

本工程钢结构为带有桁车梁的标准门式钢架，单榀刚架平面外刚度小，进货顺序从1轴线开始，先安装1~2轴线的刚架，同时安装柱间支撑、屋面支撑并校正形成稳定的空间体系后，再向29轴线推进，钢柱采用单机旋转法吊装，钢梁地面拼装后采用双机抬吊法。桁架式托梁采用地面螺栓拼接，双机抬吊法。吊车梁高度距屋面檩条距离有3.5米，满足最小起吊高度，可在屋面结构安装完成后或穿插结构吊装过程中进行。

The type the structure in this project is a standard portal-framed structure with moving crane beam, external rigidity of a single frame is small, the sequence of mobilization of structure is start from grid line 1, first

install steel frame at grid line 1~2, bracing to column and roof installed and adjusted simultaneously to form a stable space system, then moved to grid line 29. Steel column to be hoisted and installed through Singe-Crane-Rotating-method, the steel beam to be hoisted through Two-Crane-Lifting-method after assembled on the ground. Truss trimmer to be assembled with bolts on the ground and hoisted through Two-Crane-Lifting-method. Space between crane beam and roof purlin is 3.5m, it is enough for minimum hosting space, and can be done after the structure installed or alternated in. 2、钢柱的吊装与校正

Hoisting and installation and adjustment of steel column （1）钢柱采用旋转法吊装，吊装示意图如下：

Steel column to be hoisted through Rotating Method, diagrammatic drawing as follows:

(a) plan layout (b) rotating process 1-column lain down 2-hoisting

Rotating Method Hoisting Diagrammatic Drawing

(2)吊装应有专人指挥，吊装前进行安全、质量、技术的详细交底。

Someone must be in charge of hoisting and installation, safety, quality and technology to be talked over in details before hoisting.

(3)为提高吊装效率，在堆放柱时，尽量使柱的绑扎点、柱脚中心与基础中心三点共圆弧。

For the efficient hosting, while piling the columns, put the binding point/column footing center/base center at a same arc.

(4) 起吊时吊机将绑扎好的柱子缓缓吊起离地20cm 后暂停，检查吊索牢固和吊车稳定，同时打开回转刹车，然后将钢柱下放到离安装面40~100 mm ，对准基准线，指挥吊车下降，把柱子插入锚固螺

栓临时固定，并在两个方向采用临时拉结稳定柱子的结构。

While the column is being hoisted slowly 20cm above the floor, stop hoisting for a while to check the sling and crane, open the swing brake, then put the column down at 40~100 mm to the installation plane, align to the datum line, direct the crane descend, insert the column to the anchor bolt and fixed temporarily, tie the column at two direction to stable the column structure.

(5)钢柱经初校正后，待垂直度偏差控制在20mm 以内方可使起重机脱钩，钢柱的垂直度用经纬仪检验，如有偏差立即进行校正，在校正过程中随时观察底部和标高控制块扎之间是否脱空，以防校正过程中造成水平标高误差。

After initial adjustment of the column, only when the vertical deviation controlled within 20mm then can remove the hook of crane, check the verticality with theodlite, any deviation to be adjusted immediately, while adjustment is being done, observe the bottom and level control block to avoid horizontal level deviation.

(6) 柱子的垂直校正，测量用两台经纬仪安置在纵横轴线上，先对准柱底垂直翼缘板或中线，再渐渐仰视到柱顶，如中线偏离视线，表示柱子不垂直，可指挥调节拉绳或支撑，可用撬动等方法使柱子垂直。在实际工作中，常把成排的柱子都竖起来，然后进行校正。这时可把两台经纬仪分别安置在纵横轴线一侧，偏离中线一般不得大于3m。在吊装屋架时或安装竖向构件时，还须对钢柱进行复核校正。

Vertical adjustment of the column, fix two theodlites to the longitudinal and transverse axis, first aim at the column bottom wing or center line then move upward to the column top, if the center line drifted off the line of sight, to adjust the tie rope or support, make the column to be vertical through prying. Usually to erect a row of columns first then to do adjustment. At that time, two theodlites can be placed at one side of longitudinal and transverse axis, deviation to the centerline not more than 3m. while hoisting roof truss or installing vertical members, the steel column must be re-check and adjusted.

