英语名词变化知识点总结

1.规则变化：

1) 一般在名词词尾加s，

① map—maps地图，bird—birds鸟，

orange—oranges 桔子，

bike—bikes自行车；

2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es，

① box—boxes盒子，class—classes班级，watch—watches手表， dish-dishes 盘，碟子，餐具；

3) 以O结尾的名词后面加s或es

① photo—photos相片 radio—radios收音机 zoo—zoos动物园tomato—tomatoes西红柿 potato—potatoes土豆

4) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i+es

① baby—babies婴儿 family—families家庭；

以元音字母加y结尾的名词直接加s

① boy—boys男孩 toy—toys 玩具；

5) 以fe或f结尾的名词，把fe或f变为ves

① knife—knives小刀

wife—wives妻子

leaf—leaves树叶。

二：名词复数的不规则变化

1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth

mouse---mice man---men woman---women

注意：与 man 和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是 -men 和-women。如： an Englishman，two Englishmen. 但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。

2）单复同形如：

deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese

li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin

但除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:

a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。

如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说 a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说

a person，a policeman，a head of cattle,the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用。如： The Chinese are industries and brave. 中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。

5) 表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses (眼镜) trousers, clothes

若表达具体数目，要借助数量词 pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters 水域，fishes（各种）鱼

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