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《新编大学英语3》Unit 1

《新编大学英语3》Unit 1
《新编大学英语3》Unit 1

Book3 Unit 1-1

1. An Introduction to Personality

In a general sense, the term “personality”refers to all the personal and moral characteristics that determine the way a person thinks, feels and acts in his or her social and personal relations.

These traits include a vast variety of attitudes and attributes, such as: shyness, generosity, patience, flexibility, sadness, humor, cheerfulness, selfishness, independence and aggressiveness.

Most people are a mix of positive and negative traits. Personality traits that are valued in one culture may be frowned upon in another culture.

Most research tends to suggest that our basic personality is inherited but that many factors shape and mould our personality as we grow mature.

Recognizing one’s strengths and weaknesses is an important step in the process of personal development.

In recent years, various studies have shown that health and personality are interrelated. In constantly looking at the dark side of things, pessimists can become discouraged to feel helpless; optimists, on the other hand, attempt to make the best of a situation.

2. Mr. and Miss So and So

Directions: Work in pairs to complete these imaginary names to form adjectives that describe a person’s personality.

3. Personality and Job

Words used to describe a person’s personality.

aggressive, amiable, arrogant, artful, brave, broad-minded, carefree, caring, cheerful, compassionate, competitive, conservative, courageous, demanding, determined, dominant, dynamic, egocentric, extroverted, flexible, generous, idle,

light-hearted, lively, logical, loyal, malicious, mean, moody, outgoing, passionate, practical, proud, rational, realistic, reserved, ruthless, self-centered, sinister, spiteful, strong-willed, unscrupulous, vain, violent, well-organized…

Directions: Discuss with your partner and decide the personality traits that you think would make an ideal person for the following job.

Words and phrases

1. accent v. to emphasize a part of something 强调,使突出

1) Skillful use of make-up can accent your cheekbones and hide small blemishes.

2) The side tables were accented by fresh flower arrangements.

accent n. a way of pronouncing the words of a language that shows which country, area or social class a person comes from 口音,腔调

1) a northern/Dublin/Indian/Scottish accent

2) a strong/broad accent (= one that is very noticeable)

3) She spoke English with an accent.

2. a special importance that is given to something强调,注重

In all our products, the accent is on quality.

3. the emphasis that you should give to part of a word when saying it重音

In “today”, the accent is on the second syllable.

acquaintance n.

a person whom one knows but who is not a close friend 相识的人,泛泛之交

1) He has a wide circle of acquaintances.

2) She is an old acquaintance.

◆have a passing/nodding acquaintance with sb./sth.

I must admit I have only a passing acquaintance with his books.

◆make sb.’s acquaintance / make the acquaintance of sb.

I made his acquaintance at a party.

circulate v.

1. to move around within a system, or to make something do this循环,环行

1) Ceiling fans circulated warm air around the room.

2) The condition prevents the blood from circulating freely.

2. if information, facts, ideas etc. circulate, they become known by many people传播,流传

Rumors began circulating that the Prime Minister was seriously ill.

3. to talk to a lot of different people in a group, especially at a party交往

I circulated among the guests during the party.

contrast n.1. a difference between people, ideas, situations, things etc. that are being compared对比,对照

1)While there are similarities in the two cultures, there are also great contrasts.

2) The birth rate for older women has declined, but, by contrast, births to teenage mothers have increased.

3) The stock lost 60 cents a share, in contrast to last year, when it gained 21 cents.

4) The economic and social contrasts between the poor and the rich.

2. something that is very different from something else: 形成对比的人或物

1) The sauce is quite sweet, so add dried thyme as a contrast.

2) The red stems of this bush provide a contrast to the drab brown of the winter garden.

3. the degree of difference between the light and dark parts of a television picture, X-ray, photocopy etc.: 对比度,反差

1) This button adjusts the contrast.

2) The chemical heightens contrast between different kinds of tissue in the breast.

contrast v.

1. if two things contrast, the difference between them is very easy to see and is sometimes surprising形成对比

1) The snow was icy and white, contrasting with the brilliant blue sky.

2) These results contrast sharply with other medical tests carried out in Australia.

2. to compare two things, ideas, people etc. to show how different they are from each other使成对比,使成对照

1) In another passage, Melville again contrasts the land with the sea.

2) The documentary contrasts the reality of war with its romanticized image.

dwell

(vi.) (dwelt or dwelled) (Line 31, Para. 4) 1) dwell in /at: reside居住

2) dwell on / upon: think, speak or write at length about凝思;详细;论述;仔细研究不要过分沉溺在痛苦的回忆之中。dwell too much on

Don’t ________________ painful memories

我们的眼睛凝视着美丽的夕阳。dwelled on

Our eyes _________ the beautiful sunset.

