2017-全国卷语法填空+短文改错真题专练及答案

总分：

2017 语法填空真题

班级：姓名：

Cloze 1 2017 全国卷Ⅰ，15 分话题：饮食与健康词数：196

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend,

which was started by the medical community( 医学界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease, has had

some unintended side 2 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease —the very thing the medical

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 3 (process) the food that we eat, to

recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 4 (remove) from food, the

food tastes as if it is missing something. As 5 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that

something missing. Even 6 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 7

(be) full of fat and salt; by 8 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack( 吃点心) between meals and will

improve the taste of your food. However, be 9 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible

to have too much of both, 10

Cloze 2 2017 全国卷Ⅱ，15 分话题：地下客运铁路词数：181

In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven

kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible 1 (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and

2 work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up

the road, 3 4 top. When all those had

Steam engines 5 (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been 6 (fair)

unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great

success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using 7

Later, engineers 8 (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which

became known as the Tube. This development was only possible with the 9 (introduce) of

electric-powered engines and lifts. The Central London Railway was one of the most 10 (success) of

these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved

ext

Cloze 3 2017 全国卷Ⅲ，15 分话题：上学的同时兼职做模特词数：

She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the

challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term

1 (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6,500 a day as 2

Sarah 3 (tell) that she could be Britain ’s new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 4 has taken part in shows

along with top models, wants 5 (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry

on with her 6

She has turned down several 7 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.

After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree 8

Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 9 (come) first. I

don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 10 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I

don’t want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can ore." ’t model any m

2017短文改错高考真题

Correction 1 2017 全国卷Ⅰ，10 分（每个 1 分）

In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard

0first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor ’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank. I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, "Speed

up!" "Slow down!" "Turning left!" I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the

Correction 2 2017 全国卷Ⅱ，10 分（每个 1 分）

Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour

and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When

Correction 3 2017 全国卷Ⅲ，10 分（每个 1 分）

When I look at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies. I had grown not only physically, and

also mentally in the past few years. About one month after this photo was took, I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. Around me in picture are the things they were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of

cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days.

2017 年全国卷语法填空真题答案

Cloze 1

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。

1.as 考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示"作为一种抵御心脏病的方式"，所以填 a s，意为"作为"。

2.effects 考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的"some"及空后的"such as overweight and heart disease"可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式effects。

3.to process 考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。

4.are removed 考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又fat and salt 是动词remove 的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。

5.a 考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为"结果"。

6.worse 考查比较级。短语Even worse 意为"更糟糕的是"，表示意义的递进。故用worse。

7.is 考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓

语动词，又因主语为Fast food，故填is。

8.eating 考查非谓语动词。介词by 后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。

9.careful 考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful" 当心的"构成系表结构。

10.which 考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从

句中作主语，故填关系代词which 。

Cloze 2

本文为说明文，介绍了全世界第一个地下客运铁路在英国开放及其逐渐发展成现在的地铁的过程。

【段意梳理】

第一段：介绍了世界上第一个地下客运铁路的创建以及相关事宜。

第二段：蒸汽机是地下客运铁路的动力机，尽管它让乘客感到不舒服，但乘客数量却大增。

第三段：地下客运铁路发展成现在的地铁。

1.crowds 考查名词复数。因为crowd 为可数名词，并且其前没有限定词，所以此处用其复数形式。

2.from 考查介词。此处是指"当他们来回上下班时"。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2018749198.html,ying 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，该句的主语为This，谓语动词included 后由and连接了三

个动名词短语作宾语。故填laying 。

【易错点拨】该句中的lay 不是与前面的谓语动词included 并列，而是与digging up 和building 并列。句式结构的分析是解答该题的关键。

4.the 考查定冠词。此处指的是在顶端建造一个结实的顶，所以在top 前加the。

5.were used 考查动词时态和语态。因为是介绍1863 年的事情，而且Steam engines与use之间为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。

6.fairly 考查副词。副词修饰形容词unpleasant，故在其前填fairly 。

7.it 考查代词。根据上文的"the railway quickly" 可知，此处用it 代替the railway 。

【知识拓展】one 指代上文提到的单数的人或物，指"同"，表示泛指意义；that 指上文出现的名词，表示同类的东西，既可指代可数名词单数，又可指代不可数名词，常有后置定语修饰，表

