Unit 13 Human Virtues

Unit 13 Human Virtues

Part A

Listening Strategy

Identifying the Topic

To find out the topic of a passage, we need to pay special attention to three things: 1) to its first sentence because the first sentence is often the topic sentence; 2) to sentences near its end since the concluding sentences usually give a summary of the major points of a passage; 3) to the words and expressions that appear repeatedly in the passage. All these give us clues as to what the topic of that passage is.

Now you are going to hear three short passages. Choose an appropriate topic from the following box to match each of the passages.

1. ( f )

2. ( e )

3. ( d )

Script:

1. Although children have little or no money of their own, they certainly have the capacity to be “givers”. A s children often need so much help —even with everyday things, they might think that they are the only ones who should be helped. But you can let them know that everyone in this world needs some kind of help, and that some people need more help than others.

Encouraging children to be helpful is one of the best ways to help them develop a charitable attitude, and that’s an attitude that hopefully will grow all through their lives.

2. What is self-control? Self-control is listening to your friend talk when you want him to listen to you.

Being quiet in the library takes self-control, especially when a friend comes in and you want to call to him.

What is caring? When you help a turtle cross a path in the park so he will be safe —that’s caring. When you leave flowers to bloom so others can enjoy them too —that’s caring.

3. Plato thought there are four virtues: 1) wisdom, 2) courage, 3) temperance, or self-control, and 4) justice. The most important of these is wisdom, which is knowledge of what is truly good. People who have wisdom and, as a result, know what is truly good, will tend to do what is right. These people will act in their own interest and be in harmony with themselves. This

harmony is the basis of all justice. People who are just, in Plato’s view, will tend to have other virtues as well.

Part B

Pre-listening Task

Questions for Discussion

You are going to talk about human virtues. Read the following questions and discuss them with your partner.

1. Can you name some good qualities that human beings possess?

2. What kinds of virtues are recognized by our society?

3. Which is more important, beauty or virtue? Why?

4. What kind of virtue do you value most? Why?

5. What do you think is the worst kind of human vice, greed, envy, or cruelty? Why?

Demo:

1. Can you name some good qualities that human beings possess?

I think there are many different answers to this question. We human beings possess good qualities such as honesty, kindness, modesty, optimism, faithfulness, dependability, and helpfulness, etc. Because of the cultural differences, different nations around the world may have their own standards of good qualities. For example, women in Arabic countries are expected to be humble and reserved while the women in the U.S. are encouraged to be outgoing and independent.

4. What kind of virtue do you value most? Why?

In my opinion, honesty is a quality which is very rare among human beings. There is an English saying that goes, “Honesty is the best policy.”Honesty may cause painful feelings sometimes but it will go a long way. When people know you are an honest person, they will trust you in the long run even though they might feel hurt by your honesty at certain times. On the other hand, if you try to tell a lie for a benefit, you might be successful for a short period of time. However, one lie very often leads to another. Before long you would be found out and lose your credibility. Then you would be in a situation where no one would trust you even if you are telling the truth.

Language Focus

Here are some sentences and structures that you might find useful in discussing the questions.

●There are many good qualities, or virtues, in human beings.

●Every society recognizes / accepts / promotes certain virtues in its members.

●Honesty, loyalty, truthfulness, courage, perseverance, friendliness, kindness, generosity,

selflessness, sympathy, charity, thriftiness, forgiveness, patience and cooperation — all these good qualities are examples of human virtues.

●I value honesty / courage / cooperation most.

●To be honest is to be truthful / to tell no lies / to be trustworthy.

●Courage enables people to face challenges, setbacks, frustrations and dangers fearlessly.

●The ability to cooperate with others is essential in getting things done / for a successful

career.

●The spirit of forgiveness is needed for countries / enemies to solve conflicts.

●As the saying goes, virtue is far fairer than beauty / beauty without virtue is a flower without

perfume, for beauty is but skin deep but virtue never grows old.

●Patience and perseverance are needed in every kind of human activity / will enable us to get

whatever we want.

●Greed / Cruelty / Envy / Vanity / Untruthfulness / Corruption / Unkindness is the worst kind

of human vice.

