现在完成时精讲及练习题 新28号
现在完成时（一）
教材典句(八年级下册第八单元)
1.—Have you read Little Women (小妇人) yet?
—No,I haven ’t.Have you?
—Yes,I ’ve already read it.
2.I chose Treasure Island (金银岛),but I haven ’t finished reading it yet.
3.—Have you decided which book to write about yet?
—Yes,I have.I ’ve already finished reading it.It was really good.
以上句子，主要围绕着现在完成时的肯定句、否定句及一般疑问句等句式展开，并形象鲜明地展现了现在完成时的各种标志词及一些特殊的用法。
(一)现在完成时的定义：
1.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
—It ’s so dark.
—Someone has turned off the light.(有人把灯关了,对现在造成的结果是：现在很黑)
2.表示从过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作和状态。(常与since+过去时间
2003 now
eg:I have lived here for ten years .(一段时间:从十年前开始，持续到现在还住在这儿) eg:I have lived here since 2003.(一段时间:从2003年开始，持续到现在还住在这儿)
(二)构成及句式转换：
助动词have/has+过去分词
’t ①I have finished my homework.(肯定句) ’t ②I have not finished my homework.(否定句) Have you finished your homework?(疑问句)
… … Yes,I have./No,I haven ’t(肯/否定回答) … …? (三)动词过去分词的变化规则：
(四)现在完成时的标志词：
1.常与just,already,yet,ever,never,before,so far 等连用,强调动作的完成,不强调动作的持续。
eg:Have you ever been to Japan?
I have just finished my homework.
2.for+时间段；since+过去的时间点；since+段时间ago ；since+一般过去式的句子。 eg:They have known each other for five years .
Since he was a child,he has lived in England.
(五)already与yet的用法集锦：
1.already意为”已经”。
常用于完成时的肯定句中，放在助动词have/has后，过去分词前或句尾。
eg:I have already red the book.
Some visitors have come already.
也可用于疑问句中，表示期望得到肯定的回答、惊异或明知故问等感情色彩,already 常放在句末。
eg:Has the little boy already got home alone?(表惊异)
(此外)陈述客观事实的情况下，already也可用于一般现在时或一般过去时。( ) eg:He is already a middle school student.(一般现在时)
2.yet的用法：
(1)yet用于完成时的疑问句中，意为”已经”,用来询问说话人期待发生的事情是否已
经发生。通常放于句末。
eg:Have you found your ruler yet?
John,have you finished that report yet?
(2)yet也可用于完成时的否定句，意为”还”，表示说话人期待发生的事情尚未发生。
通常放于句末。
eg:I haven’t found my ruler yet.
John hasn’t finished that report yet and I asked him for it three days ago.
(此外) (3)yet还可用作连词，意为”然而”，通常位于并列句的后一个分句的句首。
eg:Though she was very tired,yet she didn’t want to give up.
(4)already与yet的转换：在现在完成时的句子中，含有already的陈述句变为否定
句或疑问句时，要把already改为yet，并放于句末。
eg:I have already finished reading the book.
I haven’t finished reading the book yet.(否定句)
eg:The children have already come back home.
Have the children come back home yet?
语法专练
1.—Dave,we will leave in ten minutes.Are you ready?
—No,I our guide book and towels yet.
A.don’t pack
B.didn’t pack
C.have packed
D.haven’t packed
(从过去到现在还没准备好，是对现在的一种影响，且有完成时的标志词yet,由此可知用现在完成时)
2.Ben is a foreign teacher.so far,he in Shiyan for five years.
A.was teaching
B.has taught
C.will teach
D.taught
3.Mr. Wang isn’t here.I think he Guiyang.
A.has gone to
B.has been to
C.goes
D.went
4. Have you ever been to Zhangjiajie? Yes,I .
A.do
B.have
C.was
D.did
5. Have you ever been to Shanghai?
Yes,I there with my father last year.
A.went
B.have been
C.have gone
D.has been
6. Would you like to watch the 3D film Titanic with me?
Certainly.I don’t mind seeing it again although I it twice.
A.saw
B.was seen
C.have seen
D.had seen
7.—Where is your father?
—He Australia and he Sydney for two weeks.
A.has been to;has been in
B.has gone to;has been in
B.has been in;has been to D.has gone to;has been to
8.—Will you go and see the movie Net Mother(网络妈妈) with me?
—Thank you.But I it already.
