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2018考研英语复习方略

2018考研英语复习方略
2018考研英语复习方略

2018考研英语复习方略

感谢凯程郑老师对本文做出的重要贡献

我考研是从10月份开始准备,国庆后才开始买资料复习,从头到尾一共可能就三个月,开始我就坚信自己会有一套行之有效的方法可以迅速攻克考研英语,毕竟以前托福的英语考

试上有了比较充分的感悟。

结果考出来84分,还算理想,证明自己的一些想法是符合实际的。为了回报朋友们,决心把自己在考研英语复习上的体会总结成详细的文字跟大家分享,希望能够给大家一点帮

助。

文章会比较长,请有兴趣的朋友给点耐心看完,然后结合自己的想法来讨论一下,共同提高。如果有任何问题,请随时跟贴,我会尽量详细回答。

文章共分成五篇:词汇篇、阅读篇、写作篇、测试篇、心理篇。

词汇篇

第一篇词汇篇

大家都知道词汇是一切备考的基础,大纲上有多少单词,明摆着,人手一本,大家都有,各种各样词汇书也不少,都买过,可是都没什么大用处,背了忘,忘了背,原来啥水平,现在背一阵也就提高个10%-20%,考起试来还是很多不认识。

要解决词汇这个问题,我的意见是从策略上就要先针对词汇准备的三个难点:“见到英文能想起中文、持之以恒变熟练、相近词辨析”,在制定自己的备考计划的时候就要从根本上能够解决这三点,否则很难在词汇上有进步。

显然,这三点要求是从易到难的,怎么做?首先声明,这是一个笨办法,我从来不认为词汇有什么神奇的办法。但往往笨而辛苦的办法是最有效的,可以帮助你抛弃那本讨厌的考

研英语词汇书。

1、找两天时间,在你这两天本来分配给英语复习的时间里,其他啥也别干,在网上找一份标准的考研大纲词汇的电子版,用电脑打开,从头到尾扫一遍,早就认识的词就删掉,不认识的词先别管,这样电子文档里留下的都是生词,然后把这个文档发给任何一个愿意帮助你的,又不用考研,有时间的朋友,让他花点时间帮你把这些单词的顺序编辑一下,调乱点,别从第一到第10个都是A开头的就行,就是把A-Z的单词大概混一下,排除顺序对背

单词的帮助;

2、做完第一步,考研大纲词汇5500个,基本大学里混个几年,起码得有1000个上下是本来认识的吧,不然就白混了。假设不认识的是4000到4500个,应该能代表很多人的情况了。接下来在每天不复习的空余时间,把发呆、上网、打电话、看电视的时间省出来,买几叠硬的白卡片,以一周为一个循环,每天按照第1步总结出的乱序把不认识的单词抄到白卡片上,每张抄20个词,正面英文,反面中文,中文可以抄2-3个最常用的意思。一天抄10张,一天就能抄上200个单词,这4000个词在20天左右里就从大纲上转移到了电子文档里,又转移到了属于你的单词卡片上。记得把这些卡片编好号,以后有用的;

3、当你抄了一遍的过程结束以后,实际已经是对这些单词有了一个强记的过程,写下来的东西印象是挺深的,为以后的背诵已经打下一定的基础了。把这些卡片每天抽五张带在身上,在车上在楼梯在图书馆在食堂,任何闲暇时间都可以抽出来看看,忘了中文就翻过背面看看,一天下来这五张卡片的100个单词至少可以看上四五遍。每天晚上回到宿舍睡前把昨天的五张再翻出来看看复习下。这样一天100,一个月下来能够轮转3000个单词,这一个月时间里,这些单词实际每一个都已经见过五次以上,能够见到英文想起中文的几率已经很高了;如果每个周末能够在一个固定的时间把前几天用过的卡片拿出来,像洗扑克牌一样洗一下,重新再乱序回忆一遍,会记得更牢靠;

4、按照自己常规的计划复习阅读、英语知识运用和写作的时候,遇到任何前几天记得的单词就在做题时检验一下,选对了就好好鼓励自己,错了没关系,再仔细回忆强记一下。

按照上述方法,把5500个词可以化整为零到200张卡片,再变为每天5张,大大化解了大量单词的恐惧感,演变成每天一个持之以恒的简单任务,容易坚持,也容易收到成效。坚持下来的话,在一个多月的时间里,结合做题,基本可以把考研单词做到一个中等熟练的

水平。

5、假设您跟我一样只有三个月时间集中准备考研,那么建议在第二个月中花一定的时间系统地看一些考研名家的辅导教材,特别是集中看完型填空、词汇辨析一类的部分,从细节上就自己学过的单词作一些深入的辨析,特别是要把自己想当然一看就选了,但却选错了的题目用红笔标注出来,并积累一定量这样的题目作为以后冲刺时的重点回忆题,这个步骤的时间一定要舍得花,不光是对完型和词汇,打好了单词的基础对阅读、写作和任何其他部

分都很有好处。

6、临考前一个月把你的宝贝卡片胡乱翻,随意抽取单词来考自己,当你发现随便抽那一张,问哪一个单词你都基本认识,成功率超过90%的时候,你就可以很爽地把这些卡片飞出去扔掉,因为这些单词已经到你脑子里了。剩下要做的就是在做模拟题的时候大胆地运用这些单词的记忆,帮助自己树立信心,提高分数!