●Sympathy for the suffering / the needy / the weak / those who suffer / those who are in need /

those who are weak makes us caring persons / should be cultivated from childhood. Listening Tasks

Professor Sabbatucci’s Noble Act

Word Bank

noble a. worthy 高尚的

scene n. a place where an event or action happens （事件）发生地点，现场trace v. to find by searching carefully and methodically （根据踪迹）仔细寻找motorist n. a person who drives a car 驾车者

lire n. plural for lira, the unit of Italian currency before 2002 里拉（原意大利货币单位lira的复数形式）

conscience n. sense of right and wrong 良心；道德心

anonymity n.the state of not revealing one’s name无名，匿名

guarantee v. to promise; to assure 许诺；保证

hand over to give (sth. to sb. esp. after being asked or told to do so) 交出

trick ... into ... to deceive ... into ... 骗……做……

turn out to prove to be the case 原来（是）

burst into tears to start crying suddenly 突然哭起来

Vinicio Sabbatucci （人名）

Script:

A thief who dropped a winning lottery ticket at the scene of his crime has been given a lesson in honesty. His victim, who picked up the ticket, managed to trace him, and handed over the cash.

The robbery happened last Saturday when maths professor Vinicio Sabbatucci, 58, was changing a tire on an Italian motorway. Another motorist, who stopped to “help”, stole a suitcase from his car and drove off.

The professor found the dropped ticket and put it in his pocket before driving to his home in eastern Italy. Next day, he saw the lottery results on TV and, unfolding the ticket, realized it was a winner. He claimed the 60 million lire prize.

Then began a battle with his conscience. Eventually, he decided he could not keep the money despite the fact that he had been robbed.

He advertised in newspapers and on radio, saying: “I’m trying to find the man who robbed me. I have 60 million lire for him —a lottery win. Please meet me. Anonymity guaranteed.”

Professor Sabbatucci received hundreds of calls from people. All of them tried to trick him into giving them the cash. But there was one voice he recognized — and he arranged to meet the man in a park.

The robber turned out to be a 35-year-old unemployed father of two children. He gave back the suitcase and burst into tears. He could not believe what was ha ppening. “Why didn’t you keep the money?” he asked. The professor replied:“I couldn’t because it’s not mine.”

Then he walked off, ignoring the thief’s offer of a reward.

Language and Culture Notes

1. Background information

All societies and religions have their own moral principles. But certain qualities are accepted as virtues around the globe. Among these are honesty, truthfulness, courage, sympathy, justice, perseverance, etc. Similarly certain weaknesses such as greed, deceit, envy, cruelty, vanity, etc. are condemned by mankind in general as vices. It is common belief that virtue will triumph over vice.

2. 60 million lire

This equals 27,760 U.S. dollars.

3. Then began a battle with his conscience.

To the professor, the temptation of the large sum of money was great, but it would be against his conscience to take it. So, whether to yield to the temptation or maintain his integrity as an honest man was a painful struggle for the professor.

4. Anonymity guaranteed.

The professor promised that he would not reveal the name of the thief to the public.

5. The robber turned out to be ...

It was discovered that the robber was ...

Exercise 1

Listen to the recording and choose the right answer to complete each of the following sentences.

1. When the maths professor was driving home, _______________.

a. his car broke down

b. his car was stopped by a robber

c. his car collided with another one

d. his car lost a tire

2. One driver passing by stopped and ________________.

a. offered his lottery ticket to the professor

b. gave him some advice and then drove off

c. pretended to offer help

d. changed a tire for him

3. When the professor realized that the lottery ticket was a winner, ________.

a. he decided to return it to its owner immediately

b. he decided to keep it

c. he was beside himself with joy

d. he had a painful struggle deciding whether to keep it or return it

4. The lesson of the story is that _________________.

a. we must not take what is not ours

b. we must never ac cept a thief’s reward

c. we must be brave enough to admit our mistakes

d. we must not be taken in by those who pretend to help

5. The topic of the story is _____________________.

a. the struggle between good and evil

b. honesty

c. education and virtue

d. crime and punishment

Exercise 2

Listen to the recording again and fill in the blanks with the missing information.

Speaking Tasks

Listen to the following conversations and repeat after the recording. Then role-play them with your partner.

Conversation 1

A: That was a touching story we heard, wasn’t it?

B: Yes. The professor is really a noble soul. Not many people would have done that.

A: Well, if you were in his position, what would you do?

B: I think I’d do exactly the same thing.

A: Why?

B: You see, the professor’s act moved the thief to tears. If what I do can awaken a criminal’s conscience, I’d be only too happy.

A: That’s a reward in itself, isn’t it?

B: Yes. And more valuable than money.

Conversation 2

A: I saw on TV last night that an old lady was knocked over by a vehicle.

B: Was she seriously injured?

A: I think so. But she had been lying there helplessly for some time before the police arrived at the scene. The driver drove off and passers-by pretended not to see her.

B: That’s unbelievable. How could they be so cold-hearted?

A: Horrible, isn’t it? Some people are so mean.

B: Suppose you had been one of the passers-by, what would you have done?

A: I would have rushed her to a hospital and notified her family as soon as possible.

