现代大学英语精读1 第六课课后参考答案

【恒心】现代大学英语精读1 第六课课后参考答案

整理校对：李炳璋（原名李东升）---全国唯一一位曾经连续三年命中过高考试题中理科和文科一些试题的人

Vocabulary

1

5 Fill in the blanks with correct forms of the appropriate words listed below.（137页）

1 acceptance

2 occurrence

3 astonishing, unrecognizable

4 appreciative, expectation

5 identical, identify, identifications

2

2. Give corresponding synonyms and antonyms for the following words.（138页）Synonyms

1. meet (with)

2. show, indicate, symbolize, represent

3. stupid, dull, unwise

4. old

5. examine, look closely

6. arrive at, come to, go to

7. repair 8. remark, speech, comment

9. consider, see, view, look upon, take

10. speak about, chat, discuss

11. require, need

12. think carefully, consider, ponder over

13. ridicule, mock

14. surprise

Antonyms

1. flat, gentle, gradual

2. incomplete

3. believe, trust

4. unexpected

5. seriously, formally

6. relative, conditional, questionable

7. unknown

8. ugliness 9. later, in the future

10. few

11. small, tiny

12. empty

13. unconscious

14. insignificance

15. at last

3 Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the appropriate phrases and expressions listed below. Note that some of them may be used more than once.（138页）

1. After all, regarded as

2. regarded as/ in a sense, consists of

3. for ages, at once

4. were astonished at, After all

5. calls for, on their part/ in turn

6. dawned on, in case, melt into

7. reflect on, in relation to, calls for

8. cut, in, on their part/ in turn, work out

4. Fill in the blanks with the correct prepositions or adverbs.（139页）

1 off/ out

2 off

3 out/through

4 through

5 to, through

6 to

7 with

8 on

9 to 10 with

5. Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions listed below.（140页）

1. 当我们到达目的地时，我们发现这块地上已经没有任何建筑，只有一些石头散落在地上。没有人能认出这是一段可以追溯到千年以前的城墙。

When we reached our destination, we found nothing standing on the ground except some rocks scattered here and there. Nobody would be able to recognize it as part of the city wall a thousand years ago.

2. 今天，大多数人看问题都有了新的角度，他们不再认为主要是国内生产总值标志一个国家的幸福了。

Today, most people have got a new perspective. They no longer accept the view that mainly GDP marks the happiness of a nation.

3. 让我们同意对方有不同意见吧。我们起码在这一点上意见是一致的，我们同意不采取暴力，我们同意我们的分歧必须和平解决。

Let’s agree to disagree. We at least agree on one thing: We agree not to use force. We agree that we must settle our disputes peacefully.

4. 桂林向来被我们称为最美的地方，我以前怀疑这种说法。现在我完全同意他们了。一切都美极了，尤其是那千姿百态的石峰。

Guilin has always been regarded by our people as the most beautiful place in our country. I used to have my doubts, but now I totally agree with them. Everything is so beautiful, especially the rock formations in these different shapes.

5. 我可以向你保证他是个非常随和的人。我从来没见过她发脾气。

I can assure you. She is a very agreeable person. I have never seen her lose her temper.

6.一位亲眼看见那个妇女被汽车轧过的年轻人同意出庭作证。我很欣赏他的勇气。

A young man who saw the woman run over by the car has agreed to appear in court as witness. I admire his courage.

7. 大学教育应该设法保证我们的大学生有进行批判性思维的能力。

College education should see to it that our students are able to do critical thinking.

8. 你们在预习功课的时候，一定要尽量试试，看你是否提出重要的问题来，是否能作出有意义的评论。

While you are preparing your lessons, you must try your best to see if you can raise some significant questions and give meaningful comments/criticism.

9. 在对这个问题进行仔细思考以后，我认识到，我们必须保证学生不但能谋生，还能懂得怎样生活。

Upon careful reflections on this issue, I’ve come to realize that we must make sure that our students not only can make a living, but also know how to live.

10.有一次我修好了一个漏气的自行车胎，爸爸拍拍我的肩膀，逗我说我是家里的天才，有当机械师的潜力。他的话引起了全家人的大笑。

Once I fixed my bike tire which was leaking. My dad patted me on the shoulder and teased me saying that I am the family genius and have the makings of a good mechanic. What he said set the whole family laughing.