A.saw
B.have seen
C.see
D.will see
9.—May I speak to Mr Smith?
—Sorry,he isn’
A.has been to C.has been away D.has left
10.I began watching here an hour ago,but now nothing yet.
A.happens
B.will happen
C.happened
D.has happened
11.—have you lived with your grandparents?
—About three years.
A.How long
B.How many
C.How much
D.How often
12.He took up my cellphone and made a long distance call as if the phone him.
A.belonged to
B.was belonging to
C.was belonged to
D.had been belonged to
现在完成时(二)
教材典句(八年级下册第九单元)
1. Have you ever been to a science museum?
2.I’ve been to the art museum many times.
3.I’ve never been to a water park.
1.构成:含有be动词的现在完成的谓语部分由”have/has(助动词)+been”构成。
2.含有be动词的现在完成时态的基本句式
(1)肯定式:主语+have/has+been+其他
(2)否定式:主语+have’t/hasn’t+been+其他
(3)一般疑问句:Have/has+主语+been+其他?
肯定的简略回答:Yes,主语+have/has.
否定的简略回答:No,主语+have/has not.
(4)特殊疑问句:疑问词+have/has+主语+been+其他?
3.用法:用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果却和现在有联系:动作和状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在，可以和never、ever、once、twice、three/four……times 等副词(短语)连用。
eg:They have been to Beijing. (肯定句)
They have never been there. (否定式)
Have you ever been to Singapore? (疑问句)
She has been to Shanghai.(现在不在上海)
She has gone to Shanghai.(现在已在上海或在途中)
5.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别:
一般过去时:表示过去发生的动作或存在状态
常与表示具体的过去的时间状语连用，如:yesterday,last year,……ago,in 1990,
In October,just now等。
现在完成时:表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果(强调的是现在的情况) 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语有:ever,never,just,yet,in the past/last few years,
recently(最近),so far/by far(到目前为止)等。
eg:I saw this film yesterday.(一般过去时:强调看的动作已经发生)
I have seen this film.(现在完成时:强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道)
eg:Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.(×)
Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.(√)
语法专项
1.Sanya is a beautiful city.I there twice.
A.have gone
B.have been
C.have gone to
D.have been
2.—Where is Bob?
—He to Harbin for a meeting.
A.went
B.has been
C.has gone
3.—Where is your father,tom?
—He to Changsha.
A.goes
B.has been
C.has gone
D.went
4.—Have you ever been to Shanghai?
—Yes,I there a few months ago.
A.have been
B.went
C.have gone
D.will go
5.I to Hainan twice.It’s beautiful.
A.will go
B.have gone
C.have been
D.went
6.—You have’t been to the West Lake,have you?
’t B.No,I didn’t C.Yes,I have D.Yes,I did
现在完成时(三)
教材典句(八年级下册第十单元)
1.—How long have you had that bike over there?
—I’ve had it for three years.
2.I’ve had them since I was a child.
3.He’s(has的缩写) owned it since his forth birthday.
(含有how long,for与since的现在完成时,此时的现在完成时有什么用法，句中的动词又有什么特点)
语法全解:
1.现在完成时的用法:表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示”从过
去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如:
(1)for+一段时间eg:I have known Bob for three years.
(2)since+过去时间点eg:Mr Black has taught in China since 2000.
(3)since+过去时的从句eg:She has taught us since I came to this school.
(4)since+一段时间+ago eg:They have been hungry since three years ago.
(5)how long eg:How long have you been here?
2.句中动词的特点:
此中用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词(否定句除外)
注意:非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。
eg:I haven’t bought anything for two months.
(1)I’ve bought the book for three years.(×)(“bought”是一个短暂性动词)
I’ve had the book for three years.(√)
(2)How long has your elder brother joined the army? (×)( “joined”是一个短暂性动词)
How long has your elder brother been in the army/been a soldier? (√)
3.延续性动词与非延续性动词
延续性动词:表经验、经历
eg:I’ve known him since then.(表经历)
非延续性动词:表行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用
eg:He has finished the work.(表结果)
用法：(1)非延续性动词与短暂性时间(点)连用
eg:He joined the league three years ago.(他三年前入得团)
(2)用”It is/has been+时间段+since……”
eg:It is/has been three years since I bought the book.(从买这本书到现在已有3年了)
(3)用相应的延续性动词替换非延续性动词,句子用现在完成时,时间状语为”for+时间段”
或”since+时间点”/”since+(过去时)从句”/”since+一段时间+ago”.
eg:The old man died 4 years ago.=The old man has been dead for 4 years.