特指；it 指上文提到的同一事物，与前面的名词是同一个，表特指。

8.managed 考查动词时态。因为engineers 与manage之间为主动关系，而且是发生在过去的事情，所以填managed。

9.introduction 考查词性转换。由前面的定冠词the 可知，其后应接名词，故填introduction 。

10.successful 考查词性转换。根据语境并结合空前的the most 可知，空处表达最高级意义。故填successful。

Cloze 3

本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了16 岁的Sarah 在上学的同时兼职做模特，并且取得了巨大的成功；虽然她父

亲希望她当全职模特，但是Sarah 仍然坚持要完成学业。

【段意梳理】

第一段：讲述16 岁女孩Sarah 与同龄孩子不同，在学习的同时兼顾从事模特职业。

第二段：Sarah 的父亲希望她放弃学业，但她坚信自己可以做到美丽与智慧并存。

第三段：Sarah 拒绝了许多演出邀请，专心于学业，立志考上大学。

第四段：Sarah 谈论不想放弃学业而专职做模特的原因。

1. resting 考查固定搭配。spend time doing sth. 是固定搭配，故填resting。

2.a 考查冠词。该空后面model 是可数名词单数，此处表示"作为一名模特"，故填a。

3.has been told/was told 考查动词时态和语态。此处动词tell 与Sarah是被动关系，因为第二段在讲述父亲

和Sarah的想法时都是用现在时，因此可以用现在完成时表达过去对现在的影响，故可以填has been told。此外，" 被告知"这件事情发生在过去，故也可填was told。

【易错点拨】考生在考虑动词的时态时，经常会忽略语态，如此题容易误填told。因此，当考查动词的时

候要从句意理解出发，考虑动作的主语与动词之间是主动还是被动的关系。

4.who 考查定语从句。此句Sarah 是主语，wants 是主句谓语，因此可以判断此处是非限制性定语从句，

先行词为Sarah，从句中缺主语且指人，故填who。

5.to prove 考查非谓语动词。want to do 是固定搭配，故填to prove。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2018749198.html,cation 考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词her 后需用educate 的名词形式，故填education。

7.invitations 考查名词单复数。invitation 是可数名词，前面有several 修饰，要用复数形式，故填invitations 。

8.in 考查介词。degree与介词in 搭配，表示在某方面的学位。故填in。

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/2018749198.html,es 考查动词时态。全文均为现在时，且school 是第三人称单数，故填comes。

【易错点拨】动词如果使用一般现在时，要注意主语是不是第三人称单数。此题容易误填come。

10.certainly 考查副词。此处fun 是名词，但空处修饰整个句子，作状语，故填certainly 。

【知识拓展】考查形容词与副词时，除了要考虑词性相互转换，还要考虑形容词与副词的反义词。比如

括号里给出fortunate 一词，需要改为副词形式fortunately ，同时还要结合句意来判断，是否要改为unfortunately 。

2017 年 全国卷短文改错真题答案

Correction 1 2017 全国卷Ⅰ， 10 分

①考查序数词。 "我的 18岁生日 "，应用序数词e ighteenth 。

②由序数词f irst 可知，其前应加定冠词t he 。也可以用形容词性物主代词m y 修饰f irst day 。

③考查上下文的逻辑关系。根据语境可知，前后两句之间为转折关系，故把 so 改为b ut 或 yet 。

④考查时态。本文讲述作者 18岁生日后的那个暑假发生的事情，且通篇以过去时为主。此处应用一般过

去时，故把 goes 改为w ent 。

⑤考查名词的数。根据下文可知，教练发出了很多指令，故用 word 的复数形式 words 。

⑥考查谓语动词。此处为祈使句，并和上文中的 "Speed up"和"Slow down" 并列，故改为动词原形 Turn 。 ⑦考查固定句型。此处含有 "so...that..."引导的结果状语从句，句中的 much 多余，故删除。

