新标准3课文’...

When I look bake on my own childhood in the 1970s and 1980s and compare it with children today ,it reminds me of that famous sentence "the past is a foreign country :They do things differently there"(from L.P.Hartley's novel the Go-Between) Even in a relatively short period of time ,I can see the enormous transformations（转变；彻底改观）that have taken place in children's lives and in the ways they are thought about and treated.

Looking futher back I can see vast differences between contemporary and historical childhoods . Today,children have few responsibilities ,their lives are characterized by play not work,school not paid labour ,family rather than public life and consumption（消耗;消费）instead of production.Yet this is all relatively recent. A hundred year ago ,a 12 year old working in a factory would have been perfectly acceptable .now ,it would cause social services intervention(介入；调停）and the prosecution（起诉；检举）of both parents and the factory owner.

The differences between the expectations placed on children today and those placed on them in the past are neatly summed up by two American writers ,Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English. Comparing childhoods in America today with those of the American colonial period ,they have written :"Today ,a four year old who can tie his or her shoes is impressive.in.In colonial times ,four-year-old girls knitted（编制；纺织）stockings and mittens（连指手套）and could produce intricate （复杂的）embroidery（刺绣）: At age six they spun(纺织）wool（毛线）；

A good ,industrious little girl was called 'Mrs' instead of 'miss' in appreciation of her contribution to the family economy :She was not ,strictly speaking a child"

These changing ideas about children have led many social scientists to claim that childhood is a "social construction ".They use this term to mean that understandings of childhood are not the same everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults ,how they are different and what expectations are placed on them ,change according to the society in which they live.

Social anthropologists(人类学家）have shown this in their studies of peoples with their different understandings of the world to weatern ones.Jean Briggs has worked with the Inuit of the Canadian Arctic and has described how ,within these communities ,growing up is largely seen as a process of acquiring thought ,reason and understanding the external diffcuties facing the community ,such as shortages of food .Because they cant't be reasoned with ,and don't understand ,parents treat them with a great deal of tolerance and leniency. It's only when they are older and begin to acquire thought that parents attempt to teach them or discipline them.

In contrast ,children on the Pacific island of Tonga, studied by Helen Morton ,are regularly beaten by their parents and older siblings .They are seen as being closer to mad people than adults because they lack the highly prized quality of social competence (or poto as the Tongans call it ). They are regularly told off for being clumsy and a child who falls over may be laughed at , shoted at ,or besten .Children are thought of as mischievous ; they cry or want to feed simply because they are naughty, and beatings are at their most severe between the ages of three and five when children are seen as particularly wilful.Parents believe that social competence can only be achieved through discipline and physical punishment ,and treat their childen in ways that have seemed very harsh to outsiders .

In other cases ,ideas about children are radically different .For example,the Beng ,a small ethnic group in West Arrica, assume that very young children know and understand eberything that is said to them, in whatever language they are addressed, The Beng ,who've been extensively studied by another anthropologist,Alma Gottlieb,believe in a spirit world where children have

many friends there and are often very reluctant to leave it for an earthly family (a fictional account of a spirit child's journey between the spirit and the earthly world is given in Ben Okri's novel.The Famished Road)When they are born ,they remian in contact with this other world for several years, and may decide to return there if they are not properly looked after.So parents treat yong chidren with great care so that they're not tempted to return ,and alsowith some reverence,because they're in contact with the spirit world in a way that adults aren't.

There's a tendency to view children in the UK,and in the Western world in general,as incompetent and dependent.But this isn't the case throughout the world.In many societies children work and contribute to the family in whatever way they can from a very early age. A good example of this is childcare. In the UK,it is not the case, Michelle Johnson has written about the Fulani of West Africa describing how by the age of four , girls are expected to be able to care for their younger siblings,fetch water and firewood and by the age of six will be pounding grain,producing milk and butter and selling these alongside their mothers in the market.

