苏州译林版8A 书本课后语法点梳理

8A Unit1

形容词的比较级和最高级

注意:有些形容词有两种比较级和最高级的变化方式。如: Clever-cleverer/more clever-cleverest/most clever

Old-older/elder-oldest/eldest

Far-farther/further-farthest/furthest

形容词比较级常用于以下句式：

1.通常情况下，我们常用比较级+than来引出比较的第二部分。如：

The Pictures is more beautiful than that one.

这幅画比那幅画更漂亮

2.我们用Which…+比较级，…or…？的句型来表示在两者中选择。如:Which is

bigger, the sun or the moon? 太阳和月亮，哪个更大？

3.我们可在比较级前加上a little、much、even等词来表示程度。如:China is

muchlarger than Japan. 中国比日本大的多。

4.我们用比较级+and+比较级的结构来表示人或事物本身程度的改变。如:The

boys are stronger and stronger.

形容词最高级常用于以下句式：

1.我们用“形容词性物主代词+最高级”的结构来表示人或事物的“最……”.如：Peter is his oldest son.彼得是他的长子。

注意:此时形容词的最高级前面不需要用定冠词the。

2.我们用“the+最高级+比较范围”的结构来表示在某一范围内“最……”,介词of

和among后面接表示范围的人或物，in后面接表示范围的名词或名词性短语。如:

I am the tallest of/among the three.我是三个人中最高的。

3.我们可以用序数词来修饰形容词的最高级。如：

In the USA, the third largest city is Los Angeles.美国的第三大城市是洛杉矶。

8A Unit2

数量的比较

1.我们常用“more…than”和fewer/less…than”对人和事物的数量进行比较，表示“比…多”和“比…少”。如：

He has more books than me. 他的书比我多。

注意：表示“比…多”时，无论可数或不可数名词都用more修饰，而表示“比…少”时，可数名词用fewer修饰，不可数名词用little修饰。

2.我们常用the most和the fewest/least 对人或事物的数量进行比较，表示最多和最少。如：

Simon drinks the most milk.西蒙喝的牛奶最多。

副词的比较级和最高级

1.我们会对事物进行比较，还会用副词的比较级和最高级。如：

Daniel drives faster than me.丹尼尔开车比我快。

注意：副词最高级前的the有时可以省略。

far-further/farther-furthest/farthest

有些词既可做形容词，又可做副词，如：far、fast、hard、high、late、long 和well.

8A Unit3

As…as 的用法

As…as或not…as 表示“和…一样”或“和…不一样”如：Mary is as careful as Linda.

注意事项：

1.as…as和not as…as 属于同级比较，在此结构中，要使用形容词或副词的原级。

2.在否定结构中，A is not as…as B意思是A不如B……。如：This book is not

as interesting as that one.

= This book is less interesting than that one.

= that book is more interesting than that one.

这本书不如那本书有趣。

在同级比较的否定句中，我们也可以用not…so as 结构。如：This desk is not heavy as that one。

这张桌子不如那张重。

= This desk is not so heavy as that one.

= This desk is lighter than that one.

3．我们对事物进行比较时要注意被比较的双方必须是同类事物。

反身代词

注意事项:反身代词和它所指代的对象在人称、性别和数上必须保持一致。

selves构成，第三人称的反身代词是由宾格代词加上self或selves构成。

②反身代词在句子不能单独做主语。

8A Unit4

祈使句

注意：祈使句的主语通常不被明确表示出来

⑴祈使句的肯定形式以动词原形开头；否定形式是在动词原形前加do not/don＇t.

⑵为了显示更为客气和礼貌，我们常在祈使句中加入please。当please 放在句末的时，必须用逗号与其他部分隔开。如：Open the window, please.

用should和had better提建议

⑴Had better的语气比should强一些。

⑵had better和should都为情态动词，后接动词原形，且均没有人称和数的变化。

Had better中的had常缩略为′d。

⑶had better和should的否定形式是:had better not和should not/shouldn＇t.

8A Unit5

情态动词may 的用法

1.表猜测。

注意:may 表示可能的时候通常只用于肯定句和否定句中，相当于possibly、perheps或maybe。

动词不定式做宾语

1.基本形式：to+动词原形

2.注意：动词不定式在句子不做谓语，因此没有人称、数和时态的

变化

3.动词不定式在句中常做谓语动词的宾语,这一类谓语动词常见的有：

4.动词不定式的否定形式是not to+动词原形

8A Unit6

动词不定式做目的状语

1.我们可以用动词不定式表示某一动作或状态的目的。

Eg:He stopped to ask the way.

2.为了使表达更加清楚或对目的加以强调，还可以在动词前面用in order to。如：I will sit in the front in order to hear more clearly.

3.注意：由in order to 引导的目的状语，既可以置于句尾，也可以置于句首。Eg：in order to get there in time, they started early.

动词不定式做宾语补足语

4.我们可以用动词不定式说明宾语的情况，此时动词不定式在句中做宾语补足语。Eg：I want you to sing a song for us.

5.动词不定式做宾语补足语，有带to和不带to两种形式。如：

The teacher asked us to read English every day.

My mother made me clean my bedroom.

6.常跟带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：

ask,tell,order,invite,get,allow,wish,want,encourage,advise,warn,like,lo ve,hate等。

7.常跟不带to的动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有：感官动词hear，feel，see,watch,notice等；使役动词有let,make,have.

8.动词help后面的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to。

We helped him (to) fix his bike.