My grandma dwells in the country. 我奶奶_____乡下。住在

1. live in a particular place居住

1) A woodsman and his family dwelt in the middle of the forest.

2) For ten years she dwelled among the nomads of North America.

2. dwell on/upon sth. think, speak or write at length about something, especially something unpleasant老是想着,细想;细述,唠叨

1) That is not a subject I want to dwell on.

2) Don’t dwell on the past-try and be more positive.

3. city/urban/town/flat/cave/forest dweller

City-dwellers suffer higher pollution levels.

eliminate(v.) (Line 25, Para. 4) eliminate from: remove除去;删除;淘汰

他已被取消了游泳比赛资格,因为他在训练中没有得到名次。

He has been ___because he did not win any of the practice races.

eliminated from the swimming race

那位建筑师在估算房子的价格时未曾把家具考虑在内。

The architect _____ in figuring the cost of the house.eliminated the cost of furniture eliminate (vt.) remove or get rid of completely 消除

reduce (vt.) make less in size, amount, price, degree 减少,降低

diminish (vt. vi.) (cause to ) become less in size or importance 减少,降低……重要性

请选择eliminate, reduce 或diminish 的适当形式填空。

We can’t ________ the use of paper but we can eliminate

certainly ______ the amount of paper we waste. reduce

I _______ my weight by going on a diet. reduced

I don’t want to ________ her achievements, but she did have a lot of help.diminish

The threat of nuclear war has __________. diminished

excessively (adv.) (Line 3, Para. 1) in an excessive amount, to an excessive degree 过分地,过度地,非常地

我不多喝酒。I don’t drink excessively

晚会的噪音非常地大。The noise from the party is excessively loud.

excessive (adj.) 过多的,过分的,额外的excess (n.) 过度,剩余,超额,超过exceed (v.) 超过,胜过

守门员因持球时间过长而受罚。

The goal-keeper was punished for _________________excessive possession of ball

他吃得很好,但不过多。He ate well, but not _________. to excess

你拆阅那些信件是越权行为。

You are __________________ in opening those letters exceeding your duty

Impression n. 1. impression (of sb./sth.) / impression (that…)

an idea, a feeling or an opinion that you get about sb./sth., or sb./sth. gives you印象;感想;模糊的观念

1) She gives the impression of being very busy.

2) I did not get the impression that they were unhappy about the situation.

2. impression (on sb.)

the effect that an experience or a person has on sb./sth. 效果;影响

1) His trip to India made a strong impression on him.

2) My words made no impression on her.

give/create/convey an impression

leave somebody with an impression / leave an impression (on somebody)

have/get the impression (that)

make an impression (on somebody) (=make someone admire or remember you)

first/initial impression (=the impression you get when you see someone or something for the first time)

good/favorable impression

bad/false/wrong/misleading impression

lasting/indelible impression

overall/general impression

inferiority (n.) (Line 20, Para. 3) the quality of condition of being inferior; lower rank or state 低劣

inferior (adj.) (常与to 连用,无比较级、最高级形式)次的;劣等的;较劣的

我发现难以摆脱一种社会自卑感。

I found it difficult to shake off _________. a sense of social inferiority

巴特曾非常自卑,以至于觉得自己不如见过的任何一个受过教育的人。to be inferior to Barter had been so humiliated that he felt himself ____ every educated man he met. reasonable (adj.) (Line 42, Para. 7) 1) having ordinary common sense; able to reason 有普通常识的;能推理的;合乎做事道理的2) moderate 适度的;不多不少的

你认为让人们每周工作60小时以上是合理的吗?Do you think it reasonable to

expect people to work more than 60 hours a week?

她不得不给自己的迟到找一个合理的借口。

She cannot but find a reasonable excuse for her being late.

rejection (n.) (Line 55, Para. 10)the action or process of rejecting a thing or person 抵制;拒绝;抑制, 排斥

reject (v.) (Line 63, Para. 12)

因为害怕被拒绝,他从不敢向她求婚。

He was never able to ask her to marry him out of ______________.fear of rejection

他后悔拒绝了那个年轻人提供的帮助。

He regretted _____________________ from the young man rejecting the offer of help

1)profound (adj.) (Line 10, Para. 2) deep; complete 深切的,极度的,极

深的(比deep正式)

2) having, showing, or using thorough knowledge and deep understanding知识渊博的;深奥的空无一人的教堂里寂静无声。

There was a ______________in the empty church. profound silence

他知识渊博,深受人们喜爱。

He is a man of _________________, deeply beloved by people. profound knowledge

a profound sigh 深长的叹息profound knowledge 渊博的知识

profound regret 极为遗憾 a profound sleep 酣睡

have sth. at heart(Line 67, Para. 13) be deeply concerned about 对……深切关心

他深切地关心穷人的福利问题。He has the welfare of the poor at heart.