Across the world, among the Yanamamo of the Amazonian rainforest,another anthropologist, Napoleon Chagnon,has shown how different these children's childhoods are from Western ones ,and also how differently boys and girls grow up in comparison with other parts of the world.He has written how a yanamamo girl is expected to help her mother from a young age and by the age of ten will be runing a house.By the age of 12 or 13 she is probably married and will have started to have babies.Boys on the other hand ,have far fewer responsibilities.They don't marry until later than girls and are allowed to play well into their teens,Western notions of childhood simply do not "fit" in these cases ,where children's competence and responsibilities are understood very differently.

Social anthropologists ask questions about how childhood ,and the role of children ,is seen within the communities they study,rather than how it fits into Western ideas about childhood.By doing this they seek to avoid imposing outside ideas onto people with very different understandings of the world or making value judgments on other people's ways of raising their children.While westerners might take exception to eight-year-old girls working or to 12-year-old girls marrying,within their own communities such activities are seen as a nomal and positive part of childhood.Indeed,seen through the years of non-westerners,many"normal"western childcare practices are seen as extremely bizarre and possibly harmful to children. Placing children in rooms of their own,refusing to feed them on demand,or letting them cry rather than immedistely tending to them,are viewed very negatively in many societies and lead some to think that westerners don't know how to look after children properly.

Childhood is a changing social phenomenon,of continual fascination and concern.Looking at it from a cross-cultural perspective shows the wide variety of childhoods that exist across the world and warns against interfering in or criticizing people whose lives ,and understandings of the world,are very different to our own.All societies recognize that children are different to adults and have particular qualities and needs;what anthropologists and other social scientists are interested in are the ideas that each society has about the nature of childhood and the impact these views have on children's lives.

新标准第五册全册英文教案

新标准第五册全册英文教案 全册教材分析 <新标准英语>供三年级起始用第五册是供五年级上学期使用的，是外研社和英国麦克米伦公司共同推出的我国第一套中小学一条龙英语教。.这套教材是根据教育部制定的<国家英语课程标准>和<小学英语教学基本要求>编写而成的。 本教材的设计和编写体现了外语教学思想的继承和发展。在分析、研究许多种国内外小学英语教材的基础上，取其精华，博材众长，形成了本套教材特有的编写体系。同时又吸收了国内外英语作为外语教学的理论和成功经验，把这些教学理论和实践经验同我国的小学外语教学实际相结合，以形成我国小学英语的外语教学模式和教学方法。 本册教材具有以下特点： １、注重学生语言运用能力的培养，突出语言的实践性和交际性，同时也突出语言的真实性和实用性。 ２、注重学生自学能力和学习策略的培养，为学生进一步学习或终身学习奠定基础。 ３、注重中外方化的双向交流，使学生通过学习，培养未来跨方化交际所需要的能力。 ４、注重学习兴趣的培养，以不同方式最大限度地激发学生的学习动机。 ５、注重融合学科内容，加强学科之间的整合和渗透，让学生通过英语学习来获得其他学科的知识。 ６、注重教材的灵活性和可操作性，以满足不同层次学生的要求。 ７、注重教学资料的配套，为学生提供良好的学习环境，帮助学生拓展自我发展空间。 ８、注重中小学各阶段的衔接，以保证各学段的顺利过渡，全面提高中小学英语教学的质量。

在本册中，我们要跟着Lingling 和Smart一家去英国访问，并了解一引起关于英国的情况。在本册中将继续学习讲述过去发生的事情，还要学习谈论物品的归属，描述能力，表达允许或不允许做某事，开始比较系统地复习归纳单词的读音，从而初步了解英语的一些语音规则。同时还将开始学习如何完成语句，从现在到小学结束要逐步学习独立地写出完整的语句。 教学重点：讲述过去发生的事情；谈论物品的归属；描述能力；表达允许或不允许做某事；如何完成语句等。 教学难点：完成语句 教时：40课时