I borrowed the book 5 days ago.=I have kept the book since 5 days ago.
转换：1.非延续性动词也被称为终止性动词、瞬间性动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。
如:open,die,close,begin,finish,come,go,move,borrow,lend,buy等。在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用,如:two years ago,at five o’clock.
eg:He died five years ago.
2. 延续性动词表示能够延续的动作。
如:learn,work,stand,lie,know(认识),walk,watch,sing,read,sleep,live,stay等。可以
与表示时间段的状语连用。如:for+时间段/since+时间点/since+过去时从句/
Since+一段时间+ago/how long等。
(1)非延续性动词转化为相应的延续性动词,用于现在完成时态。
borrow-keep buy-have catch a cold-have a cold
put on-wear get to know-know get to sleep-sleep
(2)转化为”be+形/副/介/名词”。
begin/start-be on go out-be out get to/arrive/reach-be(in)
die-be dead open-be open leave-be away
finish-be over fall ill-be ill get up-be up
fall asleep-be asleep join-be in/be a member of
go to school-be in school become-be
make friends-be friends come/go-be+相应的介词短语
close-be closed go to bed-be in bed
语法专项
1.She this book for nearly three weeks.
A.has borrowed
B.has lent
C.has bought
D.has kept
2.How time flies!Several years since we started our middle school life.We will keep
The pleasant experiences in our minds.(表示时间的复数名词或短语作主语时,谓动用单数)
A.have pass
B.has passed
C.will pass
3.Ten years has passed the CCTV event People Who Moved China took place in 2002.
A.when
B.while
C.before
D.since
(since引导的主从复合句,主现(现在完成)从过(一般过去))
4.The volunteers a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years.
A.offered
B.will offer
C.are offering
D.have offered
5.My aunt is a waiter.She more than ten books since 1980.
A.writes
B.wrote
C.has written
D.will write
6.—How long have you the book?
—For three days.
A.borrowed
B.kept
C.lent
D.bought
7.—How long has the film been on?
—twenty minutes.
A.Before
B.After
C.For
D.Since
8.Our teachers are very friendly to us.We friends since three years ago.
A.have been
B.have become
C.would be
9.Jeff borrowed a history book from his friend.He it for a week.
A.has borrowed
B.has lent
C.has kept
10.Jack has the new bike for a month.He loves it very much.
A.borrowed
B.bought
C.had
11.Mingming is a good boy.He in the league since 2013.
A.has joined
B.has been
C.joined
12.””“For three years.”
A.lent C.bought
13.””“For two weeks.”
A.borrow
14.Lucy’
A.has died
15.When I arrived at the office,the meeting for ten minutes.
A.had been on
B.has begun
C.has started
16.He is going to our school for two weeks.
A.leave
B.left
C.be away from
D.leaves
17.Our English teacher is very nice. We friends since three years ago.
A.were
B.became
C.have been
D.has made
18.Our teachers are very friendly to us. We friends since three years ago.
A.have been
B.have become
C.would be
现在完成时专题练习
C.had made
D.makes
C.had made
D.makes
A.read
B.reads
C.has read
D.would read
13.—you your dinner?
—Yes,I it at school.
A.Did;have;had
B.Have;had;had D.did;have;have had
14.Great changes in my hometown these years.
A.have taken place
B.has taken place
C.took place
15.The old man here since he came to the city.