7 Fill in the blanks with one of the appropriate phases listed below.（141页）

1 At that time

2 at a time

3 for the time being, in time

4 on time

5 during the time/ at the time, for a time/ for a long time

6 all the time

7 at the same time, at a time

8 By the time, for some time 9 at times/ all time

10 For a long time/ During that time, all the time

Grammar

3 Translate the following sentences using proper adverbial clauses.（144页）

1. Take a warm jacket with you in case it should suddenly turn cold.

2. It’s not safe there, so stay in the hotel at night.

3. The two girl spoke so softly that no one else could hear them.

4. When you explain the danger of the drug to children, do it so that they can understand.

5. The whole family worked hard so that they could send one of the children to college.

6. In winter the school closes early so that the children can get home before dark.

7. He was an only child, so he found it difficult to get along with his peers at school.

8. The accident happened so long ago that I don’t remember much about it.

9. The teacher had just taken the children out of the building when it collapsed.

10. It was so dark that the German secret agent didn’t notice there was no balcony below the window at all.

4. Fill in the blank of the passage with ONE suitable word.（145页）

1 so

2 aware

3 realized

4 book

5 when

6 but

7 clearly

8 again

9 decided 10 case

现代大学英语精读3_第二版_unit1、2课文翻译

Unit 1 Your college years 1你可曾考虑过作为一个大学生你生活中正在发生和即将发生的变化？你可曾想到过大学时代教授们以及其他教职工为了你的成长和发展制定了目标？你可曾注意过你在从青少年渐渐成人的过程中会发生某些变化？尽管大学生很少想这些，但是在大学生时代很可能会发生一些主要的变化。 2在这段时期，学生们正经受自我认同危机，他们努力要了解自己的身份，掌握自身的优缺点。当然，优缺点他们兼而有之，且两者都为数不少。重要的是人们如何看待自己，其他人又如何看待他们。皮尔斯和兰多曾在一篇文章中探讨了爱立信在《国际社会百科全书》中有关理论，根据他们的观点，性格特征是由先天基因（即父母的遗传物质）所决定，由外部环境而形成，并受偶然事件的影响的。人们受环境的影响，反过来也影响他们的环境。人们如何看待自己扮演的这两个角色无疑正是他们性格特征的部分表现。 3学生们经历自我认同危机的时候，他们也开始渐渐独立，但是可能仍然非常依赖父母。这种介于独立与依赖之间的冲突常常发生在青少年末期。事实上，这种冲突很可能因为他们选择继续接受大学教育而愈发激烈。高中一毕业，一些学生便会立即走入社会开始工作。这种选择的结果就是他们可能他们在经济上获得独立。但是大学生已经选择了用几年的时间继续掌握新知并且发展自我，因此他们在一定程度上还要依赖父母。 41984年4月杰利弗·A·霍夫曼在《心理咨询杂志》上发表了《即将成人的青年与父母的心理距离》，文章中他提及了人与父母产生心理距离的四个不同方面。第一，独立处理日常生活的能力，它包括个人独立处理实际事物和自身事务的能力，如理财的能力、选购服装的能力和决定每天工作日程的能力。第二，态度独立，即个人学会正确看待和接受自己与父母的态度、价值和信仰上的差异。第三个心理分离过程是情感独立，霍夫曼将这一过程定义为“摆脱父母的认可、亲近、陪伴和情感支持的过分依赖”。例如，大学生们会随自己所愿自由选择专业，而且并不认为必须征得父母的认同。第四是摆脱“对父母的过度内疚、焦虑、疑惑、责任、反感和愤怒的心理”。大学生们需要退一步看清自己在介于独立与依赖之间的冲突中所处的位置。 5可能大学生们面临的最紧张的问题之一就是构建自己的性别特征，这包括与异性之间的关系和对未来自身男性或女性角色的设计。每个人必须将其性格特征定义为男性或女性角色。这一过程中兴奋与受挫并存。也许没有什么比恋爱更能让学生们情绪低落或高涨的。例如，我曾经和一位年轻的大学生共事，一次他欢呼雀跃的进了我的办公室，面带笑容，声音激动。年轻人宣布：“我刚度过了人生中最灿烂的一天。”他继续解释他是如何与一位超凡脱俗的女子相遇的，而且这份浪漫的爱情与他梦中所期待的完全一致。而不倒一个星期，同一个年轻人却拖着脚步神情沮丧的进了我的办公室。他在同一张椅子上坐下来，深深地叹了口气，宣布说：“我经历了人生中最糟糕的一天。”他和那个年轻女子刚刚吵过架，两人的关系不再看好。因而，大学生们与异性交往的方式对他们的情感必定有所影响。 6于此同时，这些刚刚成年的大学生也在学习如何在成年人的世界里奉献和收获情感。在这一角度上，成长不仅要处理与异性之间的关系，还要处理与两性及所有年龄段的朋友之间的关系。随着他们渐渐成人，他们与异性交往的方式也在发生变化。这时作为成年人他们应该思索如何与同龄人和睦相处并有礼有节，如何与他们生活中的青少年儿童和睦相处，如何与他们的父母和睦相处并表达自己的感情。举个我在西南浸礼教会学院读研究生时的例子，当我刚刚修完一门咨询课程后，我去探望父母。在学习这门课的过程中我渐渐意识到，当我的世界不断扩展，新的机遇不断出现时，我的父亲，一个年过花甲之人，正在亲眼目睹自己的世界在变小，选择在变少。在家的那些日子里，我和父亲几次谈心，共同探讨了我课程的内容以及它如何应用到我的生活中。我发觉自己正以一种不同的方式看待父亲，并且把他看作一个我可以鼓励的朋友。我有意识的去鼓励这个从前鼓励过我的人。我在以一种不同的方式与父亲交流。 7大学生的另一个变化就是内化他们的宗教信仰、价值尺度和道德观念。从出生开始，就有一位或更多的父母成为他们的榜样，教给他们特定的信仰、价值和道德。然而，当他们到了青春期，这些问题却遭到了质疑，在一些情况下甚至遭到了反叛。现在他们刚刚成年，他们有机会为自己决定人生中将会如何选择何种信仰、价值和道德。60年代末，一位生活在极度歧视其他种族的环境中的年轻女子深信自己种族的