新标准大学英语3unit2CulturalChildhoods原文译文

Cultural Childhoods不同文化的童年 1 When I look back on my own childhood in the 1970s and 1980s and compare it with children today, it reminds me of that famous sentence "The past is a foreign country: They do things differently there" (from L. P. Hartley's novel The Go-Between). Even in a relatively short period of time, I can see the enormous transformations that have taken place in children's lives and in the ways they are thought about and treated. 每当我回顾20世纪七八十年代我的童年时光，并将它与现在孩子的童年相比较时，就会想起句名言：“往昔是异国他乡，那里有着不同的习俗”（可参见L.P.哈特利的小说《传信人》）。甚至在相对短暂的一段时间内，我也能够察觉到儿童的生活以及人们对待儿童的方式上所经历的巨大变化。 2.Looking further back I can see vast differences between contemporary and historical childhoods. Today, children have few responsibilities, their lives are characterized by play not work, school not paid labour, family rather than public life and consumption instead of production. Yet this is all relatively recent. A hundred years ago, a 12 year old working in a factory would have been perfectly acceptable. Now, it would cause social services' intervention and the prosecution of both parents and factory owner. 回顾更久远的岁月，我可以看到现在和古代童年生活的巨大差别。如今的儿童责任很少，他们生活的主要内容是玩耍而非工作，上学而非劳动，在家里呆着而不是和外界交往，消费而非生产。这种变化也是最近才显现出来的。一百年前，12 岁的孩子在工厂打工是完全可以接受的事情，而现在，这会招来社会服务机构的介入，其父母和工厂主会被起诉。 3. The differences between the expectations placed on children today and those placed on them in the past are neatly summed up by two American writers, Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English. Comparing childhoods in America today with those of the American colonial period (1600–1776), they have written: "Today, a four year old who can tie his or her shoes is impressive. In colonial times, four-year-old girls knitted stockings and mittens and could produce intricate embroidery: At age six they spun wool. A good, industrious little girl was called 'Mrs‘instead of 'Miss' in appreciation of her contribution to the family economy: She was not, strictly speaking, a child." 有两位美国作家，芭芭拉·埃伦里奇和迪尔德丽·英格利希，她们简要地概括了过去和现在人们对儿童的期待的差异。在比较美国现在的儿童和殖民地时期（1600–1776）的儿童时，她们写道：“今天，如果一个四岁的孩子能自己系鞋带就很了不起了。而在殖民地时期，四岁的女孩会织长筒袜和连指手套，能做复杂的刺绣，六岁就能纺毛线了。一个善良勤快的女孩被称为‘夫人’而不是‘小姐’，这是为了表彰她对家庭经济的贡献，严格说来她不是一个孩子了。” 4 These changing ideas about children have led many social scientists to claim that childhood is a "social construction". They use this term to mean that understandings of childhood are not the same everywhere and that while all societies acknowledge that children are different from adults, how they are different and what expectations are placed on them, change according to the society in which they live. 对儿童的看法不断变化着，这使得许多社会科学家宣称童年是一种“社会建构”。他们用这个术语来说明不同的地区对童年的理解是不一样的，虽然所有社会都承认儿童与成年人有区别，至于他们之间有何不同，人们对儿童又有何期待，不同的社会给出了不一样的答案。

新视野大学英语3课文翻译

新视野大学英语3课文翻译 第一课无限的爱 我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产，因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后，我出生了。 从此以后，我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。 伴随我成长的，是“到外面去玩，把你哥哥也带上。” 不带上他，我是哪里也去不了的。因此，我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来，尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。 我母亲教吉米学习日常自理，比如刷牙或系皮带什么的。 我父亲宅心仁厚，他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。 我则负责外面的事，找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母，告他们的状，为我哥哥讨回公道。 父亲和吉米形影不离。 他们一道吃早饭，平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心，他们都在那里工作，吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。 晚饭后，他们一道交谈，玩游戏，直到深夜。 他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。 所以，父亲1991年因心脏病去世时，吉米几乎崩溃了，尽管他尽量不表现出来。 他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。 通常，他是一个令人愉快的人，现在却一言不发，无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。 我雇了一个人和他住在一起，开车送他去上班。然而，不管我怎么努力地维持原状，吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。 有一天，我问他：“你是不是想念爸爸？” 他的嘴唇颤抖了几下，然后问我：“你怎么看，玛格丽特？他是我最好的朋友。” 接着，我俩都流下了眼泪。 六个月后，母亲因肺癌去世，剩下我一人来照顾吉米。 吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着，因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。 我走到哪里他就跟到哪里，他好像适应得很好。 但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里，继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。 此事最后做成了。 如今，他在那里生活了11年，在许多人的照料下，同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。 他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。 如果你有邮件要收，或有狗要遛，他就是你所要的人。 当然，母亲的话没错：可以有一个家，既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。

