分词练习题
分词练习题
1.Mrs Holms sat silent for quite some time,____in thought.
A.dropped
B.lost
C.closed
D. filled
2.Hearing the sad news ,___ .
A.tears came into his eyes
B. his eyes were filled with tears
C . his face turned pale D. he couldn’t help crying out
3.___ in the left leg ,he couldn’t walk forward and fell down.
A.Being shot at
B. Shotting
C. Shot
D. After having shot
4.His teacher felt _____at his work.
A.disappointed
B. disappointing
C. disappoint
D.to
disappoint
5.The Republic of Ireland is a country with its capital____ Dublin.
A.calls
B. called
C. calling
D. call
6.The story book ___for children is very popular with Sam.
A.intended
B. intends
C. intending
D. to be intended
8.____ by the fire,the building looks so ugly.
A.Being destroyed
B. Having destroyed
B.Having been destroyed D. It has been destroyed
10. ____ by an Indian boy,they traveled through the forest.
A. They were guided
B. Guided
C.Being guided
D. Dressing
11. If ____ by a snake in the leg,you should stay still.
A. bite
B. bit
C.bitten
D. to bite
12. ___ in school’s clothes ,he headed for school.
A. Having dressed
B. Having been dressed
C. Being dressed
D. Dressing
13. Entering the room,I found three guns ____ to wall with pieces of wire.
A. fasten
B. fastened
C.fastening
D.are fastened
14. They quarreled loudly with the noise ___across the building.
A. hearing
B. was heard
C. heard
D. to be heard
15. The man managed to make himself ___with his ___French.
A. understood ;breaking
B. understand;broken（差劲的，蹩脚的）
C. understand;breaking
D. understood;broken
16. ____from the moon,our earth,with water____seven percent of its surface,appear as a“blue ball.
A. Seen, covered
B. Seeing ,covering
C. Seen,covering
D. To see,to cover
17. After seeing the movie,_______.
A. The book was read by him
B. the book made him want to read it
C. he wanted to read thebook
D. the reading of the book interested him
18. The next morning she found the man ____in bed, dead.
A. lying
B. lie
C. lay
D. laying
19. Most of the people _____ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited
B. to invited
C. being invited
D. inviting
20. ____ a reply ,he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving
B. Not having received
C. Having not received
D. Receiving not
21. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light.
A. followed
B. following
C. to be followed
D. being followed
22. _____more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given
B. To give
C. Giving
D. Having given
23. ____,I went to the railway station to see my friend off.
A .After eating quickly my dinner B. After my quickly eating dinner
C. After eating my dinner quickly
D. After eating my quickly dinner
24. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___behind his back.
A. being tied
B. having tied
C. to be tied
D. tied
25. _____anything about the accident, he went to work as usual.
A. Not know
B. Know not C .Knowing not D. Not knowing
26. Emily is a _____ boy.
A. well-feed
B. well-fed
C. well-feeding
D. well fed
27. I almost forget to have the TV set _____up.
A. to cover
B. cover
C. covering
D. covered
28. The sick woman needs ___.
A. looking after
B. to be looking after
C.to look after
D. being looked after
29. – Oh, dear, I smell something ____.
A. burn
B. buning
C. burn
D. is burning
30. The salesman scolded the girl caught ____and let her off.
A.to have stolen
B.to be stealing
C. to steal
D. stealing
31. What do you think made Mary so upset？___her new bike.
A. As she lost
B. Lost
C.Losing
D.Because of losing
32 . European football is played in 80 countries,___it the most popular sport in the world.
A.making
B. makes
C. made
D. to make
33. ____ with the past ,our life is much better.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b18326197.html,paring
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b18326197.html,pared
C. Being compared
D.Having compared
34. The important news was heard ____ twice on the radio.
A. to broadcast
B. broadcast
C. broadcasting
D.having broadcasted
35. The tower ____in 1930 was destroyed by the earthquake.
A. built
B. to be built
C. being built
D. having been built
36. The model teacher swept off the ____snow on the path today.
A. falling
B.fell
C. felt
D.fallen
37.Don’t go there .The library is now _____.