B.has lived
C.has moved
现在完成时练习题及答案
现在完成时 一、其构成 "助动词have (has) +动词过去分词"构成现在完成时。如： 1. Kate's never seen Chinese films，____ ? A. hasn't she B. has she C. isn't she D. is she 析：陈述句部分含否定词never,简略问句部分要用肯定式，又因Kate's是Kate has的缩写，故选B。 2. His uncle has already posted the photos to him. (改为否定句) His uncle ______ posted the photos to him ______. 析：already常用在肯定句中，yet常用在否定句、疑问句中，故填hasn't, yet。 3. -Ann has gone to Shanghai. -So ______her parents. A. has B. had C. did D. have 析："so+助/系/情态动词+主语"结构中的动词形式应与前句结构中动词形式保持一致，又后句的主语为her parents是复数,故选D。 二、其用法与标志词 (一)当句中有never, ever, just, already, yet, before等时，常用现在完成时。如： 1. -Mum, may I go out and play basketball? -___________ your homework yet? A. Do; finish B. Are; finishing C. Did; finish D. Have; finished 2. -______ you ______anywhere before? -Yes, but I can't remember where I______ A. Did; surf; surfed B. Have; surfed; surfed C. Did; surf; have surfed D. Have; surfed; have surfed 析：据yet和before可知,应用现在完成时，故1题选D，2题选D。 (二)当句中有"for +段时间"或"since +点时间"等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，要改为延续性动词或表状态的词(短语)。如： 1. His brother has been to Stone Forest twice______he came to Yunnan. A. after B. before C. since D. for 析：主句用的是现在完成时，而从句用的是一般过去时，故选C。 2. Tom______the CD player for two weeks. A. has lent B. has borrowed C. has bought D. has had 析：A、B、C均为非延续性动词，在肯定句中不与表"段时间"的短语连用，故选D。3. I______a letter from him since he left. A. didn't receive B. haven't got C. didn't have D. haven't heard 析：据since可知，应排除A、C，"hear from sb.=receive/get/have a letter from sb."意为"收到某人的来信"，故选B。 三、have/has been (to, in)/have/has gone (to)的区别。如： 1. -Have you ever______Lintong to see the Terra Cotta Warriors?-Yes, I have. A. went to B. gone to C. been in D. been to 析：据句中的have，排除A，B项意为"去某地了"，C项意为"一直呆在某地"，D项意为"去过某地"，符合题意，故选D。 2. My parents ______ Shangdong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 析：本题句中有"for+段时间"结构，据此可排除C，B项意为"去过某地"，不合题意，D项缺介词，故选A。 四、现在完成时与其他时态的联系和区别。如： 1. Sun's aunt has gone there for ten years.(改成正确的句子) 析：非延续性动词与"段时间"连用时，除了把非延续性动词改成延续性动词外，还可把动词改为一般过去时或借助句型"It's +段时间+since+从句"进行句子转换。故答案为：Sun's aunt has been there for ten years. /Sun's aunt went there ten years ago. /It's ten years since Sun's aunt went there. 2. Susan has been in this city for more than ten years.(改为同义句) ________more than ten years ____Susan ______to this city. 析：据上题分析，且since引导的从句要用一般过去时，故填It is, since, came。 3. I won't go to the concert because I ____my ticket. A. lost B. don't lose C. have lost D. is coming 析：因我丢了票的动作发生在过去，而且对现在造成了我不能参加音乐会的结果，符合现在完成时所表示的含意，故选C。 一、单项选择 1、Both his parents look sad. Maybe they _______what’s happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ. will know 2、He has _______ been to Shanghai, has he?
最新现在完成时讲义及练习
Grammar语法:simple present tense 现在完成时 A表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I am doing my homework. I have done my homework. B表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在，而且可能还要继续下去。 I’ve known Alice for three years. 现在完成时的构成： 主语+have/has +动词的过去分词. I have done my homework. 1.否定：have, has后面加not . I have not done my homework. 2.一般疑问句：have, has提到主语前Have you done your homework? 区别： has gone to:表示某人已去了某地，而没有回来(去了没回) has been to :表示去过某地(去过已回来) has been in/at(in表示相对大一些的地点;at表示相对小一些的地点): 表示一直呆在某地,常与时间段搭配. since+时间点=for+时间段since+一般过去时态的时间状语从句=since+时间点+ago
现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用 already(肯定句中)，yet(否定，疑问，句末)，just(刚刚), before(之前), recently(最近), still, lately, never等: I have already finished my work. I haven’t finished my work yet.(否定句) Have you finished your work yet?(一般疑问句) 动词过去式和过去分词的变化相同 一般在动词词尾直接ed. 如：pick → picked → picked; wish → wished → wished; stay → stayed → stayed A-A-A: let → let → let; put → put → put; read → read → read, cut→cut→cut A-B-B: lend → lent → lent; build → built → built; send → sent → sent buy → bought → bought; bring → brought → brought; A-B-C: choose→chose→chosen do→did→done see→saw→seen drink→drank→drunk go→went→gone take→took→taken A-B-A: run→ran→run come→came→come
八年级英语下册-现在完成时态的讲解与练习-人教新目标版
现在完成时讲解与练习 1.构成现在完成时是由助动词 have(has)+动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和 主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。 2.用法 （1）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被just、already、yet 等副词修饰。如： -Have you had lunch yet -Yes,I have. I've just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗我刚刚吃过。（现 在我不饿了） （2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for和since等 表示一段时间的状语。\ 如：He has taught here since 1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教） I have't seen her for four years. 我有四年没见到她了。 3．结构 1）．陈述句结构：主语＋have( has)（not）+过去分词＋其它。have not=h aven’t has not=hasn’t. 2）．一般疑问句结构：Have( Has )＋主语＋过去分词＋其它 3）．特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋have(has) +主语+ 过去分词＋其它 eg. He has already finished his homework. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. Has he finished his homework yet --Yes, he has./ No, he hasn’t./ No, not yet. （3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice, ever, never, three times等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去过北京二次。 4.