Private employment agencies may not have your best interests at heart.

私有雇佣代理机构不会将你的最大利益放在心上。

高中英语人教版必修三单词表

Unit 1 1、发生 2、美;美人 3、收获;收割 4、庆祝;祝贺 5、狩猎者;猎人 6、(使)饿死;饿得要死 7、起源;由来;起因 8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的;季节性的 10、祖先;祖宗 11、(日本)盂兰盆节 12、坟墓;墓地 13、熏香;熏香的烟 14、纪念;追念 15、墨西哥(拉丁美洲国家) 16、节日;盛宴 17、头脑;头骨 18、骨;骨头 19、万圣节前夕;诸圣日前夕 20、信任;信心;信仰 21、盛装;打扮;装饰 22、诡计;恶作剧;窍门欺骗;诈骗 23、搞恶作剧;诈骗;开玩笑 24、诗人 25、哥伦布日 26、到来;到达;到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得;得到 29、独立;自主 30、独立的;自主的 31、搜集;集合;聚集 32、农业;农艺;农学 33、农业的;农艺的 34、奖;奖品授予;判定 35、产品;(尤指)农产品 36、雄禽;公鸡 37、赞美;钦佩;羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望;期待;盼望 40、狂欢节;(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢;嘉年华(会) 41、月的;月亮的;阴历的 42、 (耶稣)复活节 43、游行;阅兵;检阅 44、日夜;昼夜;整天 45、衣服

46、基督徒;信徒 基督教的;信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃;樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯;风俗 53、遍及全世界的;世界性的 54、玫瑰花蕾 55、愚人;白痴;受骗者 干傻事;开玩笑傻的 56、必要性;需要 57、许可;允许 58、预言;预报;预告 59、样子;方式;时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉(女名) 62、哈利(男名) 63、(汽车等)停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节;人节 66、出现;到场 67、守信用;履行诺言 68、屏息;屏气 69、道歉;辩白 70、淹没;溺死;淹死 71、悲哀,悲伤 72、明显的;显而易见的 73、擦;揩;擦去 74、(使)迂回 75、牧群;兽群 76、银河 77、喜鹊 78、哭泣;流泪哭;哭泣 79、广播员;告知者;报幕员 80、出发;动身;使爆炸 81、提醒;使想起 82、使……想起…… 83、原谅;恕 Unit 2 84、日常饮食节食 85、意大利式细面条 86、坚果;果仁 87、肌肉;(食用)瘦肉 88、给予保护的;保护的

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/'ti:n /

复习 (Ⅰ)单词拼写 1.Children today spend more and more time inside the house instead of playing (在户外). 2.Sarah sounded (伤心的) when I said you wouldn’t go shopping with her. 3.I made a suggestion but they chose to (忽视) it. 4.I am very grateful (感激的) to all those who took the trouble to write to me. 5.In face of danger, it’s very important to keep calm (镇静的). 6.When it rains, why do we see the lightning first; then hear the (雷)? 7.There is a (窗帘) hanging before his window in the bedroom. 8.If you can guess correctly, I would like you to be my language exchange (伙伴;搭档). (Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 1.It is hard to imagine the pain and (suffer) they went through in the war. 2.The doctors had given her up but she made an excellent (recover). 3.Try not to say anything about the idea until you have understood it (entire). 4.It is beyond my power (powerful) to finish the task in two hours. 5.To be honest, I know (exact) how she felt. (Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)

(完整版)人教英语必修三UNIT1单词拼写、完成句子、语法填空、词汇巩固)

一、完成句子 1.现在你可以在拥有锻炼的热情的同时和孩子们享受快乐时光。Now you can find your passion for exercise and your 二1. 汤姆食言了,并没有出现在会场 Tom broke his word and didn’t at the meeting.