新标准英语第五册

新标准英语第五册Module 4 Unit1 It’s mine教学设计 一、教学目标： （1）语言知识目标：A、掌握单词mine/yours/hers/his。B、掌握句型It’s mine/yours/hers/his 。 （2）语言技能目标：使学生在语境、合作、交流中体会、理解mine/yours/hers/his的意思，并能用I t’s mine/yours/hers/his表明物品的所属关系。 二、教学重点：能清晰准确地发出本课所教单词的音。 三、教学难点：理解运用名词性物主代词mine; yours; his; hers；Ling ling’s。 四、教学准备：教学图片、录音机 五、教学过程： （一）热身 T：Hello! Boys and girls! Good morning! First, let’s play the“Simon says”game. If you’re wron g, you’ll stand here and replace me. Clear? T：Now, let’s beg in, Simon says touch your ear. Simon says point to your head. Nod you head. Simon says touch your partner’s shoulder. Point to her desk. Simon says pick up you pen and say it’s my pen. … T：OK! You’re wonderful! （通过游戏活跃课堂气氛并复习形容词性物主代词，为学习名词性物主代词作铺垫。） (二)呈现mine, yours, his, hers. It’s mine/yours/hers/his. It isn’t mine/yours/hers/his T：Where is my coat? I feel a little cold.（教师事先放一件外套在教室某个角落） S：Oh, It’s your coat. Here you are! T：Thank you! Oh, It’s my coat! It’s mine. Now, boys and girls, please touch your coat and say“It’s my coat, it’s mine. ” Read one more time. T：It’s my coat, it’s mine.(板书) T：Who can use “book”make a sentence like this. Who can try? S1：It’s my book, it’s mine. T：Clever boy! Any more?

新标准大学英语综合教程3课文summary

↓↓↓ 大英3课文Summary UNIT 1 1.1 catching crabs In the fall of our final year,our mood changed.The relaxed atmosphere had disappeared, and peer group pressure to work hard was strong. Meanwhile,at the back of everyone’s mind was what we would do next after graduation. As for me,I wanted to travel,and I wanted to be a writer.I braced myself for some resistance to the idea from my father,who wanted me to go to law school,and follow his path through life. However,he supported what I wanted but he made me think about it by watching the crabs.The cage was full of crabs. One of them was trying to escape,but each time it reached the top the other crabs pulled it back.In the end it gave up lengthy struggle to escape and started to prevent other crabs from escaping.By watching crabs,my father told me not to be pulled back by others,and to get to know himself better. 1.2We are all dying Life is short.We never quite know when we become coffin dwellers or trampled ash in the rose garden of some local ceremony.So there’s no p oint in putting our dreams on the back burner until the right time arrives.Now is the time to do what we want to do. Make the best of our short stay and fill our life with the riches on offer so that when the reaper arrives,we’ve achieved much instead of regrets. UNIT 2 2.1superman The extract from Johnny Panic and the Bible of Dreams by Sylvia Plath is a combination of her real life and imaginary life in her childhood.In the real life,Plath was a winner of the prize for drawing the best Civil Defense signs,lived by an airport and had an Uncle who bore resemblance to Superman.In her imagination,the airport was her Mecca and Jerusalem because of her flying dreams.Superman fulfilled her dream at the moment. David Stirling,a bookish boy,also worship Superman.During the recess at school,he and the author played Superman https://www.wendangku.net/doc/3a3841236.html,pared with their school-mates who played the routine games,they felt they were outlaws but had a sense of windy superiority.They also found a stand-in,Sheldon Fein, who later invented tortures. 2.2cultual childhoods Historically,childhood has undergone enormous transformations in terms of children’s responsibilities and parental expectations.Culturally,childhood is socially constructed.The interplay of history and cultural leads to different understanding of childhood,consequently it is advisable not to impose ideas from one culture to understand childhood in another culture. UNIT 3 3.1how we listen For the sake of clarify,we split up the process of listening to music into three hypothetical planes.Firstly,the sensuous plane.It is a kind of brainless but attractive state of mind engendered