2、钢梁的吊装

Hoisting and installation of steel beam

(1) 1）吊装思路：钢架整体跨度约135米，钢梁共分9节制作及运输，最大截面钢梁节重量为2.5吨，采用分节安装的方法。本工程钢柱、钢梁、平台梁及檩条的安装均采用分件吊装法：一是对钢柱依次进行吊装；二是对柱间支撑进行吊装；三是对屋面梁、水平支撑、联系梁依次进行吊装。

2）吊装顺序：

①第一步

吊装5-8轴线钢梁，并安装到位。

④第四步

将剩余的钢梁在地面拼装，然后吊装到位。并用缆风绳稳固。

3）吊装机械的选择

根据上面钢梁柱的吊装方案，确认该工程最大吊装重量为钢梁的吊装，根据钢架的截面特征，最大重量约5吨。

钢梁采用四点起板法吊装，四点均用钢丝绳抱屋架梁用卸扣锁住，并用切口钢管包扎。

16吨汽车吊机额定性能表

回转

半径（m）

主臂长度（m）主臂+付臂9.9 12.58 14.97 17.35 19.73 22.12 24.5 24.5+7.5

3 16 ——————————————

3.5 13.76 12.72 ————————————

4 11.68 11.68 10.08 ——————————

4.5 10.2 10.2 9.36 8.4 ————————

5 9.28 9.04 9.04 7.7

6 ————————

5.5 8.36 8 8 7.28

6.48 ——————

6 7.44 7.2 7.2 6.8 6.08 5.6 ————

7 5.79 5.84 5.92 5.76 5.36 4.88 4.4 ——

8 4.79 4.85 4.93 4.98 4.7 4.3 4 ——

9 —— 4.13 4.21 4.2 4.3 3.8 3.5 ——

10 —— 1.35 3.43 3.48 3.52 3.4 3 1.9 12 ———— 2.65 2.62 2.66 2.69 2.72 1.4 14 —————— 1.99 2.03 2.06 2.08 1.2 16 ———————— 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.0 18 —————————— 1.05 1.05 0.95 20 ————————————0.80 0.65 22 ————————————0.65 0.50

24 ——————————————0.45

27 ——————————————0.4

最大作业半径：R=27m

额定起重量G=16T

支腿跨度：5.34M×5.1m

吊装载荷Q1

组装钢梁重：Q=5T

不均匀系数：K1=1.1

动载系数：K2=1.05

风载系数：K3=1.3

基本风压：W0=17.5Kg/m2

S：迎风面积

S钢梁=1.33×30.6=41m2

结构风载：W1= K3×W0×S钢梁

=1.3×17.5×41=932Kg=1T

计算载荷：Q计=Q K1 K2+W1

=5×1.1×1.05+1=6.775T

吊钩重：q1=0.4T

吊索具重：q2=0.2T

吊装载荷：Q1=Q计+q1+ q2

=6.775+0.4+0.2=7.375T

结论：考虑迎风荷载等钢梁最大起重量约7.375吨，回转半径考虑5米，主臂长度约15米左右，吊机起重量9吨＞7.375吨，故安全。

4）钢梁的临时支撑

钢梁安装后，在形成空间单元前易失稳，应采用临时拉结固定，常用拉结方式如图示：

拉结方法采用直径12的钢丝绳作为揽风绳，等主结构稳定后拆除。第一榀钢梁采用临时揽风固定，第二榀结构安装过程中与第一榀结构用檩条拉结，以保证稳定。

5)钢梁翻身就位后需要进行多次试吊并及时重新绑扎吊索，试吊时吊车起吊一定要缓慢上升，做到各吊点位置受力均匀并以钢梁不变形为最佳状态，达到要求后即进行吊升旋转到设计位置，再由人工在地面拉动预先扣在大梁上的控制绳，转动到位后，即可用板钳来定柱梁孔位，同时用高强螺栓固定。因该工程第一次起吊钢梁长度为46米左右，应设五道揽风绳拉结联系，在固定的同时，用线锤检查其垂直度。第二榀后的大梁则用屋面檀条及连系梁加以临时固定，

After the steel beam turned over and positioned, trial hoist must be done repeatedly and bond again , while trial hoist is being carried out it must be lifted slowly, the best state is that uniform force at each point and the beam will not deformed, then to hoist and rotate to the designed position, pull the controlling rope buckled on the beam in advance by hand on the ground, rotating to the position, fix the column and beam connecting hole with high strength bolt. Since the first hoisted beam length is 46m, 5 guy ropes should be tied, while fixing it, check the verticality with pendant. The second and the after beams to be fixed temporarily by the roof purlin and tie beam..