⑧考查副词。 late 意为"迟，晚 " 。" 一段时间+later" 表示 "一段时间之后 " ，故把 late 改为l ater 。

⑨考查形容词。该句中的名词s top 应用形容词修饰，所以把 suddenly 改为s udden 。

⑩考查固定搭配。 in the middle of 意为"在? ? 的中间"，故把 on 改为o f 。

Correction 2 2017 全国卷Ⅱ， 10 分

①考查代词。因为主语是两个人，所以用 both 表示两者都，而 all 则表示三者或三者以上的全部。此处将 all 去掉也可以。

②考查冠词。因为h our 的发音以元音音素开头，所以其前用 an 。此处也可用 one 表示数量 "一"。 ③考查形容词。因为是描述主语t hey 的心理状态，所以使用 interested"对? ? 感兴趣的 "。

④考查关系代词。此处是非限制性定语从句，且关系代词在从句中作主语，指代上文的 garden ，所以用 which 来引导该定语从句。

⑤考查副词。此处没有比较的含义，所以用 early 的原级。

⑥考查介词。 buy 为及物动词，其后直接跟宾语，而 buy sth. for sb. 意为"为某人买某物 "。

⑦考查副词。 beside 意为"在? ? 旁 "，而 besides 意为"此外 " 。

⑧考查名词。 information 为不可数名词，无复数形式。

⑨考查动词时态。因为主句部分为一般将来时态，所以此处的时间状语从句应使用一般现在时表将来意

义

。 ⑩考查动词的固定用法。短语i nvite sb.to do sth. 意为"邀请某人做某事 "。

Correction 3 2017 全国卷Ⅲ， 10 分

①考查介词。 realize 后接宾语从句，介词o f 多余。

②考查时态。由时间状语"in the past few years" 可知，此处强调的是发生在过去的动作对现在的影响，故

应用现在完成时。

③考查连词。 not only...but also... 是固定搭配。

④考查语态。 photo 与 take 为被动关系，故应用被动语态。 take 的过去分词是 taken 。

⑤考查动词时态。 "我 "进入高中第二学年并成为学校音乐俱乐部的新成员这一系列动作发生在过去， 所以

谓语动词应用 became 。

⑥考查限定词/冠词。 picture 作"照片 "之意讲时是可数名词，因为上文已提到过这张照片，因此要用定冠

词t he 表特指，或者用 this 。

⑦考查定语从句。 things 是个名词，后面接了一个定语从句，修饰先行词t hings ，既可以用 that 也可以用 which 作关系代词。

⑧考查形容词。名词k inds 前需要形容词来修饰，因此把名词d ifference 改为形容词d ifferent 。

⑨考查形近词辨析。结合句意，这里表示收集最新的音乐专辑，故将 late 改为l atest 。

⑩考查人称指代一致。全文介绍的是 " 我"的故事，因此这里应该是 "我"高中时期的回忆。

语法填空短文改错练习

语法填空短文改错练习． 专题练习二A ) 陕西省西安中学模拟

(2017· Helsinki, capital of Finland, is offering young people the chance to rent __1__ cheap apartment in an old people's home, if they agree __2__ (spend) time socializing with the elderly residents. )is seeking __3__(apply) from renters under The city council(议会five hours each the age of 25 who would like to spend three__4__ exchange, they'll get a studio week with their older neighbors. __5__ kitchen, private square__6__ (measure) 23 meters with flat a

__7__ euros per month. Those balcony bathroom and for 250 apply don't need any specific care experience. There are staff to look after the elderly. a than the spaces in less people More than 60 have applied for week, and the idea has also been __8__ (warm) welcomed by Finns on other to it will spread projectsocial media. “Great ！Hopefully another while person on ，”Facebook, __9__ (write) one areas__10__ (difference) generations bringing supports the scheme for together. 答案与解析 本文主要讲述了芬兰的首都——赫尔辛基将为年轻人提供以低廉的 租金租赁养老院的机会，前提是他们要与老人聊天。 1．a考查不定冠词。此处用来修饰单数名词apartment，表示泛指：一套便宜的公寓。故用a。 之后，agree此处用在不及物动词考查动词不定式。to spend．2． 应使用动词不定式作宾语，意为：同意做某事。故用to spend。3．applications考查名词。此处用在动词seek之后作宾语，指的是来自25岁以下的租房者们的申请。故用名词的复数形式applications。