全新版大学英语综合教程3课文原文及翻译6-8

unit 6 The Last Leaf When Johnsy fell seriously ill, she seemed to lose the will to hang on to life. The doctor held out little hope for her. Her friends seemed helpless. Was there nothing to be done? 约翰西病情严重，她似乎失去了活下去的意志。医生对她不抱什么希望。朋友们看来也爱莫能助。难道真 的就无可奈何了吗？ 1 At the top of a three-story brick building, Sue and Johnsy had their studio. "Johnsy" was familiar for Joanna. One was from Maine; the other from California. They had met at a cafe on Eighth Street and found their tastes in art, chicory salad and bishop sleeves so much in tune that the joint studio resulted. 在一幢三层砖楼的顶层，苏和约翰西辟了个画室。“约翰西”是乔安娜的昵称。她们一位来自缅因州，一 位来自加利福尼亚。两人相遇在第八大街的一个咖啡馆，发现各自在艺术品味、菊苣色拉，以及灯笼袖等方面趣 味相投，于是就有了这个两人画室。 2 That was in May. In November a cold, unseen stranger, whom the doctors called Pneumonia, stalked about the district, touching one here and there with his icy fingers. Johnsy was among his victims. She lay, scarcely moving on her bed, looking through the small window at the blank side of the next brick house. 那是5月里的事。到了11月，一个医生称之为肺炎的阴森的隐形客闯入了这一地区，用它冰冷的手指东 碰西触。约翰西也为其所害。她病倒了，躺在床上几乎一动不动，只能隔着小窗望着隔壁砖房那单调沉闷的侧墙。 3 One morning the busy doctor invited Sue into the hallway with a bushy, gray eyebrow. 一天上午，忙碌的医生扬了扬灰白的浓眉，示意苏来到过道。 4 "She has one chance in ten," he said. "And that chance is for her to want to live. Your little lady has made up her mind that she's not going to get well. Has she anything on her mind? “她只有一成希望，”他说。“那还得看她自己是不是想活下去。你这位女朋友已经下决心不想好了。她有 什么心事吗？” 5 "She -- she wanted to paint the Bay of Naples some day," said Sue. “她――她想有一天能去画那不勒斯湾，”苏说。 6 "Paint? -- bosh! Has she anything on her mind worth thinking about twice -- a man, for instance?" “画画？――得了。她有没有别的事值得她留恋的――比如说，一个男人？” 7 "A man?" said Sue. "Is a man worth -- but, no, doctor; there is nothing of the kind." “男人？”苏说。“难道一个男人就值得――可是，她没有啊，大夫，没有这码子事。” 8 "Well," said the doctor. "I will do all that science can accomplish. But whenever my patient begins to count the carriages in her funeral procession I subtract 50 per cent from the curative power of medicines." After the doctor had gone Sue went into the workroom and cried. Then she marched into Johnsy's room with her drawing board, whistling a merry tune. “好吧，”大夫说。“我会尽一切努力，只要是科学能做到的。可是，但凡病人开始计算她出殡的行列里有 几辆马车的时候，我就要把医药的疗效减去一半。”大夫走后，苏去工作室哭了一场。随后她携着画板大步走进 约翰西的房间，口里吹着轻快的口哨。 9 Johnsy lay, scarcely making a movement under the bedclothes, with her face toward the window. She was looking out and counting -- counting backward. 约翰西躺在被子下几乎一动不动，脸朝着窗。她望着窗外，数着数――倒数着数！ 10 "Twelve," she said, and a little later "eleven"; and then "ten," and "nine"; and then "eight" and "seven," almost together. “12，”她数道，过了一会儿“11”，接着数“10”和“9”；再数“8”和“7”，几乎一口同时数下来。 11 Sue looked out of the window. What was there to count? There was only a bare, dreary yard to be seen, and the blank side of the brick house twenty feet away. An old, old ivy vine climbed half way up the brick wall. The cold breath of autumn had blown away its leaves, leaving it almost bare. 苏朝窗外望去。外面有什么好数的呢？外面只看到一个空荡荡的沉闷的院子，还有20英尺开外那砖房的侧墙，上面什么也没有。一棵古老的常青藤爬到半墙高。萧瑟秋风吹落了枝叶，藤上几乎光秃秃的。