第一篇词汇篇完啦,请看下篇,第二篇,阅读篇,待续。

第二篇阅读篇

阅读占的分数非常多,也是最重要的部分啦。我的经验,要想把阅读搞好,前面一部的词汇是前提,只有已经能够做到大部分的考研词都能够掌握中文意义,才能谈阅读速度和技巧。至于文章里小部分的超纲词汇,那没有必要去浪费太多时间。

阅读有几个问题我们觉得很痛苦:速度跟不上,长难从句搞不懂,选项辨析不清楚。

我的个人观点很简单,提高分析速度和加强对选项辨析水平是我们在短短几个月可以做的,而长难从句涉及到语法、句法、结构和实词虚词、连接词等等,这方面的阅读水平不是我们这么短时间可以努力的,我个人建议放弃这方面徒劳的努力。

先谈一下速度的问题。速度要跟上,首先是要习惯。大家想一想,如果平常从来不看英语文章,也从来不看考研这类充斥长难句还略带专业性质的文章,到做题时硬着头皮来看,

能看得快吗?

大家回忆一下平常生活里看英语文章的经验,如果这篇文章刚好是你所熟悉和习惯的内容,即使比较长的句子比较难的内容,看起来也很舒服,速度肯定有保证。打个比方,假设你很热爱体育,上周刚看场足球,今天早上看中国日报有篇英语文章报道上周那场比赛的幕

后花絮,看这篇文章的时候是否很爽?

我举这个例子的意思是说,不要为了做题和为了阅读考试才去读,尤其对于准备时间比较充分的朋友来讲,应该早早就开始逼迫自己每天花十到十五分钟去读一些英语文章,特别是要选一些略带有专业性质的文章,这样可以增加自己的知识面和敏感度,这个工作坚持一两个月后,对加强自己的语感和猜测能力是很有帮助的。试想一下,如果你突然遇到一片文章讲美国社会心理学研究的进步的新闻,你平常根本对心理学或者类似的文章碰都没碰过,

一定很吃力,是不是?

所以要提高阅读速度,首先要逼迫自己有选择地读不同专业不同内容的英语文章,从平时开始,在做题以外的时候自然地去读。当你自然地理解了一篇东西,哪怕是猜测到一些大

意,这个速度比硬梆梆地去啃是快很多的。

有了基础以后,就要做有意识的训练去改善速度。锻炼阅读速度虽然是个无形的东西,但和锻炼身体肌肉是一样的:如果每天推一样重量的杠铃,到后来就没有锻炼意义了;一开始就推100公斤,马上就受不了,肯定放弃;总是不推,比划两下就溜,到体育测验多半不

及格。

所以,要循序渐进,把自己的时间分几个阶段,个人建议大家去买一种书,叫阶梯阅读类的书,前一两个月读比自己当前水平略高一点,读起来稍有点吃力的那一级的文章,当慢慢觉得这档文章读起来速度快了,舒服了,下个月就去读高一级难度的阅读文章,依次类推。在准备期的这段时间甚至都不一定要急着做多少考研阅读题,先打好扎实的阅读基础没坏处的。等到感觉自己的速度好象有了一定进步的时候,包括词汇也有了一定进展时,再回到考研的题目上去,你会发现,速度有了保障,等于给了自己比以前更充分的时间去思考选项,

成绩肯定有进步。

至于选项辨析的问题,也是一个关键,很多朋友是文章基本看懂了,被出题人的选项搞惨了,死活辨不清A和C,哪个对,一下决心选C,又怕答案是A,来回犹豫多半错掉。这个问题我个人建议大家可以去看一本书,我用过觉得效果挺好的,就是王若平写的考试虫系列书里面讲考研阅读的那本,书店和网上应该都有卖的。这本书主要就是把历年考研阅读的

选项集中在一起来分析,出题人这些选项怎么写的,应该怎么排除,错误选项的特征等等,

非常有针对性,可以参考一下。

考研阅读的另外一部分是新题型,把调乱了的文章段落排回正常的顺序,我感觉这种题,坦白讲不会有什么技巧可言,就是阅读速度跟得上,有足够的时间理解意思,然后语言感觉好,能发现其中合理的起承转合,感觉出语篇和内容的叙述先后。所以还是回归到我前面讲