现在完成时的时间状语 （1）现在完成时属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。 a. 用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我们已完成作业了。 They haven't finished their homework yet.他们还没有完成作业。 b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“从未“等。如 -Have you ever been to the Great Wall你曾经去过长城吗 -I have never been to the Great Wall.我从未去过长城。 c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the past few years等。例如： I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。 He has been there three times the last few years.近几年他去过那里三次了。 d.用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如：now, today, this morning (month ,year, term)等。例如 -Have you met him today-No,I haven't.今天你见过他吗我没有。 How many times have you been there this year 今年你去过那里多少次 （2）现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用,表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始， 一直持续到现在。如：I haven't seen him for two years. 但是，像come, arrive, buy等终止性动词不能与 表示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be（在）”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非延续性动 词到延续性动词的转换： arrive→be here begin(start)→be on die →be dead come back→be back leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep) get up→be up go out → be out finish →be over put on →wear 或be on open →be open join →be in或 be a member of… close →be closed go to school→be a student borrow →keep buy →have catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know begin to study→study come to work →work等 如：He has been a soldier for three years.他参军三年了。
现在完成时练习题及答案
一、时态讲解：现在完成时 （1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have + 过去分词构成，助动词have 有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have. 现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study 为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下： 1）现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。 My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。 I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。 She has arrived. 她到了。 2）表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently, already, just, lately, fo r…, since…,yet等。如： I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。 We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。 They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。 She has been with us since Monday. ★注意： a)since和for的区别 since后接时间点，如1993，last term, yesterday, the time I got there for后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如ten years, a while, two days等。 Exercise: 用since和for填空 1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday. 2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days. 3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days. 4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock. 5. India has been an independent country ______1974. 6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes. 7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years. 8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October. 1. since 2. for 3. for 4. since 5. since 6. for 7. for 8. since 2）表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲
现在完成时 先看几个例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ : make--- hurry---watch--- swim--- be--- talk--- want--- study--- stop--- take--- see--- like---
二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. 动词填空： 1._____ you ________(clean) the room? Yes, we __________(do) that already. When _______ you ______(do) it?
现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)
现在完成时讲解 一、构成: 肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 过去分词规则变化： a)一般情况下，直接加ed, （work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等;） b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, （carry---carried study---studied等;） c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词，要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed。（stop---stopped，shop---shopped） d)以不发音的e结尾的动词，只加d （ 过去分词不规则变化表： 二、用法： 用法一：表示过去（已经、曾经或从未）发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 标志词：①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before, ⑦once/twice/数字+ times 例：I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. a）already 往往用于肯定句，用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气；yet 用于否定句和疑问句。 ?He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。 ?Has he already left here? 他（真的）已经离开这里了吗？（表示加强语气） ?My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。 ?Have you written to your parents yet? 你已经给你父母写过信了吗？ b）never 是否定词，表示“从来没有”，而ever 表示“曾经” ?We have never been to the Great Wall. 我们从来没有去过长城。 ?Have you ever been to Canada? 你们曾经去过加拿大吗？ c）just用于句中, 表示“刚刚” ?I’ve just had breakfast. 我刚吃完早饭。 ?What have they just done? 他们刚刚做了什么？ d）before用于句末, 表示“以前” ?I’ve seen it before. 我以前见过它。 练习：用never，ever，already，before, just或yet填空。 1. I have __________seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has __________finished his homework. 3. --Have you _________seen the film? --No, I have ________seen it. 4. ---Has the bus left _______? ---Yes, it has ________ left. 5. Would you like to go to the zoo with me? Yes, but I have been there _________.