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信任;信心;信仰20、 21、盛装;打扮;装饰 欺骗;诈骗;窍门诡计;恶作剧22、23、搞恶作剧;诈骗;开玩笑 诗人、2425、哥伦布日 26、到来;到达;到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得;得到 29、独立;自主 30、独立的;自主的 搜集;集合;聚集31、 32、农业;农艺;农学 农业的;农艺的、33授予;判定奖;奖品34、 35、产品;(尤指)农产品 雄禽;公鸡36、37、赞美;钦佩;羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望;期待;盼望 狂欢节;(四旬斋前的)饮宴狂欢;嘉年华(会)40、 41、月的;月亮的;阴历的耶稣)复活节42、(43、游行;阅兵;检阅、日夜;昼夜;整天4445、衣服 2 必修3 基督徒;信徒、46基督教的;信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃;樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯;风俗 53、遍及全世界的;世界性的 玫瑰花蕾54、55、愚人;白痴;受骗者 干傻事;开玩笑傻的 必要性;需要56、57、许可;允许 预言;预报;预告58、59、样子;方式;时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉(女名) 62、哈利(男名) 63、(汽车等)停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节;人节 66、出现;到场 67、守信用;履行诺言 68、屏息;屏气 69、道歉;辩白 70、淹没;溺死;淹死

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bone n. 骨;骨头 △Halloween n. 万圣节前夕;诸圣日前夕 belief n. 信任;信心;信仰 dress up 盛装;打扮;装饰 trick n. 诡计;恶作剧;窍门 vt. 欺骗;诈骗 poet n. 诗人 △Columbus Day 哥伦布日 arrival n. 到来;到达;到达者 △Christopher Columbus 克利斯朵夫?哥伦布(意大利航海家) gain vt.获得;得到 independence n. 独立;自主 independent adj. 独立的;自主的 gather vt. vi. n. 搜集;集合;聚集 agriculture n. 农业;农艺;农学 agricultural adj. 农业的;农艺的 award n. 奖;奖品 vt. 授予;判定 △produce n. 产品;(尤指)农产品 rooster n. 雄禽;公鸡 admire vt.赞美;钦佩;羡慕

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高一英语必修一Unit 1单词 △survey /'s??ve?/ n. 调查;测验 add up 合计 upset adj. 心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的 vt. (upset, upset 使不安;使心烦ignore [iɡ?n?:] vt. 不理睬;忽视 calm [kɑ:m] vt. & vi. (使平静;(使镇定 adj. 平静的;镇静的;沉着的 calm(…down (使平静下来;(使镇定下来 have got to 不得不;必须 concern [k?n?s?:n] vt. (使担忧;涉及;关系到; n. 担心;关注 ;(利害关系 be concerned about 关心;挂念 walk the dog 遛狗 loose [lu:s] adj. 松的;松开的 △vet n. 兽医 go through 经历;经受 △Amsterdam n. 阿姆斯特丹(荷兰首都 Netherlands n. 荷兰(西欧国家 △Jewish [?d?u:??] 犹太人的;犹太族的 German [?d??:m?n] adj. 德国的;德国人的;德语的; n. 德国人;德语 △Nazi n. 纳粹党人 adj. 纳粹党的 set down 记下;放下;登记 series [?si?ri:z] n. 连续;系列 a series of 一连串的;一系列;一套 △Kitty n. 基蒂(女名 outdoors [?autd?:z] adv. 在户外;在野外 △spellbind [?spel?ba?nd] vt. (spellbound, spellbound 迷住;迷惑 on p urpose [?p?:p?s]故意 in order to 为了…… dusk [d?sk] n. 黄昏;傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder [?θ?nd?] vi. 打雷;雷鸣 n.雷;雷声 entire [in?tai?] adj. 整个的;完全的;全部的 entirely adv. 完全地;全然地;整个地 power [?pau?] n. 能力;力量;权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain [?k?:tn] n. 窗帘;门帘;幕布 dusty [?d?sti:] adj. 积满灰尘的

(完整版)高一英语必修三unit1单词拼写练习及答案(可编辑修改word版)

Boo k Ⅲunit 1 1.T ry to (收获) the fruit before the storm. 2.I t is time that you(道歉) to Tom for what you said. 3.T he police ordered no one could leave the room without (允许). 4.She is pretty and she is quite a (美人). 5.It is hard to know the (起源) of the human race. 6.Kobe was (授予) the MVP. 7.My elder brother has moved away from home and is now (独立的). 8.David was a very brave young (猎人). 9.She threw a (骨头) at the dog. 10.The lawyer is (搜集) evidence. Boo k Ⅲunit 1 1.We always (赞赏) our teachers for their devotion to education. 2.He(哄骗) the girl out of her money. 3.The boy is so (活力的) that he can play basketball day and night. 4.Dolphins have sometimes been known to save(即将溺死的) swimmers. 5.It is hard to know the ( 起源) of the human race,that is,how humans came into being. 6. It is very kind of you to give away food to (挨饿的) people. 7.Finally, the country(获得) independence. 8.It’s (明显的) that she has known the result. 9.Most of western people have(宗教的) beliefs. 10.In my village, it is the(风俗) for a girl to take her mother’s name.

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