的速度训练上。

新题型还有一种是选小标题,毫无疑问,这个是从雅思里学来的题,雅思考这种选段落小标题已经好多年了,要训练的话,去借一本雅思阅读的题来,只做这种题型,花不了太多时间,但是很有益处的。雅思阅读成型已久,这些模拟题很容易找。个人建议,小标题是概括该段主旨,要想选到合适的小标题,三个方向找:一、先看首句,顶多第二句,有没有哪个关键词和短语和待选小标题的词相同,若有,列为重点再仔细考察;二、扫视本段,有无某词或事物反复提到多次,若有,看小标题是否有,列为重点再仔细考察;三,若前二者不凑效,回到本段首末句,看看小标题有没有什么词是这两句里重点词的词义替换,多半就是

它了。

阅读难,说了一些体会,不够的话,请大家提问。下篇是作文。

第三篇写作篇

关于写作,可能我的意见会被人批评说不现实,有问题,不过请大家仔细研究略作冷静

分析之后再看看能否采取我说的办法。

大家想一想,假设随便找十个同学坐在一起,会有多少人有时间经常练习作文?会有多少人能够有恒心去坚持连续五六个月一直写?也许我的观点偏激,我认为答案是几乎没有。

为什么?一、作文题目千变万化,自己练了这个题目,考试肯定不考,本身写完写得再好,也不能带来信心,越练越空虚;二、没人批改,本身就是主观的东西,让朋友批改不放心,他的观点和水平又不能代替老师,自己批改就更无聊,怎么看都是那个样子,没有分数的衡量就无法鉴定自己的努力有没成效,自然难以坚持;三、我能买到的作文书,千万人一样能买到,我背的模板可能隔壁那哥们也背得正爽,一到考场上同一个老师说不定就批到两

篇类似的文章,有用吗?自己都表示怀疑。

所以,如果坚持使用现在传统的作文复习模式,一周看那么一两次,一个月才勉强提起劲头来写几篇,考前背十个八个模板,沉浸在"first,second,third"和"furthermore,therefore"之类所谓起承转合的自慰中,不可能获得特别满意的分数!主观题不好,更不可能把英语总分提

高到一个优势地位!

如果您同意我上述观点,请往下看

要拿作文好分数,一要速度,保证在考试有限时间里自如地写完;二要像个样子,写出来的东西起码像是英文文章,而不是汉语的翻译;三要有点特色,能让考官一眼扫过去感觉与众不同;四要整洁清楚,把考官手上那两三分的印象分彻底拿过来。

解决速度问题,要培养自己脑子里对时间的掌握,进而培养在同样时间内能写出更多字数的能力,就练这个,别的不管。不管你每周写一篇还是写十篇,任何时候写任何东西,一定要在无干扰的环境下,专心来写,先用手表统计三到四次,看看自己在当前状况下写完需要的平均时间。假设需要35分钟,然后搞个闹钟,调30分钟闹,脑子里就绷根弦,逐渐能做到闹钟响时写得完,速度就明摆着提升了。逐渐这样一点点缩短限定自己的时间,速度的提升会变成习惯,就好办些啦。起码在现有写作水平没提高时,速度有提升。

希望写出地道文章,谴词造句还比别人高出一截水平的话,让考官眼前一亮的话,自己闷着,对着一大堆所谓的考研辅导拼命写是没用的。辅导书里好多文章都是中国式英文,公

式化,僵化,越背感觉越糙。

个人建议,要另辟蹊径。既然考研作文已经开始考察应用文,图表这类实用文章,那我们就彻底跟着命题组风向走,而且往上走,直接买一本好的雅思作文书!会有些人开始骂我,这不是好高务远吗?!别急,你可以先借本雅思书,看看作文部分再说。

雅思书的作文模板很多都是参考英国人的辅导书给出的,文风地道,句式多样,又有图表作文,书信等等,很合适的。反正也是干背模板,还不如背水平高的。这样的模板起码与普通考研书的template有区别,容易带来清新的感觉。而且雅思培训里对于图表和书信等应用文的训练有很多特别的练习,练习起来比较有意思,对训练实际水平很有作用。

不过要注意,关键在于把雅思书里的范文取其精华,总结十到二十个好的开头结尾句型,总结十种左右的起承转合,背上一定量的优秀句子,但不要教条死抄,不要花时间在雅思里面的单词上,尤其在把模板句运用到考研写作时,不要生硬地把以前见过的所谓好单词也搞进去,免得用错,而且容易被考官发现破绽。最好是灵活运用,背的是结构和表达法,而不

是砖头一般的句子。

速度靠自己训练,地道的英文风格和特别的表达要靠参考雅思作文来获得。

最后,我们必须花十天到半个月时间逼迫自己专门训练,使自己的作文整洁。一要成行,不要写得东倒西歪,潦草不堪;二要通过训练减少野蛮和很令人反感的大块涂改,尽量使自己的文字涂改斯文些;三要保持稿纸整洁白皙。一篇整洁整齐清楚的文章,绝对能提升印象分,花点时间来准备,绝对是个技术难度不高但回报很高的工作!