现在完成时讲解
现在完成时间和现在完成进行时 一、现在完成时 1. 通常使用现在完成时的几种情况 （1）表示过去发生的事对现在的影响 Justin has disappeared, so Kelly is very sad. (Justin 失踪在过去，但是Kelly 至今仍旧为他的失踪感到难过) （2）表示过去的动作一直延续到现在 I haven’t seen Justin since last Friday night. (从上周五晚上到现在一直没有见到过Justin) (3)表示动作的确切时间不明确或不重要 The boy has already come home. (男孩已经回家，但没有指出何时回家) （4）表示刚结束的动作 The police have just finished searching the area. (警方刚结束对该地区的搜查) （5）表示反复发生的动作 Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times. (村民曾多次看到UFO) 2. 现在完成时的结构 现在完成时由“have / has + 过去分词”构成。 3. 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语 （1）表示过去的事或动作对现在有影响，动作的时间不明确、不重要或动作刚结束，一般可用already (用于肯定句)、yet （用于否定和疑问句）、ever、just、recently、lately 和never Tom has already come home. He hasn’t finished his homework yet. I’ve met the old man somewhere before. （2）表示从过去开始，并一直持续到现在，一般用for/since短语或由since 引导的时间状语从句。在介词for后一般跟表示一段时间的短语，在since后一般跟表示某个时间的短语，或表示过去时间的状语从句。 We haven’t seen him for two days/since last Monday. We haven’t seen him since he left Nanjing. 4. 现在完成时的应用 (1) 非持续性动词go, come, leave, borrow, buy, die, join的完成时的肯定式不能与时间段连 用，若要接用时间段状语，则应换成相应的持续动词或状态动词。如： He has left. 他走了。 He has been away for an hour. 他走了一个小时了。 Can I borrow that book? 我可以借那本书吗? How long can I keep the book? 这本书我可借多久？ 注意：非持续性动词的否定完成时可与时间段状语连用。如： He has not borrowed the book since then. 从此以后，他再也没有借这本书了。 (2) have / has been to 表示曾经去过某地，但现在不在那儿；have / has gone to表示现在已去 某地，现在不在这儿。如： He has been to Canada, but now he is working in our company. 他去过加拿大，现在在我们公司工作。
现在完成时练习题及答案
现在完成时练习题（精华汇总） I. Fill in the blanks with the proper form. 1. I____ already ____ (see) the film. I ________ (see) it last week. 2. _____ he ____ (finish) his work today? Not yet. 3. My father ____ just ____ (come) back from work. He is tired now. 4. Where’s Li Ming ? He __________ (go) to the teacher’s office. 5. I __________ (work) here since I ______ (move) here in 1999. 6. So far I _______________(make) quite a few friends here. 7. How long ________ the Wangs ______________(stay) here ? For two weeks. 8. I ________ just ___________ (finish) my homework. 9. He ________ (go) to school on foot every day. 10.____ you ______ (find) your science book yet? 11. If it ____ (be) fine tomorrow, I'll go with you. 12. The students ____________ (read) English when the teacher came in. 13. Look! The monkey __________ (climb) the tree. 14. My mother __________ (come) to see me next Sunday. 15. I've lost my pen. _________ you ________ (see) it anywhere? II. Choose the best answer. 1. How long have you _______ here? A. come B. got C. arrived D. been 2. My grandpa died _________. A. at the age of my 2 B. for 2 years C. when I was 2. D. my age was 6. 3. Jane has _____ to BeiJing. She will come back tomorrow. A. been B. gone C. went D. never been 4. It is ten years _____ I last saw her. A. after B. since C. for D. that 5.--Who will go to the station to meet Lorry? --I will. I _____ her several times. A. met B. have met C. had met D. will meet 6. --What a nice dress! How long _____ you _____ it? --Just 2 weeks. A. will, buy B. did, buy C. are, having D. have, had 7.--Do you know Lydia very well? --Yes, She and I _____ friends since we were very young. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 8. The Smiths _______ in China for 8 years. A. has lived B. lived C. have been D. live 9. --Hello, this is Mr. Green speaking. Can I speak to Mr. Black? -- Sorry. He ______ the Bainiao Park. A. has been to B. has gone to C. went to D. will go to 10. --____ you ever ____ to the US? -- Yes, twice. A. Have, gone B. Have, been C, Do, go D. were, going III. Rewrite the sentences. 1. I have been to Macau before. (改为否定句) I _________ _________ been to Macau before. 2. He hasn’t come to school because he was ill. (就划线部分提问) ______ _______ he come to school? 3. I bough a new bike just now. (用just改写) I ____ just ____ a new bike. 4. We began to learn English three years ago.(改为同义句) We ____ ____English ____three years 5. He has never surfed, _______ _______? （改成反意疑问句） 6. They have been here since 2000. (对划线部分提
