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英语B 复习题

英语B 复习题
英语B 复习题

一、填空:

1、纺织纤维按其来源分为天然纤维和化学纤维两大类,在天然纤维中

包括植物(纤维素)、动物(蛋白质)纤维和矿物。

2、在天然纤维中,光泽最亮的是蚕丝纤维,挺括不易起皱的是羊毛夏

季干爽不贴身的是麻。户外最不耐光的是蚕丝,吸湿性最好的是羊毛,面料悬垂性最差的是麻。

3、在梭织物平纹、斜纹、缎纹三种组织中,适合做裤子的组织是斜纹,

适合做春夏

男衬衫的组织是平纹,适合做晚礼服的组织是缎纹。

4、梭织物平纹、斜纹、缎纹三种组织中,在相同纱织、密度条件下,最光亮的

组织是缎纹、最结实耐磨的组织是斜纹、最易起毛球的组织是

缎纹组织。

5、纬编针织物的常见品种由汗布、罗纹布、涤盖棉、棉毛巾等。

6、卡其采用斜纹组织,横贡缎采用缎纹组织,双绉采用平纹

组织,派力采用平纹组织。

7、请写出三种新型服装材料天丝纤维、彩棉。

二、单项选择题

下面每小题列出的四个备选项中只有一个市符合题目要求的,请将其代码填写在题后的括号内。错选、多选或未选均无分。

1、如下面料中属于粗纺毛织物的品种为( C )

A. 啥为呢

B. 卡其

C. 华达呢

D. 法兰绒

2、面料吸湿性最好的是(B )

A.棉

B.毛料

C.涤纶

D.黏胶

3、如下纤维中吸湿性最好的是(C )

A 棉 B. 涤纶 C. 羊毛 D.黏胶

4、如下纤维面料中采用熨烫温度最低的是( A )

A. 涤纶

B.羊毛

C.蚕丝

D.麻

5、.多孔纤维、起绒及羽绒制品等保暖性好的主要原因是( D )

A.织物含水分多B纤维的热传导性好C.织物较轻D.制品含静止空气较

6、下列织物具有较好保形性的织物是( C )

A.棉织物

B.麻织物

C.涤纶织物

D.黏胶织物

7、先将部分纤维或纱线染色,再将原色(或浅色)与染色(或深色)纤维

或将纱条按一定比例混纺或混并制成纱线,所织成的织物称( B )

A.混纺织物

B.色织织物

C.交织织物

D.匹染织物

8、下列材料属于非织造织物的是( B )

A.羊毛衫

B.无纺衬

C.礼服呢

D.缝纫线

9、天然皮革中手感柔滑,延仲性和弹性较好,但强度稍差的是( C )

A.猪皮

B.牛皮

C.绵羊皮

D.山羊皮

10、能使服装穿脱方便、并且保暖、耐穿的服装辅料是( C )

A.垫料

B.衬料

C.里料

D.絮料

第3 页

三、名词解释

1.再生纤维

答:再生纤维为一类常见的纺织服装用纤维。

以木材、芦苇、甘蔗渣等天然高聚物为原料,提炼、溶解、纺丝而成。

纤维柔软、光亮、吸湿、易染色、。

如:黏胶、天丝等。

2、羊毛

答:羊毛独特的性能之一

羊毛在加热、加湿和揉搓等,由于鳞片的存在,是纤维相互穿插纠缠、咬合,使织物毡缩而缩短,厚度增加,更加紧密,无法回复特性。

2.泡泡纱

答:泡泡纱是棉型织物中常见的品种之一。

泡泡纱表面是高低不平的小泡泡状。

面料不贴身,凉爽透气舒适,且外观活泼、随意。

多用于夏季衬衫、裙子、睡衣睡裤及装饰用品等。

3.合成纤维

答:合成纤维为常用的纺织纤维。

它以煤、石油、天然气中提炼出的小分子物质为原料,经聚合而成高分子物质,然后纺丝加工而成

如:常见纤维有,涤纶、锦纶、腈纶、氨纶等。

4.机织面料

答; 机织物是由相互垂直的经纬两个系统的纱线交织而成:

机织物挺括、耐用、防风,保形性好;

多用于外衣、裤子及较正式的服装。

第4 页

四、简答题

1.请区分分软缎与绉缎,女衣呢与女士呢。

软缎与绉缎:

相同:均为丝绸缎类产品中常见产品,具有光滑、光亮、华丽、装饰

性强等特点。

不同:软缎的经纬纱弱捻或无捻,手感柔软,颜色单一,原料上多以

人丝或交织绸为多。档次没有绉缎高。

周段的经纱若捻,纬纱强捻,形成一面光亮,一面起皱的双重效应织物,用于衬衫,

连衣裙等,比软缎悬垂,有弹性,多为真丝产品,华丽高贵。

女衣呢与女士呢:

相同:女衣呢与女士呢市毛织物中专用于女装的一类织物,大多数为素色。

不同:女衣呢为精纺产品,以优质细羊毛为原料。手感滑糯,面料较轻薄,多用于春秋套装,套裙。

女式呢为粗纺产品,用毛品质较厚重,多用于秋冬人衣、外套

2.炎热的夏季穿真丝面料服装必须勤洗勤换,请解释原因。

季人体大量出汗,真丝面料吸湿性好,当真丝面料吸汗后,随着汗液的蒸发,汗液中盐浓度不断提高,而真丝怕盐真丝面料长期接触高浓度的盐分,手感发硬,

光泽变差,甚至强度降低,因此必须勤洗勤换。

3.棉织物在水洗时,毛织物在水,机械外力的作用下都会发生尺寸收缩,请解释两种情况

产生的主要原因。

棉织物水洗时,发生了缩水现象故尺寸缩短。这是因为棉纤维、纱线吸湿膨胀、纱线曲率增大而造成织物尺寸缩短;同时棉布织造,

整理过程中的应力遇水松弛而造成织物尺寸缩短

第5页

毛织物在水洗、机械外力作用时,发生了缩绒及缩水现象,故尺寸缩短。毛有的缩绒性是由于羊毛表面的鳞片作用,羊毛在热,湿和揉搓等机械外力及化学试剂作用下,

使纤维相互穿插纠缠,咬合,使织物毡缩而尺寸缩短,厚重增加,更加紧密,

无法回复的特性。

正式缩绒和缩水两重原因造成织物尺寸收缩。

4.裘皮毛被基本结构怎样?其漂亮的外观湿动物身上哪种体毛的作用?

裘皮毛被裘皮毛被结构包括针毛、绒毛、两型毛,

针毛构成针毛构成裘皮服装漂亮的外观。

5. 有三块规格尺寸相同的丝巾,一块湿黏胶丝,一块湿涤纶丝,另一块是真

丝,如何鉴别?(至少两种方法,其中一种不允许破坏)

方法一:燃烧法,从三块丝巾中各抽出一根纱线,用火烧观察现象。燃烧迅

速,有烧纸气味烧纸气味,灰烬少,灰白色灰烬的湿黏胶丝头巾;遇火收缩

卷曲,冒烟起泡,有烧毛发的臭味,灰烬呈黑色松脆小球,一捏即成细粉末

状的是真丝头巾。

方法二:褶皱法。三块丝巾褶皱后最挺的湿涤纶头巾,最皱的湿黏胶丝头

巾,居中者为真丝头巾。

方法三:洗涤法,将三块头巾洗涤,容易掉色的,易起皱的湿真丝头巾,

不掉色、

手感发硬、最易起皱的黏胶丝头巾;易洗、干得最快,不起皱的湿涤纶头

巾。

方法四:称重法,最重的湿黏胶丝头巾;轻的湿涤纶和真丝头巾,用熨斗

熨烫,能融化的湿涤纶头巾。

第5 页

五、回答问题:

请为秋冬季男夹克进行选材设计,说明该面料名称(品种名称),面料所用的纤维名称,你选择该面料的理由。(至少选出两种面料,分别阐述理由)

答:秋冬季正式男夹克的要求:厚实、保暖、防风、结实耐磨,风格随意、活泼、休闲,织物耐洗,并要求一定的吸湿性。

为此,面料可选择:平布、府绸、牛津纺、细纺均可。

卡其:纯棉、斜纹纹。

牛仔:纯棉或涤/棉、斜纹、

灯芯绒:纯棉。

解释理由:

答:秋冬季保暖型男夹克的要求:随意、厚实、保暖,防风、耐用、风格活泼、并具有一定吸湿性。。

花呢:纯麻或毛/涤或棉、平纹。

粗花呢:毛/晴、平纹。

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