A. close
B. closing
C. closed D to close
38. The visitors looked ____when they found old Japanese buildings there.
A. surprising
B. to surprise
C. surprised
D. surprisingly
39. Professor Smith set out to do his new experiment,___ courage.
A. filled with
B. filling with
C. fill with
D. full with
40. Both his legs______,he lay half dead.
A. breaking
B. to be broken
C. broken
D.being broken
41. My grandmother had her watch ____ the day before yesterday.
A. steal
B. stolen
C. stole
D. to steal
42.Write two sentences ____each of the verbs ___above.
A. using;giving
B. using;given
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b18326197.html,ed;giving
D. used;given
43.I want this work ___quickly.
A. to finish
B. be finished
C. finished
D. being finisned
44. They tried to get us ___ in this idea.
A. interest
B. to interest
C. interested
D. interesting
45. I’m thirsty ,let’s drink some ___.
A.boiling water
B.boiled water
C. water being boiled
D. water
to be boiled
46. The ___were taken to hospital after the traffic accident.
A. wounded
B. wound
C. wounding
D. wound people
47. The days are ____when the mountain villages were short of electricity.
A. gone(已过的)
B. going
C. come
D. coming
48. There’s a lot of work ____.
A. done
B. did
C. doing
D.to be done
49.What’s the language ___ in Germany?
A. speaking
B. spoken
C. speaking to
D. spoken to
50. The street was ___with people this morning.
A. crowded
B. crowding
C. to be crowded
D. to crowd
现在分词和过去分词的用法及实例分析
现在分词和过去分词的用法及实例分析 现在分词和过去分词主要差别在于：现在分词表示“主动和进行”，过去分词表示“被动和完成”(不及物动词的过去分词不表示被动，只表示完成)。分词可以有自己的状语、宾语或逻辑主语等。 1)分词作状语分词在句子中作状语，可以表示时间、条件、原因、结果、让步、伴随等。分词做状语时，它的逻辑主语与句子的主语一致。作状语的分词相当于一个状语从句。 【例如】 Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Using what you know of word stems and word formations, you can make a guess at the meaning of a new word. The students went out of the classroom, laughing and talking. Accompanied by his friend, he went to the railway station.Given better attention, the plants could grow better. He looked tired and depressed, visibly disturbed by the news of his mother's illness. 分词在句子中作状语，使用何种分词，要取决于分词与句子主语的关系：主谓关系用现在分词，动宾或被动关系用过去分词。 【例如】 Not having enough hands, we turned to them for help. (We don't have enough hands). Taught by mistakes and setbacks, we have become wiser and handled our affairs better. (we are taught/teach us) .Inspired by the International, the working people of all countries have been fighting for their final liberation. (the working people were inspired/ inspire the working people)____the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge. (CET-4 1996,6) A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed 本句意思为：相信地球是平的，许多人担心哥伦布会从边上掉下去。许多人与相信之间是主谓关系，及分词与主语之间为主谓关系。因此，应用现在分词，答案为B. No matter how frequently ____, the works of Beethoven always attract large audiences. (CET-4 1995,6) A) performing B) performed C) to be performed D) being performed 本句中贝多芬的作品被反复表演，可见分词与句子的主语之间是被动关系，应该用过去分词，故答案为B.
高考英语语法必考知识点：分词专项练习
高考英语语法必考知识点：分词专项练习 1、More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A.taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken 2、I can't bear ____ by this kind of man. https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2b18326197.html,ughing B. laughing at C. being laughed D. being laughed at 3、It is reported that Premier Wen Jiabao visited the Red Square ____ by Russian President Putin. A.accompanying B. accompanied C. attended D. attending 4、As is known to all, Indonesia is an Asian country _____ a lot of islands. A. is consisted of B. consists of C. consisted of D.consisting of 5、The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the A. 20 dollars remained B. 20 dollars remain C. remained 20 dollars D. remaining 20 dollars 6、They really had a great time too, designing everything, drawing the blueprints, ____ the angles and so on. A.looking out B. taking out C. finding out D. figuring out 7、The judge declared that the criminal would be ____ the very day.