【英语】高三英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)
【英语】高三英语现在完成时解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案) 一、单项选择现在完成时 1．―What do you think of our hometown? ―Very beautiful. You know it is the first time that I _______ here. A．will be B．was C．have been D．had been 【答案】C 【解析】 试题分析：考查固定句型中的时态。固定句型：it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了；如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时；本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时。句意：—你认为我们国家怎么样？—发出漂亮。你知道这是我第一次来到这里。故C正确。 考点：考查固定句型中的时态。 点评：固定句型：it is/was 序数词time that sb…这是第几次某人做某事的时候了；如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was,后面使用过去完成时； 2．It is the fourth time that Tom ______ in the maths exams. A．failed B．has failed C．had failed D．have failed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查固定句式中的时态。固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。本题前面是is，故使用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，故Ｂ正确。句意：这是这个星期里他第四次打电话给你了。 【点睛】 固定句式：It is/was the+序数词+that 从句；句意：这是某人第几次做某事的时候了。如果前面是is，后面使用现在完成时；如果前面是was，后面使用过去完成时。（1）It is the first time that I have come to the Great Wall. 这是我第一次到长城去。（2）It was the first time that he had visited the Great Wall.那是他第一次参观长城。 3．— Would you care for a cup of tea? It tastes pretty good. — I one. Thank you just the same.
现在完成时讲解及练习
现在完成时 1.概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。 2.时间状语:reｃently, laｔeｌy, since…ｆor…，ｉn ｔｈe ｐast ｆew yeaｒｓ, ｅtc. ３．基本结构:ｈaｖe/has ＋dｏne 4.否定形式:have/has ＋ｎｏｔ+ｄｏｎe． 5.一般疑问句：have或hａs提前 ６．它主要适用于下面的几种情况： 1）表示截止现在业已完成的动作 By now，I haｖe collected aｌl ｔhｅdata that I need .到现在为止，我已收集到了我所需的全部资料。 Shｅhas read １50pａｇes today.她今天已看了15０页。 2）表示发生在过去而对现在产生影响、带来结果的动作 Have you hａd your ｄｉnnｅｒ? 你吃晚饭了吗？ ３)表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能还要延续 Ｉt ｈａs been fｉve yearsｓｉncｅhe jｏｉned ｔhe armｙ.他参军五年了。 1)一个句子应该用什么时态只能取决于它需要表达的意思,以及它所处的语言环境。例如: Ｈe speaks Englisｈ.(一般现在时，说明动作发生的经常性。) He ｓｐoke English wｈen he was in NｅwＺｅaｌand .（一般过去时，说明动作发生的时间。） Ｈe is speaking Ｅnglish.(现在进行时,说明动作正在进行。) He hａs spoken Ｅnglｉsh for three ｙｅars sｉnceｈe camｅtｏtｈe ＵSA.(现在完成时,这里说明动作的总和。) 2)在含有时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主从复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是一般将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般现在时来表示将来时；如果主句的谓语动词是过去将来时，那么从句的谓语动词就只能用一般过去时来表示过去将来时。 例如:Ｉｗillｎotｐlaｙteｎniｓif it raiｎｓtｏmorroｗ. Iｗoｕｌｄnot ｐlａｙｔennis if it rａiｎed tｈe nｅｘt day. 3)有些动词表示无法持续的动作,它们一般不宜用于进行时态中。这类动词常见的有:be ,ｂelieve ，cｏnsisｔ, find, foｒgeｔ, hａte, have, ho ｐe , hｅar , know , likｅ，lｏvｅ, noｔice,pｒefer ，remeｍbｅr, s ｅe , ｓeem ，smｅlｌ, suggesｔ, taste,ｕndｅrsｔａnd ,want ，wish ，sit down, stand ｕｐ等等。 4)关于现在完成时的时间状语问题 常和有些副词连用，如：ｊuｓt , ｂefore ，alreadｙ, often , nｅveｒ，ev ｅｒ, nｏｔ…yet，alwａys等等。 B.在以ｗhen提问的特殊疑问中不能用现在完成时。另外，ａgｏ不能用于现在完成时的句子里，因为它表示从现在算起的以前某个时间,属于表示具体过
现在完成时讲解及练习(附答案)-名师精讲 (1)