8A Unit 7

动词及五种基本句型

1.句子的基本组成部分：S+V+O

2.动词可分为：行为动词（实义动词）和系动词

3.根据这两类动词用作谓语时的不同特点，可以概括以下几种句型

①连系动词主要指be 动词，感官动词（look，sound，feel，smell，taste）和表示变，变成的动词（become，get,grow,turn)

通常结构为S+V+P(主+系+表)

②行为动词可分为及物动词和不及物动词

(1)不及物动词，无需带宾语，由这类动词构成的句子结构为：S+V

(2)由及物动词构成的句子结构为：S+V+O

(3)有些及物动词后面可以可以跟动词的双宾语，其中一个指人，一个指物，指人的叫间接宾语，指物的叫直接宾语。由这类动词构成的句子结构是S+V+IO+DO,在这结构中，间接宾语可以改成一个由to/for引导的短语

Eg：i will buy a present for my mom=i will buy mum a present.

注意：能与to搭配的动词有bring，feed,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,post,read,sell,send,show,take,teach, tell,write等。能与for搭配的动词有：bring，build，buy,cook,find,get,leave,make,order,pick,save 等

有些及物动词后面跟宾语补足语，用来补充宾语的行为或状态等。结构为:S+V+DO+OC(主+谓语+直宾+宾补）

Eg：I saw him crossing the street.

8A UNIT8

过去进行时

1.过去进行时的肯定结构为was\were +现在分词

否定结构was\were+not+现在分词

2.有些动词不用于进行时,主要有：

When,while,as 的用法

When,while,as都有当...时候的意思

Eg:when he woke up, it was eight o'clock.(×)

1.

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Unit3 Welcome to our school Welcome to the unit Step 1: Lead-in We have many subjects. Learn Millie’s subjects. 呈现三个新单词：biology, geography, history Then ask two questions. Step 2: Show the video of Hobo and Eddie. Then answer the questions. Ask them read ,then act it out. Step3: Ask what day it is? Then show the Millie’ s subjects. Find out what subjects Millie have today. Then ask the students what lessons they have. Show some pictures of the subjects. 回顾三个新单词。 Step4: 活动 According the model, then make a dialogue. Ask some students to act out. Step 5: 导入open day 的概念。Then listen and read the dialogue. Answer five questions about the dialogue. Then speak up again. Step 6: Homework Reading Step 1: Free talk 1. What is your favourite subject? 2. Our school is beautiful. What can you see in the school? 3. What is in front of your classroom? 4. Is your classroom on the ground floor? Step 2: Lead-in Explain the words and phrases in the passage Step 3: Listening Listen to the tape, and tick the correct answers Step 4: Here are some pictures of different places at Millie’s school. Help her write the correct words under the pictures. Step 5: Read the information about Sunshine Middle School. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false. Step 6: Homework 1. Recite this passage 2. Finish exercises on your paper Content: Grammar I Teaching aims: To learn to use the subject form of personal pronouns Important points: To understand what the personal pronouns replace and learn to use the subject form in the

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Unit 1 This is me ! 1.oh, I love this e-dog. / 2. I‘m Eddie. What‘s your name? My name‘s Hobo. / 3. Yes, I am. / Are you my master ? / 4. Good. Read this book now. 《How to look after your e-dog》 Making friends at your new school: This is the first day at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. The students are introducing themselves to each other. They are going to write about themselves. Main task: Write about yourself for the class noticeboard. Welcome to the unit A Metting new friends: ?The students are starting school at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School and this is their first English lesson. They are introducing themselves to each other. Good morning. I‘m Amy. / I‘m Simon. | Hello, I‘m Millie. / I‘m Kitty. | Hi, I‘m Sandy. What‘s your name? / My name‘s Daniel. B Greetings(问候vt.) B1? Millie meets Kitty at the following times. What does Millie say to Kitty? Help Millie write the correct greetings under the pictures. 1.Good afternoon. 2. Good morning. 3. Good evening. 4. Good night. B2?Work in pairs. Greet your partner and then introduce yourself. Use the sentences in Part A and the greetings in Part B1 to help you. READING: A Welcome to Beijing Sunshine secondary School. ?Millie, Simon, Sandy, Kitty ,Amy and Daniel are new students at Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. Let‘ meet them. [Millie]Hi, I‘m Millie. I‘m 12 years old. I‘m in Class 1, Grade 7. I live in Beijing. I love reading. I‘m in the Reading Club. I have a dog. His name‘s Eddie. I love him very much. [Simon] Hello, everyone! My name is Simon. I was born in Shanghai but I live in Beijing now. I like Beijing very much. I love playing football after school. I have one cousin, Annie. [Kieey] 15 This is Kitty. She is 11 years old. She is small. She loves dancing. She works hard. [Sandy] 10 Hi, I‘m Sandy. I come from Beijing. I‘m very tall and slim. I have long black hair. I like listening to music. Now let‘s meet Kitty, Amy and Daniel. [Amy] 20 This is Amy. She is not very tall. She has short hair. She is good at swimming. 25 She is funny! [Daniel] This is Daniel. He wears glasses. He enjoys playing computer games. 30 He is polite and helpful. B Gretting to know the students: B1?Mr Wu, the English teacher, wants to know the students better. What activities do they like? Help him write the correct letters in the boxes. 1 Millie [] 2 simon [] 3 Kitty [] 4 Amy [] 5 Sandy [] 6 Daniel [] a b c d e f B2?Mr Wu is writing about his students. Look at the following sentences. Are they corret? Write a T if the sentence is true. .write an F if it is false.