现在分词和过去分词的区别
现在分词和过去分词主要的区别表现在语态和时间关系上。 1)语态上不同：现在分词表示主动的意思，而过去分词多由及物动词变来，表示被动的意思。试比较： surprising 使人感到惊讶的(主动) surprised 自己感到惊讶的(被动，即被惊讶的) an exciting story 一个令人兴奋的故事(主动) excited spectators 激动的观众(被动，即被引起激动的) a moving film 一部感动人的影片。 A moved audience 受感动的观众 A tiring journey 累人的旅行 A tired football player 累了的足球运动员 He told us many interesting things last night.他昨夜告诉我们许多有趣的事情。 She is interested in astronomy. 她对天文学有兴趣。 也有一些过去分词是由不及物动词变来的，它们只表示一个动作已完成，没有被动的意味。如：the risen sun 升起的太阳 fallen leaves 落叶 the exploded bomb 已爆炸了的炸弹 a retired miner 退休矿工 returned students 归国留学生 2)时间关系上不同：一般说来，现在分词所表示的动作往往正在进行，而过去分词所表示的动作，往往已经完成。试比较： the changing world 正在变化着的世界 the changed world 已经起了变化的世界 boiling water 正在开的水 boiled water 已经煮开过的水(可能是凉开水) developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 分词和分词短语的用法 1) 作定语作定语用的分词如果是单词，一般放在它所修饰的名词之前。如： I’m reading a very interesting book.我在读一本很有趣的书。 He likes to drink cold boiled water. 他喜欢喝凉开水。 分词短语作定语用时，一般皆放在它所修饰的名词的后面。它的功用相当于定语从句。如：China is a developing socialist country belonging to the Third world.中国是一个发展中的社会主义国家，属于第三世界。 (= which belongs to the Third World) The man sitting in the corner is my brother.坐在角落里的那个人是我的兄弟。(= who is sitting in the comer) Most of the people invited to the party did not come.被邀请参加晚会的人多数没有来。(= who were invited to the party.) 2)作表语 The opera is very moving and instructive. 这个歌剧很动人，且有教育意义。 The cups are broken. 这些杯子是破的。 He is married.他已经结婚了。 [注] 分词作表语用时，相当于形容词，不可与进行时态和被动语态中的分词混淆起来。它们的
come和go后接现在分词的用法归纳与对比
come和go后接现在分词的用法归纳与对比 一、表示日常生活或娱乐 come 和 go 后接日常生活的某些活动或娱乐活动，表示来做某事或去做某事，此时两者用法基本相同，只是“方向”不同。 1. come doing 的用例 Come dancing. 来跳舞。 Would you like to come sailing? 你愿意来坐船游览吗? Come swimming with us tomorrow. 明天跟我们一起游泳吧。 Why don’t you come ice-skating with us tonight? 今晚来和我们一起溜冰好吗? 2. go doing 的用例 It’s dangerous to go skating on the lake.在湖上滑冰有危险。 I went swimming while the others played tennis. 我去游泳，其余的人都打网球去了。 Could you look after the kids while I go shopping? 我去买东西，你照管一下孩子，好吗? On Saturdays, when I was a child, we would all get up early and go fishing. 我小的时候,我们星期六都一早起床去钓鱼。 还可表示方式或伴随 go后接现在分词可以表示“去”的方式，或者是伴随“去”还有另一个动作同时在发生。如： She slipped and went hurtling downstairs. 她一失足咕噜噜跌下楼梯。 The car went skidding off the road into a ditch. 汽车打滑冲出公路跌进沟里。 说明：在这类用法中，go doing 远比 come doing 用得普通，表示去进行该活动，其用法与上面讲到的“come+现在分词”相似，只是方向不同，一个表示“来”做某事，一个表示“去”做某事。 同时 go doing 的搭配能力也比 come doing 强得多，通常能这样搭配的现在分词有 climbing, cycling, exploring, dancing, fishing, hiking徒步旅行, hunting, riding, roller-skating, sailing, shooting, skating, skiing, surfing, swimming, walking, dancing, shopping, fishing, water-skiing 等。 They are going skiing. 他们要去滑雪。 They are going sailing. 他们要去航行了。 I’ m going shopping this afternoon.今天下午我要去购物。， 二、表示“来”“去”的方式 come 和 go 后面可以跟表示运动的动词的现在分词，可以“来”“去”的方式，含有“……来”“……去”之意，但在具体翻译时应灵活处理。 1. come doing的用例 She came running into the room. 她跑进屋来。 Memories of his childhood came flooding back. 他童年的往事涌上心头。 2. go doing的用例 She went sobbing up the stairs. 她呜咽着上楼去了。 The car went skidding off the road into a ditch. 汽车打滑冲出公路跌进沟里。 三、“go+现在分词”的其他用法