6)在吊装钢梁时还须对钢柱进行复核，此时一般采用葫芦拉钢丝绳缆索进行检查，待大梁安装完后方可松开缆索。对钢梁屋脊线也必须控制。使屋架与柱两端中心线等值偏差，这样各跨钢屋架均在同一中心线上。

Re-check the column while hoisting the beam, normally use the chain block and steel wire rope, the rope to be removed till the beam installed. The steel beam ridge line must be controlled. Make the deviation between the truss and the column ends center line be equal, so that all the roof truss to be at a same center line.

（四）高强螺栓连接

The connection of the high density bolt

（1）、材料

Material

1、螺栓、螺母、垫圈均应附有质量合格证明，并应符合设计要求和国家标准规定。

The bolt, nut and washers will be accompanied with the quality pass certificate of which is complied with the national standard and the specification.

2、螺栓、螺母、垫圈应保证配套，螺纹不得有损坏，保持清洁、干燥状态，并应按规格分类存放在仓库内。

The bolt, nut and washers should be in uniform. The thread should not be worn-out. It should be in clean and dry state and be kept in the storage according to the specification.

（2）、螺栓安装前准备工作

Preparation to the bolt before installation

1、检查各安装构件位置是否正确，是否符合《钢结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50205-2001）的精度要求。

Check each part of the installation is in right position and make sure that the installation is comply with the “Regulation for check and acceptance to the quality of steel structure work” code no. GB50205-2001

2、检查安装母材的螺栓孔的孔径及孔距尺寸，孔边的光滑度是否符合要求，如有毛刺应彻底清除。Check the main material with the hole is correct in diameter and the size. Make sure that the smooth is met the specified requirement. If there is thread on the main material, we immediately remove it.

3、熟悉安装施工图纸及施工计划，并准备好操作扳手设备及相关机具。

We shall familiar with the installation construction drawing and program schedule and make full preparation to the work spanner and the other related equipment.

4、准备好检测工具。

Preparation to the measuring tools

（3）、操作工艺

The workmanship

1、连接处钢板应平直，板边、孔边无毛刺，以保证摩擦面紧贴。接头处有翘曲或变形时必须进行校正，并不得损伤摩擦面。

The connection to the steel plate must be straight, the side and hole should contain no thorn to make sure the surface is closely attached. If there is the bending, we shall make necessary adjustment and avoid the damage to the fraction surface.

2、装配前应清除孔边污染的油污、油漆。

Before fixing, we shall clean dirty oil and paint on the hole side.

3、安装时，首先用临时螺栓拼装，个数不应少于接头螺栓总数的1/3。方法是先用钢穿杆对准孔位，在适当位置插入临时螺栓拧紧螺母，每一个节点至少放入两个临时螺栓。不允许使用高强螺栓兼做临时螺栓。一个安装段完成后，经检查确认合格后方可安装高强度螺栓。

Before installation, we shall use temporary bolt to fix in position, the number will be more than one third of the total number for the connected bolt. The method is pre adjust the steel hole and put the temporary bolt inside and then use the nut to screw it. There will be two temporary bolts in each point. Not allowed to use the high density bolt to be served as the temporary bolt. After one section is completed, then to check it and confirmed then to carry out the work with the high density bolt.

4、安装高强度螺栓，结构中心位置经调整检查无误后，即安装高强螺栓（本工程采用双螺母扣紧）。垫圈放置在螺母一侧，不得装反。如螺栓不能自由穿入螺孔时，要用铰刀修孔后再穿入，不得强行用力打入，以防螺纹损伤，修孔后清理毛刺。

While install the high density bolt, we shall make sure that the central position is check and no mistake and then procedure the work of the high density bolt (This project adopt the double nut screw tight). The washer will be put on one side of the nut and be sure not in opposite direction. If the bolt cannot be through the hole freely, we shall use the knife to adjust the hole and then procedure the work. It should not use the force to go through the hole so as to avoid the damage to the thread. Clean the thorn after adjusting the hole.