高中英语语法填空短文改错专项练习题

专题练习一 A (2017·山西省大同市灵丘县模拟) The Art of War is an ancient Chinese military book __1__(date) from the 5th century BC.__2__ (write) by the ancient Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu (“Master Sun”，also spelled Sunzi), the book consists of 13 chapters, each of __3__ is devoted to one aspect of warfare. It is__4__ (common) thought of __5__ a great work on military strategy and tactics(战术). It __6__ (place) at the head of China's Seven Military Classics in 1080 by Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty , __7__ it has long been the most influential strategy text in East Asia. It has had__8__ influence on Eastern and Western military thinking, business tactics, legal strategy and beyond. Its first complete English translation was completed and published by Lionel Giles in 1910. __9__ (leader) such as Mao Zedong, General V o Nguyen Giap, General Douglas MacArthur and so on have drawn__10__ (inspire) from the work. 答案与解析 文章介绍了“孙子兵法”这本中国古代杰出的军事作品，以及对后人的影响。 1．dating考查非谓语动词。此处dating from是现在分词短语作定语，修饰book。 2．Written考查非谓语动词。分析句式可知，write和句子主语the book 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词形式表示被动。 3．which考查关系代词。根据句式可知，此处是一个非限制性

高中英语语法填空和短文改错

短文填空 1. 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的单词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在下面的横线上。 2.School education is very important and useful. The students(1) ________ learn knowledge and get an education. Yet, no one can learn everything from school. The scientists, (2) ____ Edison, Newton, Galileo and Einstein, didn't learn everything from school. They learned a lot of knowledge (3)________ school or in practice by themselves. A teacher, even(4) ______ he knows a lot, can't teach his students everything. The teacher's job (5)________ (be) to show his students how to learn, how to read and how to think. A good teacher with rich experience in (6)_________ (teach) can teach his students the methods of study. Through these methods the students are able (7)________ (learn) and get a lot of things by themselves. Usually it is very easy for the students(8) _______ (remember) some knowledge, but it is very difficult to use it for problems. If a teacher (9) ______ (real) shows the students the ability of how to use knowledge, it means the teacher has learned lots of knowledge by himself (or herself).The (10) _______ (succeed) in learning shows he or she knows how to study. 1.______________ 2._____________ 3._______________ 4._____________ 5._____________ 6.______________ 7._____________ 8.______________ 9._____________ 10._____________ 短文改错 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）画掉。 修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词; 2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分.

高考英语语法填空短文改错知识点

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2017年高考英语全国卷I--语法填空答案及详解

第二节(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67(be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 翻译：最近，在食品服务业方面有一种朝着低脂肪和少盐的趋势。这种趋势最初是由医学界发起，用来作为防御心脏病的一种方式，已经产生一些意料之外的副作用，例如，肥胖 和心脏病，这正好是医学界致力去防御的疾病。 脂肪和盐分是每日膳食中的重要部分。我们需要他们去加工处理摄入的食物、有助于伤病的恢复和满足几项人体正常的运作。当脂肪和盐分从食物当中被去除了，食物尝起来 好像有所缺失。结果，人们会吃更多的食物来补偿缺失的东西。甚至更糟糕的是，人们吃 了更多的快餐食品。快餐中脂肪和盐的含量很高；由于吃了更多的快餐，人们会摄入比他 们在饮食中所需要的更多的盐分和脂肪。 通过每日饮食摄入足够的脂肪和盐分会减少在两餐之间吃点心的欲望，而且会提高你的食物的味道。然而，要注意不要摄入过量。跟其他食物一样，我们也有可能会吃太多， 这一点是对我们的健康不利。 61.as 考查介词。根据句意“这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病方法”可知这里 表达“作为”之意，所以答案填as。 62.effects 考查名词单复数。有前面的修饰短语some可知这里的side effects应该用复数，所以答案填effects。 63.to process 考查非谓语动词。根据固定短语be required to do sth.“被要求做某事”可知此处答案填to process。

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