高英语语法专项练习：过去分词
过去分词专项训练 Part1: Fill in the blanks 1. When_______(ask) why he was late, he went red.(脸红了) 2. Deeply ____ (move) by the story, she began to cry. 3. He walked out of the house，_______ （follow）by his pet dog ______(name )Snoopy. 4. When______ (travel), you should take care of your health. 5. Although________ (shock) at the nationwide milk crisis, many mothers still showed they would choose the brands of milk powder cautiously instead of saying “no” to it. party. 6. Even if______ (invite), I won’t attend the evening = Even if I______ (invite), I won’t attend the evening party. 7 _______(dress )in white, she looks really pretty. 8 ________(see) the picture, I couldn’t help thinking of his good old days. 9 Can you see the boy ___________ (question) by the police now? 10 The building ___________ (complete) at the end of this year will be our library. 3. At last the man managed to make himself ___ with his ____ French. A. understood; broken B. understand; break C. understanding; breaking D. understand; broken 4. _____ to be one of the greatest inventions of the 20th century, the computer is playing a more and more important role in social life. A. Considered B. Considering C. To consider D. Consider 5. Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices. A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying 6. Daring, Can’t you get _________ quickly, only fifteen minutes for the party! A. changing B. change C. to be changed D. changed 7. We must study as much as possible to meet the needs of a _________ world we face. A. ever-changed B. ever-change C. ever-changes D. ever-changing 8 The ________ story of the hero _______ everyone to tears. A. moving; moved B. moving; moving C. moved; moved D. moved; moving 9. After the storm there were quite a few ______ trees on the ground. Many people saw them ______ down when the storm came up. A. fallen; fall B. fallen; fallen C. fallen; to fall D. falling; fall 10. To our great grief, there were more than 10 million people _______ in the Wen Chuang earthquake. A. killing B. to be killed C. killed D. having been killed em big at all. 11 _____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean doesn’t se A Compare B When comparing C Comparing D When compared 12. If one third of a person’s blood _______, they may die. A. lost B is lost C. is losing D. loses tudents ____ outside to come in right away. 13. It’s time for the class meeting. Tell the s A. playing B. to play C. played D. who play 14. ____ drivers are a danger to the safety of the public. A. Drank B. Drunk C. Drinking D. Drink - 1 - / 3
英语分词的用法