新标准大学英语_综合教程3_课后答案unit 3

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人教版英语课本第五册上

Unit One What’s he like? This is Amy. She’s quiet. She’s very hard-working. That is Wu Yifan. He’s very clever. He’s polite, too. Hello. My name is Oliver. Hi. Ms Wang will be our new Chinese teacher. What’s she like? She’s very kind. Is she strict? Yes, sometimes. We have a new PE teacher. He’s a good football player. Cool! Do you know Mr. Young? No, I don’t. who is he? He’s our music teacher. Is he young? No, he isn’t. He’s old. Is he funny? Yes, he is. Great! I like funny teachers. Who’s your English teacher? Miss White. Is she kind? (tall, funny, old, friendly, quiet, young) Yes, she is. Who’s your art teacher? (music, science, English, maths, Chinese, PE) Mr. Jones. Is he young? (old, young, funny, kind, strict) Yes, he is. Who’s Mrs. Smith? She’s the head teacher. She’s tall. She’s strict. Hey, Ms Wang will be our new Chinese teacher. Really? What’s she like? She’s kind. Is she strict?Yes, sometimes. Do you know her? Yes. She’s my mother! Haha. Cool! What’s Chen Jie like? She’s quiet. (funny, kind, strict, clever, friendly, nice, hard-working) What’s Wu Yifan like? He’s hard-working. (helpful, shy, polite) I have a robot! His name is Robin. My grandpa made him. Robin is short but strong. He is really clever. He can speak Chinese and English. He is hard-working. He is very helpful at home. He is strict, too. He makes me finish my homework! Our new PE teacher will come today!\ Really? What’s he like? I only know he’s a good football player. He must be tall and strong! Shoot! Oh, no! I missed! Can I join you? You’re very thin and so short. Can you play football? Sure. Let me show you. Ten to three! We win! You’re great! Our new PE teacher is a great football player, too. I am your new PE teacher. Words: old 老的，年老的 young 年轻的 funny 滑稽的，可笑的 kind 体贴的，慈祥的strict 严厉的 polite 有礼貌的hard-working 勤奋的 helpful 有用的clever 聪明的 shy 害羞的 know知道，了解 our 我们的 Ms 女士 will 将要 sometimes有时候 robot机器人 him他 speak 讲，说 finish 完成

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2009—20010学年度第一学期五年级5-7班英语教学计划 一．基本情况分析： 本学期我担任五年级5至7班的英语教学工作，每班每周三节课。每班56人，本学期学习新标准英语第五册教材，教材难度还可以，学生具备一定的英语基础。在授课时应充分估计困难，多方面调动学生的学习积极性，和学生一起顺利完成任务。 二．教学目标： 1、基础知识：能正确运用每个模块要求掌握的重点句型、单词，并灵活运用旧知识与新知识的结合；能充分发挥Let’s practice 的练兵场作用，正确运用每个单元要求掌握的词组、句型自由会话，能正确流畅的表演课文、理解课文，能准确书写每个单元的四会内容。 2、教材运用：正确处理知识与技能、学得与习得、听说与读写、输入与输出、功能与结构等关系，为学生的外语学习的长期可持续发展打下良好的基础。 3、贯彻教材的理念宗旨：以题材为纲，功能、结构、运用任务为目的，着重培养学生运用英语的能力，以运用英语的任务为载体，重视利于儿童身心的可持续发展和终身学习能力的形成。 三．教材分析： 1、本学期学习新标准英语第五册全册，共十个模块外加一个复习模块，要求三会掌握96个单词，四会掌握40多个单词，以及每个模块所体现的基本语法形式，看图说话、课文故事训练，以及供若干任

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