5、高强螺栓的紧固：一般分两次进行，第一次为初拧，紧固至螺栓设计预拉力的50%～60%，第二次为终拧，紧固至螺栓设计预拉力，偏差不大于±10%。预拉力按设计规范确定。施工中扳手扭矩公式Tc=k*Pc*d k=0.11~0.15 Pc(设计预拉力) d=螺栓直径

The tight for high density bolt: This work will be in two stage, the first stage is called preliminary tight, the tight force is about 50%-60% of the designed pre-pull force. The second stage is called the final tight. The tight force will reach the designed pull force. The deviation will be less than ±10%. The pre-pull force will

be determined according to the designed specification. During the work, the spanner force formula will be Tc=k*Pc*d k=0.11~0.15 Pc(designed pre-pull force) d=the diameter of the bolt.

6、检查扭矩扳手标定记录和螺栓的施工记录，当有疑议时应检查螺栓初拧记录。

Check the turn space spanner mark record and the bolt construction record. If there is any questioning, we shall check the preliminary tight record.

（4）、质量标准

Quality standard

1、高强螺栓的形式、规格和技术条件必须符合设计要求和有关标准规定，必须进行试验确定扭矩系数或复验螺栓预拉力，应检查合格证及试验报告。

The high density bolt’s type, specification and the technical condition should be comply with the designed specification and the related standard. We must carry out the test to determine the turn space coefficient and recheck bolt pre-pull force and check the quality pass certificate and the test report.

2、螺栓连接面的摩擦系数必须符合设计要求和有关标准规定，表面严禁有氧化铁皮、毛刺、焊疤、油漆和油污等。

The connection surface for the bolt in friction coefficient will be complied with the designed requirement and the related specification. On its surface, there should be no rust, thorn, welding remaining, dirty oil and paint, etc.

3、高强螺栓必须分二次拧紧，初拧、终拧质量必须符合施工规范和钢结构用高强螺栓的专门规定。The high density bolt must be tight in two stage, the quality of the preliminary and final tight should be complied with the construction regulation and the related specification.

4、高强螺栓穿入方向应一致，丝扣外露不少于2扣。

The high density bolt will be put through in the same direction and the thread rings should less than 2 rings.

5、摩擦面间隙应符合设计和钢结构验收规范要求。

The friction surface between shall complied with the designer and the regulation for steel structure check and acceptance requirement.

（5）、高强度螺栓施工注意事项

Items to be taken in consideration during the installation for high density bolt

1、质量方面注意事项

Quality control

（1）表面浮锈、油污、螺栓孔壁有毛刺、焊瘤等均应清理干净。

The surface with rust, dirty oil, thorn and welding remaining should be cleaned.

（2）接触摩擦面处理后要达到规定的抗滑移系数要求。使用的高强度螺栓应有配套螺母、垫圈，使用时按配套使用，不得互换。

After treating the friction surface should be reached the anti slide coefficient requirement. The use of the high density bolt and the nut, washers should be uniform and be used at the same time not allowed to exchange.

（3）处理好的构件摩擦面安装时不允许沾油污、泥土等杂物。

Treat the part’s friction surface. While installation, there will be no dirty oil and soil, etc

（4）安装时构件摩擦面应保持干燥，不应在雨中作业，

While installation the part, the friction surface should keep dry and avoid to work in rain.

（5）在安装前严格检查并校正连接钢板的变形。

Before installation, we shall check and recheck the connected steel plate and make necessary adjustment to the bending.

（6）安装时禁止捶击打入螺栓以防止螺栓丝扣受损。

While installation, we shall not use the hammer to hit the bolt to avoid the thorn of the bolt be damaged. （7）使用定期检测的扭矩扳手检验高强螺栓的初拧和终拧扭矩，保证扭矩的准确度，并做好记录。螺栓紧固应按正确的拧紧顺序操作。

We shall check and measure the spanner timely to the preliminary and the final tight of the high density bolt. We shall make sure the precise and do the necessary record. The tight work will be carried on in right procedure.

2、主要安全技术措施

Major safety technical measures

（1）使用活动扳手的扳口尺寸应与螺母尺寸相符，不应使用小扳手上加套管。高空上操作应使用死扳手，如用活扳手时，要用绳子拴牢，人要系好安全带。

To use the flexible spanner the size will fit the nut. While work high above the ground, we shall use the

fixed spanner. If we are using the flexible spanner, we shall be tied with safety belt.

（2）组装钢构件连接螺栓时，严禁用手插入连接面或探摸螺孔，取放垫铁板时，手指应放在垫铁板的两侧。

While assemble the steel part to connect the bolt, we shall avoid to use the hand in testing the screw hole. The hand will be on the side of the steel plate.