现代大学英语精读单词

U n i t 1 Baptist counsel encyclopedia agenda attitudinal contribute crisis endeavor ethical ethnic masculine resentment evaluate feminine adulthood option perceive project excessive functional genetic inherit interaction peer process stressful endowment ethnic adolescence affirm approval unquestionably heighten inhibition internalize newscast

rebel seminary theological wardrobe unit4 bearded Cynicism elegant guffaw lunatic monarch page pebble scant scratch block elaborately fountain half-naked nudge olive paradox privacy scoop squatter stroll titter sweat unit5 abundance adapt angler biocide birch bound built-in

chorus colossal confined considerable throb trout vegetation migrant suppress synthetic contamination counterpart deliberate ecologist evolve fern flame flicker gear harmony immune reserve score sicken span spiral subject mold outbreak potent primitive puzzle rapidity resurgence midst modify organism

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Nettles Our farm was small-nine acres. It was small enough for me to have explored every part of it. Each of the trees on the place had an attitude and a presence-the elm looked serene and the oak threatening, the maples friendly, the hawthorn old and crabby. Even the pits on the river flats had their flats had their distinct character. The girls as well as the boys were divided into two sides. Each girl had her own pile of balls and was working for paticular soldiers, and when a soldier fell wounded he would call out a girl’s name, so that she could drag him away and dress his wounds as quickly as possible. I made weapons for Mike, and mine ws the name he called. There was a keen alarm when the cry came, a wire zinging through your whole body, a fanatic feeling of devotion. When Mike was wounded he never opened his eyes. He lay limp and still while I pressed slimy large leaves to his forehead and throat and-pulling out his shirt-to his pale tender stomach, with its sweet and vulnerable belly button. One morning, of course, the job was all finished, the well capped, the pump reinstated, the fresh water marvelled at. And the truck did not come. There were two fewer chairs at the table for the noon meal. Mike and I had barely looked at each other during those meals. He liked to put ketcup on his bread. His father talked to my father, and the talk was mostly about well, accidents, water tables. A serious man. All work, my father said. Yet- he-Mike’s father-ended nearly every speech with a laugh. The laugh had a lonely boom in it, as if he were still down the well. Sunny and I had been friends in Vancouver years before. Our pregnancies had dovetailed, so that we had managed with one set of maternity clothes. In my kitchen or in hers, once a week or so, distracted by our children and sometimes reeling for lack of sleep, we stoked ourselves up on strong coffee and cigarettes and launched out on a rampage of talk about our marriages, our personal deficiencies, our interesting and discreditable motives, and our forgone ambitions. We read Jung at the same time and tried to keep track of our dreams. During that time of life that is supposed to be a reproductive daze, with the woman’s mind all swamped by maternal juices, we were still compelled to discuss Simone de Beauvoir and Arthur Koestler and “The Cocktail Party”. He had slept in the guest bedroom the night before but tonight he’d moved downstairs to the fold-out sofa in the front room. Sunny had given him fresh sheets rather than unmarking and making up again the bed he had left for me. Lying in those same sheets did not make for a peaceful night. I knew that he wouldn’t come to see, no matter how small the risk was. It would be a sleazy thing to do, in the house of his friends. And how could he be sure that it was what I wanted? Or that it was what he really wanted? Even I was not sure of it. Up till now, I had always been able to think of myself as a woman who was faithful to the person who she was sleeping with at any given time. My sleep was shallow, my dreams monotonously lustful, with irritating and unpleasant subplots. All night-or at least whenener I woke up-the crickets wre singing outside my windows. At first I thought it was birds. I had lived in cities long enough to have forgotten how crickets can make a perfect waterfall of noise. The bushes right at the edge of the grass looked impenetrable, but close up there were little openings, the narrow paths that animals or people looking for golf balls had made. The ground sloped slightly downward, and we could see a bit of the river. The water was steel gray, and lookedto be rolling. Between it and us there was a meadow of weeds, all in bloom-goldenrod, jewelweed with its red-and-yellow bells, and what I thought were flowering nettles with pinkish-

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大学英语精读第三版第一册Book1 Unit1答案 1)e 2)g 3)j 4)a 5)b 6)i 7)c 8)d 9)h 10)f 1) handling 2) summarized 3) process 4) absorb 5) are bound to 6) feel free 7) for instance 8) strategies 9) complained 10) has committed to memory

11) Nevertheless 12) rely on 13) Apart from 14) command 1) over and over again 2) at a time 3) put it into practice 4) watching out for 5) by no means 6) concentrate on 7) In addition t 8) in detail 1)action 2)employ 3)announce 4)examination 5)communication 6)express 7)compose 8)improvement

9)concentration 10)management 11)consider 12)motivate 13)development 14)movement 15)discuss 16)operate 17)division 18)production 19)educate 20)repeat 1) additional 2) add 3) addition 4) addition 1) effectively 2) effect 3) effective 4) effect