B: So would I. It’s only right to offer a helping hand to those in need. Don’t you think so?

A: Absolutely. I wish everyone in our society would be more caring.

Exercise

Now make similar conversations with your partner according to the given situations. Use the structures and expressions above in your conversations where appropriate.

1. Suppose you are walking along a river, and suddenly you hear a little boy crying for help in the river, but you cannot swim. What would you do to try to save the boy?

2. Suppose you are at home, preparing for an exam. And an old lady next door suddenly falls ill and asks you to accompany her to a hospital far away. Would you go with her?

3. Suppose you are being interviewed for a very good position in a large company. The interviewer suddenly tells you that he has recognized that you are the person who saved her daughter from a fire last year. In fact, you are not. Would you tell the truth or not?

Part C

Test Your Listening

A Passage

Listen to the passage and choose the right answers to the questions.

1. Which of the following is true of Christina?

a. She went traveling with her family in many parts of Kenya.

b. She spent four days with the Samburu tribe people in Kenya.

c. She spent her last summer vacation with a tribe people in Kenya.

d. She took many pictures of children in Kenya.

2. What did Christina do to help the Samburu tribe people?

a. She gave them 200 dollars out of her own savings.

b. She taught them to paint pictures and paid them a lot of money.

c. She taught the children how to paint pictures and turn them into cards.

d. She bought the children’s paintings and sold them back hom

e.

3. What did she do with the profit money from sales during the last Christmas season?

a. She used it to train the tribe people to make beaded bracelets and other ornaments.

b. She used it to build a dam, buy cows, and pay medical bills for two children.

c. She used it to buy cows for poor families.

d. She used it to build a children’s hospital.

4. What can we learn from the story?

a. Without Christina’s Samburu Project, the tribe people would not be able to survive.

b. The Samburu people are born artists and craftspeople.

c. Christina is a good artist.

d. Christina is a caring girl.

Script:

On a trip to Kenya with her family, 17-year-old Christina spent four days with the Samburu tribe people. Two years of drought had killed their cattle and left the tribe with nothing to eat. Christina wanted to help them.

For fun, she taught the children how to paint and the children came up with amazing drawings of animals. Christina decided to turn the paintings into cards and sell them back home. She paid the children $200 of her own money for the pictures. “That fed them for two and a half weeks,” she said.

It was then that she got the idea of paying the tribe people for their crafts, which she’d sell in local stores. Her goal was to raise enough money to buy a cow for each family and to dam the

nearby springs so the tribe would never be troubled by droughts again. Obtaining a loan from her parents, she started the Samburu Project.

Now the men and women there are making beaded bracelets and other ornaments. And the children are painting giraffes and zebras.

Christina sets aside every penny of profit for the tribe. Sales during last y ear’s Christmas season yielded $10,000 in profit. She was able to collect enough money to buy the cows, build the dam and even pay the medical bills of a girl who had a brain tumor and a boy badly burned in a fire.

Christina’s enthusiasm is catching. When her friends learned about this, they also wanted to buy a cow. That gave her another idea: people could donate $50 to purchase a cow for the Samburu people. By now 67 people have done so.

Christina adds what she can to the kitty. “I take the money I would spend on CDs or a soda and throw it into a jar for the Samburu.”

Part D

Time to Talk

Look at these pictures and describe them one by one. If possible, try also to find something relevant to talk about.

Hints:

1. Princess Diana, some African children, look at a boy with an artificial leg, her eyes filled with sympathy, a girl sitting on her lap, a leg missing, an ambassador (大使) of peace and goodwill (友善，亲善), landmine (地雷) explosion, visit orphans (孤儿院) and hospitals, strongly oppose the use of landmines

2. Mother Teresa (德兰修女), less well-known than Diana, have a heart of gold, with some poor children, a nun and a catholic, spend her life helping the poor, devote all her life to the benefit of the poor, win Nobel Peace Prize in 1979, die in 1997 after the death of Diana

3. Lei Feng, army uniform, on his right, Mao Zedong’s writing, a national hero for many years, just a common soldier, use his money to help others, after his death, his virtuous (品德高尚的) deeds, be known, a nationwide movement, to learn from Lei Feng, some people say he’s a fool, I think, if all people were like him, the world would become a better place

Demos:

1. This picture shows Princess Diana with a group of Africans. She’s looking at an African boy with an artificial leg. Her eyes show sorrow and sympathy. Maybe he lost his leg in a landmine explosion. Sitting on her lap is a little girl with one of her legs missing. After her divorce, Diana wiped away her tears and continued her mission as an ambassador of peace and goodwill to help the needy people. She often visited orphanages and hospitals, and she strongly opposed the use of landmines.