五、屋面板安装方法

The roof panel installation method

由于彩钢板安装是一项集细部设计，生产制作、运输及安装等一揽子工程，各分部分项工程的施工工艺与方法，是保证整个工程优质、安全、高速建成的关键。压型钢板的安装应在钢结构安装质量检验合格并办理结构验收手续后进行。

The installation of the color steel sheet composed of the detailed part design, production sequence, transport and installation, etc. Every part of the work and the method is the key link to the project’s completion, safety, and quality. The installation work will be carried out after the steel structure work has been completed with the formality of the check and accept certificate.

（一）、细部设计工作

Detailed part design work

细部设计是本工程制作、安装工程中最重要的环节，是将原设计的各节点等细化的设计工作，做到指导生产和施工的工艺过程。细部设计的主要内容为：

This part of the detailed design plays a key role to the installation. We shall magnify every connection point on the original drawing so as to instruct the work and workmanship procedure. The followings are the main content for the detailed design:

1、屋面板分布图

The roof coverage arrangement

2、节点大样图（包括天沟、彩钢板拼缝处理、封沿及泛水处理）

The connect point enlarge drawing (include the treatment to gutter, the joint, facial and flush)

财务专业术语中英文对照表

财务专业术语中英文对照表英文中文说明 Account Accounting system 会计系统 American Accounting Association 美国会计协会 American Institute of CPAs 美国注册会计师协会 Audit 审计 Balance sheet 资产负债表 Bookkeepking 簿记 Cash flow prospects 现金流量预测 Certificate in Internal Auditing 部审计证书 Certificate in Management Accounting 管理会计证书 Certificate Public Accountant注册会计师 Cost accounting 成本会计 External users 外部使用者 Financial accounting 财务会计 Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计准则委员会 Financial forecast 财务预测 Generally accepted accounting principles 公认会计原则 General-purpose information 通用目的信息 Government Accounting Office 政府会计办公室 Income statement 损益表 Institute of Internal Auditors 部审计师协会 Institute of Management Accountants 管理会计师协会 Integrity 整合性 Internal auditing 部审计 Internal control structure 部控制结构 Internal Revenue Service 国收入署 Internal users部使用者 Management accounting 管理会计 Return of investment 投资回报 Return on investment 投资报酬 Securities and Exchange Commission 证券交易委员会

仪表防爆及接地系统施工方案中英

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室外电缆沟施工方案(中英文)_secret

电缆沟开挖施工方案 Work Method of Cable Trench Excavation 编制：Compiled by: 审核：Reviewed by: 2009年10月21日 October 21, 2009

目录 Content 一. 概况OVERVIEW (3) 1.1 工程概况PROJECT OVERVIEW (3) 1.2 施工范围SCOPE OF WORK (3) 二．编制依据COMPILATION BASIS (4) 三．施工工艺流程CONSTRUCTION PROCESS: (4) 四. 前期准备PREPARATIONS (4) 4.1 技术准备TECHNICAL PREPARATION (4) 4.2 材料准备MATERIAL PREPARATION (5) 4.3 主要机具准备MAIN EQUIPMENTS PREPARATION (5) 4.4 作业环境准备OPERATING ENVIRONMENT PREPARATIONS (5) 五. 电缆沟施工 (5) 5.1 电缆沟测量、定位CABLE TRENCH MEASUREMENT AND POSITIONING (5) 5.2 电缆沟开挖CABLE TRENCH EXCA V ATION (6) 六. 质量控制QUALITY CONTROL (7) 6.1 电缆沟外形尺寸允许偏差表ALLOWABLE DEVIATED EXTERNAL DIMENSIONS OF CABLE TRENCH TABLE (7) 6.2 应注意的质量问题QUALITY ISSUES (8) 七. 成品保护FINISHED PROTECTION (8) 八. 施工记录CONSTRUCTION OF RECORD (8) 九. 安全生产、文明施工要求和措施SAFETY AND CIVILIZED CONSTRUCTION REQUESTS AND MEASURES (8) 附厂区电缆沟图：ATTACHED: CABLE TRENCH DRAWING (8)