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现代大学英语精读第3册教案

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现代大学英语精读第六册课文翻译

现代大学英语精读6课文翻译 1如何使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚 约翰·肯尼斯·高伯瑞(加尔布雷斯) 1.我很愿意严肃地考虑一种人类最古老的活动，这项活动持续了多年，实际上已经超过了几个世纪，那就是尝试怎样使我们不为穷人的存在而内疚。 2.贫穷和富有从一开始就共生在一起，彼此很不愉快有时还充满危险。普鲁塔克曾说，“贫富失衡乃共和政体最致命的宿疾。”富有和贫穷持续共存产生的问题，特别是如何证明在其 他人还贫穷时我们富有是有道理的这一问题，成为有思想有学问的人几百年来孜孜不倦地思 考探索的问题。直至当代状况依然如此。 3.《圣经》提出了最初的解决之道，在现世遭受贫穷的人来世会得到更好的回报。他们的贫穷是暂时的灾难，如果贫穷但却能顺从，他们将来就会成为世界的主人。在某种程度上这就是最理想的解决办法。由此，富人就可以一边嫉妒穷人的美好前途一边享受他们的财富。 4.很长时间之后，即在1776年《国富论》发表的二三十年之后——在英国工业革命开始 之后，贫富不均的问题及其解决办法开始具有了现代的形式。杰罗米·边沁，这位与亚当·斯密几乎是同时代的人，提出了这样一种准则，在某种程度上，美国人认为这一准则在英国几 乎50年来一直影响显著。这就是实用主义学说。“通过实用的原则，”边沁在1789年指出，“也就是通过这一原则来赞成或否定任何一种应运而生的看来似乎必定会增加或减少政党 幸福的行为或做法，尽管政党的利益总是在讨论之中。”实用，实际上一定是以自我为中心的。然而，社会中只有少数人拥有大量财富，却有更多人没有财富。只要遵循边沁的话—— “最大的利益给最多的人”，就能够解决社会问题。社会尽力满足更多的人，人们接受对于 很多利益没被满足的人来说，结果极其不幸。 5.在19世纪30年代，一种新的准则成为使我们不为穷人的存在感到内疚的有效办法，迄今为止它的影响也丝毫没有减弱。这是与股票家大卫·李嘉图和T·R·马尔萨斯神父联系 在一起的。它的本质很为人们所熟悉，穷人的贫穷是他们自己的错误。贫穷是他们过度生育 的结果。很遗憾，他们不能控制性欲，过度生育把地球具有的养活人口的能力推向极限。 6.这就是人口论。生育引起的贫穷意味着富人不应该为贫穷的产生和解决承担责任。然而，马尔萨斯本人并不是缺乏责任感的人，他极力主张婚姻的仪式应该包括对过度或不负责任的 性生活的警告——公平地讲，是一种警告，因为它还没有被看做是一种完全有效的控制生育 的方法。在近代，罗纳德·里根曾经说过控制人口的最佳形式存在于市场。(热恋中的夫妇应该上梅西百货公司，而不是回到新房。)应该说，马尔萨斯的建议至少沾点边。 7.19世纪中叶，一种新的解决这一问题的方案产生了很大影响，在美国影响尤其强烈。 这一学说与赫伯特·斯宾塞的名字联系在一起，就是社会学中的进化论。在经济生活中如同在生物进化过程中一样，主导的规律是适者生存。“适者生存”这个短语实际上并不出自查 尔斯·达尔文，而是出自斯宾塞，后者表达了对经济生活的看法。穷人被淘汰是大自然种族 进化的方式。弱的、不幸的人灭亡了，人类家庭的质量就会提高。 8.最著名的美国达尔文社会进化论的发言人之一约翰·洛克菲勒一一第一个洛克菲勒一一 在一次著名的演讲中说，“美国这朵玫瑰花以其华贵与芳香让观众倾倒，赞不绝口。而她之 所以能被培植出来，就是因为在早期其周围的花蕾被掐掉了。在经济生活中情况亦是如此。

现代大学英语精读3答案

1) She intends to apply for that academic position. 2) He is so devoted to his research that the idea that he will soon have to retire never occurs to him. 3) Many people have observed that, without effective checks, we have a tendency to abuse our power. 4) Students must observe carefully how good writers use words. 5) Some countries refuse to get involved in this dispute and they resent any foreign interference. 6) How do you think we should handle the drug problem? 7) According to the agreement, all business policies should apply to everybody without any prejudice. 8) The control of the sand storms will involve a tremendous amount of work and money. 9) You have to take into consideration the local conditions when you apply these technologies. 10) All applicants will have to fill out this form and mail in an application fee of 50 dollars. 11) Based on his careful observationof children's behavior he came to the conclusion that learning is a natural pleasure. 12) In a country of many nationalities, ethnic harmony requires very careful handling. 13) The government is determined to punish all the corrupt officials involved. 14) Cheating at exams does not occur very often. But when it does, the school takes a very tough position. (1) In the negotiations, the two sides found they had little in common. (2) More and more old people are learning how to surf/use the Internet. (3) Don't forget to write down your name on the exam paper. (4) We must bear in mind that there is no shortcut in learning. (5) He never regretted having shifted from business to politics. (6) I’d like to have a chat with you about your term paper sometime this week. (7) Like sports, learning a foreign language requires a lot of practice. (8) They all remember where they were when they heard the shocking news. (9) People learn little from victory, but much more from defeat. (10) Whenever you face a decision you have three choices: do what you please; do what others do; or do what is right. 3. 1) My father was down and out at that time. ( 2) We can go there either by train or by air. It's up to you. ( 3) The police officer decided that the two men hanging around the bank at this hour were up to no good. ( 4) OK, the game is up. You are under arrest. ( 5) Now, time is up. You must stop here. ( 6) You are up early. It's not yet six. ( 7) She’s not in Beijing at the moment. She has been away for almost two weeks. 8) Where are you off to? Don't you know that there is an English movie on this afternoon? ( 9) When the cat is away, the mice will play. ( 10) There was always laughter in the house when my father was about/around. (