英语分词的用法 英语中的分词有两种：现在分词和过去分词。及物动词的现在分词表示正在进行和主动意义，过去分词表示已经完成和被动意义。现将常用的英语分词的用法归纳如下: 1.作定语 分词可用来修饰名词或代词，并和所修饰的词在逻辑上有主谓关系。 (1)前置定语 单个分词作定语时，通常放在被修饰名词之前，作前置定语。例如： What exciting news it is! 这是多么令人振奋人心的消息! There were a lot of excited people at the concert．演奏会上，很多人兴奋不已。 (2)后置定语 a、少数单个分词(尤其是过去分词为多)作定语时，也可作后置定语。例如： Make sentences with the words given ．用所给的词造句。 The goods ordered will be delivered soon. The money left is far from enough. Many people are dubious about the announcement from the authorities concerned. b、单个分词作不定代词的定语时，要放在被修饰代词之后，作后置定语。例如： Is there anything unsolved ? 还有没解决的问题吗? There is something missing ． 有东西丢失了。 c、分词短语作定语时，要放在被修饰名词之后，作后置定语。这时的分词短语相当于一个定语从句。例如： Do you know the old woman sitting under the tree ?(=Do you know the old woman who is sitting under the tree ?) 你认识坐在树下的那个老太太吗? There comes a girl dressed in red ．(=There comes a girl who is dressed in red ．) 一个穿红衣服的女孩走过来了。 2.作表语 分词作表语，相当于形容词。现在分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的性质或特征，含有“令 人……的”意思。过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的情形或状态，含有“感到……的”意思。例如： The match was very disappointing ． 这场比赛令人失望。 They were very disappointed ． 他们都非常失望。 3.作补语 (1)作宾语补语 a、分词作宾语补足语，宾语和现在分词(主动意义)有逻辑上的主谓关系，宾语和过去分词 (被动意义)有逻辑上的动宾关系。 分词通常用在see，hear, watch，notice，feel，find等感官动词或have，get，make
高考英语专题之现在分词
现在分词 语法图解 探究发现 ①What did I learn about Chinese customs from my exciting exchange to China? ②What he did was amazing. ③Last time，when I visited China，we saw the tour guide wearing a very pretty fur coat on the day we left. ④Walking in the park，she met an old friend. ⑤Not knowing the phone number，we cannot get in touch with her. [我的发现] 以上五个句子中都含有一个现在分词，并且现在分词的作用各不相同：句①exciting作定语，句②amazing 作表语，句③wearing ...作宾语补足语，句④walking ...作时间状语，句⑤not knowing ...作原因状语。 现在分词由动词加-ing形式构成，是分词的一种，在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其他的一些成分，如定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语。 一、现在分词的形式 现在分词的时态和语态形式如下： 语态形式 主动形式被动形式 时态形式 一般式doing being done 完成时having done having been done 1 We walked along the river bank，talking and laughing. 我们沿河岸有说有笑地走着。 2．现在分词的完成式表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作。 Having been ill for two weeks，she felt rather weak. 由于病了两周，她感到身体十分虚弱。 3．现在分词的被动形式：现在分词的逻辑主语表示动作的承受者时用被动语态。 (1)现在分词一般式的被动式表示正在进行的被动动作。 This is one of the many dams being built along the river. 这是沿河修筑的许多水坝之一。 (2)现在分词完成式的被动式表示在谓语动作之前发生的被动动作。
英语语法 -ing分词的用法
英语语法-ing分词的用法 ing分词的用法 1、-ing分词的构成 -ing分词是由动词原形加词尾-ing构成。-ing分词同样有时态和语态的变化，通常有下表几种形式（以do为例）： 一般式完成式 主动形式doing 主动形式having done 被动形式being done 被动形式having been done -ing分词的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。如： Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. 不知道他的地址，我只好在家里等着。 His not coming made all of us angry. 他没来使我们大家都很生气。 2. -ing分词的一般式和完成式： -ing分词的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如： Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。 Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。 3. -ing分词的被动式： -ing分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间，-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如：The question being discussed is very important. 正在被讨论的问题很重要。 Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。 注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing分词常用主动形式来表示被动含义。如： Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. 你的鞋需要清洗一下了。 This book is well worth reading. 这本书很值得一看。 4. -ing分词的语法作用 -ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。 1)–ing分词（短语）作主语： Laying eggs is the ant queen's full-time job. 产卵是蚁后的专职工作。 Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。 在下面两种结构中，-ing分词也作主语。 ①为了保持句子平衡，通常用作形式主语，而把真实主语放在句末。如： It is no use crying over spilt milk. 作无益的后悔是没有用的。 It's a waste of time arguing about it. 辩论这事是浪费时间。 ②在There is no结构中，通常用-ing分词。如： There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
中文分词实验
中文分词实验 一、实验目的： 目的：了解并掌握基于匹配的分词方法，以及分词效果的评价方法。 实验要求： 1、从互联网上查找并构建不低于10万词的词典，构建词典的存储结构； 2、选择实现一种机械分词方法（双向最大匹配、双向最小匹配、正向减字最大匹配法等）。 3、在不低于1000个文本文件，每个文件大于1000字的文档中进行中文分词测试，记录并分析所选分词算法的准确率、分词速度。 预期效果： 1、平均准确率达到85%以上 二、实验方案： 1.实验平台 系统：win10 软件平台：spyder 语言：python 2.算法选择 选择正向减字最大匹配法，参照《搜索引擎-原理、技术与系统》教材第62页的描述，使用python语言在spyder软件环境下完成代码的编辑。 算法流程图：
Figure 错误！未指定顺序。. 正向减字最大匹配算法流程
Figure 错误！未指定顺序。. 切词算法流程算法伪代码描述：
3.实验步骤 1)在网上查找语料和词典文本文件； 2)思考并编写代码构建词典存储结构； 3)编写代码将语料分割为1500个文本文件，每个文件的字数大于1000字； 4)编写分词代码； 5)思考并编写代码将语料标注为可计算准确率的文本； 6)对测试集和分词结果集进行合并； 7)对分词结果进行统计，计算准确率，召回率及F值（正确率和召回率的 调和平均值）； 8)思考总结，分析结论。 4.实验实施 我进行了两轮实验，第一轮实验效果比较差，于是仔细思考了原因，进行了第二轮实验，修改参数，代码，重新分词以及计算准确率，效果一下子提升了很多。 实验过程：
现在分词和过去分词的用法区别
现在分词和过去分词的用法区别 （一）分词的作用 ·现在分词可用于： ·①构成进行时。e.g. We are studying English. ·②当副词作状语。e.g. The children came, singing and dancing. ·③当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。 ·e.g. Falling leaves danced in the air. ·I saw many birds flying along the river. ·The story is very moving. ·过去分词可用于： ·①构成完成时。 e.g. The play had begun when we arrived there. ·②构成被动语态。e.g. English is widely spoken in the world. ·③当副词作状语。e.g. Seen here, the city looks more beautiful. ·④当形容词作定语、宾补和表语。 ·e.g. a boy named Tom ·I saw the girl killed with my own eyes. ·I’m interested in English. （二）现在分词与过去分词的两大差别 1.在语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动。 2.在时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成。 （三）确定分词的使用的具体步骤 （1）根据句子结构确定分词的语法成分 （2）找准逻辑主语 （3）判断主、被动关系 （4）选定现在或过去分词 1. There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 2. The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 3. What’s the language ____ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 4. Most of the people ____ to the party were famous scientists. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting 5. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.
现在分词用法总结
现在分词 一、基础知识： 现在分词（也叫动名词）：表示主动和进行。 基本形式：doing 否定式：not doing 被动式：being done 完成式：having done 二、具体用法： 1.动名词作主语和宾语： （1）把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. （2）可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式： ①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦There is no telling…无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. （3）动名词作宾语分为两种情况：动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有： avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，常见的有： A: start, begin, intend, attempt, continue等后接doing和to do无区别。 B: like, love, prefer, hate等后接doing和to do略有区别，后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为，后接to do侧重具体的某一次行为。 eg: I like swimming in summer but today I like to see a film at home