建筑专业名词中英文对照word文档

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设备吊装施工方案中英文

一. 概况Overview 1.1 工程概况Project Overview 工程名称：XXXX基础设施变电站安装工程 Project name: -Transformer Substation Installation 建设单位：XXXX Construction Unit: XXXX Co., Ltd. 总包单位：XXXX公司 Contractor Unit: XXXX Co., Ltd. 设计单位：XXXX公司 Design Units: XXXX Co., Ltd. 项目地点：XXXX Project Location: XXXXt 1.2 施工范围Scope of work 拜尔异氰酸和PET项目试验基础设施TSS项目位于上海漕泾的上海化学工业园区内。Bayer Isocyanate and PET Project Train Infrastructure TSS project locate in Shanghai Caojing Chemical Industry Park. 本项目工程涉及四个变电站，分别是220KV/35KV A472变电站、35KV/10KV B301变电站、35KV/10KV C581变电站、10KV/0.69KV B551变电站及C593发电机站。工作内容为四个变电站和一个发电机站的电气设备吊装、就位，设备包括柴油发电机、变压器、中压柜、低压柜、控制屏、FA/PA/DCS/ESD盘等。其中：The project involves four substations, namely 220KV/35KV A472 substation, 35KV/10KV B301 substation, 35KV/10KV C581 substation, 10KV/0.69KV B551 substation and C593 diesel generator. Work scope is electrical lifting and placement of the equipment in four substations and one generator station, which are two sets of diesel generator, transformers, MV&LV cabinets, control panel, FA/PA/DCS/ESD plate, etc. Of which: 1）220/35KV变电站A472吊装的主要设备有：Main lifting equipment of 220/35KV substation in A472: 1台35KV线路纵差屏。One set of 35KV line differential panel. 2) 35/10KV变电站B301S吊装的主要设备有：Main lifting equipment of 35/10KV substation in B301S: 7台10KV空气绝缘双母线柜；Seven sets of 10KV AIS duplicate busbar switchgears; 1台主变差动保护及有载调压控制屏; One set of main transformer differential protection & load tap changing control panel; 1台转接屏；One set of marshalling rack; 1台主变端子箱；One set of main transformer terminal box; 3) 35/10KV变电站B551和C581吊装的主要设备有：Main lifting equipment of 35/10KV substation in C581 and B551: 20台10KV空气绝缘双母线柜；Twenty sets of 10KV AIS duplicate busbar switchgears; 8台10千伏/0.7千伏3150KV A干式变压器; Eight sets of 10 KV / 0.7 KV 3150KVA dry-type transformers;

冶金专业名词中英文对照

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飞机专业术语(英汉对照)

1、the airframe 机身,结构 2、The front (fore) part 前部 3、The rear (aft) part 后部 4、port 左旋(舵) 5、starboard 右旋(舵) 6、the inboard engine or inboards 内侧发动机 7、the outboard engine or outboards 外侧发动机 8、the nose 机头 9、the belly 腹部 10、the skin 蒙皮 11、the windscreen or windshield 风挡 12、the wing 机翼 13、the trailing edge 机翼后缘 14、the leading edge 机翼前缘 15、the wing tip 翼尖 16、the control surface 操纵面 17、ailerons 副翼 18、flaps (inboard flap,outboard flap,leading edge flaps) 襟翼（内侧襟翼，外侧襟翼，前缘缝翼） 19、spoilers (inboard\outboard spoiler)(spoiler down\up) 阻力板，扰流板（内、外侧扰流板）（扰流板放下、打开） 20、slats 缝翼 21、elevators (elevator control tab) 升降舵（升降舵操纵片） 22、rudder (rudder control tab) 方向舵（方向舵操纵片）

23、flap angle 襟翼角 24、flap setting 襟翼调整 25、the full flap position 全襟翼位置 26、a flapless landing 无襟翼着陆 27、the landing gear 起落架 28、stabilizer 安定面 29、the nose wheel 前轮 30、gear locked 起落架锁定 31、the wheel well 起落架舱 32、the wheel door 起落架舱门 33、a tyre 轮胎 34、to burst 爆破 35、a deflated tyre 放了气的轮胎 36、a flat tyre 走了气的轮胎 37、a puncture 轮胎被扎破 38、to extend the flaps (to retract the flaps) 放下襟翼（收上襟翼） 39、gear extention (gear retraction) 起落架放下（起落架收上） 40、The gear is jammed. 起落架被卡死。 41、The flaps are jammed. 襟翼被卡死。 42、the emergency extention system 应急放下系统 43、to crank the gear down 摆动放下起落架 44、the brakes 刹车