2. Mother Teresa is less well-known than Diana, but she had a heart of gold. Here in this picture we see her with some children. Mother Teresa was a nun and a catholic. She spent all her life trying to help the poor, particularly poor children. She never got married and devoted all her life to the benefit of the poor. Because of her selfless efforts, Mother Teresa was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. She died in 1997, just a couple of months after the death of Princess Diana.

3. This is a picture of Lei Feng in his army uniform. On his right, we see Mao Zedong’s

writing that goes, “Learn from Lei Feng”. Lei Feng was a hero in China for many years. He was a common soldier, but he often used the money he’d saved to help others, such as flood victims. It was only after he died from an accident in 1960 that stories of his good deeds spread out and drew nationwide attention. People were moved by what he had done and there was a national movement in China to learn from him.

Today, Lei Feng is not on everybody’s lips anymore, but his spirit is still deeply admired. Some say he’s a fool, but I think if all people were like him, the world would become a better place than it is.

Movie Time

New Words

mantis n.螳螂

wee a.很小的，极小的

scaly a.有鳞的

savage n.野蛮人

rhino n. rhinoceros的缩写，犀牛

bandit n.土匪

mind-blowing a.令人惊讶的；令人兴奋的

trance n.昏睡；出神

yucky a.恶心的

poke v.戳；捅

summon v.鼓起；使出

chi n.（中文词）气

muster v.激发；聚集

technique n.技巧

Script:

Even when Master Mantis was but a wee bug, he was fast. Lightning fast! Whenever anybody needed some help ... “Help!” ... he was there. But he had one tiny problem.

“Waiter, I’m starving over here!” He was totally impatient.

“What’s taking so long?”The world moved too slow for Mantis. He was too fast for the world. “Give me that!”

One day, it would get him into trouble.

“A gang of crocodiles stole my village’s supply of ...”

“Wood.”

“...wool coats.”

“And if we don’t get them back, we’ll...”

“Look unfashionable?”

“...freeze to death.”

“Just as I thought. And where did these scaly savages run off to?”

“They went...”

“West!”

“No, east!”

“What are you...?”

“Towards the...”

“Hill!”

“No!”

“The island of...”

“Rhinos?”

“Crocodile bandits!”

“Crocodile bandits? East? Wool coats!I knew it! I’ll need a boat.”

“You need to be very...”

“Quick.”

“Careful. And take...”

“A packed lunch?”

“This map.”

“No maps!”

“Mantis, they...”

“Won’t know what hit th em.”

“But traps! They’re famous for setting traps.”

“A trap! Why didn’t anyone warn me?”

“Well, if it isn’t the world-famous Mantis.”

“Guess you were so fast you forgot to check for traps.”

“How about you let me out and I’ll show you how fast I can make you cry.”

“Why don’t we leave you in there and see how fast you can grow old?”

“No matter how hard I try,I cannot escape.”

He could do nothing but sit and wait for something to happen. And so he waited. And waited ... and waited, until something mind-blowing happened. For the first time, the world around Mantis moved faster than he did. Forced to wait, Mantis entered a trance-like, totally awesome state of mind. Mantis had found the one thing he’d been missing.Patience. And a brilliant plan.

“Hey, Mantis! Wake up, It’s time to eat.Hey, you guys?”

“That’s yucky.”恶心的

“I think he’s dead.”

“Touch him. Poke him with something!”

“Careful. Careful.”

Mantis had to summon every ounce of chi he could muster屏住呼吸. Just to keep from抑制laughing. The crocodiles totally fell for his amazing staying-still-for-a-really-long-time technique.

“Wait for it.”

Mantis had finally found the secret to excellence of self优秀自己, the mind-blowing引起幻觉的power of patience.不可思议的忍耐力/耐心

“Yeah.”

Exercise A

Choose the right answer to each of the following questions.

1. What was Master Mantis famous for?

a. Being smart.

b. Being cruel to other animals.

c. Being fast.

d. Being generous.

2. What was the shortcoming of Mantis at early times?

a. Impatience.

b. Indifference.

c. Weakness.

d. Aggressiveness.

3. What do you know about Mantis’s being trapped?

a. He felt lonely.

b. He was urged to be patient.

c. He lost the hope of surviving.

d. He regretted having helped the sheep.

Exercise B

Name some human virtues that you know. Then reflect on yourself and make a plan to acquire the virtues you lack.

Possible answers:

honesty, patience, self-confidence, sympathy, responsibility, industriousness, tolerance, kindness, loyalty, consideration, calmness, perseverance, bravery, courage, modesty, carefulness, flexibility, friendliness, etc.

人教版九年级英语下册全册教案

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