现在完成时 先看几个例句： 1. I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间。 2. He hasn’t finished his homework. 他还没完成作业。 3. Have you read this novel ? 你看过这本小说吗？ Yes , I have. 是的，看过了。No, I haven’t. 不，没看过。 4. We have studied English for two years. 我们已经学了两年英语了。 5. They haven’t seen each other since 1998. 自从1998年他们就没再见过面。 构成: 肯定式：主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词. 疑问式：助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词? 否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词. 例：I have worked here for 3 years. 否定句： 疑问句： 回答： 就划线部分提问： 过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化两种： 规则变化: a) 一般情况下，在动词后直接加ed, 如play---played，work---worked，water---watered, finish---finished等; b) 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, carry-- -carried study---studied等; c) 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节的动词要双写最后一个辅音字母，再加ed 如: stop---stopped，shop---shopped等。不规则变化：见一般时当中的不规则动词表点击→不规则动词表 写出下列动词的过去分词： put--- hear--- come--- make--- hurry--- watch--- swim--- be--- talk--- want--- study--- stop--- take--- see--- like--- 二、用法：1.表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的，不需要打扫了) They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch.--我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿 2.表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在的动作或状态, I have learnt English for more than ten years.我已经学了10多年的英语。 She has swum since half an hour ago.我已经游泳了半个小时 3表示人曾有过或到目前为止从未有过的经历. I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。) I have been there twice. 动词填空： 1._____ you ________(clean) the room? Yes, we __________(do) that already. When _______ you ______(do) it? We _______(do) it an hour ago. 2.______ he ______(see) this film yet? Yes. When _____ he _____(see) it? He ______ it last week. 3. How many times _____you______(be) there? 三、标志词 ◆常与①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦up to now, ⑧so far, ⑨for the last few weeks ⑾since ⑿for a long time/for 标志词的区别 1.for +一段时间 Eg. I have been here for 5 weeks. He’s studied English for 3 years. 2. since +(表示过去某一时间的)时间点/单词/词组/ 从句(一般过去时) Eg. I have been here since 2000. I have been here since 5 years ago. I have been here since I graduated in 2000.
现在完成时和过去完成时语法精讲
现在完成时 1. 定义：过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或者结果。 2. 构成：主语+ have/has + 动词的过去分词+ 其它. 3. 否定句：主语+ have/has + not + 动词的过去分词+ 其它. 4. 疑问句: have/has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词+其它 5. 用法（四种）： （1）表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 例句：I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. （过去的时间收到一封信，接下来可能会提到信上的内容，说明收到信的这个动作对现在有影响。）翻译：我已经通过驾照考试并拿到了驾照了。 I have passed the driving exam and got a driving license. （2）表示过去发生的动作持续到现在，并可能持续下去。 例句：He has been there for six months. 翻译：我已经学了六年的英语了。 I have studied English for six years. （3）在时间或者条件状语从句中，表示将要发生的动作。 例句：Tim will not be so excited if he has been to Australia before.
翻译：我忙完工作就去图书馆找你。 I will see you in the library as soon as I have finished my work. （4）It has been + 一段时间+since 从句（从句是用一般过去时）。例句：It has been six months since Tim went to Australia. 翻译：玛丽生病到现在已经三天了。 It has been three days since Mary was ill. 练一练： 1、Both his parents look sad . Maybe they _________what's happened to him . Ａ. knew Ｂ. have known Ｃ. must know Ｄ.will know 2、I_______ a letter from him since he left．（天津市） A．didn't receive B．haven't got C．didn't have D．haven't heard 3、—Where have you _______ these days？—I have_____ to Dazhu with my friends． A．been；gone B．been；been C．gone；been D．gone；gone 4、Have you met Mr Li ______？ Ａ. just Ｂ. ago Ｃ.before Ｄ. a moment ago 5、His father ______ the Party since 1978 . Ａ. joined Ｂ. has joined Ｃ. was in Ｄ. has been in 6、My parents ______ Shandong for ten years . Ａ. have been in Ｂ. have been to Ｃ. have gone to Ｄ. have been 6. 现在完成时的标志 （1）以already, just，ever，never和yet为标志