各种专业名称英语词汇中英文对照表

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施工组织设计中英文对照

办公楼工程施工组织设计 NEW OFFICE BUILDING PROJECT Organizational Arrangement For Construction 目录Contents一、编制说明............................................... 2 Explanation to the Compilation 二、工程概况.. (6) Project Profile三、施工准备 (9) Preparations for the Commencement四、项目组织管理机构............... 14 The Project Administration Organization五、土建部分主要施工方法The Main Construction Method for the Civil Work ............................................................................................... (21) 六、装饰装修工程主要施工方法The Main Construction Method for (45) Finishing Work七、安装部分主要施工方法................ 52 Main working plan for installation八、季节性施工措施..................................... 64 Working plan for seasonality九、质量保证措施.................................... 67 Quality guarantee measurement十、工期保证措施.......................... 72 The steps for time limitation guarantee十一、安全生产措施.............................

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等效性原理的卫星试验satellite test of the equivalence principle,STEP 低轨道low earth orbit 低轨道运载火箭low earth orbit launch vehicle 地面模拟飞行试验ground simulated flight test 地球辐射带radiation belts of earth 地球观测系统Earth Observing System,EOS 地球同步轨道geosynchronous orbit 地球信息系统Earth Observation System Data and Information System,EOSDIS 地球资源卫星earth resources satellite 地外文明extraterrestrial civilization 电磁相容性试验electromagnetic compatibility test 电弧加热设备arc heater 电火箭发动机electric rocket engine 动力学环境试验dynamics environment test 对地观测技术earth observation technique 多级入轨火箭multi-stage to-orbit rocket 俄罗斯航天测控网Russian spacecraft tracking, telemetering and control network 俄罗斯全球导航卫星系统Russian global navigation satellite system,GLONASS

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3.文件和数据库。公司数据库是信息资源管理的原始材料。在某些情况下，这些文件和数据库可以说是公司的命根子。例如，有多少公司能经受得起丢失他们的收帐文件呢?大多数机构都具有后备措施，这些后备措施可以保证，如果正在工作的公司数据库被破坏，则能重新激活该数据库，使其继续工作。某些文件具有一定的价值并能出售。例如，政治运动的损助者名单被认为是有价值的，所以它可能被偷走，而且以后还能被出售。 4.数据通信。只要存在数据通信网络，就会对信息系统的安全性造成威胁。有知识的罪犯可能从远处接通系统，并为个人的利益使用该系统。偷用一个精心设计的系统不是件容易的事，但存在这种可能性。目前已发现许多罪犯利用数据通信设备的系统去作案。 5.人员。用户和信息服务管理人员同样要更加注意那些租用灵敏的信息系统工作的人。某个非常无能的人也能像一个本来不诚实的人一样破坏系统。 □信息系统的安全性信息系统的安全性可分为物质安全和逻辑安全。物质安全指的是硬件、设施、磁带、以及其它能够被利用、被盗窃或者可能被破坏的东西的安全。逻辑安全是嵌入在软件内部的。一旦有人使用系统，该软件只允许对系统进行特许存取和特许处理。物质安全是通过门上加锁、采用防火保险箱、出入标记、警报系统以及其它的普通安全设备就能达到的。而作为联机系统的逻辑安全主要靠“口令”和核准代码来实现的。终端用户可以使用全局口令，该口令允许利用几个信息系统及其相应的数据库；终端用户也可使用只利用一个子系统或部分数据库的口令。 □安全分析过程大多数公司的办公人员询问关于信息和计算中心的安全时，往往问“一切都行了吗?”其实他们应该问“对于信息和计算中心的安全，我们应该做什么?”。用户管理人员应该与信息服务管理人员定期地共同研究，进行安全分析，这种安全分析为各方都愿意接受。简言之，这种安全分析意指决定要多大的一把“挂锁”。遗憾的是，某些公 1

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Slope：斜率 Slope-interceptequationofaline：直线的斜截式Smoothcurve：平滑曲线Smoothsurface：平滑曲面Solidofrevolution：旋转体 Space：空间 Speed：速率 Sphericalcoordinates：球面坐标SqueezeTheorem：夹挤定理Stepfunction：阶梯函数Strictlydecreasing：严格递减 Sum R:? Right-handlimit：右极限 Root：根 P、Q:? Parabola：抛物线 Paraboliccylinder：抛物柱面 Paraboloid：抛物面 Parallelepiped：平行六面体 Parallellines：并行线 Parameter：参数