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高三《硫、氯》单元练习1

硫，氯基础回顾

一、填空：

1、氯气是色，氯水是色；液溴是色；溴蒸气是色；（NO2是色；）溴水是色；溴的四氯化碳溶液是色；碘易，利用这一点，可以把氯化钠和固体碘分开，固体碘是色；碘蒸气是色，碘水是色，碘的四氯化碳溶液是色。

2、实验室制备氯气的离子方程式：

3、检验氯气常用的淀粉碘化钾试纸，现象是：，发生的离子反应是：。

4、海水提溴的过程中，溴离子被氧化的离子方程式是：，

生产过程中将溴单质从化合物中分离出来的方法是：，该方法的成功应用是基于溴单质的性。

5、从碘水中提碘，通常加入四氯化碳进行，用到的主要仪器主要是：。

6、硫单质是色于水，酒精，二硫化碳，所以附着在试管壁的硫可以用洗涤，采用化学方法可以用的洗涤，两种硫单质单斜硫和斜方硫互为。

7、检验二氧化硫的常用试剂是，二氧化硫使溴水褪色的离子方程式：

。二氧化硫使紫色的石蕊试液变红的原因是（用离子方程式表示）

8、硫的低价态氧化物与其气态氢化物反应的化学方程式：

9、写出下列物质与氧气反应的方程式方程式：

(1) NH3→NO→NO2、

(2)H2S→S O2→S O3、

二、判断：下列说法正确的是（）

1、二氧化硫、木炭、臭氧的漂白原理相同。

2、将二氧化硫通入到氯化钡溶液中可以得到白色沉淀。

3、氯气在水中的溶解度大于在四氯化碳中的溶解度。

4、某气体能使湿润的红色石蕊试纸变蓝，该气体水溶液一定显碱性。

5、Fe(OH)3溶于氢碘酸：Fe(OH)3 + 3H+ = Fe3+ + 3H2O

6、氯水需要保存在棕色细口试剂瓶、阴凉处，用橡胶塞。

7、常温下浓硫酸可贮存于铁制或铝制容器中，说明常温下铁和铝与浓硫酸不反应

8、反应：H 2O+BrCl HBrO+HCl ， KBr+BrCl KCl+Br2；均为氧化还原反应。

9、将一盛满Cl2的试管倒立在水槽中，当日光照射相当一段时间后，试管中最后剩余的气体约占试

管容积的1/2。 10、在K2SO3、KBr和KI的混和溶液中通入过量Cl2，然后将溶液蒸干并灼燃，最后留下的是K2SO4和KCl。

参考答案

一、填空

1、黄绿色；浅黄绿色；深红棕色；红棕色；（红棕色）；橙色；橙红色；升华；紫黑色；紫红色；褐色；紫红色

2、MnO2+ 4H++ 2Cl--△

Mn2++ Cl2↑+2 H2O

3、湿润；试纸变蓝色；Cl2 + 2I- ==== 2Cl- + I2

4、Cl2 + 2Br- ==== 2Cl- + Br2 ,鼓入热空气或水蒸气，挥发性。

5、萃取；分液漏斗

6、黄色或淡黄色；难溶；微溶；易容，CS2；热的氢氧化钠溶液，同素异形体

7、品红试液或湿润的品红试纸；Br2+2 H2O +SO2 ==== 4H+ + SO42- + 2Br-；H2O +SO2H2 SO3 ; H2 SO3 H+ + HSO3-

8、2H2S + SO2 === 3 S↓+ 2 H2O

9、(1)4 NH3+ 5O2催化剂

△

4 NO + 6 H2O , 2 NO + O 2 ===== 2 NO2

(2)2H2S+ 3O2点燃2SO2 + 2 H2O , 2SO2+ O 2催化剂

加热

2SO3

二、填空题答案：4 9

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