写作篇到此,下篇测试篇

第四篇

测试篇

复习的成效需要测试来检验。个人建议把考研的模拟测试分为四个阶段。

第一阶段检验原始水平

要检测自己是否有进步,必须要知道原始起点在哪里。建议使用2-3套稍旧一点的考研究真题,用尽量模拟实战的时间和环境来做一个检测,使用真题是为了使检测标准符合考研的真实要求,模拟实战是为了使结果真实,接近自己的实际水平。测试2-3套题目的是使结果平均可信,排除偶然性。作文部分可以请水平高的朋友或者相熟的老师帮忙批改,听力部

分当然就不用管啦。

这一步只需要花2-3天时间,可以清楚了解自己目前的水平,包括大概所处的分数段,各部分题目所花的大概时间,单词和作文的水平也能大致感觉出来。

第二阶段专题训练

在这个阶段,应该按照考试各部分的要求,制定清楚的计划对词汇、阅读、翻译、写作各部分做重点的分部训练,不必急着一套套地做模拟题,那是没用的。在自己各部分题目的水平没有提高之前,匆忙地做整体套题只会继续打击原本就脆弱的自信。

词汇除了背诵之外,个人建议看老朱的书,他的书在词汇和完型这个部分还是讲解得很不错,有一定的参考价值。不过只看这部分就可以了,别的不管。

阅读我用的吴永麟,这个书难度比较稳定,没有太多起伏,量也足够了。我的做法是用完整的时间,排除干扰,关起门来模拟实战,一次4篇,连续完成。隔天训练一次,记录所

花时间和正确率。

翻译坦白说,我复习时一秒钟都没看,就考前看了一天,把握了一下大纲和考试的要求。觉得非专业人士花时间勉强训练一下,所翻出来的词句也不见得高明多少,充其量在一些翻译的技巧和语句组织上有进步。所以当时决定靠阅读和词法的积累算了,也对翻译有帮助。

写作如同上篇里讲过了,我是用雅思阅读的句篇结合考研的词汇来写,比较有信心。

这个阶段建议坚持1-2个月,坚定执行计划,时间足够的话,会有明显的进步。

第三阶段再测试

在上一阶段的后期,慢慢就可以过渡到模拟测试阶段,结合继续的复习。这段时间应该至少每周做2套模拟题,巩固复习的成效,同时通过模拟的结果来总结自己哪部分还是相对要薄弱些,并在复习中有所侧重地多花时间解决它。

有人会问哪些模拟题好,说实话,这个很难说,模拟题还是模拟题,始终和真题有差距,而且每年的情况不一样,要具体情况具体分析吧。可能还是相信以前命题组里出来的教授的

题目吧。

我的做法一般周一到五抽2套模拟测试来做,周六做一套考研真题,周日来总结这几套的情况,做一些分析。最重要的一个步骤是把词汇和完型里错的题目记录下来,并把做错的阅读的选项和原文的对应用荧光笔画一下,都归纳到自己的错题库里,以后临考复习时警惕

一下。

这个阶段建议坚持1个月。

第四阶段实战测试

离考试还有30天左右的时间时,使用最近的五套真题,隔天实战测试一下。用答题卡,用作文纸,掐表,关门闭户,用铅笔,全部模拟实战,测水平。

最好手边有一本有答案详细讲解的辅导书,仔细研究错题的原因,补充知识点,这样可

以防止自己对错题原因的主观臆断。

这件事做完大概离考试还有20天左右,建议放松3天,别做题,让自己蹦紧的神经relax 一下,然后开始花几天研究自己的错题库,防止同样错误的再犯。考前最后10天安排合适的时间做最新的一两套真题,就是去年和前年的,做完就拉倒吧,对自己的水平心里有数啦,

不再想什么,用最放松的心情上考场。

此篇完,最后一篇也许是最重要的,心理篇。

完结篇

心理篇

完结篇

心理篇

1、只信自己,勿看别人

别人买什么书,别人上什么辅导班,听说哪份材料好,谁谁谁考了多少分,一概不管

2、胆大心细脸皮厚

大胆坚决执行自己的复习计划,每个步骤工作要仔细,脸皮要厚,抵抗外界一切诱惑和

干扰

3、乐观自信

开心快乐度过每一天,每完成一阶段复习都要奖励和鼓励自己,相信自己的成功

4、张驰有度

适当安排休息和娱乐,不要把弦绷断

5、心平如镜

无论在考前还是考后,保持平静心情,感觉差不要自责,感觉好了更勿炫耀,一份平静

和从容更能得到上天的欣赏

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