2020全国高考英语 过去分词现在分词考点精析 精品
现在分词和过去分词的用法异同历来是学习中的难点和高考测试的重点。众所周知，两种分词的区别很多，但它们之间的根本区别是：过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在语态上侧重于被动；而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行，在语态上侧重于主动。这种根本的区别具体体现在两种分词分别充当的各种句子 成份中。细述如下： 分词有两种：现在分词 doing和过去分词 done。 分词动词具有动词的特征： 可以带宾语和状语构成短语。如：waiting there（动状关系）。 本专题必须掌握： ①动词分词的基本形式――时态和语态的变化，比如一般式、完成式、被动式等。 ②它们在句中的功能――充当什么成分，特别是在某些特定结构中应用哪一种动词分词。 动词分词的时态与语态 分词的时态与语态形式 (l)现在分词有一般式与完成式，及物动词的现在分词有主动语态与被动语态，不及物动词的现在分词 没有被动语态。过去分词只有一种形式。 物动词的过去分词只表示动作完成或状态，没有被动的意思。 The man standing there is our group leader. 正站在那边的人是我们的组长．(主动，进行) This is the house built by my father last year. (被动，完成) 区别boiling water 正在开的水 boiled water 开水（开过了）注：boil vi 沸腾 试译：China is a developing country while the United States is a developed country. falling leaves和fallen leaves, the rising sun和the risen sun. (3)现在分词的一般式常表示与谓语动词的动作同时发生，有时也可以先于或后于谓语 动词的动作。 The man talking with our teacher is his father. (与谓语动作同时发生) Sitting in an armchair, he told me he would go abroad. (在谓语动作之前发生) 坐在扶手椅上他对我说他将出国。 He told me he would stand by the roadside, watching the parade. 他告诉我他将站在路边，观看游行．（与被修饰的从句谓语动词would stand同时发生， 都表示过去将来时间） The man rose from the ground, beating the dust off his clothes. 那个男子从地上站了起来，拍掉衣服上的尘土。（分词动作后于谓语动作） (4)现在分词的完成式表示动作先于谓语的动作发生，常用作时间状语和原因状语。 Having finished my homework, I went to bed. 我做完作业以后，就上床睡觉了。
(word完整版)高中英语语法全解-过去分词
第7章动词的过去分词形式 动词的-ed形式也是非谓语动词的一种，它具有动词的一些特点，同时也具有形容词、副词的句法功能，在句中可用作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语等。 一、动词的-ed形式的特征 A．动词的-ed形式是由动词的过去分词构成 动词的-ed形式只有一种形式，即传统语法中的过去分词。绝大部分的动词的-ed形式由动词原形加-ed构成，也有一些动词的-ed形式是不规则的。 1．规则动词的-ed形式 limit→limited（限制） pretend→pretended（假装） escape→escaped（逃脱） provide→provided（提供） refer→referred（提交） drag→dragged（拖） pray→prayed（祈祷） supply→supplied（供应） 2．不规则动词的-ed形式 cast→cast（投掷） spread→spread（传播） bite→bitten（咬） forgive→forgiven（原谅） spit→spat（吐） wear→worn（穿） fight→fought（搏斗） lose→lost（丢失） 3．少数动词的-ed形式作定语时，读音与一般过去分词不同 learned a learned professor 一位知识渊博的教授 aged an aged man 老人 beloved his beloved computer 他心爱的计算机 B．动词的-ed形式的否定形式 动词的-ed形式的否定形式是由not或never加动词的-ed形式构成。 Not allowed to go in, he had to wait outside. 不允许他进去，他只好在外面等着。 Never invited to his party, she got angry with him. 从未被邀请过去他的聚会，她很生气。 C．动词的-ed形式的特征 动词的-ed形式有被动的意思，有时也可表示完成的动作。 1．动词的-ed形式表示已完成的动作。 除了作形容词用的-ed形式外，动词的-ed形式可带有完成的意义，有的同时也带有被动的意义。
自然语言理解课程实验报告
实验一、中文分词 一、实验内容 用正向最大匹配法对文档进行中文分词，其中： （1）wordlist.txt 词表文件 （2）pku_test.txt 未经过分词的文档文件 （3）pku_test_gold.txt 经过分词的文档文件 二、实验所采用的开发平台及语言工具 Visual C++ 6.0 三、实验的核心思想和算法描述 本实验的核心思想为正向最大匹配法，其算法描述如下 假设句子： ， 某一词 ，m 为词典 中最长词的字数。 (1) 令 i=0，当前指针 pi 指向输入字串的初始位置，执行下面的操作： (2) 计算当前指针 pi 到字串末端的字数（即未被切分字串的长度）n ，如果n=1， 转(4)，结束算法。否则，令 m=词典中最长单词的字数，如果n （2）原代码如下 // Dictionary.h #include