日照雅思考点哪个好,雅思A类图表作文引言段写作要义

日照雅思考点哪个好，雅思A类图表作文引言段写作要义

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丰俭由人审时度势

雅思写作A类的task one对考生的要求是在规定的时间内(20分钟左右)完成对既定图表的理解和相关信息的准确描述，并将其写成不少于150字的短文。出题方希望通过图表作文的考核使应试的考生掌握对图表信息和数据的观察解释和说明的能力，从而培养学生未来继续学习的一项基本学习技能。

但朗阁海外考试研究中心总结发现，对于很大一部分的考生来说，在理解图表内容，准确描述数据信息等难题之外，“如何开始下笔”也在一定程度上给考生带来了困扰，常常有同学在“深思熟虑”数分钟之后，试卷上依然空无一字并仍处在“思考”的阶段，这对于时间紧张的雅思考试来说实在是大忌。

如果将过多的时间浪费在对引言段（也即是开头第一段）的构思上，则可能带来无法按时完成全文或仓促完成正文的严重后果，因此，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生，考生有必要在开考前甚至在平时备考的练习中就有一套属于自己的开头段写作模式。

那么图表类作文的开头段到底应该包括哪些内容，多少字数的开头段比较合适，在开头段的写作中又会用到哪些表达形式呢？

STEP ONE：开头段内容的确定

对于图表题的写作，在完成审题工作后，有一个必备的工作是确定主体段的写作内容，也即是说要确定主体段要写哪一些信息点，这些信息点一共要用多少句话来描述。在确定了这一内容后，就明确了主体段的内容和信息量，由此我们可以确定开头段的信息量。举个例子说，如果我们以每句话10个单词来定义的话，150

个字的小作文就要求考生至少有16-18句的内容，那么减去考生确定的主体段信息量，剩下的句子就需要用开头段和结尾段来实现。

由此我们能发现，开头段的存在除了起到提纲挈领和行文结构完整化的作用，对于图表信息不够丰富的文章，考生可以通过在书写开头段的时候动一些心思，来丰富文章的内容。因此，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生，要写出一个合理的开头，首先需要确定正文的内容是否能够写饱满，是否需要通过开头来满足字数和内容的不足。

STEP TWO：开头段写作结构和表达

根据上一个步骤的信息确定，开头段简单来说可以分为两个部分：第一，转述和改写原题，第二，在需要的时候适当加入一些图表内的概括性信息。

对于“转述和改写原题”这个部分，不外乎原题进行同义词、语法关系和加减单词的变化，我们可以将这个部分用一个固定的结构总结为“这个图表为我们描述了×××时间内在×××地区×××对象的×××方面的信息”。通过这个固定的机构我们可以看出，除了×××的部分，其余的部分都是固定不变的，因此我们完全可以在考试前就确定相关的内容和表达，我们通过例子来说明这一结构。

例题：The table below show social and economic indicators of four countries in 1994, according to United Nations statistics.

Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Indicators Canada Japan Peru Zaire

Annual income per person (in $US)1110015760160130

Life expectancy at birth76785147

Daily calorie supply per person3326284619271749

Adult literacy rate (%)99996834根据这一结构，开头段可以写的内容为“这个图表为我们描述了1999年内在四个地区在四个经济和社会指标方面的信息”。

所以我们先确定固定内容的写法：

ü “这个图表”：图表类作文中涉及到的无非线line柱bar饼pie表table四类结合chart，illustration，diagram，graph和table这几个常用的“图表”单词，再加上together with，combined with，as well as等固定表达，开头段的这一个部分完全可以确定下来了；

ü “描述了”： show，describe，offer an overview，present，compare等，可以用来表达这一概念的动词可谓应有尽有；

ü “信息”：从宽泛的information，data，figures到具体的percentage，distribution，proportion，考生只需要根据题目的具体要求选择合适的单词即可。

其次我们根据题目的要求可以改写的部分为：

ü “时间”：单个时间点，多个时间点和时间段都有多种的表达方式，考生只需在考前做好总结的工作即可。

ü “描述对象”：这往往是改写的难点，可以通过同义词和语法关系的替换来实现。例如social and economic indicators可以替换为indicators in both social and economic fields/ economic and social conditions in different aspects等因此，综合以上的信息，一个简单的开头段就完成了：The given table provides an overview of social and economic conditions from different aspects in four countries in the year 1994.

然后，对于同样的题材，我们讨论第二个部分“在需要的时候适当加入一些图表内的概括性信息”。这一部分主要应用在主体段内容单薄的情况下，对于这一部分，我们主要可以通过两种方式来实现。

ü 下定义和解释说明的表达方式：首先请大家牢记in other words, namely等下定义的表达方式和take … into consideration，in terms of，considering等补充说明的表达方式的正确使用，然后将其灵活的应用到对图表中文字信息的补充说明上。

举个例子来说，以上题为例，我们可以刚刚的开头改写为The given table provides an overview of social and economic conditions from different aspects in four countries, namely, Canada, Japan, Peru and Zaire in the year 1994.

或者The given table provides the information of social and economic conditions in four countries in the year 1994, in terms of the annual income per person, life expectancy at birth, daily calorie supply per person and the literacy rate. All the date is based on the year 1994.

ü 插入图表中的总趋势：对于某些有总体趋势的图表，考生可以在开头段中就加入对总趋势的描述，此举首先可以补充内容的不足，同时可以对全文结构起到总括性的作用。

通过以上的总结，我们不难发现，对于图表类作文的开头段，其内容和形式“丰俭由人”，考生完全可以根据图表内容的信息量，“审时度势”，来确定开头段的写作内容和模式，并在在构思完毕之后以最快的时间内完全这个部分的行文。

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雅思经典图表作文范文

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